skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
For splicing together a bunch of different conversations, it sounds pretty methodical to me.

@ 8:14 AM, original ATC (Boston Center) loses contact, attempts to reestablish contact, alerts various parties of no radio flight, makes them aware its flying without transponder, and clears traffic on its presumed heading. There's a lot of work to search on radars to fix the plane's exact position.

@ 8:20, word comes in (from American) that confirms it's a hijacking, and related centers spin up to work that. Note, they're initially calculating endurance, given that hijackers typically want to fly somewhere.

@ 8:34, the local Air National Guard is alerted, with a heads up that an official request will be coming shortly.

@ 8:37, position is confirmed visually by another plane, with the hijacked plane descending.

@ 8:38, NORAD (NEADS) is officially contacted, to report the flight has been hijacked and requesting an intercept.

@ 8:41, military pilots are readying.

@ 8:47, the World Trade Center is on fire.

33 minutes, to react to a situation that hasn't really happened in American airspace for a long, long time (ever?).

The only gap I could fault all involved with would be somehow expecting the unexpected -- that plane hijackers wouldn't be interested in flying the plane to safety, but would instead intentionally fly it into a building.

If that had been in the realm of considered possibilities, I assume fighters would have been scrambled much earlier.

Edit: Casting about for an analogy.

Imagine I called you up one morning, and I told you that you needed to have a VP or higher in your company authorize an action that might have serious legal ramifications, and needed to be coordinated with VP+ counterparts in 2 separate companies you've had some dealing with.

We'll even put aside uncertainty and doubt. You trust me, and want to make it happen.

Where do you think we'd be in 33 minutes?
My recent tests with -Os resulted in distinctly negative effects on performance.

But the main problem with -Os is that it is poorly exercised. The best-exercised modes are -O0 and -O2, so those are the ones to use in production.
Propane can be used as a refrigerant. It is cheap and performs reasonably well. The obvious downside is flammability. In the US the total charge for a propane fridge or AC is limited to 150 grams of propane. That is a rather small window unit.

I think propane had to wait for precision manufacturing to be commoditized before it could be tolerated in living spaces. Leaking propane around switching electrical equipment can end badly.
China opens first plant that will turn nuclear waste into glass for safer strage
https://archive.is/2XZmR
Subscribed! They do seem like good channels.
Ask HN: What important questions should businesses be able to answer?
This is a question for people running real businesses (not side projects). What are some important questions do you think businesses (not just startups) be able to answer? I want questions that are not on the YC application.

Off the top of my head:

1. What's your revenue model

2. What's your business model

3. What's the value you are providing (be tangible)

4. How do you measure this value

5. What measures other than revenue and users indicates you are on the right track

6. How do you know the value is wrong?
What I took this to mean is that this company will not be tied to any nation's military complex or government funding.

I'm eager to learn what Woz means by this.

All I could find so far was this:

> a 3D printing site reported Wozniak's company appeared to be using a printer for high-strength titanium — and suggested the company might have something to do with cleaning up space junk. [0]

[0] https://3dprint.com/283866/apples-steve-wozniak-to-clean-up-...

"Not like the others" could also allude to it being a company that removes junk from space instead of putting it there.
What we think of as the speed of light could also be thought of as the rate at which change propagates throughout the universe. The rate at which cause and effect travel.
>there is a certain set of preconceived ideas about what an economy must be, as if based on something natural or immutable.

Because it is. Human biological impulses are the basis of all economic activity, and they are natural and immutable. Yes, they're malleable to a point, but only to a point.

Until we start either genetically/pharmacalogically engineering the human mind or replacing all humans with AIs, you simply can't have an economy where, say, socially isolated meth heads are a dominant political and economic elite.

>So, North American slavery might be a counterexample to your farmers. All of the slaves' output was seized, yet they worked with an industry well beyond what any modern economic optimization incentive could evoke.

Really? How many of the slaves developed new agricultural technology, reduced waste through novel management techniques or selectively bred new forms of plants and animals in order to make their masters' farms more productive? The only one I've heard of was Edmond Albius, and from all accounts he had a very unusual relationship with his master (more master-apprentice than master-slave).
Compare state of the art super resolution models
Thanks, going to take a look
This is a good point... But I'm pretty sure this stuff was not filmed in flash.
I for one welcome the butt caps.
Our COVID response has been fantastic, no curb-stomping of human rights.

What kind of mediocre treatment of women? Banning the murder of babies?

No idea what you mean by the treatment of non-white folks, everyone here is pretty friendly.

Voter ID is a basic requirement for any functional democratic system, so honestly we respect the process more than many states.

Our electrical grid works just fine, the February storm was a once in a lifetime event, and most of the issues were with things like power lines simply never having been built with prolonged sub-zero degree conditions in mind - which, given your comment about it being "hot as blazes" is a pretty reasonable assumption to make when constructing the grid.
I believe hypertension was consistently found to be a big risk factor. Not sure if anyone has controlled for those on ACE inhibitors or not.
Recipients of the GitHub Open Source Grants and GitHub Sponsors Now
Exactly. I once saw a quote from an accountant: "Don't tell me your priorities. Show me your budget and I'll tell you your priorities."

Even utter sociopaths know not to talk like they don't give a shit about anybody else. The social consequences for that are too high. So if we want to understand what people care about, we can't just go with their claims about their motivations. We have to look at where they put in the work.
What? You think Dick Cheney was the only shareholder of the major military manufacturers and suppliers who would (literally) make a killing after 9/11?
Speak for yourself! Back in the day my dorm fridge was an ammonia absorption unit. No compressor. Absolutely silent. Loved it. Perfect when living in 80 square feet.
I am also not following whatever point you are trying to make or how it relates to the person you are responding to. It has nothing to do with liking or disliking your stance, but simply with your stance or idea not being presented clearly.
Why do you think loyalty is too high? I would have guessed just from the sheer number of people working in gov, there are probably dozens of resentful people of not hundreds/thousands.
> It's also interesting that how unlikely this book is.

"No Wall Too High" by Xu Hongci is another unlikely excellent story of a man escaping from communist China. He's imprisoned multiple times and ends up escaping to eventually marry a woman from Mongolia. Then in the Deng era he settles again in Shanghai and publishes his story in Chinese. Later this manuscript was discovered via his surviving wife, translated to English and published in 2017.

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01HMNETEA/ref=dp-kindle-redirect?...
Yes, it replaces PulseAudio and Jack. Its goal is to provide a single audio daemon that can serve both consumer applications (where power consumption is typically most important) and pro applications (where latency is most important). Currently those are served by PulseAudio and Jack, so it's very exciting to have a single service that can cover both use cases.

It also replaces part of ALSA, which is two things: the kernel interface to talk to audio devices, and a set of user libraries on top of that interface. PipeWire still uses the former, but has its own, better API for the latter (in addition to supporting ALSA, PulseAudio, and Jack APIs).
>So you're okay with increasingly stricter subversion of freedom, because you've consumed media fear-mongering about the pandemic. The pandemic is not deadly enough to justify building a totalitarian regime.

How dangerous do you think covid is? Is it just a common cold like the recipient of the highest civilian award in the US said? [1] Or just a flu like Fox News kept saying[2]?

Are these scenes in Russia[3] and India[4] made up, or are those acceptable when only a fraction of people were infected, and no lockdowns would mean a much worse situation?

[1] https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/feb/25/rush-limbaug...

[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NAh4uS4f78o

[3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kbNGR7XjrY

[4] https://youtube.com/watch?v=D0Y1YakG60s
fwiw the commercial asset management product I did data stuff for always quoted it by month so that's what I was talking.
Sure, light is slowed down when it travels through different substances. That's why we have refraction.
Sure, but that comes later. All serious discussions about rights involve balancing the practical consequences of different rights. But the two concepts of freedom are still quite distinct.
WTC 7 was on fire for about 5 hours, with about 7 or 8 floors on fire as a result of WTC 1/2 debris crashing into the building and starting fires. It wasn't helped by the water mains failing due to the collapse of WTC 1/2, which meant the sprinklers failed in the lower portion of the building.
For those using Python, we just got our Python bindings for Pixie up onto pip. Repo here https://github.com/treeform/pixie-python

It's extremely fresh but our tests are working so consider giving it a try.

For those interested in Nim's meta-programming, we're generating those Python bindings for Pixie from our Nim code using https://github.com/treeform/genny here https://github.com/treeform/pixie/blob/master/bindings/bindi...
More languages in the works.
Modern software and the Internet have democratized the pastime of spotting plagiarism and data fabrication. A couple of other prominent examples are Dissernet in Russia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissernet) and Elisabeth Bik (https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/eye-for-manipulat...).
This.

It is quite easy to steer clear of unsafe constructs, and is less work. The people who trigger footguns are mostly those trying to code as if they were still coding C. Their code is typically slower, too.
That's sort of the tacit agreement here in America. Countless hospital wings, university buildings, etc., are the result of private donors who made it big and felt like giving back. Again, if I got rich, I'd give so much and wouldn't need a name on it. I just genuinely believe in the agreement.
Sorry to shit on your sacred cow, but you mean overpaid. For babysitting.

The education children get in public schools is abysmal.

Good teachers that actually educate are exceedingly rare.

The education requirements for teachers is a sick joke. If you get a master's degree in underwater basket weaving, have a tolerance for noise, you join a teacher's union, work 9 months out of the year, get weeks of holidays, get virtue by association, a retirement, and are basically employed for life. Unfireable.

The reason teachers aren't paid more is because what they do isn't worth paying them more.

Some of the smarter ones move to private schools, but more of the good ones burn out and either leave, or stop giving a shit. Formalized regurgitation and pavlovian schedule training prepares kids for 9 to 5 bullshit. Barely. The rest is hit and miss on a garbled curriculum of mostly irrelevant filler and fluff.

You can't continue inflicting the bullshit teachers on the good ones, or on the kids. Unions have to end for certain classes of employment, but especially teaching. A vast majority of teachers need to be canned and kicked to the curb.

Kids deserve better, and that starts with honestly addressing the problem in the classroom.
My definition of adequate is different than my employers.
The amount of anti-US things I can say as a US citizen is astounding. News and media has pretty much no fear of criticizing the US gov.
It's a combination of capital paid from shareholders holding fully paid shares (i.e. shares that were paid in full when issued - for example, when shareholders buy new shares in capital raising rounds) and retained earnings.
Neuralink Update – September 2021
That is not exactly true. Legislation like the Patriot Act or anti-child trafficking measures get bilateral support.
I’m not sure what presents a more real threat between nuclear war and climate change, and I’m hoping to learn through discussion
That’s a normal looking distribution for a support job.

The DBA made the mistake of thinking that his job was to administer the database, when in fact the real job is to support the worst of the worst pain-in-the-ass developers.
> S&P500 market cap as a percentage of GDP has grown by 2.75x since the late 80s, whereas CEOs are paid ~5x more relative to the average worker in that time.

Yeah. That's only part of the explanation for the observation.

However, looking at it as a percentage of GDP is flawed and leads to an understatement of the effect. We need to look at it after adjusting for inflation only, since all that matters is how big these companies are in the absolute after applying the fixed threshold cutoff of 500. If you're normalizing by GDP, you're not comparing apples with apples when doing a temporal comparison.

> economy-wide CEOs are paid much more relative to ordinary workers than they used to be.

That's right, and I outlined some of the reasons for that, such as commodification of domestic lower skilled labor due to globalization and technology.

> tight correlation between CEO pay and stock market caps, which means that CEOs aren't being paid more because they're doing a particularly good job.

This hinges on how we define a "good job".

If I'm the CEO of a small accounting firm, at best my decision making can improve profits by $1 million. If I'm the CEO of Apple, my decision making can improve profits by billions. That extreme leverage afforded by large companies is why one person can be paid so much money.

The other aspect is supply and demand. Running Apple is not as easy as running a small accounting firm. The supply of people capable of doing that is much less. Hence the higher compensation.

There's also selection effects we need to consider. Tim Cook is significantly more skilled than a randomly chosen CEO amongst small companies. Just like Michael Jordan is more skilled than a randomly chosen team captain from high school teams. It would be inaccurate to say that Michael Jordan isn't better than some randomly chosen team captain, just as it's inaccurate to say that Tim Cook isn't making superior decisions to some randomly chosen CEO from a small company.

> Everyone else who takes home less money as a result, loses.

This zero-sum mindset is just not accurate. If Tim Cook gets paid $500 million and his decision making leads to $50 billion in extra benefit for the org compared to what a second-best CEO could have brought in, then the org has gained $49.5 billion in excess value. Your mindset is that the org (and the people inside it) have lost ~$500 million without considering the unique value add that makes it worthwhile and win-win for everyone. If the board didn't think that Tim Cook was adding unique value above his compensation, then they would give him a pay cut or hired someone cheaper.
This "9 out of the last 5" quote is the deadest of beaten horses on HN. It shows up at least once a week here, and it is written with such smugness and unoriginality that it makes even dad jokes funny by comparison.

Let's cut to the chase and make a bot that posts "9 out of the last 5 recessions, hyuk!" on every post remotely related to finance and be done with it. It is the furthest thing from a substantive comment; it is a recycled low-effort joke in the style of reddit.
The problem is, you can’t poll society every time you need to decide the correct moral that applies. So you have to use your judgment, or in other words, ask yourself (aka be creative, effectively what asking God would accomplish assuming God doesn’t really exist).
Exactly - that timeline diverged sometime in 1945.
The idea that someone snuck in thousands of rounds of ammunition and a few dozen fully automatic rifles into a casino with thousands of people and employees without any of the thousands of people who work and guests in it noticing as a backup to an already elaborate plan to shoot up a country concert. Weird that the Saudis were there too.
I don't know why this was submitted to HN, since it has nothing at all to do with technology etc. But still, what a horrific thing.
For sure. And there are plenty more. Freedom to vote, freedom of religious belief, freedom of speech, freedom of association, freedom of movement, freedom of thought. And then a bunch of freedom from. Freedom from slavery, from torture, from violence, from workplace exploitation, from domestic abuse.
And the reason that it makes them more money is because that is exactly what the algorithm is designed to encourage and what it pays out the most for.

If we were still in the era where feeds were just a chronological list of posts by people you're subscribed to, that might be a little different.

But the feed is manipulated by algorithms that dump any non-toxic things away into obscurity while upranking and featuring the most controversial things in order to get more engagement. That's by design.
And you commuting increases congestion for everyone else. And you buying food makes food more expensive for everyone else. So what. You honestly can't distinguish between this and pouring lead into the atmosphere? This seems like some demagoguery fetish at best.
I didn't compare flu with Covid. I responded about the experience described as "worst bouts of flu" to give perspective to that experience by itself. Many people have never had a flu that lasted like that. Hearing that it happens is interesting. In particular, someone thinks it's just a few days off work, and I know some people in the US don't have enough permitted sick days to be sick for a month.

I think comparing two situations and calling the different responses to them "incongruous" implies the comparison is intended to be about something you think is appropriate. (And I think it's an inappropriate comparison, because Covid and flu are sufficiently different.) Otherwise the comparison is pointless. Perhaps I should have written "appropriately incongruous" instead of "inappropriately", though; the multiple negatives seem to get confusing around that sort of language, especially across continents.
No one mentioned Franz that integrates a boat load of chat services into one desktop window??? Been using it for years.
Correct.

It's also mentioned once in A Theory of Moral Sentiments, and in the posthumously published Essays on Philosophical Subjects, a book on astronomy. In both it's clear from context that the "invisible hand" is some unknown mechanism, and not an explanation, but a statement of ignorance. "The invisible hand of God" would be a more common contemporaneous phrase, in the sense of a Creator and Organiser of the Universe, though Smith as with Hume seems to have been largely non-Deistic.

From Moral Sentiments:

The produce of the soil maintains at all times nearly that number of inhabitants which it is capable of maintaining. The rich only select from the heap what is most precious and agreeable. They consume little more than the poor, and in spite of their natural selfishness and rapacity, though they mean only their own conveniency, though the sole end which they propose from the labours of all the thousands whom they employ, be the gratification of their own vain and insatiable desires, they divide with the poor the produce of all their improvements. They are led by an invisible hand to make nearly the same distribution of the necessaries of life, which would have been made, had the earth been divided into equal portions among all its inhabitants, and thus without intending it, without knowing it, advance the interest of the society, and afford means to the multiplication of the species.

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Theory_of_Moral_Sentiment...

Gavin Kennedy's scholarship on the Invisible Hand question is the best I've found. See his paper here: (freely available PDF download):

https://econjwatch.org/articles/adam-smith-and-the-invisible...

https://econjwatch.org/File+download/252/2009-05-kennedy-wat...

Gavin Kennedy's blog also has futher discussion: http://adamsmithslostlegacy.blogspot.com/

(Kennedy himself died in 2019.)

There are two other occurrences of "invisible" in Wealth of Nations, both occurring in discussion of warfare:

[T]he noise of firearms, the smoke, and the invisible death to which every man feels himself every moment exposed as soon as he comes within cannon-shot, and frequently a long time before the battle can be well said to be engaged, must render it very difficult to maintain any considerable degree of this regularity, order, and prompt obedience, even in the beginning of a modern battle. In an ancient battle there was no noise but what arose from the human voice; there was no smoke, there was no invisible cause of wounds or death. Every man, till some mortal weapon actually did approach him, saw clearly that no such weapon was near him.

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Wealth_of_Nations/Book_V/...
I read this book, it was truly jaw dropping to see the "Guanxi" system at work.

From what I could tell, there is a whole system of unwritten rules about how different political factions could collect their "percentage", how these factions compete with each other and eliminate each other and so on.

In a way, it is efficient because everyone who matters (i.e. princelings who control the CCP) has an incentive to "play the game". It is efficient because there are no nasty courts to slow you down, you don't have to deal with the lowest bidder nonsense - it all comes down to connections. The party credibility and the need hold power serves as a very powerful check on the system to prevent the system from becoming too blatantly corrupt and keeps the system going.

But if you aren't someone who matters - i.e. a princeling, you will be forever on the outside looking in.
I have a pair of big, deep, wooden lacquered coffee mugs (I think they're actually meant for tea or soup) that I got on a trip to Japan. I'd always wanted a wooden mug but the ones I found online were super bulky and expensive, on that trip I just happened to stumble into a store with all kinds of wooden dishware and bought them.

Some of the lacquer is flaking off from use and age (this was probably 6-7 years ago when I got them and I use the EVERY DAY) and I don't want to replace them but find a way to get them re-lacquered, maybe on a future trip back post-COVID shenanigans.
Are the families, friends and supporters of Snowden constantly harassed or threatened by the US government?
You need to spend equal amounts of energy and time on both acceleration and deceleration. It doesn’t help to go fast if you can’t stop at where you are going.
Epstein would be a better comparison