skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> > So here, indexing comes into picture. What indexing does is, sets up the column your search conditions are on, in a sorted order to assist in optimising query performance.

> That's mysql specific, and not just that but it's innodb specific: innodb uses the primary key as a clustering index, or the first UNIQUE index if there's no PK.

> Other engines don't usually do that, some (e.g. postgres) don't even have clustered indexes (aka indexes which affect the table's own layout), in postgres clustering is an explicit discrete table-rewriting operation.

It kind of depends on exactly what they mean. The physical index itself is essentially always going to be stored in a "sorted" order, clustered or non-clustered. It's [by default almost always] a B-tree of some flavor, but every index is going to be stored in a way that makes searching it faster, and in that sense it can always be described as "sorted" even if the table itself has no clustering index. It's in a well-defined order that aids in identifying the records in the table itself. Even if the query engine identifies that the 100 records that satisfy the WHERE clause are in 100 different, discontinuous pages, an index can help with that even if the I/O won't be optimal.

> > The major advantage of B-tree is that the data in it is sortable

> That's… not really true. A b-tree is sorted, period. You can't have an unordered btree.

Oh, I've just noticed you know this already. What's your confusion then?
You’re aware that huge swathes of the economy is run by “flexible” labour that doesn’t get any guaranteed hours, and is forced to work 2 or 3 job simultaneously to make ends meet.

Most of these individuals don’t want this scenario, they would much rather have one full time job that paid the bill. But with minimum wage in the US basically being a glorified slave-wage, that’s not a realistic ambition for many people.
Differences in lending rates between groups due to less data or confounding features is the motivating example in the oft-cited 'Equality of Opportunity in Supervised Learning'. Highly recommend it: https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.02413
I believe that number is in the 80s for the mRNA vaccines and lower for the others (minus the one from Russia).
Humans can manage when looking at a digital photograph.
Before youtube you still had video sharing services online. Youtube was one of like a dozen popular video sites before it started consuming the market like a black hole, or Standard Oil.
They're less likely to refuse on political grounds.
I was curious so I tried it in postgres 13. Postgres, at least, uses the index to form a bitmap and scans that when aggregating in the first case (10% rows in the bitmap) and not in a second case WHERE "createdAt" BETWEEN '1990-01-01 00:00:00' AND '2020-12-31 23:59:59'; (100% rows in the bitmap, obviating the need for the intermediate step). I also tried ~20% rows (2019-2020) and the planner skipped the index.
'''

CREATE TABLE temp (id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, amount MONEY, "createdAt" TIMESTAMPTZ);
CREATE INDEX ON temp ("createdAt");

INSERT INTO temp(id, "createdAt", amount) SELECT generate_series(1,1000000) AS id, NOW() + (random() * (interval '10 years')) - interval '10 years' AS createdAt, random() * 100::money AS amount.

EXPLAIN SELECT sum(amount) FROM temp WHERE "createdAt" BETWEEN '2020-01-01 00:00:00' AND '2020-12-31 23:59:59';

Aggregate (cost=10286.06..10286.07 rows=1 width=8)
-> Bitmap Heap Scan on temp (cost=2148.00..10033.48 rows=101032 width=8)
Recheck Cond: (("createdAt" >= '2020-01-01 00:00:00-05'::timestamp with time zone) AND ("createdAt" <= '2020-12-31 23:59:59-05'::timestamp with time zone))
-> Bitmap Index Scan on "temp_createdAt_idx" (cost=0.00..2122.75 rows=101032 width=0)
Index Cond: (("createdAt" >= '2020-01-01 00:00:00-05'::timestamp with time zone) AND ("createdAt" <= '2020-12-31 23:59:59-05'::timestamp with time zone))

And when running a longer query:
Finalize Aggregate (cost=14596.71..14596.72 rows=1 width=8)
-> Gather (cost=14596.49..14596.70 rows=2 width=8)
Workers Planned: 2
-> Partial Aggregate (cost=13596.49..13596.50 rows=1 width=8)
-> Parallel Seq Scan on temp (cost=0.00..12620.00 rows=390597 width=8)
Filter: (("createdAt" >= '1990-01-01 00:00:00-05'::timestamp with time zone) AND ("createdAt" <= '2020-12-31 23:59:59-05'::timestamp with time zone))
Mass distribution of non-sterilizing vaccines which reduce symptoms (via blood/serum antibodies) but don't prevent infection and transmission (lack of nasal/mucous antibodies) can increase spread of variants that would otherwise cause symptoms and self-isolation of the infected person.
Starlink satellites are already using ion thrusters simply to maintain orbit. Some level of active evasion seems like a viable evolution of that rather cyberpunk idea.
'Italian dude' gets a QR code tattoo to prove he’s Covid-free
This is my article about Beta testing Codex. Feel free to ask me anything.
Low Ping Bastards. A term used when lower ping gives you an advantage in a networked game.
Tim Cook: Tech industry needs to rebuild user trust after privacy losses
You can end up worse off for waiting, even if there is a "bubble pop". Even people who correctly identify market bubbles and have good timing can lose in the long run because the gains during the run up of the market compound so much it ends up being smarter to ride out the dips.

Unlike any other investment a home has direct utility for the buyer as shelter. You should buy what home you can afford and don't try to time the market. You are much more likely to end up worse off by waiting.

Here's a hypothetical scenario for an SF home: A home that would have sold for 1.7m in 2015 blows up to 3.1m today, then the supposed bubble "pops" and it drops over the next year to 2.5m. Then over the following 5 years it recovers to 2.8m.

At no point was it a good idea to wait. Buying in 2015 was the best move. Buying today (at the supposed top of the bubble) only loses you 300k, while waiting to purchase cost you up to 1.4m. Buying post-pop costs you at least 800k, far more than you'd lose buying at the peak. All while paying rent instead of building equity.

Waiting for a bubble to pop assumes you have excellent timing, you invest $(mortgage - rent), that investment gains enough to offset the dead weight loss from paying rent, and that the pop is so catastrophic that home prices revert to the mean... all while this catastrophic scenario doesn't hurt your income/investments such that you are well-placed to take advantage of the pop (as opposed to laid-off or suffering from 50% losses on your investments).
I saw that yesterday and didn't post it because it was too scary lol
> innodb uses the primary key as a clustering index, or the first UNIQUE index if there's no PK.

In MSSQL, the primary key or the even a "Clustered index" is ultimately the ordering of a table. If a neither are provided then MSSQL uses an invisible row id column. If the clustered index is not made with the "UNIQUE" constraint, MSSQL will also create the row id column.

That is to say, yes, this article is very MySQL oriented.
The degree used to be a proxy for being upper class. But when it became available to the lower class due to loans and public schools, the degree lost its utility as a signal.
Assuming such a lawless state of affairs, having a large constellation of satellites in LEO already could be used to prevent competition from reaching orbit to challenge you. I am not sure many people have noticed, but in launching thousands of Starlink satellites, SpaceX has demonstrated their ability to implement the SDI/Star Wars proposal Brilliant Pebbles, which called for a thousand or more kinetic interceptors hanging out in LEO, waiting for enemy rocket launches to crash into. At the time, Brilliant Pebbles was an absurd proposal because it called for thousands of satellites, but SpaceX has already demonstrated that ability. They can already launch 60 satellites per launch, and apparently have plans to increase that several times over.

(It has occurred to me that Starlink might secretly be a Brilliant Pebbles installation already, waiting to be revealed as such if a major war were to break out. However I believe the thrusters on extant Starlink satellites are too weak for this. And they don't have the sensor suites for it either, at least officially.)
It’s interesting you imagine this as fiction. I have always thought it was inevitable.

It would only take one innovation in space propulsion, and I could easily see fighting over space real estate leading to the destruction of satellites.

Starlink seems particularly vulnerable, with the satellites lined up like dominoes.
A reference I like, based on your last point:

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.0050...
Cut is high, something like 91.25%. That should probably change. All the rest is whinging.
Even if all the changes that were happening were entirely natural, there's an argument to be made that we know we do well in the conditions that existed during industrialization, and that we should try to maintain the environment within those bands. If we knew the globe was heading into an ice age naturally, for example, I don't know that I'd be against trying to prevent that. I don't want mass starvation, etc.
> ...Starlink satellites are responsible for over half of all near-collisions in space, according to...

- and yet -

> ...there are approximately 228 million pieces of space debris...

So - either the mere ~1,700 Starlink satellites are ~100,000X hyper-achievers when it comes to near-collisions...or else the The Independent is yearning to win a "Lies...Damn Lies...Statistics" hype-achiever award.
This is really scary as a whole. Even though you have less interest rate you could be overpaying for you house by 100k+ in the current market.
When interest rates do rise in the future(if it doesn't we will have larger problems) more people will be underwater with their homes, some may choose not to pay as they may never be able to be positive on their homes.

Take into account that salaries are not rising at an equal level. This may be correcting itself:
"minimum wage" jobs are paying near/over double to get employees. If this wage increase is temporary homes would be way overpriced. If it is not temporary "white collar"/"blue collar" jobs have to increase their salaries to be competitive; which would allow property values to stay or rise over time.

Increase new home supply. Given that the demand is extremely high and home supply is limited there will likely be an increase in new home supply. On average it will take a few years before new homeowners develop some equity in their homes. During those years are where new homes have a really good market. This would lower the value of homes faster. Especially in states that had the most migration during the pandemic.

Something that negate everything and allow house prices to sore is the upcoming wealth transfer from the boomer + gen x wealth transfer to millennials. This will hurt a lot of minority communities as they didn't have the time to develop as much wealth(segregation being a big hindrance for black communities, and a large of first generation unskilled immigrants who's kids are now starting to improve the situation). Ultimately, this may lead to a larger wealth gap which can destroy a lot of things and how civilizations fall.

Let me leave it with this: Millennials and Gen-Z are going to be living in very interesting times.
Hehe, reminds me of this xkcd/2476 [1]

[1] https://xkcd.com/2476/
For most people I know, other than mask requirements when going out certain places and the constant fear mongering on TV, COVID-19 is completely over and their lives are back to normal, complete with in person graduation parties this summer, going to ball games, family gatherings like it doesn't exist, etc. Other than both my parents last year (who recovered, didn't need hospitalization but were very ill for 2 weeks) I don't know anyone who has gotten seriously ill from it since.
Thanks but note, I almost entirely hang out on irc. Don't wanna link here but I'm sure you can guess the channel :P

(Woe! A deeper rift than even incompatible epistemologies: incompatible chat clients!)
Only when you live in an Apple bubble which in practice comes down to the USA and parts of Europe. Elsewhere Apple is a margin player with the vast majority of mobile devices running Android. Telegram is available everywhere, for all "significant" devices and categories (desktop, mobile, web) which makes it a more universal option. It is growing at a rapid pace (200 million users in March 2018, 400 million users in April 2020, 500 million in January 2021 so probably around 600 million by now) with ~15% daily active users. This growth rate will probably increase with the recent brouhaha around Apple scanning devices in the hunt for illegal imagery.
Yeah, the only way I think Roblox could useful for kids is as a case study for how predatory game companies try to take your money.

For the creative side, there are other options. Play Minecraft, Trackmania and Super Mario Maker.
Question: Do the satellites fully disintegrate? What is the approximate maximum particle size of any leftovers? e.g. Will remnants ever not fully disintegrate and land on earth (people, buildings etc)?
As an interesting aside, the Christian International House of Prayer was a substantial mover behind the proposed Ugandan law to execute LGBTQIA+ people.
Low Ping Bastard

The person who runs the quake server can shoot you 5 times before your shot hits the server. Mostly mitigated by what, quake 3 era?
Taliban spokesman complains of Facebook censorship
I’ll take a cheaper house with higher interest rates (up to a point of course) all things being equal. More equity and interest is deductible.
I mean is a shit model but as long as you do all your transactions off marketplace it reduces fees significantly
For those of us who are not academics, what makes a seminar distinct from perhaps a typical industry conference and how come existing solutions such as Pheedloop do not fill that gap well?
What if Dave gets aggressive ALS and there is stem cell research that looks promising, but basically he has to help fund research? Does Dave need that now? Can he ask for it back?

I worked with people who tried to retire early but got embezzled. They knew someone whose wife got diagnosed with cancer months after retirement and that money just went poof. You can’t see the future, you don’t know.

What you know is that people overplan for emergencies and miss out on positive experiences because if it. These are not the same thing.
"the market makers don't see enough of a demand"

Again, how do they know how much demand there is? What are they measuring? They don't, and they don't care.

Market makers did not invest in GPS, fission, touchscreens or hundreds of other technologies - governments did. 'Market makers' commercialised them.
>Nothing bad with creating fun stuff for profit.

I think that's an oversimplification of the issue. OPs main point (as I read it) was that once a profit motive became dominant, it pushed out enthusiast/passion-motivated content creators, and as a result the output is distorted towards that which is profitable.
They'll preemptivly do it because the revenue is not a lot and the headache and worrying is not worth it. It's not black and white where something isn't allowed. There's likely more hoops you have to jump through. When it does get enforced its easier to just say we don't allow any transactions in that an even broader category than is currently being targeted.

And there isn't a button that says "exclude all payments in category [X]" that they can click and the next day they're cut off. It takes time, especially in a giant organization where there might be different regulations based on the content, jurisdiction, etc.

So it absolutely makes for them to cut it off preemptively.
Covid is going to be endemic like the flu and cold. It's not going to be eradicated, unfortunately, and I don't think we've come to terms with this yet.

Now what's our plan exactly? Get vaccinated every 6 - 12 months indefinitely and always wear masks? What's our goal and what's our new normal?
> shipping more & sooner than you otherwise could, at the expense of ever being able to make the best version of your app

This reads like "you need to let perfect be the enemy of good", which is typically not the tradeoff to take while trying to build a business.

I would further even posit that the "best version" of many apps is the one that has been iterated on the most, and if Electron allows for faster iteration, then the Electron version will be the best version, even if it uses a few more runtime compute resources (which everyone has plenty of anyway...).

> people who all have a vague distaste for the app, but they use it anyway, because that's the game, that's how they get work done

There are plenty of Electron apps I use daily that I have no distaste for or reservations around; some are done poorly, yes, but you can build shitty apps with or without Electron. I've found that most Electron apps I use are better for having used Electron.

I don't care one bit if an app uses an extra 100 megs of my RAM or whatever - it's 2021, memory is cheap, dev time is expensive.

The native-performance-purist crusade against Electron is really overblown, and I mostly see it from people who've never actually used Electron or otherwise tried to ship a desktop application themselves.

In spots where performance actually matters, and Electron is actually a performance barrier, yea sure go native (like putting record/encode/send in a native module as mentioned further up here), but otherwise please do eat a few more of my computer's resources if it ultimately lets you offer me more polished tools.
> 1.8

What's the confidence interval?
This is a really great question. Technically speaking, any single mutation defines a new strain. But that's not how we tend to talk about it either to the general public or amongst clinicians. Rather we use a more informal notion of a significant functional change. We do this because there is, somewhat surprisingly, no real term that reflects the category of "new strain with significant or interesting functional effects."
“Letting this narrative persist”

As if it’s in their purview to control. Ask the poor PR folks at CFA (chicken QSR)
Does anyone know any more about the Apollo Moon Project simulator? It looks remarkably advanced for 1967 and I can't find anything more about it. Would love to see the code for it.
Exactly this. I would love to see the Japanese Sony engineer hiding in the closet from Steve Jobs.
> My colleague who implemented the "faster ingest" process was viewed by PM and others as interfering and threatening to others. He'd only been there 18 months, how could he possibly know better than DevX, who's been with the company 5 years, and knows the problem space so well??

Profit sharing won't achieve anything if you are bad at filtering bad hires.

The point of profit sharing/stock comp is to get a better pipeline of applicants. It's them up to the company to filter adequately (remember: everyone whose mother told them they were "good at computers" because they play videogames all day applied at Google). A company that doesn't do stock comp is not serious in my book.

"A players hire A players, B players hire C players. Do you get it?" [0]

[0] https://www.folklore.org/StoryView.py?story=How_to_Hire_Insa...
It doesn't cost too much, because the employer doesn't pay for it; the candidates do.
> I have been patiently waiting for the next "bubble" to pop,

The moratorium on evictions (due to COVID-19) still lingers on. When it once and finally ends, things will change.

Companies switched to remote work, allowing people more flexibility in where they could live, and giving them fewer expenses. Those companies will either 1) Require their people to switch back to in-office work, or 2) Start to ask why they need to hire US workers in high cost-of-living cities, when remote world could be done from countries with far less expensive employees.

In either case, you'll start to see people shifting where they live, either because it's no longer practical to live in that area, or because they can't really afford it.

So hold tight. I can't tell you exactly what all the changes will look like, but things will certainly change, soon.
Most will not pass up an opportunity to keep their job or get promoted, so I think the practical answer lies elsewhere in the research pipeline.
Well, in this case, it was an opinion piece, not a journalist. And they definitely do have an axe to grind.
We were about to put an offer down on a home in a rural-ish area of north Nashville when we got additional information that showed it was ~120k overvalued. It still ended up with multiple offers in less that 24 hours.
Some of you are absurd. Landing rockets is a neat trick? Okay, how about doing it for NASA contracts?

Enough.
Race is correlated with and impacted by ancestry/genetics, but it is not how race is defined. For example, there is far more genetic diversity within Africa than outside of Africa. All of that diversity is mostly collapsed into "Black" in US racial classification though.

So, questions for you, assuming you're in the US: how do you know whether people are Black? I am sure you at least know of some individuals who are Black, so how do you know that they are Black?
I've been working towards calling mine a "Pewter" like Com"puter" for Pocket Computer.
Always love to see a 6502 post here on HN. It's a really unique processor compared to other 8-bit processors at the time. With only one general purpose register, and memory mapped IO, the 6502 offers a ton of "addressing modes" to solve problems that the 8080 would solve with register transfers.

Ben Eater (http://beneater.net/) makes a neat video series and accompanying product kit where you build a 6502 on a breadboard, if you're looking for something a little more approachable than this (very cool) project!
I still do not understand that Google announcement.

I use Google Auto on my car display. It starts when I connect the phone with a USB cable.

At the same time, I see on the phone that an app as started. Isn't this Google Auto? In other words, could I uninstall today the Google Auto app and still project on my car display?
A great deal of (most?) last-mile connections are still over copper, so this capability is still common.
Yes, you can spend it in-game at the full value.

I'm not sure if this has been mentioned yet, but it's also important to note that not all Robux is equal. There's more information at https://en.help.roblox.com/hc/en-us/articles/115005718246 under section 3.B.
/Should/ be yes, but we repeatedly see people who come into a windfall blow it all almost immediately on fancy cars and vacations and end up worse off than when they started. (See: professional athletes.)

I'm doing okay but I worked for what I have. I'm pretty financially savvy compared to the median person and even /I/ can't say with 100% certainty that if I ran into $55 mil somehow that I would be able to save/invest it all responsibly.
100% of the Starlink satellites burn up during re-entry. End-of-life satellites are intentionally deorbited. Failed satellites are in such a low orbit that they will self-deorbit after 5 years due to atmospheric drag without their orbit being boosted.
The problem here is that unlike the "did you mean to search for" text that makes it obvious that they're showing you what they thought you were looking for in regular search results, they're not doing something like that here, and it's unclear if that's because their model is so loose that they don't actually have knowledge that this is what they're doing (i.e. it's baked in), or if it's just an oversight.

The former is a problem because it promulgates incorrect information and provides veracity to mistakes and misconceptions, and if it's the latter, why wasn't it fixed long ago?
Emergency beacons are overkill for hiking and camping. But they're mandatory for backcountry skiing IMO, where there's a significant risk of an accident that makes you invisible from the surface, e.g., by avalanche, or falling into a tree well:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_well