skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Absolutely, property taxes are pretty much always "passed on" in Germany as well.

Berlin still has plenty of rope in business tax though, which is a significant part of local funding in Germany. Their strategy has been to undercut comparable cities by a good margin to attract businesses that might move to Berlin, while at the same time complaining about not having enough tax revenue and needing financial support from both the German federal government and the other German states.

But since they benefit from the current setup, there's no incentive for them to change it.
>Wouldn't be so great for the already poor state of liberty in either country, but the rest of the world would certainly benefit.

That's a pretty closed minded way of looking at things.
I never said it's completely non-fungible. Clearly I struck a nerve here.
As far as I know, a lot of DDoS attacks use UDP amplification, which can be prevented if every ISP implements BCP 38; i.e. drop UDP traffic at the edge of their network that has a source that cannot have come from within their network.

EDIT: To clarify, this won't stop layer-7 based DDoS attacks, or anything that uses TCP (like SYN flooding). Just UDP amplification.
Biometrics have their own set of problems.
> I'm sure Admiral Rickover will agree with me on ...

FYI, Admiral Rickover (born 1900) died in 1986.
Cutting off countries will do very little. Compromised devices are spread evenly across the globe, and even if their puppeteers sit in China or Russia, you wouldn't be able to block them from issuing orders to botnets.
I remember hearing about his MIT Challenge. This answer on Quora from an MIT student highlights some of the issues with that challenge https://www.quora.com/How-do-MIT-students-and-professors-fee...

In the book does he reflect on any of this, or is it based on the MIT challenge at all?
The issue is: bot nets. The attacks come from multiple sources worldwide. No anonymity, rather a swarm of legitimate hosts sending mass;requests.
Research and development? Network connections come in, one way or another some devices have to filter them in or out. AFAIK it's an arm race. Large bot nets on one side, and hardware optimised to filter out certain requests on the other.

It's a simple technique but requires compromising enough networked resources to make the attack effective.

Cloudflare and other providers having large capacities are well armed to deflect DDoS that can't overwhelmed them, but even then, they aren't safe from a larger bot net than what their network resource can handle.

If someone knows more than I do, maybe they could elaborate on technologies I'm not aware of.
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This type of thing has also happened to me with Google Maps and Android Auto. I used Google Maps to locate a store to get a gift for my wife. Later, we used the car. When I plugged in my phone, Google Maps displayed the store as a recommended destination on the center console screen. This ruined the surprise.

Now, Google Maps has an Incognito mode, but now I know I must use it when buying surprise presents.

The problem is this interaction is impossible to anticipate, and makes me not want my preferences on communal devices at all.
> considering things such as job availability, salary

These things do not depend much on the tech you learn. Besides, Django and Node.js are way too mainstream to notice any difference in salary/job offers.

> and ease of working in the ecosystem.

Pip is "less worse" than NPM in my opinion.

But, why don't you learn both? Is not that it's going to take you years to learn any of such frameworks.
"Generic type aliases may be forbidden to prevent type-astronauting; thanking Go for proving that a language can succeed without generics"

What are generic type aliases? Is it just any generic type, e.g. Iterator in Java?

What is the type of the compose function '|>' if it is not generic?
That proof uses Euler's formula, which is the real brain melter.
It's custom java code, for the most part. I'm using mariadb for some ancillary information, but the index and the crawler and everything is written from scratch.

It's hosted on my consumer-equipment server (Ryzen 3900x, 128Gb ram, Optane 900p+a few IronWolf drives), bare bones on Debian.
A 250 Gbps attack is bringing an ISP down? How is this possible in the age of 1 Gbps connections in every home?
It's true that they often use botnets, but amplification attacks are more and more common, and an important component here.

In these, the attacker sends crafted requests to an unwitting third party, and that third party then floods the victim with traffic. DNS amplification is probably the best known, here, since DNS is (usually) over UDP which has no persistent connection for replies:

- Send a DNS query to a DNS server, using your victim's IP address as the "source IP" for the query. Make the query something with a huge response, like using "ANY".

- DNS server responds to the victim's IP address, sending many big UDP packets with the response. After all, it can't know any better - it must* just trust the claimed source IP!

- Victim gets a huge flood of UDP traffic, overwhelming IP-level infrastructure like routers and switches.

This lets a relatively small attacker multiply ("amplify") their impact - and they do it while traversing a third party, making them more hidden.

---

* If course, there actually are mitigations for this; it's possible to detect this spoofing. But this is how DNS operators have worked in the past.
Why would it be so hard to trace back?
When you eat at a restaurant you are in the very same way also buying them a restaurant. That food will only satiate you for a few hours and eventually you will have to eat again, having nothing to show for the service. In the same way you can rent a house from someone, have shelter from the elements for a time and once that business has concluded have nothing to show for it.

I don't' advise eating out too much or renting long term if you can avoid it. I also don't advise living in a major city. You can more easily take the first two pieces of advice if you take the third first.
Sorry but it’s just not an anecdote. It’s government policy, as you can easily determine by googling. It’s not like we have to take one person’s word for it that this is happening.
What's the solution to this? If millions of devices are each sending 2Mbps to some target, what can the target do? It doesn't sound like there's a program that would be able to identify something so diffuse.
No, I just said that it's not an elastic market. Powerful entities like large investment funds can easily corner the market and push the prices up, which is exactly what happened in many cities across the world.

Of course if the supply "literally doubled overnight" or pigs started to fly the prices would go down. For a number of years.
Windscribe themselves got pwned not long ago: https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/07/vpn-servers-seized-b... Ownership is just one part of the equation.
I'm very confused: if you want to have more residents in your city with a fixed amount of land, then you need multifamily housing. Walkability is also associated with density and benefits from multi-family and mixed use zoning.
I've added a patreon, and a few people have hopped onboard. I'm honestly a bit stunned at the reception this has gotten.
Couldn't this fall under stalking legislation?
Can vouch Scott Young's work. It applies to other subjects non-related to programming as well.
Possibly useful: https://community.cartalk.com/t/is-the-shop-hours-per-job-me...

Another source says "Most auto repair shops use one of three guides for charges: Chilton's, AllData and Mitchell."
> the personal touch

landlords. Give me a break..
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We talked about this problem when I worked at a telco. The problem isn't necessarily cutting of the devices that are part of the attack, it's dealing with the aftermatch.

As sad as it is, most people won't understand that their device have been effected, and the telcos won't be responsible, financially, for paying to do the cleanup or verification.
The confusing part is that him opening the door doesn't reveal any new information. In most cases knowing that an event happened changes other probabilities. Or in other words, probability of A is equal to probability of A given B in this case, where A is that your initial pick is correct and B is that he opened a door with a goat. For example, lets say that he opened two doors with goats instead, then what is the probability of A, ie your first guess being correct? It is 100% of course, since it is the only door left, him opening two doors with goats revealed new information about your door.

So the argument "your first pick is always 1/3, so you should always switch" is wrong. That doesn't normally apply. It is true in this case, but not true in the general case of problems like this since probabilities change as new information is revealed.
> To me the consent of the public is even more shocking.

Is there even consent? The referendum (Volksentscheid) hasn't happened yet. I wonder how this haphazard move by the current Red-Green coalition Berlin city administration is even legitimate when the referendum is only due more than a week from now. Unless this was done to pre-empt losing at the ballot box.
It's built from scratch. I'm doing the crawling and indexing. Look through my comments and you'll find a few outlines of the stack and the index design.

Here are my blog entries relating to this:

https://memex.marginalia.nu/topic/astrolabe.gmi
My experience has been the opposite: investors are very smart late career people who defer, encourage and support. Compared to the "CEO fired for missing the quarter" days, it's very civilized, arguably strongly biases towards founders tbh.
Berlin doesn't care about money. Back when separated by the iron curtain, Berlin always got a special deal in federal/state finances because of its situation. After reunification, Berlin was pumped full of money because it was the new designated capital city and showpiece for unification. Nowadays, some of the special deals still remain, plus Berlin is awarded absurd amounts of money from the "Länderfinanzausgleich" (state finance balancing mechanism), meaning that the richer German states pay for Berlin's deficit.

So Berlin is in the comfortable situation of that one no-good family member on social security who will always find someone to pay their bills. Why change anything, why stop spending all that money, if more keeps coming without any effort in any case?
They have open registration last I checked, with an invite code available in the publicly accessible part of the forum (sorry, don't have a link right now, but probably they prefer you go directly there anyway).
> If higher prices were paid across the board, doubtlessly more workers with the sought after skills would sign up though. So maybe that was the thrust of your commen

Maybe a couple? But you're also going to get millions more unskilled workers. Without good filtering, no pay level is going to work.
Slogans are weak. Good people are strong. Great people even stronger. But again I don't get why we keep trying to find shortcuts around hiring people we can trust.
50 1Gbps connections usually peak at less than 50Gbps. Depending on your demographic and area, it can be a lot less.

250 Gbps will service much more than 250 1Gbps connections.

Also, not nearly every ISP offers 1 Gbps to all their customers. Some ISPs don't offer it at all.
Ask HN: Will learning a no code solution like Bubble help speed up prototyping?
From time to time I have ideas pop up that'd I'd like to rapidly prototype and get in front of potential users quickly but that will have to be re designed or torn down just as fast. I had thought that even as a pretty experienced developer at this point, learning a no code solution may be just the trick for this.

That said, learning a new tool always has added complexities of itself and in a lot of cases if the prototypes wind up being useful I'd just have to write it again in something like React or Svelte.

I spent a few hours using Bubble today and my gut was telling me it would just be better to find a visual editor for React like utopia.app but maybe more mature. I'm not sure without using Bubble for a lot longer and investing time into learning their idiosyncrasies that I would be able to effectively judge any real speed ups to producing my initial prototypes and I'm not sold on making that investment at this moment.

Where do other developers here land on this? What are your prototyping gotos, especially for React apps?
> Even if only new luxury apartments are being built, it is more housing that takes pressure off the market.

Luxury housing construction can help, but can't really fix the issue on its own because it is also a relatively inefficient and expensive method of increasing the housing supply (since each added unit has high costs.)

This problem is one that a large number of municipalities have failed to solve. It seems very difficult to get the regulatory and tax incentive structure setup just right to get sufficient affordable housing built in large urban areas.

> As a matter of fact, only big companies have the means to build under such conditions, it is much too risky for smaller entities.

I would think that governments have the scale to take on those risks as well. At some point, I think it makes sense to stop struggling to get privately build affordable housing and do it publicly.
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Firstly, that was 60 years ago.

Second, I think thats misleading. The Irish military did scenario analysis on this in case they were asked, and concluded it was hopeless, if that's what you mean.
It irks me that the onus of not being tracked is on the "target" themselves.

Further, there's no protection if you have no smartphone but are in a dense population area surrounded by devices that are part of this surveillance network.

There is no aspect of this that is privacy friendly except for the hand waving.
"older voters are most conservative, and die at a rate of ~1.8 million per year; public policy progress is a function of the death rate)"

At which moment someone inherits their property and starts being interested in protecting it against high taxation or outright confiscation.

I can see social norms such as racism or gay-friendliness moving in one direction only by the older generations dying out, but attitudes towards economic questions tend to move back and forth since the early 1920s at least, often as a correction (or even overcorrection) to the excesses of the previously dominant side.
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Yep, but Amazon for instance blocks first party content when accessing it via a VPN. Some delivery services block my VPN outright.
This guy deliberate practices
Remember the time they asked for your phone number for 2FA and then used it for contact linking?
(2015) Imgur was being used to create a botnet and DDOS 8Chan : https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10256942
If it helps any, you're supposed to be misled by the setup.

Monty could have asked the question as "Do you want to stick with the door you chose or do you think it's in one of the other two?" and skipped even opening one of them but that wouldn't have been as fun to watch.
> Airtags are the only devices (that I know of) that can leverage a worldwide network of iPhones to transmit their location rather than a power intensive LTE or GSM link

Sure, but “of iPhones” is doing a lot of work in that sentence. Worldwide network of <users of some common hardware or software> generally isn't as uncommon.
"Work computers may have nefarious software on them. Computers which are shared with multiple people (think of a family) may have users who aren't as careful."

Even a computer you manage yourself could have nefarious software on it, as most people don't usually manage their operating system and the operating system provider could serve up malicious software (intentionally or unintentionally), either originally or in an update. Same with the hardware of the machine, which could also compromise your keys or grant unauthorized people access.

I would not feel safe merely because I physically managed my own machines and knew something about security.

Really, a computer needs to be completely offline and with no ability to get online. Safest is not to use a computer at all.
California small claims court costs like $50. If you win there's a permanent ruling against the landlord.

It's worth going through the process just to learn. It's also crazy how difficult it is.
They'll only get one hop and I'll get a push notification immediately upon login to my server anyway
Fwiw there are some apps to hide menu bar icons:

- Open source https://github.com/Mortennn/Dozer

- Freemium https://matthewpalmer.net/vanilla/

- $15 https://www.macbartender.com/
I vaguely remember a 3blue1brown video that explains this really well too. Something to do with thinking about it in terms of rotations on the complex number plane which can land you back on the axis of real numbers. That was the most intuitive thing that I remember seeing
> My brain still wants to short circuit to two doors, one prize, random selection, 50% chance.

This seems to be a wide-spread belief/bias ... if there are two choices, two options, two outcomes, then it's 50:50.

OK, I buy a lottery ticket ... either I win or I lose, so it's 50:50, right?

Of course not. If you can start to see, by default, that two options are not usually equally likely, then you start to lose this misconception.

But really, you always have this situation: the prize is behind the door you chose, or it's behind one of the other two. That always remains true, so your probability of having the prize is always 1/3, even if you get to see behind one of the other doors. You're still sticking with your original choice, or switching to both the other doors (although one of them is open, so you ignore it).
Yeah I think you typically have the most interesting results searching for older topics.

I've posted a few comments outlining the tech, check my profile. It's also outlined some details in my blog if you dig around a bit, there's no real comprehensive overview, just bits and pieces though.

https://memex.marginalia.nu/topic/astrolabe.gmi
Simple - egress filtering:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egress_filtering

If every large network operator did this, then shutting down abusive hosts used to generate the kind of traffic needed for attacks like these would be possible.

You'd make a list of all the IPs for each large provider from which excess traffic is coming, and you'd send them to each large provider, and they'd either block the IPs completely (requiring customers to fix their compromised machines before they could get back on the Internet), or at very least they would block all traffic to the destination of the attack.

Some silly people think this isn't possible, but if large providers are forced to do it, then they can easily tell smaller ones they'll be blocked if they don't also do this, and so on, and we'd have a slightly more responsible Internet again.

Too bad we have shitty, huge companies that don't care about doing the right thing :(
How can I check my home network for signs I have any devices participating in a botnet?
They seem to only offer 20Mbps - 500Mbps.

https://www.edpnet.be/nl/thuis/internet.html

https://www.edpnet.be/nl/business/internet.html
At least with Google Glass, you had a display. These don't even have that. It's mostly a music player, really.

Let's call them "fDweebs". ("iDweebs" were those Apple earbuds with white wires.)
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Yes, but these attacks are actually easy to detect if they all come from the same IP. Sending packages from a lot of different IPs actually is expensive.
It shouldn't give you more than three per domain on paper, but I've got issues with deduplication so sometimes you get six :-(

Still a lot of work needs to be done.
If you prefer ublock origin filters I have the following:

youtube.com##ytd-browse[page-subtype="home"]
youtube.com###related
youtube.com##.html5-endscreen

The first one, removes the homepage, the second one the list of videos when on an already existing video, the last one, the end screen tiles.
Problem is, "not be paying market rates" will never happen. Market rates will be paid, because disowning anyone for the public good is only constitutional, if market rates are paid as restitution. There have been lots and lots of cases around disowned people lost by the state because of that.
> old apartment

> California

Prop 13. Your friend is doing just fine.
remote triggered blackholing the networks from which the ddos comes is very effective for small DDoS's. but its a very crude methods that drops entire /24's from being able to reach you.

this doesn't work for massive ddos's.
It is the same game. The original problem reads:

> You are on a game show. There are three doors, one has a prize behind them. You pick a door. The host who knows whats behind the doors opens one of the doors and reveals that it was the wrong door. Should you switch?

This description doesn't contradict my scenario at all. it doesn't say "The host will always reveals a dud no matter what happens".

Now, your intuition tells you that my scenario feels wrong since the host doesn't always do the same thing every single time, but that is how math and statistics works. We only know that the host opened this door this one time, we aren't given information about how the host acts in general. My interpretation is therefore just as valid.

Of course, for the real game the host always opened a dud door. But the original problem description didn't say that, it just described a single instance. In a single instance there isn't enough information to tell. And no, if you assume that the reader must know how the original game show worked then the problem isn't a properly defined problem, and the answer could be anything. That is how math works.
I feel like home router makers could intervene here and let their owners know when they’ve likely been hacked. Maybe even a regulation type deal?
Based on him knowing where the prize is, it’s hard to escape the idea that he’s only showing you a new door because you picked the right one, therefore intuitively you feel like you should stick with your guns. At least if you’re wrong the way you chose, you won’t feel like you’ve been manipulated.
As far as CoCs provide for banning/muting obnoxious jerks (which is always going to be a subjective call), I'm for it, but surely there needs to be an escalating set of disciplinary steps - hard to see anything in here supporting more than a thirty day suspension.

On the other hand, an author of the CoC should hold themself to a higher standard than "I wrote it, so everyone who disagrees is wrong".
Problem is the West had just experienced the failure that was to try to make peace with a mad dictator (Hitler) a few decades before.

Also the Communists were quite open about their plans for world domination.
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> changing the laws to ban public surveillance is the only option

i wonder if it would be feasible to require that all surveillence footage from
public areas be immediately encrypted so that it could only be decrypted by a
certain number of judges (following a court order).
So did Tim Berners-Lee. He was vehemently opposed to people shoehorning images into the WWW, because he didn't want it to turn into the equivalent of magazines. Which, I believe, he shared the opinion of them making society dumber.

Appropriately enough, I couldn't find a good quote to verify that since Google is only giving me newspapers and magazines talking about Sir Tim in the context of current events. I do believe it's in his book "Weaving the Web" though.