skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Types are the cheapest semantic documentation you can write

They are not.

Unfortunately, especially Haskell world seems to think they replace documentation, that's why so much of "documentation" for a lot of Haskell libs are just a dump of types with no explanation of what they mean, how they interact, what the functions using them do, or how they can be used.

> they're notes to future contributors/yourself about how a program works

They are not. Types do not describe how a program works.

> so they/you don't have to reverse engineer code that was written a while ago in order to modify it with confidence.

Yes, you will have to reverse engineer code that was written a while ago. Because types only describe, well, types. You code contains logic. And logic is the hardest part to understand.

Personal anecdote: worked on a system that was transitioning from original ad-hoc implementation to a better designed one. Some functions would accept a Person. Others would accept a Contact. Why? How to convert between the two? What are the differences? What was behind the decision? Why did `is_empty(new_contact())` returned `false`? And so on.

Thank god it had types, right? No need to reverse engineer.
Show HN: Stay Up-to-Date with GitHub
>this is only as secure as a users password which 99% of the time is trivially crackable

Are you talking about the WhatsApp backup scheme? I think the HSM should theoretically make even a weak password mostly uncrackable.
That’s just Java EE (now Jakarta) and Spring (when deployed to an application server). And indeed, these were containers before they were cool, with DB connections, pooling, it can connect to messaging services, etc. plus gives an environment where classes can easily do dependency injection, transactions, concurrency and many other things.
Meh that’s my personal viewpoint. I hire based on merit, not life choices.
I am familiar with this process at most of the companies in question. No, it is not a huge percentage; to the contrary, it's very difficult for contractors to become full-time employees.
It's funny because I don't think you're lacking citations in your argument; but I think that people aren't asking you the right questions either.

Different work environments would certainly facilitate different kinds of needs. For example if you worked in an office that was primarily sales or human interfacing, such as an insurance broker, then you'd certainly see no measurable performance benefits from private offices.

On the other hand, if you were working in an office whose primary product was science research or deep engineering, you might.

Big companies like Google were early proponents of open plan, but have begun reintroducing walls because they've seen the productivity benefits for their employees.

As for 2-3x increases, or even 15-30% increases, I think this belies the fact that so much of what knowledge workers do is challenging to measure.

I've met people who think that a programmer must be producing lines of code, or be typing away, but some of the best development I've seen doesn't involve programming at a computer at all, but writing things down on a whiteboard, time spent thinking, reading, absorbing knowledge and producing high quality solutions.

This makes the job of quantifying output very challenging.

The people who are complaining that you're not producing concrete numbers are simply asking you the wrong question- and you may simply not have the answer.

As to my curb cuts mention, I mentioned something else that I think got lost in the shuffle, which is that so many people who work in technology are neuro-atypical, whether or not they're officially diagnosed.

Ultimately these are business decisions. The CEO I mentioned who said that he didn't care about employee efficiency because the employees were salaried (and thus fixed cost) was making a business decision.

Similarly, you looked at the cost of private offices, which was calculable and contrasted it against output- measured however you felt it was appropriate, and decided it wasn't worth it.

For all I know, maybe employee output itself wasn't even a constraint in your system! If that was the case then slowdowns in employee time would actually be just fine, since they weren't your resource constraint.

Too many people are making assumptions; I just wanted to bring up the issue of neurodiversity playing a role in these decisions and why these may be hidden issues for many employees.
>but you would be hard-pressed to find a federal court judge who isn't trying to faithfully decide each case on its merits.

>Judges are professionals and can express preliminary views on issues without being 'biased'.

Except that is not what's happened. I dont mean biased just in their verdict but actual ruling. The worst and most eye opening was Apple vs Qualcomm. Where evidence and explanation from Qualcomm were completely tossed out by the Judge. It was so bizarre that I wasn't the only only one who noticed it. But Twitter, Social Media and MSM only wants to cover Apple's narratives.
I haven’t used standalone Kodi, but with LibreELEC, I don’t share this experience. It runs really nicely on my Raspi 3, and I can control it via my TV‘s remote. It pretty much feels like it’s running on the TV itself instead of the (not so) smart built-in features. The UI is a bit slow at times, but definitely not annoyingly so.
The default configuration is quite good and usable, and I didn’t feel the need to change much.
Why Testsigma for cloud automation testing?
I plan to add a video in the future, I plan to add videos for every language supported some time soon.
And then you're either a licensed/regulated business, or a money launderer.
How many customers directly ask for an IPv4? If ISP wait for the average consumer to ask for IPv6, it will never get implemented.
I installed a Mikrotik hap ac2 router a few months ago to replace a Netgear one. It has been working great impressed with the software, support, and wireless coverage particularly for such a tiny box with such a small price. But a complicated setup if you're not a network engineer and have some customizations to make for firewall and static IPS, forwarding, etc! Not at all as easy as ddwrtt, tomato or even pfsense. And very odd terminal command line not Linux typical. I updated my firmware a few weeks ago (press a button in software, easy) and my router does not have vulnerability per https://radar.qrator.net/. Was likely safe before also as link above states it was patched years ago.
They’re different concepts. Statically typed doesn’t mean that lifetimes are determined statically.
So far, it has generated no income.
Why is it so slow? I use VMware player and swapping files is fine. WSL2 seems like it's just using a lightweight VM over HyperV... is Hyper V really that much worse than VMware (and VBox) in this?
weird that venv didn't work. I know conda does. Did you run `:LspInstall python`?
No matter what position one holds on the matter, it's always impressive to witness the multi-layer democracy process in the US.

Not many countries in the world would have a dispute between a governor, individual school districts, non-profit organizations and judges.

The US is a very non-ideal country, but it's a working one.
I agree that it will be controlled by them, whether or not it uses cryptographic algorithms.

But also, I'm saying in either case, it amounts to the account that each bank is required to have at the Fed, and the Fed apparently has refused in the past to go down the road of bypassing existing banks by opening this up to other entities or people.

You can view that cynically as regulatory capture, as a sinister banking cabal controlling everything, or as a prudently conservative outlook if you think the banking system serves a purpose, or might serve a purpose a la Chesterton's fence.

But no matter what the motivation, the question I have is why would they want to change their minds now?
Not directly, I think. The recent debate over declining bee population has has been over pesticides from the neonicotineide family.

But I think the current concensus is that the decline in bees populations is due to a combination of

- Pollen sources being increasingly from monocultures (yes, roundup use is a factor in this) possibly making bees kinda malnourished

- Bee populations are themselves getting less diverse due to comercial breeding practices making bees less resilient to changes in the environment

- Mites and decieses that has been around since forever

Anyway, declining bee populations, while sad, is a tiny part of the problem: Insect populations across the board is vanishing.
Can you give me an example of a chemical reaction that is more intuitively understood with orbitals than with shells?

One aspect relevant to chemistry I can think of that can be better understood with orbitals is why shells have the size they do, but for that you need to understand Legendre polynomials, which I only learned in my second year of university, I think.
Considering that more and more power is becoming concentrated in fewer and fewer mega-companies, it is natural that laws should target these specific companies.

These are corporations with more power than nation states with CEO's having more personal power than many dictators.

If you want generic laws, then break up these companies into smaller ones.
Well if Facebook is encrypting I'm hoping Apple/Google can't decrypt on their datacenters. That would be really weird. Just with the key that I hold (aka my app account). I've always understood E2EE as an in transit thing or public/private key where it is encrypted till the other end. I definitely want my backups sitting at rest on some server where I have no ends and it is just a loop.
I believe they are referring to this: https://eng.uber.com/postgres-to-mysql-migration/

Though keep in mind that this was back in 2016 and Postgres has changed a lot since then.

Previous HN discussions:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17280239

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12166585

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26283348
The BBC has a show called The Repair Shop, where people submit their old wares and heirlooms to be restored by specialist artisans. In most episodes there are paintings involved, and the first thing the specialist restorer does is to strip away layers of old varnish. The results are typically spectacular: colours become vibrant again, right off the bat, completely changing the mood of the composition.

I’m sure there is a Louvre team dedicated to maintaining Mona Lisa so this will sound like an idiot request, but: maybe it’s time to do something like that for the old girl…?
You’d run into the same obstacle NVIDIA has, namely that Apple won’t sign your driver so it won’t run.

NVIDIA isn’t morally opposed to Apple, it’s largely Apple that’s opposed to NVIDIA, for reasons like the cuda ecosystem and how it locks you into something that’s not an Apple product and how that would affect Apple’s leverage in future negotiations. Apple wears the pants, not their suppliers.
aicoder< Time to go on strike.
Average cost $2?! You must be thinking monthly, not yearly. Most of the time you hear commercial $/sqft it's the yearly rate, as 5 year leases are pretty common in commerical leases while extraordinary rare in residential.

To put that number into perspective for those used to thinking residential leases, that would mean a 900sqft apartment would rent for $150/mo. Normally commercial leases are slightly more expensive per square foot in literally every market I've ever looked at.

Please, do tell me market in the US where I can rent a 2,000sqft apartment for $333/mo and live in a decent metro area.
Tell HN: Curb Your Necroposting Aversion
This is directed at those hardworking forum admins among you. Please relax your rules on necroposting. A common scenario is someone asking how to do something. At the time, it either gets answered sub-optimally or not at all. Over time, it manages to get to top of the search engine results (why? no idea! but it does far too often). New solutions now exist but the forum admin has decided to lock down the thread to avoid necroposting, essentially wasting the SEO advantage they have unintentionally gained by not allowing useful answers to be posted, and subsequently making it harder for people to find answers.

Necroposting is definitely not that great in general, but there are circumstances where it's very helpful.
Just a note that Android Java is not JavaTM, it is just some bastard son of it. I think java has quite a good API documentation, it’s just that google results are usually from java 8 or even earlier versions.
36% of Americans Oppose Adoption of Bitcoin
I have a TS3+ with an XPS 15 9500, it's a nightmare. With only 2 monitors plugged it works well, but when you plug keyboard mouse and webcam it starts randomly dropping the whole usb stack.
I guess that thing works only on macs (for one you can upgrade the firmware only on macos).
> Horse paste is an intentionally derogatory term for it. It's not meant to be scientifically accurate.

"Horse dewormer" is as accurate as it can possibly be. It is also used extensively as a cow dewormer and pet dewormer. People are going to veterinarian and pet shops to buy paste sold to deworm horses and cows to take it themselves. They are not taking drugs produced for human consumption. They are going with the animal products designed and sold to give to animals.

https://arstechnica.com/science/2021/08/more-people-are-pois...
or just download Virtual Box or the free VMware Player. If you're on Linux, running Windows in "Unity" mode is already about as seamless as WSL2 w/ GUI appears to be.
HIPAA isn’t really that bad. If you’re following normal good security practices at your company you’re probably at the point where becoming complaint is more about implementing a bunch of small mostly meaningless changes to your infra and documenting stuff than some fundamental change to your architecture.
New York I.T. Supervisor Arrested for Mining BTC at Work
Not sure how old your son is, but when mine was 11 he got into making Roblox games, rather than just playing them. We did some of that Scratch stuff and the like years earlier but it didn't take, he ended up gravitating to it eventually on his own. He needed some help with the Lua language occasionally, but has done well copy-pasting and modifying bits of code.

Now at 12 he splits his programming time between Lua/Roblox, C# (built a voice recognition "Jarvis" app mostly on his own) and some basic C to interface with Arduino components.
The idea is to configure your editor so that it enhances your productivity. E.g. you spend 1 hour on editor config, but then you finish 8h of work in 6h because you work faster.

More likely the improvement is minimal and it’s recovered across many sessions. But still, the net result is supposed to be positive by a large margin.
Rebuild Google Fonts Website in 30mins
Shameless plug follows.

I think shells are horrible not only from (today's) programming perspective but also from UI/UX perspective. In response to commands, shells dump text to your screen: from stdout, from stderr, from different programs, humanly unreadable amounts - they just don't care, it's "not the shell's job" apparently.

Here is my take: the shell's job is to do everything for my productivity. Imagine programmers arguing that "notepad" is the best, IDEs are not needed, we need to keep text editing pure.

How about shells output objects on the screen and these can be interacted with? Amazing for shells, right? This exists for decades everywhere else.

My vision for UI in NGS - https://github.com/ngs-lang/ngs/wiki/UI-Design
for people who live in europe, try AROME, it's very limited compared to the other models, but it does (IMO) give the best forecast.

in my experience AROME tends to forecast on the drier side of the weather. Since I'm in the UK I use AROME first and flick between ECMWF. (ECMWF tends to forecast on the wetter side!!)

for the next hour(s) forcast, I tend to use rain radar - windy has this, but it's not the best I use netweather.tv (there's many others though)
It’s too early to judge but Jetbrains are working on a desktop implementation of Jetpack Compose, the new Android UI framework. It draws to skia like Flutter so also not really “native” if that’s important to you. https://www.jetbrains.com/lp/compose/
It would be good for Florida to shed some population and thus have less weight in the electoral college.
> this kind of thing is also the reason why the U.K. has never produced a peer to any of the FAANGs

Well, ARM for one - but despite its incredible importance in the world, ARM isn't all that valuable because of their business-model. I was hoping that SoftBank and NVIDIA's purchase would make ARM more assertive in the marketplace and create value for themselves. I'm cautiously optimistic about their future though (as for the NVIDIA deal, why couldn't the UK let the deal go through but force NVIDIA to give the UK gov a non-expiring call-options to buy 51% of the company at the market-price but only in the interests of national-security or strategic-interest? That sounds reasonable.

In decades of the past I do think about what originally innovative companies like Sinclair, Amstrad, and others could have done to stay relevant for longer (which is difficult... their area in computers was entirely commoditized by the late-1990s)...
An assertion of bias against a judge is not to be made lightly and an adverse evidentiary ruling against a party falls well short of indicating bias. There are many good reasons why evidence may be rejected that does not result from judicial bias.

A judge who is biased against a party is not qualified to sit on a case. And if bias was established, the aggrieved party would no doubt seek the judge's recusal.

I see unfounded accusations of judicial bias as being similar to unfounded claims an election was rigged. You need a good basis to make such claims. The fact the media may have construed it this way is of no moment. It's not beyond the media to embellish reality for a good story.

I'm referring here to explicit bias: that the judge leaves court and says 'Well, I like Apple, so I'll decide for them'. This is not what is happening. I'm not venturing into the area of implicit/social biases, like what is dealt with in the book 'How judges think' by Richard Posner.
Releasing Our Digital Vaccine Record Code on GitHub
Get-Help cmd ? But you can even leave out the arguments and it will query for the mandatory ones.

Also just FYI, it can fuzzy match on arguments, so you can specify only the first letter, or substring of the whole name. I think from this aspect, it is far superior to the UNIX tools.
When my X1 Carbon running Windows sleeps with a a USB-C (or is it Thunderbolt?) monitor plugged in, sometimes it wont wake up. The power light just slowly throbs.

I agree that there's something magical about getting USB, display, and power over a standard cable.
It looks like the aspect ratio is different. Top and bottom is further apart in the one image than in the other.
Bash is the worst abomination that has ever existed on the world. If a bash script has more lines than 2 (that is including the #! one), it sucks.
There this weird misconception floating around the topic that if Apple where to reduce their cut, things would be cheaper for people, conveniently forgetting this is a fight between providers and distributor for margins and not between consumers and sellers for pricing.
A-B pruning is a technique from chess engines.

Basically, you do a breadth-first full recursive solve, but bail out of any branch that is clearly worse than other candidates.
FWIW, the mask mandate ban appears to have precisely zero effect on the COVID situation in Florida, which has been steadily improving ever since schools opened. Here's a blog facetiously suggesting that not wearing masks in school caused the improvement, and while it's obviously written tongue in cheek, from a stats/causality point of view it's pretty much indistinguishable from a lot of arguments for masks.

https://philip.greenspun.com/blog/2021/09/10/science-opening...

For better or worse, while we know properly fitted N95s etc work, it's starting to look like "casual" mask wearing (fabric masks loosely worn and taken off regularly for eating etc) is mostly just pointless hygiene theater at this point.
<3 This thread. I needed this very unexpected laugh after the day I've had, much love.
There's no such thing as learning by reading. It's always learning by acting (as opposed to passive reception, that just doesn't stick).

[1] https://giansegato.com/essays/edutainment-is-not-learning/
Hi. I'm the author of gobang. gobang means a Japanese game played on goban, a go board. The appearance of goban looks like table structure. And I live in Kyoto, Japan. In Kyoto city, streets are laid out on a grid (We call it “goban no me no youna (碁盤の目のような)”). They are why I named this project "gobang".
I think proof of work makes bad captchas. CPU power is pretty cheap. Its really hard to have it be expensive enough to deter bad people well being cheap enough to not deter real users
You're likely to get a lot of selection bias in the answers - people using it likely made a decision that it's worth the hassle for their use case. To add a counter point: GraphQL was a non starter for our company, because we work with _very_ heterogenous clients who need to implement our API and the extra learning curve would be a killer.
If you have to implement a simple REST API you just look at it and in a few hours the job is done. If it would be GraphQL, lots of people would have to learn a new paradigm just to implement a few calls.
Some other areas hexagons appear in nature:

https://skainz12345.wixsite.com/the-land-of-rocks/single-pos...
Not sure who decided that everyone should suffer from the horrible turbofish operator (::<type>). C++ requires no such monstrosity.

If this operator had been introduced in a corporate language like Swiftlang, it would be the butt of jokes, but community languages like Rust can get away with this by using a cutesy name and everyone is simply too afraid to criticise Rust as they will be the target of intense group-hate.
Nobody wonders why Microsoft is still around. Selling a technically inferior product is not a problem if you can find customers. There can be many reasons. Markets are far from perfect.
...and for me, FF 92.0, Ubuntu Linux.
Look at MongoDBs "extended json". They serialize this as { "$numberLong": "10000000000000001" }.

With a custom extension to the json-schema adding property bsonType:long, instead of type:int. Along with a few other data types like datetimes, uuid, regex. It can be integrated with custom hooks in many schema validators.
What Java Modules Are About
> IBM also has its own proprietary weather forecasting service, notably used by The Weather Channel.

Is it not the case that IBM bought the weather channel to acquire the technology with no interest in the WC business?
Calling a Rust Library with the Panama FFI
I can't explain the "a monad is just a monoid in the category of endofunctors" thing simply; I barely understand it myself, and I'm actually sceptical that it's even true at all. I certainly don't think it's a useful way of learning anything.

If you're asking about monads in general, I think trying to understand the generic concept before understanding a bunch of concrete examples is the problem. https://m50d.github.io/2013/01/16/generic-contexts was my effort at explaining applicative functors (which are not quite monads, but monads are a fairly small extension of them) "from the bottom up", starting with some useful concrete things that happen to be applicative functors, and discovering that abstraction.
> We have never used this justification to institute invasive laws to prohibit habits that lead to obesity, or to prohibit drug-use or alcohol consumption for that matter.

Correct, these things are not contagious to others.
Uhh... wouldn't applying this to junk food be like "let's tax all McDonalds out of existence because people eat too many Big Macs"?

Or is it an example of Poe's law in action?
> COVID vaccines don't stop transmission, so don't protect other people.

They reduce transmission.