skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The mRNA is hidden inside lipid nano-droplets. These droplets merge with cells and the mRNA gets released into them. From what I understand, pure mRNA would be broken down if it ended up in the interstitium (fluid filled space between cells) without being hidden inside this lipid shell. The sequence is also slightly altered compared to original one to make it more stable and less likely to produce an immune response (one of the bases ('U') is swapped out for one that is functionally the same but does not trigger the immune system).

You can read more about the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine and the lipid particles here:

https://berthub.eu/articles/posts/reverse-engineering-source...

https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2021/01/11/rn...

mRNA is just instructions, it does not have to "authenticate" itself with the cell. If it is in there, it will be "executed". The filtering is done before stuff should get into cells (i.e. caught be the immune system).
Every iPhone user is a safari user AFAIK.

AFAIK on iOS you cannot distribute an alternative browser (as in UI, network engine and rendering engine) --- you can only distribute what is essentially a skin over the default browser, Safari.
The issue is that crypto mining is the only system designed to have negative marginal utility for each GPU consumed. It literally pays people to take energy and GPUs away from the open market for zero incremental gain to the network.

The difference is that each additional iPhone or ML accelerator or cloud server CPU provides incrementally more utility. More ML accelerators means more ML processing.

Proof-of-work mining is the only system designed to get less efficient with each additional unit of compute power. Add another GPU to the mining network and the network will automatically become less efficient. More GPUs doesn’t mean more transactions, but the system pays people to essentially burn these GPUs.

That’s the complaint. Not that chips are being used, but that the marginal output of each additional GPU is negative.
I don’t think that qualifies as click bait lol
Are people mining crypto on PS5s and Xboxes?
> the fun, gamery loading messages with something more "formal".

It may be worse for you, but it feels way better to me. It has been very annoying to introduce Discord in work/casual settings and see it labelled as "a gamer thing". Right call by Discord.
While Crypto is certainly a contributor to demand, I think a large part of the problem is related to a demand spike similar to the 'toilet paper shortage', where companies try to stockpile because they hear there will be a shortage, which in turn makes the problem worse. Additionally, COVID stoppages caused chaos in supply.
> I don’t see much evidence that TSMC ever really slowed production, at least for their most advanced processes that are in high demand.

One thing I heard is that the drought (worst one in 50 years in Taiwan) has really affected them, and various sources seem to confirm it, here's one : https://fortune.com/2021/06/12/chip-shortage-taiwan-drought-...

And while I wholeheartedly agree with the crypto/GPU issue, all in all, the GPU market is overall fairly tiny compared to TSMC's total output.

Most of the GPU issue is linked to massive demand and conservative allocations that were bought by GPU makers a while back. Adding extra allocation because of demand is really hard specifically on constrained high end nodes like GPU uses.

Car makers and others in the industry don't use those nodes, they use older ones and those are equally constrained.

The GPU/crypto issue is the cherry on top of an already very constrained TSMC, it seems.
Someone added it to libc and now it needs to be provided forever for compatibility.
I'm not confident one way or another. But I'm not ready to take this story at face value as a sad story of a vaccine being recalled because of a few loud-mouthed anti-science idiots just because "no causal-link was established by the FDA".

Health-policy and politics in general have a perverse effect on the science. What was the official stance of the government one day becomes misinformation the next, and vice-versa. I think it's important to recognize that going with the narrative of the government is a political stance rather than a scientific one and that it reflects trust in the system rather than anything else.

Over the years my government has given me many reasons not to trust it blindly when it comes to medical issues. Our legal system recognizes that finding a causal link is not the end-all be-all of medical responsiblity and my personal experience reflects it as well having just done a risk-benefit analysis to convince my sister to get vaccinated, using the information provided by the health-authorities of my country, and discovering afterward that some serious side-effects are not being reported.
Even on a single user system which doesn't run untrusted software?
It being unreliable is a hinderance to it's development. Furthermore you cant't even do any of this without heavy use of fossil fuel.
Unraveling the Mystery of Why Children Are Better Protected from Covid
> Imagine debugging an app on this (and possibly not even knowing it's based on an unofficial base image) not knowing this very specific behavior for hours with no results, you'd probably have a very bad impression of alpine.

That's fine! I've seen this happen with Rails all the time: newbies do something in Rails behaves differently in Rails than in vanilla Ruby, because Rails redefines core Ruby classes in ActiveSupport, and they get frustrated and angry when the thing they've copied from elsewhere doesn't work as they expect. Whether that's good or not is another matter, but that doesn't mean Ruby should prevent people from running Rails! You really shouldn't be obsessed with people liking your project to the point where you prevent anybody from doing anything with it that you haven't personally authorized.
Simply saying "No" and not understanding another's view point is a missed opertunity. Intuition of process or technology "XYZ" is not the same for everyone. Understanding how to guide Users to a more efficent workflow is half the battle.
That’s how research works. You start with simple animals like mice and work your way towards more complex ones like primates, eventually you start trials with humans.
My understanding is that it has been known for years that mRNA is a viable vaccine delivery vector, but the R&D hadn't been completed for the other aspect of the business - production and safety at scale.
I also have a SLAP tear and would love to use BPC or something else to fix it, as I'm not going to have surgery. However, injecting a grey market research chemical I bought off the Internet into my body is just way, way outside my risk tolerance. I could I guess imagine imbibing a pill or powder..... direct injection when you don't really know what it is, it's not from a regulated supplier- just seems nuts to me, no offense
I was thinking the same - the issue of course is that farm-able land is valuable, and we generally want to use that for food production. This is one of the reasons why we don't grow biofuels to power our cars.

I do like your idea of a custom bacteria in water solution, I think algae has been engineered for biofuel production (not sure how well that turned out though).
Sorry if that was offensive. I cringe every time I see either side with their arguments.
This is the first time I've seen "selfhost" applied to something that restricts where I can load/run (this hippobase only lets me deploy in aws).

They seem to be highjacking the term
Just use free software. Stallman was right.
Bizcord
The maximum fines for breaking the GDPR is up to 4% of your global turn over. If it gets to that they can seize any assets in the EU, including any revenue earned in the EU up to the amount of the fine. Potentially directors can attract criminal risk by refusing to pay the fine(s), leading to an international arrest warrant. Obviously this is the most extreme case, but it is generally is easier to just comply with the law like a reasonable person.
I've just looked this up and it's exactly that noise, at least I know what it is now, thanks.
Can We Have Some Fun in the Uncanny Valley?
Funny thing is there is actually no conspiracy, it 's just the way people behave when they have the power to do so. It's impossible to have power and be mother Teresa at the same time, yet people irrationally believe in wise leaders.
Even though I disagree, this post predates that argument: it shows how easy collisions are,against the one in a trillion argument.

Maybe someone sends you some unsuspicious pictures and you get a visit by the FBI, or some apple (outsourced) employee reviewing them. maybe it happens with some photo you take, who knows.

This is not a slippery slope, this is what can happen with the process as defined by Apple.
Remember when Apple had to pay google … ios7 Apple Maps saga.
High-end PC gamers were always about money-is-no-object gaming. None of the tech they use has ever been strictly necessary.

The vast majority of gamers still use 1080p. More people login to Steam on a Mac than login to Steam with a 4K monitor attached.

Maybe the high-end is more expensive now, but you still see forums riddled with people paying $1000+ for cards. If nobody was paying for it the price would go back down. High-end PC gamers are the most price inelastic gamers on the market!

I'd say that integrated graphics are the present of PC gaming. eSports games, Minecraft, Fortnite and similar games dominate sales and play time, and they don't have any serious requirement for discrete graphics.

This is all to say that the high-end isn't going to just go away. The overall gaming market is bigger than ever, so high-end gaming along with other niches like VR are here to stay. These niches on their own are just large enough to support a variety of gaming markets, while in the past they might have been too obscure to warrant investment and development effort.
If the GOP weren't so foolish against vaccines, they could have made hay criticizing the slowness of the FDA.
Does it support creating emails from RSS feeds though? Don't see it mentioned. When I make a blog post, mailchimp reads the RSS feed and sends an email to subscribers.
Torch hikes are nothing unusual, but when done by groups of young men with cleanly shaved heads in camouflage outfit it's a pretty clear statement.
We've had a mild summer in the northeast, I'd expect the cases to rise dramatically in New York and New Jersey as we get into the winter and people spend more time indoors.
> With all the praise Brother laser printers get for being just a damn printer, I wonder what the end game is for some of those businesses.

Why does a company need an end game? That implies there are winners and losers, with the winner taking all. Shouldn't we be striving for a more diverse business environment, where there is credible competition to help keep the actions of businesses in check? Wouldn't this be a healthier environment for businesses as well, since they could focus upon long term sustainability?
You can wrap text in a <tt> tag for teletype style formatting
As of 2021, there is now a complete Pydantic "CRUD stack" (ODMantic/SQLModel + FastAPI) that is ridiculously easy to get up and running with, and it has all of the features one might want in a brave new type safe world.

By comparison, the system of tools around Attrs and Cattrs is a bit scattered and underdeveloped. I don't think there's a technical reason for it, that's just how it happened. It would be great to see either a competitive parallel "stack" developing, or increased interoperability from libraries that currently only support one or the other.

For this reason, in my personal projects I use Attrs almost all the time when writing new classes. I don't use Pydantic. But at work, we are very likely going to adopt the aforementioned "Pydantic CRUD stack" for new internal services, specifically because our needs are straightforward, and for straightforward use case is a "just works" and "there's only one right way to do it", which I think are extremely valuable features when operating in a team.
Or is cloud gaming the future of gaming? GeForce Now and Stadia work fairly well and are price competitive with a modern powerful GPU.
My 970 is still limping along... kinda hilarious that it's paired with a 5950x in my new workstation. I'm impressed it can still play modern games pretty decently on my 1440p monitor although usually I've gotta dial it down to medium gfx settings.

Gonna try to hold out till next gen, crossing my fingers supply issues have been sorted out by then.
Programmatic architecture (also Novelty architecture)
You had fun because of a little bit of stupid jokes during loading?

Did that define your experience, or was you experience defined by what you did inside of discord after the loading screen had passed?

Why is all this bullshit important to people? Dumb gifs, emoticons everywhere, wannabe cute gamey jokes.

If you get invited to a whine tasting party with a bunch of boring stuck up people, but there is a kids-ball-pool thingie in the entrance, is the party awesome?
I’m fairly sure a lot of folks would sign up at even $30/month, if any product managers are reading this.
Audio Hijack to the rescue.
Algocracy
Which would lead to data portability issues with the EU. A number of companies I deal with have decided to host their data in the EU (even for UK source data) as a result of Brexit.
Having a single inbox like this is the one true way. There are so many forces fighting for their own proprietary messaging systems that I fear we're still years away from this happening again. Though it's popular to malign email, I'm very thankful that it's a distributed, open, standardized system, with decades of stability that allows me to message anyone.
If they cannot be symbolically encoded why would you ever _need_ to encode them?
> There is no reason to use it [if you value open source and privacy above everything else].
There's a disposal bin for fruit a stone's throw away from the border. And I bet you that the apples you can buy in, say, Victoria, are imported from the same place as the ones you can buy in South Australia.
_If_ China takes control of Taiwan. And that's a big if.
Typical UK government, dangling some inconsequential benefit (tip of the iceberg) while eroding basic human rights.

The problem is that I’m sure the general public will be in favour of removing those banners.

This is like dissolving public education to remove those pesky exams from children’s lives.

If aligns with Tory business interests so taking everything into account I’m sure it will go ahead but the level of dishonesty is surprising.

I’ll be paying attention to anyone calling this out.
The name you want is Brussels Effect.

It is more costly to maintain separate product lines than to comply.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels_effect
Yeah, that's an average though. If you don't hesitate about spending $30, you're probably worth a lot more to advertisers.
It's the best algorithm I would say, but the site itself has quite horrid design these days.
I am curious about this line of thinking. If you believe that mRNA vaccines should be considered "gene treatments" then why don't you also believe that traditional vaccines are "gene treatments"? What exactly makes one fall under that description but not the other?
Core Web Vitals: What Are They and How to Improve Them?
"The SSPL is Not an Open Source License" https://opensource.org/node/1099
His comment contained information (namely that the FDA process is not particularly strict compared to European standards) whereas your comment had zero information. On an objective level, he had a higher quality contribution.

Go easy on the arrogance over substance.
Nice, but where is Antarctica?

Is it possible to stop the rotation of the Earth?

It would be nice to be able to enter the coordinates instead of the name of the city, for people that lives in small towns.
I specified for tax purposes because I was not referring to that kind of discrimination, but rather where employer paid benefits to employees have to be offered in a manner that does not discriminate against lower paid employees otherwise they become taxable.
Oh, absolutely. It would take generations. But taking forestry waste and turning it into a soil amendment is a worthwhile endeavour even from the POV of improving food production.
Good luck with the insurance claim after the house burns down.
Beware of the Murray Gell-Mann amnesia effect. Based on my experience with the subjects I know intimately my experience is that Reddit advice is roughly equivalent to asking a teenager to Google something for you.

I fully agree that any sub that's core content involves shitting on people has terrible inhabitants and all the quality of commentary that follows from that. Some of the more lighthearted ones are a little better (e.g. holdmybeer vs idiotsincars) when the content is conducive to such but only in the sense that someone with a crippling mental illness might have a good-ish day here and there.
>Choosing to not have an opinion means implicitly supporting the status quo, which where I am would mean implicitly supporting a bunch of unvaccinated, maskless people

It most certainly does not, at least to a rational person. That's very cultish thinking.
What does that mean exactly? Is that the standard by which you hold other medical treatments to as well?
I've encouraged numerous non-technical friends and family members to switch to DuckDuckGo and they've all gone back to Google within a week.
Sure, but it's not not a price hike on the leading node. Technically you are correct, the leading node price hikes will happen separately, behind closed doors, but it makes sense to talk about them here. There won't be a HN post about the non-public price hikes because, well, they aren't public.
But those skinned browsers can have a different default search engine
So what you're saying is that the CCP took the two Michaels hostage for no other reason than to be political bargaining chips?

...that's exactly why I wouldn't travel to China whilst Xi is power.
Facebook displays FDA approval of Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine as it fights misinf
> Or, "I can't stop using Google Docs because a bunch of non-techies I have to deal with don't know how to (or don't want to) use anything else".

Interesting example. I’ve worked with two organizations this year (one large, one small), both of whom happily use gmail, google docs etc. In both cases people expressed surprise that my address wasn’t gmail.com, that on a screen share my search was different etc.

Some of these people expressed concerns about privacy but clearly had no understanding of how pervasive the spy infrastructure is. And why should they? Their expertise lay in other domains.

The private sector has a lot to answer for and an government-driven response (driven by a combination of experts, ignorami, and grandstanders) will be their own fault.
I don't know how valid the "19,000 bathtubs" of concrete number is, but it's worth noting much of this is poured vertically (as in footings or high rises or thick pads).

That might buy us a little time until the planet is covered.
Yes, of course, but you then appeared to query the "unfounded" nature of the claims. I thought you had missed the part where they turned out to be indeed unfounded.
There’s nothing in what I said about developed vs developing nations. The dynamic is the same regardless.
If this is a joke involving fsck - I did not get it.
Running a prod db on EC2 isn’t a trivial undertaking- I see the value in a service that can affordably recreate the managed DB experience. I have lots of questions about how and what I can/can’t do with the system, like install foreign data wrappers, etc that RDS disallows. Is binlog/PITR backup expected to be available at some point?
Axel Springer to Acquire Politico
> It's impossible to have power and be mother Teresa at the same time, yet people irrationally believe in wise leaders.

It's not impossible but it's rare enough you shouldn't bet anything of value on it.
If your life aligns with it, great (I also like that you're using the public library, I'm on my local library board and we also have b/w and color printer/copiers for patrons)!

To reduce my printing and improve my own convenience, I replaced my failing twelve year old Brother laser with a Brother laser multifunction. Now when I deal with paperwork for my accountant, lawyer, bank, etc. I scan and send them a PDF. I made a scan of my signature and apply it as needed. With a few exceptions this has been acceptable. The kitchen chromebook is still no substitute for printing out recipes, though :)
The toilet paper shortage is kind of a bad example, because it was caused by a very real and sudden shift in demand from the very seperate commercial and personal toilet paper manufacturing markets.
My guess is that you could retire earlier on a faang compensation.
I assumed it would not be difficult to scale. I was asking knorker why they thought it might not scale, as that is what I thought their comment implied.
> And while I wholeheartedly agree with the crypto/GPU issue, all in all, the GPU market is overall fairly tiny compared to TSMC's total output.

From an economics perspective, it doesn’t really matter. The price of a market-rate good is the marginal price of producing one more unit. As long as cryptocurrency is financially incentivizing people to consume 100% of the marginal production, prices will continue to go up.

This also cascades down their lineup: Vendors who would like to use 7nm for their chip will instead choose 10nm, which will bump some of the customers who wanted to use 10nm back to the 12nm or 16nm nodes and so on.
Big oil is big because billions of people rely on hydrocarbons for transport, heating their homes, electricity, and many other things. Demonizing "Big Oil" is a way to evade the fact that people are not willing to pay large amounts to stop the world from warming a few degrees.
These calculations aren’t stratified by age / prior risk, so you can’t really infer the efficacy this simply.
Explainable AI may surrender confidential data more easily
> I had quite a few companies contacting me to get rid of it

Did you quote them your business rates?
> There is a stage in country's development where the country don't care about environment and prioritise on development.

OTOH renewable energy sources are getting economically competitive so development doesn't have to mean more carbon. For instance, wind power already accounts for 20% of Brazil's energy generation (and most of it was built recently with private capital, as the government has been broke for a few decades already).
A Solution to the Include Guard Problem
Technically GDPR could be amended to require compliance notifications to be non-obtrusive and still default to strong privacy protection like disabling non-essential functionality or data collection and processing.

Of course the ad companies rely on the bad and obtrusive pop-up design to annoy users into clicking accept.
Agreed. I find the various subreddits related to things I'm interested in to be a great resource and occasionally, great entertainment.
Intel Core I9-12900K Alder Lake CPU Destroys the AMD Ryzen 9 5950X All-Core Ben
Some of us have use cases where this won’t work. :)

I happen to like my photo printer. Ordering a hundred 13x19 prints would cost more than all that I spent on the printer, ink, and paper.

I still use my ten-year-old laser printer several times per month. Usually for RPG character sheets or paper copies of notes. Sometimes I’ll print out a story I’m beta reading. If I need a printout at 7pm on a Monday, the library isn’t open.

I have gone digital with a lot of things, for instance: all of my handwritten notes go on a reMarkable 2 now.
Show HN: Minsky Circle Algorithm Artworks