skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Is it? The VM is already already storing the tags on objects to be able to down cast. For example, in Java, the JVM is already storing the bits to remember that your `x` is a `Child` to safely raise an exception for

Child castToChild(Object x) {
return (Child)x;
}

So at least it's not expensive from the standpoint of "uses more memory."

Maybe you're saying that it's more expensive because dynamic dispatch on a type like (A | B) will be slower than static dispatch on a type like A, but most languages lacking ad hoc union types will already have other ways to do dynamic dispatch (parent classes, interfaces, etc.) so it's not like adding ad hoc union types solely incentivizes people to write slower, dynamically dispatched code.

Maybe when you say "performance" you mean that the performance of the type checker is slower? That's definitely true—as ad hoc union types get larger (dozens, hundreds, heaven forbid thousands of variants) the type checker will definitely struggle.

That being said, there have been some impressive optimizations in practice to speed these up (I've spoken with members of the TypeScript team touting some really cool improvements to their union types, and I've seen members of my team submit similar but not quite as good improvements to the union types in Sorbet for Ruby). So I definitely agree that a priori, they're going to be slower to type check, but I think that they can be made fast in common cases, and their benefit in terms of power added to the type system is just a really, really good tradeoff.

So I'm not sure I agree on face value that adding ad hoc union types to a language necessarily come with a performance expense.
> once again the US has decided this is the hill it will die on.

Nah. This is their standard playbook. If someone undermines them they bash them publicly with a rubber hose, for decades. Maybe it's as an example to others.

The most egregious example of this I've come across is https://fullmeasure.news/news/politics/encryption-battle but there are numerous others.

And it seems in most cases, once this sort of behaviour is brought before a USA judge it's squashed, but before immense damage done has extracted the pound of flesh they appear to be after. So it's not the entire system that's rotten, just some apples within it.

Clearly, this sort of harassment is illegal. Ebay was a recent example, and they were prosecuted with the full force of the law. Nonetheless these rotten apples, who seem to be within the security apparatus (the CIA and NSA) seem to know how to work the system so they can get away with this with no personal repercussions on them. Until you yankees fix that, this is going to keep happening.
Canadians can’t travel to Canada without a smartphone
So I’ve learned today that Canadians need a smartphone, probably only iPhone or Android, to travel back to Canada. They have this new app, ArriveCan, that they require you to fill out some basic information that probably would be fine to fill out with paper or something else. But that option simply does not exist.

For most of our crowd, this is not an issue. But imagine those that are older. Those that don’t want to use android or iOS. Or in the case of a friend, those who have low battery and basically no data.

I think it’s ridiculous.

(for the record: I am strongly pro-vaccine and pretty in favor of reasonable restrictions)

Edit:
Looks like I’m wrong about the app. That’s good, sorry about that. You can go to the website before arriving at the airport and print it off according to comments below.
There is a strange paradox I noticed with activists and incentives. Basically they manage to incentivise being "unethical" and punish being "good" unless they are perfect. By being just the stick the relationship becomes adversarial and discourages any actual fixes.

If you concede then that begets more demands as they feel empowered. More radical demands follow and it is never enough.

If they basically tell them to get bent they either get discouraged or wind up background radiation and ignored anyway as they expect that sort of thing. How many scandals have hit say Nestle and Johnson and Johnson? Yet you never see calls to nationalize or break them up.
To add to the sibling comments (not downvoting): if you have a HTTP site served by Apache and use the Apache plugin for certbot to obtain a Let’s Encrypt-signed certificate, certbot also does a good job generating the Apache configuration to enable redirects to the HTTPS version.
why is this shitpost on the first page?
I don't think we should get rid of Atom or anything like that, the point of my question is why the Atom contributors chose to not move on to VSC and continue to maintain Atom to the point of launching competing cloud options like Teletype. It's weird because both ventures are ultimately owned by Microsoft so it's confusing why they're paying two sets of developers to compete against each other.
Here's another take on a similar theme. I've built a few of these:

https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/design/technical-document...

In my case, I was looking for a way to get decent analog power from a USB port for a non audio related project, but a LiPo battery would present a similar challenge.
follow-up post : https://debugged.it/blog/20000-lines-under-the-go-cean/
(Assuming this class is based on the Sipser book)Theory of comp needs: comfortably with algebraic manipulation, basic understanding of sets, the light touch of asymptotics usually learned in algos, strong comfort with boolean things, and the ability to grawk shorter proofs.
Does that include Tibet, Xinjiang and Taiwan? They're 'Domestic' according to the CCP right?
What an excellent idea, this way you make it perfectly fit in, and noone knows you have it. It's all private.
why not get the real one if you gonna go through all this hassle for a dildo
This is the syllabus:

https://zyzx.haust.edu.cn/moocresource/data/070101/U/712/Syl... You can also see sample problem sets.

The short answer is you probably need some college-level math. This is an intermediate(?) math department course.
Covid-19 vaccine given to family, including small kids, instead of flu shots
COBOL's biggest asset is the readability factor. Forget everything else about it. In business, maintainability is far more important than 'smart coding'.

I have COBOL programs sitting in my 'archives' hard drive which I probably haven't looked at since I wrote them in the mid-1980s. But I venture to say that I could dig one out and see exactly what it was for, and how it was done, in minutes. And that's after a lapse of 30-something years.

ASIDE: COBOL just isn't a very interesting language to computer science type persons because it's not made for solving computer science type problems.

It's not as boring a language as you might think. I once coded an 8080 disassembler in COBOL. Yes, it was pretty slow but it actually worked. I didn't bother to upgrade it later to a Z80 disassembler, so I stopped using it.
I climb but didn't climb for like 7 years in my 20s due to poor life choices. I think I used to be grouped in idk maybe 'pro-am' if that is a thing, e.g. top of top % but didn't get paid to do it. Especially back then even the very few full time 'pros' barely were able to eat. Would get killed if I tried to compete right now ;)

I don't think USADA or WADA prohibits it or creatine etc.

I've been back for a couple years now and have been interested in ways which help me train more effectively without injury, since I just can't do what I could when I was 20.

sleep, water, and stretching make the biggest difference. I have not gotten into Testosterone or other anabolics which seem like the only legit way to feel 20 again lol
"It's a flashlight-mounted TV-B-Gone The aunties music players have an IR remote"

https://twitter.com/RealSexyCyborg/status/144646248724781465...
Nope, there are three vaccines, and (in the US) only one kind of document that proves vaccination with them. On the other hand, you'd either have to prove positive infection and recovery (with multiple test results) to someone (whom?) or to standardize some kind of antibody testing which also has to take place soon after the infection, because those antibodies don't last very long. The immunity might last longer, but the kind of antibodies that are modestly easy to detect, don't. But because of the nature of those kinds of tests, every single lab would need to be certified individually and there would need to be another step to actually issue some kind of certificate.

So yes, to me it sounds massively more complicated and expensive than just getting two harmless vaccinations.
Upvotes have limited utility for an account that stands a good chance of being deleted.
> In effect, this would create a prohibition on controversial political speech for all academics—and eventually, perhaps, professionals in other highly visible domains.

Traditionally tenured faculty enjoy(ed?) some degree of freedom of thought and expression, in order to prevent the stifling of scholarship, to promote the development and free interchange of ideas, and to enable the discussion of controversial issues.

It makes sense to me for universities to extend that courtesy to faculty of other institutions as well as their own.
I think it will be hard to applaud China for anything until they stop systematically oppressing their Uighur population and quit terrorizing places like Taiwan for no reason. Maybe then it will be possible to reconcile our petty differences, but human rights abuses come first.
you basically need a +$1000 worth of hardware for a tiny printer
The documentary about rework is an excellent testimony of the success a sociopaths in leadership.
As you surmise it is not uncommon. It is talked about in some of the security briefings I've been required to watch and FSO's (facility security officers) have a bunch of stories of this effect facilitating a security leak.

When I was at Google a TechStop employee couldn't "help themselves" and shared a picture of an unreleased Android phone. Apparently it wasn't hard to figure out who it was and they were subsequently fired and everyone got a lecture at the Friday meeting.

I have not seen much literature on whether or not there are ways to mitigate that "feeling." (sure there are the 'you'll be fired if you tell anyone') but this comes up in all sorts of scenarios like seeing a VP from your company out on what looks like a romantic date with someone who isn't their spouse.
It's a great effort. I just wish it had an option for the VUE look as well. This was a predecessor to CDE from HP. It had a more modern look, more cheerful colours and a Sant serif font as standard. It also had a different dock at the bottom.
I think the stars are being converted to italics on some clients/uis, you’ll notice that the op’s first hash is italicised while the second one is not.
ever heard of line separator?
ArrivCan has a website that people can use.

https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/cor...
Not necessarily if your end goal is to be a unicorn. You can get a lot of investment for that.
CO2 capture is of interest; I mean Im interested in the survival of the species, think others here are too.
I don't understand your meaning.
Definitely need the Coen brothers to make that movie. It's like something right out of Burn After Reading.
Anti-androgens and GnRH agonists like Spironolactone, Cyproterone Acetate, Goserelin Acetate, Bicalutamide to name a few. Also to a lesser extent 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride (Propecia) which only suppress the more potent dihydrotestosterone.

All of these work by suppressing androgen production (mostly testosterone and dihydrotestosterone), this will suppress most of the male libido. While they don't remove the ability to get an erection if you try, they will prevent the hormonal lead-up that would normally lead to one. You'll likely stop thinking about sex entirely, there won't be much of a drive. GnRH agonists like Goserelin Acetate (zolodex) are highly effective, spironolactone is very weak and a potent diuretic.

On the downside... an adult human body expects to have a dominant sex hormone, either testosterone or oestrogen, and a lot of things hang off this. For one, initial breast growth is inhibited by testosterone, so you will likely develop gynecomastia (unwanted breast development). Your body hair will reduce, though facial hair is mostly unaffected, and your skin will become softer. Long term you are at increased risk of developing osteoporosis, and your testes and genitals will shrink. Sperm count and viability will reduce, though for some people this is recoverable.

It will halt any male pattern baldness though.

Most of these drugs are used for treatment of prostate and testicular cancer, so their effects are well known.
This twitter cabal reminds me of a related commentary about petroleum-industry propaganda: A conspiracy by the 99% of the world's leading scientists is exposed by a plucky band of billionaires...
I have lived in the US for about 8 years of my life in total. I have lived in Austria (not my birth country) for 11 years.
I hope you don't live life just believing what people tell you and not forming your own opinions. That would be a sad, robotic existence.
Sorry, I seem to have failed to communicate what I meant. I meant that in accounts of the history of logic that I saw as a student, say books published in English 1940s-1990s, Peirce was not mentioned. Then when I learnt his importance, that became a very noticeable and annoying omission, which thankfully seems to have started to be corrected in recent decades.

I don't see how where you get your logic, or the state of modern logic, or whether the way you were taught to think was Peircian, at all bears on whether Peirce was unfairly omitted from the history of logic.
wow, rude.

The guidelines for this site state to be kind and not snarky.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
cool!

>>> l = ['a','b']
>>> l[False]
'a'
>>> l[True]
'b'
>>> d = {0: 'a', 1: 'b'}
>>> d[False]
'a'
>>> d[True]
'b'
>>> # TIL!
We live in an era where tolerating the wrong political or social opinions, or even being accused of same, you can be de-platformed, with a bonus helping of banks and lawyers won't serve you for fear of repercussions, either.

I think the HN folks are bravely doing a civil service by encouraging actual discussion and tolerating the diversity of opinion they do.

Explicitly inviting more / making an editorial nod towards such tolerance is a risk they may not wish to take. Not to mention something that might be viewed as a dilution of and distraction from the stated goals of gratifying curiosity.

I often wonder if the people who "killed religion" ever considered that what they were doing was uncorking the snakes of religious intolerance thinking they could use them without getting bitten themselves. "Ban political posts" ... what's political? Studies of vaccines? Only those that show the "wrong result?"
If you run your own web server then that’s still centralized. If you run your own web server that runs code which abides to the protocol rules like miner software then your server is contributing to a decentralized network.
In case anyone else wonders that PST files are before clicking:

> Outlook Personal Folders (.pst) File Format
UN explicitly doesn't recognize UNCLOS/PCA arbituation which PRC also didn't accede to. That's what matters to Beijing in terms of international law, whose SCS shenaningans is still less aggregious than US/UK over Chagos if we're going to compare UNCLOS drama. Everything west accuse PRC of, west has done worse. But whataboutism isn't the point, the point is PRC is now in position to enjoy state of exception like US to protect her own interests. That's the significant part some in west can't cope with. Wolf-warrior worked, apart from loud grumbling, no one wants to step on PRC toes regarding domestic issues.

>fighting will

Regional countries stated they're neutral or won't get involved. There's unusual insistence from those that asserts grand coalition to defend TW will form by players who already said or demonstrated they won't. QUAD meeting is a dud, India not interested in military alliance. Japan says tough words but won't do any of the reforms necessary.

>acted impatiently

PRC established rule of law in HK, who existed 23 years without NSL. That's insane. Again pluraity of countries polled at UN support on HK affirms PRC position - countries have right deal with internal issues however they see fit. The world exists beyond west at UN thanks to PRC learning to negotiate the instuttion over the years. Xi acted at the right time, or calculated costs correctly because as we can see, a little wolf warrior counter-sanction of EU over HK/XJ sanctions stopped illusion that west can punish PRC cost free. Hide&bide has been over since Obama pivot to Asia, Trump was pressing PRC hard, it's long overdue PRC asserted itself. The problem was CCP didn't crack down on HK sooner and allowed generation problems / cultural shifts to fester. This is also what is happening in TW, so yeah, here we are. Patience and hide&bide was always cover for weakness.

>I guess WWIII will be at least be interesting.

That's why everyone hopes for at most a civil war where PRC takes TW uninterrupted instead of potential regional war where US intervention leads to massive Sino-US war and messes things up for everyone. Well everyone really hopes for status quo and then peaceful reunion, including PRC, but DPP's the one agitating and upsetting cross-strait relations. As for significant loss of life, probably not. It's not going to be Normandy, it's going to be Desert Storm, except TW is smaller, less trained than Iraq, and closer to PRC who can concentrate more forces than US ever hoped to project in ME. Regardless life is the one thing PRC can afford to throw at a TW problem. Even with demographic bomb / one child policy.
First you charge the capacitor like so from the 5v supply.

+5v -> +
Cap
0v -> -

Then you disconnect the capacitor and reconnect it this way:

+5v ------> +5v
0v -> + --> 0v
Cap
- --> -5v

Compared to 0v you now have -5v. Consequently you get 10v between the two extremes. The capacitor will deplete fast. So you would repeat the cycle quickly. And add some more circuitry to smooth the output.
The United States: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_renewal_in_the_Unite...

Moreover, under United States law, new editions of a preexisting work are considered "derivative works" and in these cases "the editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications represent, as a whole, an original work." [1]

SIGNIFICANTLY, this U.S. government source explicitly mentions the following as cases of derivative works which allow for a new copyright:

* A new version of an existing computer program

* A revision of a website

The new copyright on the derivative work "covers only the additions, changes, or other new material appearing for the first time in the work."

In other words, by creating a derivative work via updating an existing computer program or modifying a website, you absolutely gain a new copyright on any new material and you absolutely can and should update the copyright date under U.S. law.

People urging the contrary, at least insofar as they are talking about the United States or governments with similar copyright regimes are dead wrong, and jcranmer and garmaine are right and unfairly downvoted.

[1] https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ14.pdf
Every cog is required in order for the system to run. Even when parts of the system are not materially utilized, i.e. tanks that never see action, they have important strategic value in terms of deterrence and optionality.

It's probably understandable that people want to 'feel important' for a moment, but if they had the 'big picture' they'd realize that 'doing their job' is the most important thing they could do. It's easy for regular people to lose sight of that, just as it's easy for some people in power to take their roles a bit too seriously.
I am curious if you have any advise for software consultants advising/selling to Senior management? How best to present your case/discuss issues so that it is perceived as a win-win?
canada did, but their contracts assumed delivery from the us plants. when trump restricted export canada had to go back to pfizer and moderna and secure supply from the european plants
Iceland accepts either vaccine or previous infection certificates[1][2]. They seemed to handle covid well, being fairly strict.

Fake vaccinations[3], including fake certificates are popular, especially when they are forced. If you want a fake vaccination, I know a guy who knows a guy. Point is - it's not bullshit.

Yes, checking certificates is easier than testing for antibodies. While harder, I still think antibody tests would have less false positives and I most certainly don't think the relative easiness to administer vaccines is a good reason to require everyone to take them, even when they are more immune then those who only got the vaccine.

A friend had an antibody test as he already had covid and didn't want to go for a vaccine. It was no big deal.

[1] https://www.covid.is/sub-categories/travel-to-and-within-ice...

[2] https://www.landlaeknir.is/um-embaettid/greinar/grein/item43...

[3] https://text.npr.org/1026863219
Democracy Perception Index 2021 [pdf]
The treatment of communist guerillas by the South Korean government was substantially more humane (and far less bloody) than the treatment of civil society by the military junta ruling North Korea up to and including the leadership of Kim Tu-bong, who was himself dissapeared by Kim Il Sung in 1949. The problem here is that the hard-left stalinist policies that were widespread in the 30s-50s (and imitated by Mao) required a whole-scale attack on civil society:

* forced collectivization of agriculture

* attacks on schools, press, and bringing all instutions under the control of the party functionaries

* execution of monks, priests and missionaries and destruction of all religious organizations

* seizure of all private property.

Enforcing something like that requires a very bloody attack on the entire civil society:

"Concentration camps came into being in North Korea in the wake of the country's liberation from Japanese colonial rule at the end of World War II. Those persons considered "adversary class forces", such as landholders, Japanese collaborators, religious devotees and the families of people who migrated to the South, were rounded up and detained in large facilities. Additional camps were later established in the late 1950s and 60s in order to incarcerate the political victims of power struggles along with their families as well as overseas Koreans who migrated to the North. Later, the number of camps saw a marked increase with the cementing of the Kim Il Sung dictatorship and the Kim Jong-il succession."

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_concentration_and_inte...

You can argue that Stalinist dictorships destroying civil society are a good thing, but trying to claim that the US "invaded" South Korea with 300 troops is absurd.

> any improvement in those areas happened in South Korea and Taiwan rather recently, in the past thirty years or so.

There was no period of time in which North Korea was more free or respectful of human nature than the South, as evidenced by people continuing to flee to the South from the North, which is why the North had to build walls to keep people in.

It is because the government of the South did not launch a wholescale attack on human nature and provided more freedom than the North that it could evolve in directions that promoted greater individual liberty over time, whereas the North remained mired with famines, collectivization insanity, and repression.