skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This may be one of the best HN comments I've ever read. Thanks for posting. I do have a question though. Probably a stupid one, as IANAP(hysicist).

Regarding this:

Now, an aside. Manhattan is not undergoing cosmic expansion. The Earth-Moon system is not expanding. Neither is our solar system to the best of our ability to measure. Our galaxy and the cluster that it's in do not appear to be expanding. Distant galaxy clusters appear to be bound together against the cosmological accelerated expansion.

Do you mean that Manhattan (and the Earth-Moon system, etc.) literally are not expanding even one smidgen, or do you mean that at that scale the expansion is just too small to (notice|measure|care about)? I ask, as I'd always interpreted "expansion" as being space itself expanding, and thought that it happened at all scales (including now that I think about it, inside of atoms, which could cause some weird stuff???). But are we saying that expansion isn't something that happens at all scales then? Eg, that only the space between galaxies (or between galaxy clusters) is expanding? If so, that makes the whole expansion issue feel even weirder than ever to me, and it felt weird enough before!
Discussed here:

Larry Page: “I think we should look into acquiring YouTube” (2005) - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28424339 - Sept 2021 (245 comments)

FWIW I think their reasoning must have changed drastically in the year between those initial emails and when they actually acquired Youtube. The emails suggest $10-15M as a price. They ended up paying $1.65B, which shocked everyone at the time (and now seems small). The difference is that in that year, YT grew exponentially. So this is actually an example of a high-growth win; indeed it's one of the classic examples.

This sequence of tweets kind of confirms that:

https://twitter.com/JGamblin/status/1433847336459964420

https://twitter.com/jhuber/status/1433863045613174784

https://twitter.com/JGamblin/status/1433865429932462083

https://twitter.com/jhuber/status/1433866494752935938

(the last one is the important one but the sequence is amusing)
Thanks for the read (post author here)!

As I mentioned, I am willing to admit that I came into this expecting to find technical illiteracy, and I didn't find much. I agree that the mindset to look for hacks and oversights in laws is a naieve engineer tendency.

> No, the courts aren't saying "if you waste a bunch of money on extra hard drives, you can infringe copyright", either.

I agree no court wants this, and I didn't intend to imply otherwise in the post. Regardless, as a result of these cases, this is the current state the DVR industry is in as I understand. Wasting money on storage does insulate you from infringement, and people do it to be safe.

> a programming language that executes what you intended to write, not what you actually wrote

This is a great analogy. It does clearly get more complex when the court is executing "what you would have intended had you known about the internet" though.

Edit:
On,

> The courts do not care how the copy was made

In Cablevision, they did for two reasons:

1. To figure out whether buffering was copying, which is a very technical discussion. See the footnote on MAI Systems

2. To figure out WHO was making the copy, for the volition based infringement test

My point here is that it really does get into the technical weeds. I know your point was mostly to just dismiss the deduplication discussion, which is reasonable. If one of my posed problems made it to court, the court would probably just do the "right thing". However, since they haven't made it to court yet, companies don't necessarily want to be the first to gamble on it.
What company gives out >50% of their company to their employees?
Warby Parker – The Not So Fast and Furious
In which contexts would it matter whether one used article instead of div?

If you're on a screen, it makes no difference.

If you use a screen reader/braille display, you will only be informed about a small subset of "semantic" html elements, such as headings, lists, links, and tables.

If you think it matters for "XML" reasons, well, it's not 2006 anymore.
Well yes, spamming your iMessages would be pointless.
How to isolate apps from private data in macOS?
Hi, long time Linux user here. I've been using Firejail for years to isolate apps from my ~/Documents and web browser data, so that there's a smaller risk of downloaded binaries like Signal and Steam accessing my private data. Also these days, things like Flatpak and Snap have similar isolation features built right in.

Now I'm thinking of getting a Macbook for the nicer creature comforts. I notice that MacOS apps installed from outside the app store have full access to ~/Library, which means things like Signal and Steam can freely poke around other apps' data, like Firefox/Chrome browser bookmarks, cookie files, etc. This seems bad to me.

I think these are the options, and none of them work very. Wonder if anyone has better suggestions:

1. sandbox-exec [1]: Poorly documented and deprecated. Might go away in upcoming releases of MacOS. Also not clear if it could produce strange results when running GUI apps that use things like the GPU or sound. Most examples I found are for relatively simple CLI executables.

2. Create separate user accounts and `sudo su` as them, then execute the binary. This kind of works but some apps give strange results. Firefox seems to lanuch OK, but I can't run steam this way. I can download the dmg, run `xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/Steam.dmg` then run it, the auto updater shows up, and then it closes itself without launching the store UI. If switch users to the other account, and double click the executable normally, it runs fine.

Also apps launched with `sudo` don't show up when I run the app switcher with Command-Tab, not sure why.

3. Run the app in a VM (like Parallels). Probably would work, but I'm expecting quite a bit of extra overhead from the VM layer.

[1] https://jmmv.dev/2019/11/macos-sandbox-exec.html
Apple drops iOS Private Relay feature for users in Russia
Yeah but usually I want some set of sites not just stackoverflow.
This is the first step, the restricted house rules with file lawsuits, appeal, use delaying tactics etc. In truth - builds more, denser housing and prices will indeed go down. A lost of people will find their financial structure is made of sand - they will be paying interest on mortgages worth ~~ twice or anyway, a lot more than their house is worth. Mortgage holders were aware of this, so they built hooks into their mortgages that follow you for life - unless you go bankrupt and the mortgage holders and other debt holders worry at the bones that are left.
Sad, but that is the end case of these nimby policies.
The tweet that went viral was a clip of a video posted by a Youtube channel owned by someone else. Seems pretty obvious the copyright owner who would make a claim against the tweet was the Youtube channel who owned the video.
Interestingly, the original creator of the video has since made it private. FSD beta testers are carefully handpicked — a lot of the Tesla “influencers” are given access for some free marketing. I wonder how many FSD bad driving videos are not uploaded to YouTube at all because they don’t want to say anything negative about Tesla and possibly lose influence/ad revenue.

This is on top of Tesla classifying FSD as level 2 system (while promoting as “level 5 soon”) so they don’t have to share data with CA DMV. Only reason not to be transparent like the others is if you’re not confident in your system.
Interesting choice of search topic. Are you trying to make an additional point?
Rishi Kumar brings up these points in a local article [1]. It's a good question:

"These bills will not require developers to invest in infrastructure improvement, rather only provide bare-minimum parking, avoiding costly entitlements. How will the current infrastructure — water, sewer, gas, roads — support the increased population? Who will make the necessary infrastructure investment?"

[1] https://padailypost.com/2021/03/19/guest-opinion-sb9-sb10-th...
Agreed it wasn't close, but it's still not the kind of behavior you'd want to see in a robot car. If I were a passenger in a car where a human driver did this, I would wonder if they were impaired, and I would no longer trust their driving abilities. Tesla's whole selling point is that a) autonomous cars are safer than human drivers b) we are almost there. This clip shows both claims are questionable at the moment.
Totally different. That slippery slop is just a fallacy.
This would have been reckless from a human driver and was just as reckless for FSD.
Sure, but that's not what happened.

What happened was that American (and European) corporations started producing their goods in other countries, because it was cheaper for them.

Like, I would have no issue with this in general if China developed their own companies, rather than already profitable US companies slashing their labour costs massively by using cheaper labour. It's super problematic, and while one can argue it's been good for the world, it's been pretty crap for all the manual/manufacturing workers in the US, Uk and other developed countries.

Full disclosure: I'm from Ireland, and this sort of outsourcing was what employed my Dad (and now me).
Some of the discourse suggested that previously it had had problems with the pillars for the monorail running down the median, and the owner/driver was trying it again to see if it had improved.

One of the big limits of this kind of AI is that it does not provide human-legible explanations for its actions. You cannot put it in front of a tribunal.
Letcture Notes for Tim Roughgarden's (Columbia Prof) Course on Blockchains
Based on the audio in the video it seems like they were testing a Tesla FSD update? It sounded like they deliberately drove it in an area that it did not handle well and even commented that it was 'better'.

It seems like it thinks the lane shifted to the right because it had to reason to do a right turn.

Anyone have more insight into what occurred?
I agree, but this is probably the worst behavior I've seen of the FSD software.

It abruptly tried to do a right turn on a no-right intersection with no warning (map said it was supposed to go straight, it looked like it was going to do that right up to the last second).

Putting aside the "almost hitting a pedestrian", this is really dangerous behavior for an autonomous vehicle.
It was hungry ;)
> You are so much disconnected from what is and how it's happening here.

How am I "disconnected" in thinking that Russia doesn't have US' federal structure that includes non-states?
Why did the car want to swerve right in the first place? You can see the route map on the display, it was going straight through this intersection.

EDIT - other people are pointing out the "no right turn" sign but I believe that's for cars to the left of the elevated tracks. The sign hanging by the traffic lights indicates the crossing road is one-way to the right, so that turn should be legal from where the Tesla is.

But it isn't planning a turn here so I don't think you can say "it would've made a tight turn and cleared the pedestrians." It looks like it has no idea where it's going and could have wanted to make a wide turn into the left lane, or even be swerving far out of its lane and then back in because it interpreted the intersection as something like a lane shift.
Ask HN: How do you keep your team engaged?
As an Engineer Manager I would like to understand your ideas on keeping the team engaged not just tech but also through some fun activities.
I agree. I'm all for static, low-size websites and that is something I always strive for. But, the internet speed keeps improving. 5MB app won't take 5s to load these days. 1 megabit-per-second connection needs 8 seconds to load 1MB. Most internet providers offer 300Mbit/s minimum ($39/month). But even with 50Mbit/s channel, it'll only take 0.8s to load 5MB.
It’s based on actual observations, with some assumptions on the nature of the universe. As you said - dark matter is detected by extra “holds stuff together” force than observed masses would indicate exists from a host of phenomena (find the Wikipedia article on dark matter for more detail), and dark energy which is the energy required to make the universe expand at an accelerated rate is based on on distance-redshift relation, measurements of the cosmic background radiation, and theoretical additional non matter or dark matter energy required to form an ‘observationally flat universe’.

The basics for both of these are discussed on the Wikipedia for both subjects.

Disclaimer - I am not a physicist but I did stay at the holiday inn express last night and I do watch a lot of PBS Spacetime on youtube.
You can motivate someone to get into a genre of film or music, but to get them into such an intense hobby seems like a recipe for failure. Especially if your motive is “well I like, why don’t you?”
Sigh... Wealth taxes don't work. Almost every single European country that had a wealth tax repealed theirs. The fact that Senator Warren is continuing to try to push a wealth tax shows how poor her policies are.
Microsoft is mostly reduced to the Office and Cloud teams. It's likely why the Windows UI is an inconsistent disaster.
This looks like a weird navigation failure. It certainly shouldn't have made this maneuver at all, but it's provably false to say it would have run over the pedestrians... this frame shows it:

https://i.stack.imgur.com/2KymN.png

Context - this is after the sudden sharp turn, as the driver is taking over.

- We can see the system is still driving itself; the driver has not taken over and is not a factor. The blue steering wheel shows this.

- The dotted line coming off the car shows its intended path. If you step through the video, you can see it decide it's going to make the turn (for some unknown reason).

- Before the driver takes over, as this frame shows, we see the car decide to turn back to the left and resume its correct course. In fact, if you step through the video, you can see the car is turning the wheel to the left, rotating under the driver's hands before the driver applies enough force to disengage.

- The car was aware of the pedestrian at the time it decided to make the turn (you can see them on the screen), and its clear the path would not have collided with the person even if the driver had not taken over, and the car had not corrected itself.

- But the car did correct itself, and intended to resume its straight course before the driver took over, as that frame above shows.

This is not "Tesla almost hits pedestrian!", this is "Tesla makes bad navigation decision, driver takes over before car would have safely corrected"
> In 2018, Warren Buffett had a net worth of $84 billion. The effective tax rate on his mountain of wealth? 0.006%—orders of magnitude lower than the tax rates paid by most middle-class families.

What tax rate do middle-class families pay on their net worth? 0% I believe, since we don't have wealth taxes?
People aren’t bothered by how close the car came to the pedestrians - it’s the fact that the autopilot was programmed to go in a straight line and at an intersection decided to steer into a crosswalk.

Not to mention the fact that it seems entirely legal for a company like Tesla to test such dangerous functionality on public streets with other drivers and pedestrians, with zero permission or regulation.
If a complicated and highly capable internet connection was important to you, why did you move to place where you almost certainly wouldn't be able to get it?
That statistics should inform action or measure of efficacy, but not drive it.

A dev manager running on only numbers will inevitably get empty, meaningless values such as tickets resolved or lines of code written, while the polar opposite manager will run on intuition alone. I imagine most would agree neither type is generally effective and a balance should be struck, and Goodhart's Law means you should be aware of what's important, pay attention to it, but do not make it your sole focus. And for God's sake, don't make a public dashboard for it.
I have no doubt that what you're saying is true. Still, that doesn't make the difference between lack of choice and illusion of choice any bigger.
The car veers pretty aggressively and suddenly. "Almost hitting" or not, this looks dangerous.

> This sort of close interplay between pedestrians and cars is very common in cities.

Yeah and I'm usually yelling at the idiot that wasn't looking where they were driving.
Ask HN: Devs what do you expect from your Engineering Manager?
Just want to hear it all!
Do you think that the alternative of not caring about transactions, using ad hoc ORMs, home-made DI-like contraptions would be beneficial for a typical CRUD app? And I know it is a logically fallacious argument on my side, but I think we tend to understate the huge amount of repetitive task that you will definitely need, but think it is not yet important.

Also, I think it is overblown how magical those annotations/code generation are. It is simply class path scanning and code generation under the hood, so that a proxy object is used instead of the interface. I would take this path any number of times instead of what abomination n developer hacked up over the years with no proper abstraction and documentation.
It looks like it re-routed down the side street at exactly that moment. You can see the projected path line shift to that street immediately before.

It doesn't look like it would have hit anyone to me (it was only partway through turning, so was facing people when it or he aborted it, but that's not the path shown on the display), but it was definitely an illegal move.
The NTSB.
The TK-95 was pretty neat - a Spectrum that looked like a Commodore Plus 4. Brazilian cloners had the most remarkable design mismatches, such as the TK-2000, a Microprofessor II clone that looked like an Atari 1200, the CP-400, a CoCo clone that looked like a Timex-Sinclair 2068, and that later got an Apple //c like keyboard, and an (improved!) Apple //e (the MicroEngenho Pro) that looked like a PC.
Tesla has caused a lot of confusion by calling this system "full self driving", but in reality, this system is an SAE level 2 driver assistance system where the human is required to be in charge of driving at all times.

https://www.sae.org/binaries/content/gallery/cm/articles/pre...
Early on I was thinking that self-driving cars would have to have some kind of "face" for just this kind of interaction to occur.
Almost hitting is an exaggeration, but making a right turn while pedestrians have started crossing at an intersection is a 100% incorrect (and likely illegal) action. It's concerning to me that the "full self driving" car cannot successfully handle this very common everyday occurrence.
When I first got into manufacturing, I encountered this too, but I saw it as an opportunity. I was the sole (and first) developer when I came onboard, and within a few years, I had a team. A decade later, and the entire company depends on my team on a daily basis, because we've automated tasks and provided tools for every department. Not to mention that I've broken company records for salary increases on multiple occasions throughout my journey here. So, maybe it was a little more work for me to get them to "get it" with regards to software development, but I did it. That said, I do understand that not everyone wants to have to put in that extra work, but it does feel damn good if you do.
Where does the US MSM and social media refusing to cover anything about Hunter Biden put us?
So, you are claiming that diverse (what does that even mean, racial, social, intellectual diversity?) neighbourhoods have more crime.

That's an interesting theory, are there sources which I can read up on around this theory and the evidence for it?
This might be the 'tail wagging the dog' but one of my criteria for a retirement location is the presence of fast, municipal broadband. My parents live maybe a quarter mile outside of the city limits, and all that's available is 5mb dsl.

ATT has made it plain that they would be more than happy if everyone on their street canceled their internet. They've stated the network my parents are on is legacy, won't be maintained and you can't sign up for it today.
the main difference is that a "minimum viable product" nowadays is basically just the product itself. It's hard for founders to distinguish between MVP and P when companies have such simple, growth-minded core ideas. Instead, this essay describes how to try as hard as possible to not build a product at all, and how that can lead to strong insights that precede engineering work.
The US doesnt have Political Leaders on the front lines willing to get arrested anymore.

They pander.

They collect Likes and Views.

That leads to irresistible personal payoffs and its game over.

The US political system is fubar.
Run away from Europe! It has no future. The place is too socialistic, that means lazy people will live taking money from the others. There is already an army of non-working people who gets social benefits for years or decades. The downfall of the EU is inevitable just like the downfall of the soviet union was inevitable. It is a construct that cannot exists for a prolonged period of time and will collapse some day.
You might be shocked how much true information is not peer-reviewed.
Nintendo 64 over S-Video
Tiff 2021 Part 1 – THE MORNING SHOW Season 2
So what? There are many more Nobel Prize winners who are vaccinated. Brilliance doesn't make you immune to stupidity.
The pedestrian stopped as soon as they saw the car suddenly veering towards them; not just once the driver intervened, as far as I can tell.

Whatever the hypothetical (it certainly might have missed the pedestrian, or made a last second emergency stop) - it suddenly veered towards a pedestrian that was already walking on the road, and that alone is absolutely not OK. Scaring the living daylights out of people isn't acceptable, even if you might not have killed them without an intervention. And let's be fair, if the pedestrian had not paid attention, and the driver neither, this certainly could have lead to an accident. Even if it were "just" an unexpected emergency stop; that itself isn't without risk.
> only 25 people in the UK under the age of 18 died last year from COVID!

> 15 had life-limiting or underlying conditions, including 13 living with complex neuro-disabilities

https://www.bbc.com/news/health-57766717

This is the (social) media tactic: remove the distinction between 'die with covid / die of covid', don't mention comorbidities, don't mention age, throw in a couple anecdotes of healthy people taken down by covid, and before long people believe that 10% of healthy children are going to die a covid unless we acquiesce to the most drastic measures in perpetuity. At the same time our sophisticated leaders throw large parties with no masks to keep greasing the corruption machine.
So you want database Version Control?
Hi HackerNews,

We did a short survey of your options for database version control. Our intent is to help database aficionados like yourself distinguish between "database migration tools" and "version controlled databases".

The blog goes into depth on Liquibase, Redgate Deploy, Planetscale, TerminusDB, and Dolt. It also touches on SCD (slowly changing dimension) and Temporal tables.

https://www.dolthub.com/blog/2021-09-17-database-version-control/

Link to it if you like it. The search results for "database version control" are not great.
Related to is the question of what it means for something to be alive. Carl Zimmer’s “Life’s Edge” is an interesting read