Layout was not done with desktop publishing for magazines and newspapers in 1985, but some newsletters were laid out using Aldus PageMaker and Microsoft Word. Computers may have been used, though.

In 1982, I was in 6th grade, and my best friend's father was a graphic designer. I remember the computer he used, an Itek Quadritek, a very big thing with multiple cabinets taking up his whole office. It used the 8-inch floppies for storage. It was probably a mini computer, and he also had a high resolution monochrome imagesetter to output to developed paper.

In college in 1989, because the editor heard I was a CS major, I was tasked with modernizing the school newspaper production equipment to use Mac desktop publishing, installing the Macs, QuarkXPress and Photoshop software and new Linotype PostScript film imagesetters. What they were using before for a decade at least were Linotype terminals (and I expect for long before that, Linotype machines). I was not aware of what the terminals connected to, but there must have been a mini computer somewhere. The printing terminals used a markup language (not unlike html) to output copy in whatever type-size, fonts and justifications to a monochrome developed paper, which would be physically cut with razors and physically pasted with glue up on newspaper-sized paste sheets, and then those sheets were shot with a huge stat camera to go to film, then the film negative was developed and the image burned onto metal press plate with another huge machine called a platemaker.

I worked in printing for years as a prepress operator, and all of those huge stat cameras and platemakers, the developing sinks, all of it, everywhere, were dragged into the parking lots of commercial printers to be hauled away to landfills or junk yards. I remember thinking it was throwing away a fortune, stat cameras alone were like $20K new, twice the cost of the new PostScript imagesetters.

The classic commercial printer bindery was a warehouse-sized room that included 20+ in staff, paper cutting machines, paper folding machines, collators, Cheshire machines, and other equipment like envelope stuffers and book binding machines. By 2003/4, a pdf file could be printed from a Mac or Windows desktop to a large, 50-foot long press that outputs perfect bound paperback books, nothing in between, the entire bindery built-in. But professional/commercial offset printing even today still often requires metal plates, so the pdf (what prepress has been generating for 25 years rather than film or plate) outputs direct to metal plate (DTP).

In 2001 I was working at a startup that involved pulling the digital feed directly from major newspapers around the world to make it available in a reader, idea was you could read the New York Times online appearing exactly like the printed edition about 5-7 hours before it hit the stands, sometimes late the day before depending on when copy went to press. Even in 2001, every single major newspaper used it's own proprietary digital system, though everything was moving to pdf, which had been standard for almost a decade at commercial printers. In 2001, the San Francisco Chronicle still had no desktop publishing nor digital output to film and were still using physical cut and paste layout and stat cameras. I expect they migrated to desktop publishing within a few years, but I nearly fell out of my chair when I discovered a major newspaper's production department was a decade behind all the others. Their production manager agreed with me that it was unbelieveable.