skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
A token can be almost anything as long as a sequence of tokens represent something meaningful. For music, I and many others have represented music as sequences of notes interleaved with rests of varying length. E.g "A--3 R3 C#-2" Three tokens to be interpreted as "play an A note in the 3rd octave at tic 0, wait 3 tics, play a C# note in the 2nd octave at tic 4". As you can imagine, the number of tokens grow very fast especially for polyphonic music.

You might say that that level of detail is unnecessary for most music. For a 12-bar blues in E you might only need five tokens, "blues 12 bars key E", to represent the whole song. But what if you want to add some cool pentatonic riffs to it and maybe a key change in the middle? Either you add token types for "key change in the middle" and "cool pentatonic riffs" or you will need many more tokens to represent your song.

One can think of it as compression. English text is trivial to compress because you just match each word to a word index in a lookup table. Compositions are way harder to compress.
> - Unity forces you to use ugly non-idiomatic C#.

Can you elaborate on this?
Correct. The Ward approach to product development accounts for this. He suggests that the organisation structure should reflect that tension. Here's how:

Functional departments and their managers are responsible for creating reusable knowledge. A project leader (chief engineer, in Toyota speak) is responsible for delivering value in a particular project.

The project leader accomplishes their goals by help from the functional departments. However, the project leader has no formal authority over the engineers in the functional departments.

In other words, there will be a constant negotiation between the project leader who argues for something to be designed for a project, and the functional department which must be convinced it's worth spending time to do that thing.

The way a Toyota executive put it was "A great car is made from lots of conflict".

I'm not doing this approach justice in my description. I suggest just reading Lean Product and Process Development by Allen Ward. Lots of good ideas in it.
This happened a lot with Zoom calls for my then-four-year-old daughter's classes too. All the kids hated it because they were looking at the picture of a friend and talking to them, but the friend didn't know they were so they weren't listening to them, and they all got incredibly frustrated. As adults we can have the theoretical knowledge about how these things work, but it does cut out a lot of helpful cues.

For me, I also think the slight audio / video lag is really difficult in a similar way. It makes conversational fluency really hard, such as when you can interject, or knowing when someone has finished. It means that conversations tend to become a series of monologues, and that's a really tedious way of having a conversation.
It's the best city in the country. I wish we had a bit more investment in infrastructure but the central government funnels most of the money into Catalonia.

Also higher wages for IT would be good.
Maybe someone can explain, but to me it seems there's always been some kind of financial lever to pull to correct during a recession (quantitative easing), I have to wonder will there always be some other mechanism that can be invented(?) to fix things?

When things like national debt far outstrips GDP and everything is hyperleveraged, it seems the way out so far has been to create more.
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I believe they're intending to say that beautiful code == readable code.
Sizing is pretty quantified. A tailor has specific measurements they make. (Presumably women's clothing is the same.) One problem is that you end up with a huge number of permutations, no one is "average"[0], people have different preferences when it comes to the type of fit, etc.

This sort of thing has been being talked about for 20+ years. The problems include that you're probably never going to get to the equivalent of a tailored suit--even after taking all their measurements, tailors often will make some final adjustments. On the other hand, most people are fine with their day to day polo shirts, T-shirts, and trousers being off the rack without paying double/triple or whatever for customization.

[0] https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/on-average/
Depending on the definition of “God”, I might me an atheist to agnostic to religious.

Old white loving fatherly figure watching me 24/7 in order to punish me if I don’t obey the orders of some cult? Probably not.

The sum of all laws of physics, known and unknown, along with all causation chains from the beginning off time, in all directions and interpretations of “time”, in all dimensions etc.? Count me in, I do see the sacredness of it all, in a completely impersonal way.

Love this answer on religion by Carl Sagan:

https://youtu.be/ML4kiFCKZGo
How to Fix Hiring?
I remember reading a truly appalling account of how the head of antiquities at Palmyra Khaled al-Asaad endured a month of torture and was later murdered for his refusal to reveal where he had hidden many artefacts from the site. This act of heroic courage should be what history associates with ISIS's barbaric occupation of Palmyra in my opinion.

The loss of Palmyra's heritage while heartbreaking can at least partially be put right with careful restoration, but we have to be careful not to minimise the horrifying amounts of human suffering inflicted by ISIS who committed atrocities against living humanity as well as atrocities against human history and culture.
When the 360 was in its preproduction phase Microsoft used Lead based solder. It was what the industry at that time was using. Microsoft didn't notice a problem regarding heat in these units simply because lead based solder is much kinder to heat cycles.

EU at this time put a deadline to the end of use for lead based solder, so the move to leadfree solder was done right before moving to mass manufacturing. The poor cooling solution on the 360 compared to its heat output didn't do the system justice. The PCB would flex as it would not be heated evenly.

After Die shrinks and manufacturing revisions, more mature lead free solder also used. The Jasper units were pretty much tanks, and the cooling solution was oversized as they were the same as before with the much hotter and power demanding lager die first gen chips.

Video Cards from the era of the launch 360 are notoriously unreliable for the same reasons. Heat cycles were a death wish, luckily for videocards they normally had a cool down period after gaming idling at a desktop. While the 360 would commonly go from 100% load term load to off.
In 2009, Two Nuclear Submarines Collided Under the Sea (2016)
How's she supposed to get a misdemeanor or felony arrest if cops like Harry keep her at her desk?
Don’t take any notes, yet.

This is pretty much how all Pine devices ship, and they’re up front about it. They’ve always been very explicitly that the Pine devices aren’t meant to be fully formed consumer devices and that it’ll take quite a bit of elbow grease and community effort to make the most out of the hardware.
While calling it out like that is crass, I do wish people wouldn't do other things during meetings. I get that these meetings are presumably over-long, but perhaps that's because half the participants aren't actually paying attention...
What gets measured gets done, which is awkward when the important things are hard to measure and don't get measured.

"data-informed" is preferable to data-driven, but requires more thought unfortunately.
Enterprise Software Projects Killed the Software Developer
There is https://www.foundationdb.org/

Which is incredible.
Let me just say that the Remarkable also runs linux.

Not only that, but I've been blown away by the ongoing results from the team at Remarkable. I only have the Remarkable 1 but they continue to ship updates for it, and these updates are often really substantive with sometimes profound new features. Their cloud service is free, no aggravating subscription stuff and even though they have the remarkable 2 now, they continue to kill it with the updates to improve my experience with the remarkable 1. They, as of right now, have my undying loyalty and appear to be a truly customer focused company. I'd love to buy their entire team a couple beers.

Don't get me wrong, I love pine64 too, but they're way more oriented to us hacker types than ordinary people and I don't want to have to hack together a functioning device with everything I own, though I think they're doong good work none-the-less.
Show HN: TSConfig Paths Babel Plugin
It would be nice if there was an app that a could let a bunch of people tune in to an audio stream hosted by a phone within 30 meters. Then, a professor could lead walking lectures without having to turn around and shout.

This would also be useful for city tours, outdoor dance parties, and churches with hard-of-hearing parishoners.
Hard to say, but I'd argue getting past the iron age on their own is a good start for a metric.
Discord is chat in a sense. But community forums are also a form of chat. You shouldn’t confuse a technical implementation (e.g. Discord or IRC) with the end product (e.g. fostering community discussion).
New, Simplified Pricing on Gumroad: Pay Less as You Earn More
Related discussion here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28190756
Strong agree, but I still think they might be missing a trick.

Speaking purely personally, despite not currently being in the business of physically-distributing GPL'd object code: put a copy of the corresponding source inside the product. Storage is sufficiently cheap nowadays that this isn't nearly as onerous as it used to be.

For bonus points, bootstrap the image then use it to build itself from its included sources for distribution.
Ask HN: What database do you use today if you are building a search engine?
Hello everyone,

I am new here but a long-time luker. I am just curious what database you will use if you are building your own index for a search engine today.
That's absolutely not the choice that is up here. In western societies, child abuse predominantly happens within the family and won't likely be solved just by monitoring childrens online communication
Dear spammer: you are unwelcome.
The only problem is that the government is not always right, actually is wrong very frequently. And almost any aspect of our lives can be regulated for "safety" reasons.
Any examples of modern apps with rich terminal GUI?
Few things would make me as happy as the Django admin module ported to a TUI. In the mainframe days, how much did application developers need to worry about the displayed field length, or was that handled by the OS?
"If the other guy delivers 10x the expectation and you deliver 0x the expectation, I don’t think the right decision is to just quit. IMO - get your productivity to what’s a sustainable, realistic level for you. If THAT is measured as 0, then the issue is yours to fix."

If the environment is causing the 0x, then I would leave. The more likely thing is that they can do 1x, but 1x will start to look like .5x next to the 10x. When standards are vague and require subjective evaluation, there will be a lot of drift for what 1x looks like relative to the others.
As exemplified by the old threadbase post: https://web.archive.org/web/20160318074519/threadbase.com/un...

The sizes vary within brands themselves.

Traditionally the solution was to get a tailor take your measurements and make a pattern for you and cut from cloth to make you a garment. Obviously, in today's day and age, that gets a bit expensive for most people.
Whenever I see an article like this in one of the most activist so called news outlet, I can’t stop myself asking - what is their motive for pushing these? May be to increase residential real estate pricing?

I mean sure, walking is good - I don’t need salon to tell me it is. But question rather is why are mainstream outlets like salon rather pushing these narratives of benefits of walking lately? The activism real estate these outlets have are valuable and limited so the motives are always something I question.
> if only because the physical act of playing an instrument can never be replaced by software.

As an instrumentalist, I would love to believe this but more and more this does not appear to be the case.

I have talked to many people of different ages who really don't see any difference between someone actually playing an instrument in front of you and listening to pre-recorded music.

It's funny because it's in the context of me liking to play live music, and they never seem to realize they're saying, "What you do is meaningless."

I think it's that they have no personal experience with playing an instrument, combined with the fact that the dominant forms of pop music now don't have much if any place for instrumentalists.
You can use profiles for von stuff. Containers only really works for site based state.
People who gravitate to being in charge of permissions are anal retentive micromanaging types. They get a kick out of making others come to them to beg permission to access whatever it is, and making them get permission from their manager and his director. They are insufferable so people develop workarounds, shadow systems, or try to accumulate as much permission as they can so they can avoid future dealings with the permissions bureaucracy.
Why does it matter? It's not like they trust the machine. There are rolls and logs that multiple people must agree on.

No narrative of fraud at the counting stage makes any sense unless you haven't read how the count is secured without sacrificing too much speed.
I imagine that a silent disco setup would provide this rather well. Might need one with a better form factor for walking outside, but the technology for broadcasting locally to headsets has existed for a while now. Museums likely have these deployed already.
Pyston Team Joins Anaconda
Is it the kids who are punished for non-compliance though? It sounds like the enforcement (and presumably the punishment for non-compliance) is on the gaming companies rather than the kids or their parents.
Common Lisp does have a "proper strong type system". What it doesn't have OOTB is is static type checking at compile time. Those two are orthogonal issues. Although with CLOS (object system) you get pretty close. Some compilers like sbcl have type inference and you can declare types of variables and function arguments. There are also libraries that take this much further to make it work more like a statically typed language. There are even libraries that add things like dependent types and such crazy things.

Note that static type checking can be difficult to work with when using the prominent interactive programming style since the types aren't always wellhdefined and/or in flux while writing and adding new bits and pieces of code, or redefining types, adding struct/object members at runtime, etc.

But it's possible, yes.
I did in the original post, and that's why I used C++ as example instead of Java. A method declares `throws X, Y, Z` and _runtime_ checks that no other exception escapes. No source changes needed if you add W to the list. And if some other exception escapes, it's wrapped in `UnexpectedException` that is reserved for and throwable only by the runtime.
Show HN: Dataset Label Search for ML
In order to bootstrap a computer vision model, I often find it useful to look through open datasets to find what I want. I realized it shouldn't be hard to collect a lot of them and make it searchable, so I made a page to do it for me. Feedback welcome!
> To programmers from other languages, such as C or C++, the concept of pointers to dynamically extensible arrays seems like a perfectly decent idea that surely should exist and work in Go.

Ah, I would beg to differ!

You should never be taking pointers to a dynamically resizable array, in any language. (Well, caveat, its fine if you do it only for a time period where you know the array won't be growing.) The whole point of a dynamically resizable array is that its addresses can change!

If you did this in C++, you'd get undefined behavior. In Go you get "safe" but probably-not-what-you-wanted behavior. In Rust it simply wouldn't be possible (w/o unsafe), and you'd have to use indices (which is the correct thing to do, in any language).
Agree. As an 20+ years Apple user, I have suffered some big annoyances.

You are holding it wrong.
Here we go, we are removing "escape" but you have a touch-bar with customizable functionality, sorry this is the best laptop keyboard design - you will adapt to it.

We are removing ports - but you will have Dongles - lot of dongles and this MagSafe shit that you love so much - no more for you.

Innovation my TrashCan - not upgradable peace of trash, after 6 years - here we go MacPro - only for the Apple "elite hustler" club members, as a bonus 1000 dollars monitor stand.

We don't like MacOS - to much control for the user is not good for Apple Profits - we like iOS and we will make everything like it. You will adapt.

Now we are innovating on a geo-political stage, protecting our brand with the all time classic "Neural Cash" and bending a knee or two in the name of Apple dominance and antitrust avoidance. You will adapt, because you are trapped and we know you love us.

Privacy, my ass.
:)
> It all comes down to generating tokens.

So counterpoint is just out the window, is it?
Alberta feed stores inundated with calls for ivermectin
Having %100 attention of all participants is for sure an expectation to be had, in an ideal scenario where meetings are organized in an ideal configuration of members/agenda/duration.

But if you invite everyone to every meeting, have no agenda, and have awkward silences in the meeting you called while trying to come up with stuff to talk about... then surely people will try to get some work done in parallel.
I thought my first programmy/computery thing I did was make games on the BYOND platform but I completely forgot about ADRIFT! I wish I could remember what my ADRIFT games even were because I'd love to explore the psyche of my 10-year-old self as well.
> So where I am from or where I live don't think will make any difference.

One of the things that I’ve learned about talking to other people about a problem is that they can offer solutions that haven’t occurred to you. It’s easy to think you understand the whole problem. After all, you’ve been living it! But unless you’re an expert in the field (and in this particular case that would probably be an attorney) keep an open mind about what may or may not be possible.
IF you acquire happiness from buying stuff, your natural path is to poverty, right? This "positive thinking as financial advice" is the first and most important thing to have a healthy relationship with money. Learn that spending doesn't make one happy has the intended consequence of making building wealth way easier.
I read the article and I fail to see a benign application for this technique except for confirming conspiracy theorists' fears regarding vaccinations and 5G.
Cool. I did not remove enough services it seems.
big year for pullman
Yeah. I have 100K photos which I've done some pruning of but I really don't want to lock myself into having to pay Adobe for sync space. I believe Lightroom Classic also still has some organizational features that haven't been brought forward yet. For the most part, I'm content with working on my photos on my desktop system. I don't feel a lot of need to have everything synced everywhere.
No it's not, it can be even simpler, but it's a great start and evolution
Why not advertise and sell cigarettes to minors, after all parents should be able to restrict smoking.

Gambling is highly addictive, in-game gambling dark patterns are iterated on and weaponized by teams of designers.

Do you believe individual parents are a match for these million pound gorilla companies pushing gambling to their kids, in their own homes and everywhere, 24/7?
Sorry man, this forum isn’t for emotional or psychological support. I can’t help you. Good luck, genuinely.
And they didn't even realise...
> You're not really disagreeing it seems.

The author wrote "stop the program". I took it to mean literally: stop the program, i.e., exit immediately, i.e., crash. That's not acceptable in long-running "service" programs.
>Scientific publishing is currently a multi-billion dollar industry, forcing scientists to pay huge sums to access or publish publicly-funded research – it's time for a democratic alternative.

I'm always amazed at how easily people fall for the extremely naive "those poor academics being manipulated by these horrible publishing companies" narrative.

The scientific publishing industry exists specifically because it supplies academics with what they need - a barrier for entry keeping others out. This, of course, is the purpose of peer review; that is, to ensure that the academic asking for the paper to be published has done the required work, read all the literature, and learned all the correct jargon and can therefore enter the prestigious club. The better the journal, the more exclusive the club. The academic must pass many hoops in order to move up in prestige and this protects those who have raised themselves through this imaginary system. (nowhere is the accuracy of the results assessed during peer review by the way, though accordance with current political trends is assessed).

The other important trick academics use is esoteric language which the layman has trouble understanding. Together these two devices allow the academic to keep his cushy job, and also helps to ensure the layman doesn't realize 90% of what gets published in academia is absolute nonsense.

Of course I could be wrong and tens of thousands of academics around the world are have spent the last 50 years prisoners to the publishing industry for absolutely no reason what so ever. What seems more likely to you guys?
Ask HN: Which framework do you use for your APIs (Node.js or Ruby)
I'm using NextJS (Serverless React on Node.JS) but the api structure there is very limiting, especially considering Ruby on Rails. I was looking for an API framework that can handle pretty expensive business-level workloads maybe in Node.JS or Rails. I wanted to go with Rails, but I'd be severely losing on Serverless (I use Vercel to host). If you have any idea, you're welcome. tya.
I only rarely need to work with Macs, but Apple rewrote its SMB implementation sometime in the 10.12 or 10.13 timeframe (to avoid GPL licensing of the existing open-source one, I believe) and it's been terrible ever since. Even the OSS one wasn't great but I remember reliability was much improved when forced to CIFSv1 (the original simple-but-insecure protocol) than when using any of the newer versions.

...I suppose anyone who has the time to work on this problem could find the last open-source release that Apple used, and port it to the newer versions of macOS.
I meant that mathematics has been used for nuclear bombs, breaking cryptography, and other nefarious purposes. Physics is a sort of applied mathematics, where reality is the testing ground for models created on paper.

It was originally thought that Einstein's theory of special relativity was just a cool mathematical idea. But it was much much more. Mathematics has consequences that are so deep that even now it is rearing its head in AI..differentiable loss functions.
The point is that S3 isn't a CDN. If you use it as a CDN, it's on you to ensure it'll work for your use case. CloudFront, however, is a CDN, and as expected, has domain verification.
Psycopg 3.0 beta 1 released
> Note that in Kotlin the return type is `Int?`, not `Int`.

How does that fare with unnecessary boxing of primitives?
Data-First API Design
Runaway CPU utilization, kernel panics, unreliable displays, and network storage problems are _not_ the hallmarks of "an otherwise pretty solid os".
Hexagonal Architecture in Rust #1