skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yes, I think a coup implies that it was perpetrated by people already in government, such as the military, or an opposition party. A riot by the populace that aims to violently remove or influence the government is more properly called an insurrection, a la the French Revolution.

People already part of the government could be involved in triggering an insurrection, such as with the Jacobins involved in the Insurrection of 1792, but it still counts as an insurrection and not a coup because it is carried out by the population, not by forces working for the government, such as assassins or the military.
You know what else happened in 1971?

The top marginal tax rate in the US dropped from 90% in 1963 to 30% in 1983. The bottom tax rate was 0% in the 1970s and it's now 10%. A compression of 70%. [2] The estate tax went from 80% to 30% by 2010 [4], and is now roughly speaking eliminated (the exemption is now almost $12M) [3]. The minimum wage went from an inflation-adjusted $12 to today's $7.25 [5]. This all while the tools of social mobility (education, health care) were allowed to run way in excess of inflation in the US. Way in excess.

[edit] Union participation went from 25% in the 1970s to 10% today and the wage growth is almost perfectly inversely proportional to union participation. [6] Check out the wage distribution on page 12.

None of this is monetary policy, it's 100% social policy. That's why inequality started to really accelerate. If you decide that the rich should keep 7X more of their take home pay, yeah, they get richer. If you decide the rich should be able to pass on their estates to their kids tax-free, their kids get richer. If you make education harder to obtain, the already-rich have a leg up. If you make healthcare impossible to obtain, the already-rich don't die.

If you want to reduce inequality advocate for unions, advocate for inflation-adjusted minimum wage, pegged at a notional $15/hr and kill the tipped minimum wage of $2.13/hr. Advocate for socialized medicine. Advocate for free college. Advocate for all the shit that Europeans have. Advocate for more meaningful progressive taxation, increasing the top end and bringing the bottom end below zero. Bring back a 90% estate tax. Bring in mandatory sick leave and 6 months of paid mat/pat leave!

Check out the Europe vs. US graph on Page 6 [1]. Europe is also centrally banked, and also exited the gold standard by 1973.

Correlation != causation.

Your cause is noble but you're tilting at wrong windmills Quixote! :) None of this changes under hard money!

This is the outcome of 50 years of ultra-conservative social policies.

[1] https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/economy-financ...

[2] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Historical_Marginal_...

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estate_tax_in_the_United_State...

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estate_tax_in_the_United_State...

[5] https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/01/04/5-facts-abo...

[6] https://www.hamiltonproject.org/papers/the_shift_in_private_...
This is wrong.

If you’re building an early stage consumer startup in the US, you should launch first on iOS period. Use that starting point to iterate rapidly to figure out product-market fit and then launch Android.

There is a reason you see the best consumer companies take this route and it’s not because they’re poor at arithmetic.
Profitability is a good measure of how sustainable a business is. It's an objective measurement.
That doesn't make sense. If it's impossible no one can do it.
Sure, but you can also examine recent US defense proposals / thinktank wonks gaming out indo pacific strategy, i.e. AGILE deployment in Japan, hosting IRBMs in region. The overwhelming pattern and prevailing consensus for those that follow the space is that despite proposals being aspirational / borderline geopolitical fantasy, US blobs aren't even pretending to pursue strategies that explicitly defend TW anymore. Force balance has changed so much with PRC military modernization that US simply cannot defend TW against PRC off her shores. So much so that it's barely worth speculating anymore. Focus is on containing PRC which =/= defending TW. Entirely different propositions that normies still try to conflate with TW defense.
Cuz when u have as much market power as Apple, you don’t really have a choice in granting someone market access to your platform. A refusal is potential grounds for a antitrust case. Assuming ofcourse, epic stays within the lines of apple’s other rules which hasn’t been challenged in court.
This is pretty much true- except the talk is actually in about 13 hours for now. I wanted to have the article ready as a companion piece as soon as the talk was done and opted to post it a couple of days early so that I wouldn’t need to worry about it and could enjoy the rest of the conference.
"... because there are people who will hate you for it."

Pretty much true of any job depending on the audience. Even my shitty job would probably have some haters.
I actually agree with this much. Explaining monads before explaining a lot of concrete examples of monads is putting the cart before the horse, and is where a lot of these tutorials go wrong (https://m50d.github.io/2013/01/16/generic-contexts is my own effort at taking the opposite approach). But calling something a functor when it isn't is extremely unhelpful; the whole point of using a special-purpose term like functor is to be very precise about what it is and isn't, and to avoid intuitions that would be misleading.
https://web.archive.org/web/20210910012837/https://tmpfiles....
Upvoting just for naming the names.
Yeah I mean because that's rational, reasonable and totally normal behavior.

Plainly put: suggesting people kill themselves is a shitty thing to do, in any context. Please don't.
If you actually care about people being able to find the switch language button, use flags. Usability trumps correctness here.
Probably just a hint that the Ventura county medical examiners office is understaffed.
Do you genuinely believe that laws that try to separate criticize versus insult can work?

I can't see anything other than laws like that being abused by politicians and government officials to quell speech and create a chilling effect amongst the populace.
Deng was actually in the middle between the hardliners and reformists, from accounts I've read. He wasn't officially head of the party anymore, and there was stalemate for a few days about how to handle the protests before Deng finally weighed in with 'enough is enough'.
If I were to work there, I'd have be completely afraid to express any opinion outside of my scope of work, and I'd completely nuke my social media accounts and history to the full extent possible. I'd be in it for the money, only.
I absolutely think this is nitpicky, and a perfect demonstration of the pedantry I'm talking about:

> Array.prototype.map is not monadic. The signature of the callback is `(T, number, Array<T>) => U`, which is most certainly not unary (and for that matter, using JS to illustrate FP is fundamentally problematic since JS isn't side-effect-free to begin with).

The unspoken understanding in the OP is that we're only using .map() in the single-argument form. The author makes it clear that only a function with a single argument counts for their definition, and I feel there's also an implicit understanding that that function has to be pure.

The fact that JavaScript technically lets you break both of these assumptions is entirely beside the point. For the sake of teaching, this idealized case is carved out for the example, and I for one had no misconceptions resulting from the relevant quirks of JS. We aren't writing a bullet-proof type system here, we're learning about concepts.
Part of me wants a job with prestige just so I can acrew with the pompous people. Like if I had a doctorate - just call me by first name. Oh, this guy's an asshole - that's Dr x to you.
Hands up if you've never actually seen FP out in the wild doing something.

Not saying it's not out there or useful - just saying that after 20 years I'm yet to come across it once.
Of course they form a monoid with concatenation, but it's not the monoid that makes the monad (which should be pretty obvious since concatenation is not used in the monad operations for arrays).
Our current Mexican president has a very good grasp of social network manipulation. His critics were swiftly met with insults, profanity, or simply with offensive pictures, but now they have become more subtle. Their accounts got progressively harder to differentiate from common users because they appear to have other interests besides politics, even if pro-regime politics is the bulk of their content.

People need to relearn that something being on the Internet doesn't mean it's true, or even that it comes from a real person.
Biden Will Announce Vaccine Mandate for Companies with 100 Employees
I’m honestly intrigued by this attitude, and it’s shared by so many people. What is it you consider creepy? Always having a camera ready? That’s already the case with everyone having smartphones. Is it being “secretly” recorded? Because that again seems more likely to happen with people hiding or covering smartphones that are filming than someone starring directly at you.
New Engines Could Propel the B-52 Beyond Its 100th Birthday
A functor is a type constructor with a map operation (that obeys composition and identity), similar to how a group is a set with an operation. (And similarly, we casually talk about the type as though it were the functor, just as we talk about the set as though it were the group; if someone says "the Option functor" that's a slight abuse of notation in the same way as "the group of integers").
typo, second mention of endofunctor
A supply chain catastrophe is brewing in the US
Concurrency in Python with FastAPI
As another commenter pointed out, it looks like it's against German law to insult anyone, not just politicians.

If only politicians were protected from insult, I don't think that would be compatible with democracy at all.
Milkweed Butterflies Are More Murderous Than They Look
Possibly inspired by https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/a/3790
The best advice about cryptography also happens to work for cryptocurrency

Never roll your own.
Title should be updated to match the original: "Pest" v. 0xFE

"vs." being an abbreviation for versus carries an entirely different meaning than the intended version.
Not exactly dynamically - both a monad and a functor have to be a kind of "function" from type to type. The most common kind is a generic type with one type parameter. (e.g. you can see "List" as the "constructor" that takes "String" to "List<String>", takes "Int" to "List<Int>" and so on)
> The subtle difference is offense vs. defense.

China got antsy, and vociferously complained about plans for the US to supply South Korea with advanced radar defense system (THAAD)[1], which China contended would extend into Chinese airspace. Radar, which is on paper, purely for defense. Nukes will be 2+ orders of magnitude worse.

1. https://www.uscc.gov/research/chinas-response-us-south-korea...
Ask HN: How do we get Google and Twitter to use href attributes again?
I keep finding new places where Google and Twitter use <button> elements or <a> elements with an onclick handler instead of an href attribute; see this example on a search result page:

https://i.imgur.com/MjyoyJr.png

and this example on Google Maps:

https://twitter.com/beaugunderson/status/1428011803179507715

and this example on Twitter's trending topics:

https://twitter.com/beaugunderson/status/1428441375444377601

There are probably many reasons to care about this but mine is that I want to cmd-click more than one result at a time to open them in tabs and I can't do that if they don't have hrefs.

While I don't use a screen reader it seems like a worse experience because of this if one does:

https://a11y-101.com/design/button-vs-link
https://naga.co.za/2020/03/13/links-vs-buttons/

It's become a truism that Google only fixes things when they appear on HN and whichever PM is responsible notices them; here's hoping that happens here.
> Korea is probably the most fanatical about gaming

But Fortnite has never cared about Korea, most of the fanaticism on gaming is for PC games (mobile non-casual games were never big), and Fortnite has never even had any relevance here.

As a Korean, it feels very, very bitter and spiteful for Epic to mention Korea like this. As if... Epic has ever thought of Korea as a somewhat meaningful market for Fortnite.
For those who support this: would you also support a similar initiative to mandate a healthy workforce with a weekly mandatory fitness test or proof of completed exercise to be allowed into the office?
the act of coming up with hypotheses and then testing them is kinda how knowledge is generated, though. and often it can be effectively done by people who aren't thoroughly knowledgeable in a subject, especially as a means to becoming such
I'm sure it affects more people than that. Not everyone who experiences this bug is going to create an account on the ubuntu launchpad platform and write a comment about it
Some of the Secret Police Contractors Who Are Waging War on Freedom of the Press
100 years old and actually useful should be a point of pride, once we’re past the species-wide shame at needing war machines.
The narrative against him is his refusal to adopt better policies. He wants to be seen as supporting M4A but when it's all done and dusted, he doesn't. That alone will prevent me from giving him a second look. We must look to redistributive policies. If an M4A proposal has flaws, for instance, the discussion needs to be focused 100% on closing those specific gaps. Because the problem is poor distribution of wealth and resources and no sign this will change without intervention.

In my opinion a candidate must at bare minimum correctly identify issues and not be afraid to name the unbridled solutions.
What's state without mutation? If something is immutable then you can't tell the difference between a value and a copy of that value, so the question of whether it's "state" is rather meaningless.
I would say the person you're responding to didn't come in "guns blazing". They seemed legitimately eager to learn, and expressed gratitude that the person that wrote the blog post used language they could understand.

Now, I would say you showing up and openly disparaging both the blog and the person you responded to qualifies as "guns blazing".
Are you talking about Cheney swearing at Durban? I don't recall him facing any consequences. All I remember is some pearl clutching about it and then nothing else. I don't think he even broke any senate rules, as the senate was not in session at the time he swore. Since then, public swearing and insults by US politicians seems to have only increased.
Purch (TH's owner) talking about the relationship between Intel and TH:
http://archive.is/9oxp2

Plenty of people agreeing with me on various forums:
https://www.google.com/search?q=tomshardware+biased+-inurl%3...
The vaccine reportedly can also trigger a more severe immune response in people who already have naturally-acquired antibodies.

Try to find good statistics on the rates and severity of adverse reactions for people who have already have COVID. I've had very little success.
Noether's theorem [1] says particles vs. fields are the same thing. So "yes" to both.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noether%27s_theorem
It is explained, although in very general terms. Exercise is used to stimulate the body’s “countermeasures” (my word) against neuro-degeneration. Squats are called out here for a few reasons: They’re relatively easy for most people to do, and they seem to do a good job of triggering the “countermeasures”, as best as they can tell.

This is not a prescription to drop your exercise routine and only do squats, it’s really just pointing out that squats are a good first choice for sedentary people who want to keep their brains healthy.
> No need for Fox. There's a jillion hours of raw video out there.

Fox news viewers post Fox news quality videos, friend.

> In any case, I don't care if they tear up Portland or any other urban area.

You clearly care, in that you brought up Fox-news fascist propaganda about Portland.
Others have already mentioned it, but Gödel's incompleteness theorem doesn't need a book-length treatment. My undergraduate mathematical logic class covered the proof in a little more than a week.
A few days ago I ended up reading through this entire thread from January 2020 with predictions for the upcoming decade, it was a LOT of reading - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21941278

There were almost zero entries about the pandemic that changed life as less than 3 months later.

The ability to predict the future just doesn't exist. Take the general advice about how to be more resilient, that stuff will age fairly well... but don't buy into any predictions of doom on a specific date, etc. That kind of worry doesn't do any good.

If you want fellow travelers who are also worried, you'll find them there to hang out with.
Japan would care a lot if China made a move on Taiwan. They recently strengthened defense ties there.

Wouldn't just be the U.S.

Oh, and two of the above mentioned countries have real blue water navies that can go anywhere to cut supply lines like say, oil from the Middle East. One does not.
It's not an artificial barrier, you just didn't learn anything useful yet. So now you know what the words mean, but they mean super mundane stuff that you've probably dealt with a hundred times. You already knew how to use map and array concatenation before you even heard of the word monad.

There's some magic to these words, but that magic is in how they're used to create new software, real things you can do with them that are easier to talk about when you've got single words for the concepts instead of vague descriptions.

People in Haskell do things like having concatenating to an array be the same syntax as executing two statements sequentially. That's sort of weird, and probably useless, but the whole idea that two sequential statements are basically a monadic operation over the state of your computer, and maybe over the entire world was a new idea in the 90s and it captured something in the formal domain that we hadn't really captured as well before I believe.

edit: I'm not trying to convince you that monads are important or even useful in general, I hope it doesn't come across that way. My favourite programming languages don't have monads as a fundamental concept, Haskell fell from my list a couple years ago. It's an interesting way of thinking about types and computing and I think that makes it more interesting than just a bunch of dense definitions for mysterious looking names.
Not For You – An automated confusion system for TikTok (2020)
I definitely sleep longer the night after a good workout. Not sure if that's universal?
Funny how people become obsessed with specific movements, specific exercise styles, etc. I’ve done it all including becoming obsessed with Mark Rippetoe and the derivatives, cardio like running and mountain biking, swimming 2km a day (80 lengths) etc. The one thing that has absolutely transformed my life is yoga. No more back pain, insane strength I never had, no more injuries from eg lifting a 100 lbs propane tank at an awkward angle onto a truck, and unbelievable mental clarity and focus. I do it daily for 30 mins. Never been to a class. I got into it via the 3 week yoga retreat program on the Beachbody app. Been doing it for about 4 years now. Takes about a year or two to fully realize the benefits.
I very much agree with part of your point, especially the novice-intermediate-expert part on jargon. I generally favor wording that is as simple as possible, but no simpler. Sometimes technical precision is important, and when talking to colleagues and other people that are on a similar technical proficiency level as me I prefer concise and informative words. I'd rather say "ARP poisoning" than "network attack", because the latter loses information, but would obviously use the latter to muggles.

I don't agree that having a domain jargon that is technical and concise is "gatekeeping" for functional programming. If you are a frontend developer you need to know what the DOM is. If you are a Haskell programmer you need to know what a monad is. The fact that you don't get the Haskell jargon "for free" coming from other programming disciplines doesn't mean that it's "gated", it just means you need to learn. And there are plentiful resources to help you with that, countless "how to understand monads" articles and so on. In my experience, the Haskell community is perhaps the single most welcoming and helpful programming community. There's even a handy guide with big, friendly drawings.
It often makes me very mad that so much gatekeeping has been sown into programming circles through the invention of pointlessly-obfuscated terminology for everything. Programmers are really arrogant most of the time, they dont want to teach beginners their craft so they just make everything difficult on purpose. They are like medieval priests yada yada.

Does what I write above bother you at all? Do you feel that it apply to you and programmers in general? Because that is the kind of generalization you are doing to another group of programmers.

I see a lot of functional programmers spending a lot of time trying to teach others. I also see a lot of people not wanting to spend any time learning so they just talk down on functional programmers, and I think its unnecessary.
Imagine ebola with a 14 day incubation time... that could end civilization fairly quickly. Covid could still mutate into that.
The law isn't even active yet, to say nothing of retroactive.
It just only passed the National Assembly (i.e. Congress), not even announced by the government. It probably won't happen, but theoretically the government can reject the law as well.
Yeah I read it. Thats why I said that bit about infinite economic growth. I felt that by saying that exponential heat growth is probably sigmoid I was somehow validating the notion of infinite growth, which I think sometime in an unforeseeable future will just plateau.
> instead you're building a container (a monad) of instructions of what side effect having operations to do, and what should be done with the results. The Haskell runtime then takes this monad and unwraps it layer by layer, each layer executing the side effect having instruction and using the results of the side effects as input for unwrapping the next layer.

Note that this is the implementation of a specific monad - not all monads are like that. Many monads are not containers, and some can't be "unwrapped" at all.

> Note that the effect of this system is exactly the same as a language that does have side effects. They are functionally identical. The nicety of Haskell's purity comes from how the monads allow you to organize your code.

You might enjoy "the C language is purely functional": http://conal.net/blog/posts/the-c-language-is-purely-functio... . The useful part of purity is that the pure form of Haskell has some interesting algebraic structure (in particular there are a lot of ways to refactor code while preserving its semantics), whereas the pure form of C or javascript does not have many equivalence laws.

> By the way, not sure if this is controversial but JavaScript's I/O system is a lot like the I/O monad. I/O doesn't really get executed immediately, and you can't directly operate on the results of I/O. The runtime executes the I/O after all JavaScript's been executed, and you use callbacks to tell the runtime to do whenever the I/O data returns.

I think you're conflating interface and implementation here. Javascript I/O is implemented similarly to Haskell I/O in some ways, yes. But the interesting part of Haskell's I/O isn't the implementation, it's the (pure) API that it uses, and Javascript has nothing like that.