skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
TLDR: Think of it like Zotero having field names that change depending on the item type. If you select "Journal Article", the CSL `container-title` field is displayed as "Publication", whereas for a book chapter, it's "Book Title". The `software` type in CSL gets a similar treatment in Zotero, and CFF is like that but as a YAML schema for writing by hand. Additionally, you get to give reference data for the dependencies or datasets you built the present one from.

The main page for CFF does not argue for its existence very effectively. You're better off reading the schema (https://github.com/citation-file-format/citation-file-format...). Two takeaways:

1. It is is specifically for citing software and datasets. Only those two things. The fields look useful for its intended purpose: You can have multiple dois, for different versions of the software as published. You can include a few more different URLs than most formats, like zipped repo contents for a version or a dataset download link (repository-artifact) etc. If you use the preferred-citation field to point people to a paper instead, then you are warned it is against the principle of citing software and datasets as if they are papers themselves.

2. Unfortunately, though, because the schema only has enough fields for citing those two, if your software is (e.g.) an implementation of an algorithm described in a paper, you cannot express that in CFF. There is a `references` field, but in reality it can only contain other software and datasets because CFF can't describe anything else. It would be better if there were separate fields for CFF software/dataset references and other kinds of reference data, the latter incorporating CSL-JSON by reference. CSL-JSON isn't really written by hand except by a handful of people making CSL tests (me!); the point of such a field would be a space to dump an export from your reference library.

So in sum, what is the advantage of this?

- Anything but JSON. People hate writing it by hand.

- Software-specific field names, whereas if you used CSL-JSON directly `date-released` would be `issued`... who issues software?

- Separates the "main" citation and the "references", whereas other formats are a flat dump of a reference library. It's got structure enough to produce different bibtex/etc for different versions of the code, selectable at conversion time.

(Disclosure: I work for Zotero.)
> How does that work in practice? Is there a syntax for using them and just not one for creating them? How are they defined in standard library code?

They’re special-cased in the compiler, with bespoke implementations.
Ok, so you like that. I myself really hated when I used float32 and had to do this when I was doing calculations:

result = (float32)Max((float64)a, (float64)b)

I ended up switching the type to float64, and wonder why they even offer float32 if it's practically unusable. I had similar experience when I needed to use int8 or int16 etc.

An alternative was to make own version of Max/Min and other math functions, but this is what generics would solve.
> Usually, if you are thinking about generics you are reaching for abstraction when you don't need to be.

That's pretty laughable considering the language designers included type-parameterized collections in the language. Apparently they recognized the need for them; they just didn't think you were smart enough to make your own. After all, Go was explicitly designed for programmers who are, in the words of its creator, "not capable of understanding a brilliant language".
Nor do custom tooltips though because the majority of websites and apps fire them on a mouseover event.
Workers making a living playing the blockchain game Axie Infinity
I've never understood why we change things on the internet so much. I've got muscle memory after 10 years of navigating the docs. Seriously why did you just decide to remove my workflow?
Can confirm, wife had a similar issue and tried to buy an oculus to get in touch with a human - said person could not help at all. Ended up having to use her network to get in touch with a Facebook employee who got it handled immediately.
Maybe you use a different kind of pipe. My pipes allow me to send binary, typed data, e.g. protobuf. For example: http://temk.github.io/protobuf-utils/ .

Do you know a good set of command line utilities to work with binary typed data?
Both Microsoft and Apple are treating users like they don't care now. And probably 99.99999% of the users don't.

Today you have to run Linux to control your computer yourself.
Through a number of months each year at my house, shaded gardening at almost any time of the day, or sitting outside for a drink with friends in the afternoon, is a constant battle with mosquitoes. It's a largely dry and urban area but all it takes is a neighbour with an uncovered watertank or still pond and it is quickly frustrating. It's not tropical or swampy. No lakes. Barely have creeks. And Aboriginal populations were here long before settlers arrived centuries ago to displace them.
What they meant by accuracy and precision was actually about which is the average value and which is the variance of the duration of a clock period.

What you want is that both the average duration of a clock period is exactly a certain fraction of a second and also its variance is very small.

However, you cannot have both in the same clock device.

For atomic clocks, you know very well which is the average value, but the duration of the clock periods has a large variance.

For sapphire clocks, the variance of the duration of the clock periods is very small but the average value is known only approximately.

According to the terminology used in the article, someone who shoots accurately spreads the shots over a large area, but the center of the area is the same as the center of the shooting target.

On the other hand, someone who shoots precisely sends all the shots through the same hole in the shooting target, but that hole is far from the center of the target.

The result of the difficulty of having both high accuracy and high precision in the same clock device is that whenever you measure short times, you must use either quartz clocks for a cheaper solution or sapphire clocks for higher precision (or also hydrogen masers in the past, before the development of sapphire clocks).

Because the average frequency of the precise clock is not known, you must either measure it periodically with an atomic clock and correct digitally the measurement results or you must use a PLL loop to adjust continuously the frequency to be in a certain ratio with the average frequency of the atomic clock.
That’s not their plan:

https://twitter.com/neilanalien/status/627873374505562112?s=...
In practice today a CA would want to actually have physical control over the infrastructure signing for your intermediate, meaning the actual hardware would live in their data centre and they would administrate it, but presumably you'd be paying for it (rackspace in a high availability secure data centre) so that's not going to be free and doesn't offer you any capability you wouldn't have via something like ACME.

To give you physical control over the intermediate basically means they're staking their entire reputation on you doing what you promised and never screwing up.

You could imagine this working with a constrained intermediate, except I can more or less guarantee that the day after you commit to such a thing you discover a client you care about can't handle the constraint, and so you ask for it to be relaxed, whereupon you are back in the exact same situation.

Mozilla requires CAs to tell them about every unconstrained intermediate, so there's actually a complete list you can go look at. It is not large.
Parametric polymorphism is a better fit for container types IMHO. There are some interesting notes here…

In Go prior to generics, interface{} is an escape hatch less frequently needed but not necessarily much safer than void*. Post generics, interface{} is suddenly more useful and will be aliased by ‘any’.

The way the std lib heap works in Go, an implementation doesn’t have to mention interface{}. Using the Go std lib solution is about satisfying a few interfaces, defining some methods for sorting and swapping over the element type. The use of interface{} is internal.

Go’s generics solution is going to have type constraints, which I think will be very familiar to some and probably new to others … So, the Go generics PQ should still require some constraints on elements, not ’any’thing will work. I’ve really enjoyed constraints in languages and it’s not quite natural in C++/Java, but Go’s interfaces already do some ‘constraint’ work conceptually and can be used as constraints in Go’s generics syntax. I’m interested to see how this plays out.
https://richmondbizsense.com/2021/03/04/capital-raises-net-n...
you guys still use facebook?
Why do the children pretend play? [pdf]
Regarding km/l or mpg, see https://what-if.xkcd.com/11/ which points out that the area term of the reciprocal - eg, liters per 100 kilometers - has a more direct physical interpretation:

> "If you took all the gas you burned on a trip and stretched it out into a thin tube along your route, 0.1 square millimeters would be the cross-sectional area of that tube [in a car which gets 20 MPG]"
I'd hardly call that a "racist episode".
How do you find contract work like this? Freelancing directly with a client is hard especially if they're non-tech. Contracting strictly as a programming-time-for-hire appeals me more.
Hah, I was wondering the same thing. I would be almost sure it was except for the very elaborate site -- too much even for a very dedicated joke.

Well, I admire their chutzpah.
Inreach Mini is totally worth the weight, not just for SOS but texting people (2-way) or getting weather reports. I've used it just for meeting up with people who also had Inreaches in places with spotty reception (many climbing areas). On a big climbs you can send check in messages to people at home.
Here Master's is a requirement for quite many jobs such as teaching. Bachelor's is enough for jobs such as preschool teachers and pharmacy clerks.

Technical sciences didn't have a Bachelor's even as an option until some time ago. I think it wasn't seen as useful, and still these days Master's is the default. Tuition is free so there's no direct cost associated with studying longer.
It boils down to using Linux if you want privacy.
The US only has one major problem at the moment: Biden appears to have dementia (reported since 2012), which allows people behind the scenes to gain control of US policy, and foreign countries to perceive the US as weak.

Those people behind the scenes are Marxists, but at least they will not be able to pass any bills after the 2022 mid-terms.

Biden is old enough to remember (if being of sound mind?) both the Benghazi attacks and the Iran hostage situation, so today's Afghanistan situation is ridiculous.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Benghazi_attack

(Mortars are pretty big and heavy, usually taking 2-3 people to carry and set them up, so calling those "spontaneous attacks" is laughable.)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis

When you have 5,000 nuclear weapons pointed at you, you simply cannot have a President with dementia.
To me it seems like the REPL is the eventual solution. A shell is pretty much one already, you install programs in the same way one loads libraries in a repl. It lacks a language to glue them together since bash is not up to the task. The reason people want structured data and not just text is to be able to glue programs in the same way you can with functions.

The glue should be structured data, none of that object bs. It should also have the option for plain text because sometimes that is all you need and you want simple tasks to remain simple. I'm guessing you'll use some sort of binary spec in order to help in the conversion of data structures between languages.

Once you have the communication between programs handled all you need is a decent language to handle the logic. The language doesn't really matter though since the core that allows all of this is not tied to any one language. I'm sure plenty of people would write their own wrapper for their favorite language.
Nothing against a good old shell script. But there is IMO a threshold of complexity beyond which shell scripts become unwieldy and where any scripting language starts to become the more rational choice.

I still have python scripts from 10 years ago that happily do their job. I just had to swap print foo for print(foo) at one point when I changed from python 2 to 3 everywhere
It's the belief that you are your body and that one body model is better than another body model. The first belief is considered a self-evident truth today because questioning it is "unscientific". The second isn't really wrong, but when it's mixed with the first idea, it turns into racism.
i wish we could come up with new tech for websites already. this html, css, js, css feels like being stuck in 18th century. just piling one shit spec on another. like, css still cannot do vertical centering to this day. and js had to come up with shadow dom and all that crap to make rendering faster. time to move on.
pattern 1: making outdated assumptions about the audience’s knowledge

pattern 2: having inconsistent expectations of the reader’s knowledge

pattern 3: strained analogies

pattern 4: pretty pictures on confusing explanations

pattern 5: unrealistic examples

pattern 6: jargon that doesn’t mean anything

pattern 7: missing key information

pattern 8: introducing too many concepts at a time

pattern 9: starting out abstract

pattern 10: unsupported statements

pattern 11: no examples

pattern 12: explaining the “wrong” way to do something without saying it’s wrong
You might be interested in the book Inventing Temperature by Hasok Chang which looks at similar questions but for temperature instead of time, both historically and philosophically. For example, you can define a temperature scale using the boiling point of water, but how do you know water always boils at the same temperature without a temperature scale? (And of course, it doesn't -- even at constant pressure, liquid water can exceed 100°C without boiling)
Interesting there was no mention of slow wave sleep (sws) in the study.

People with apnea have reduced SWS, which is responsible for the release of growth hormone, which is tied to testosterone.
No generics, and lack of error handling are why I bounced off Go.

Can I write a generic data structure? No. You have to cast from interface{}.

Java 1.4.2 is dead, and rightly so.

And manual error checking? No. Get that garbage out of my control flow. I'm not going to a language that has worse error handling than C. At least in C you can factor it out.
It's amusing to think that all the peripherals individually probably have more transistors than the CPU itself. Neither USB nor Ethernet controllers are particularly simple.
Predicting star formation properties with deep learning
"China’s population is ageing even faster than anticipated; its workforce is shrinking. Sky-high private-sector debt is weighing on growth."
I might as well been the engineer that reached out toward you. But in the end, I was let go as support is not earned any metric into performance.
You're right that a templating language would reduce the code and make it easier to read.
>You can use Omni OS or Solaris as a desktop and i bet it's vastly more Desktop capable the Haiku.

Yep, it is a well known phenomenon some folks like to larp as mainframe administrator on their home pc but it wont make a server OS a desktop OS. This is also true for linux.

>No ZFS is a filesystem, and the Omni OS installer copies the image from the iso to the disk, the haiku installer is not a OS too.

I meant you can definetely use zfs tools to clone a volume, but who want to read the zfs user guide for this? From the user POV starting the Installer and picking the new target to copy the whole installed and personalized system on a GUI is the simplest way. No other desktop OS does this, because while programmers know the storage technologies evolving every day and storage space was always an important question, nobody tried to help to the user to move the installed system to a different disk, instead they offer sketchy 3rdparty disk cloning tools.

Mediocre solution, but we never expected anything else from programmers, most of them dumb / soulless.
I heard that Google has decided to force everyone to get vaccinated before the end of August if they want to remain employed.

I don't know if people leaving has something to do with that, but personally, I would leave immediately.
Yes. I use PyCharm specifically for its debugger.
I responded to your comment in good faith, giving you a different perspective from the dominant one here.

Instead of responding to that you’re going “haha I was right!!!”

Good for you I guess?
The people who cared about Go not having generics (myself included) moved on. The time for a well designed language with Generics was five years ago.

The only people who care about Go now are the ones who convinced themselves that casting from empty interfaces was okay.
30 years ago I switched to daily contact lenses to be able to play rugby. This was one of the best switches of my life and of course today I have no problem with masks. If you can, I really advise this.

Another option would be to wear a more efficient mask, a less leaking one. I find FFP2 to be quite convenient past the first few seconds when you're surprised by the difference of air flow. Those masks have the advantage of not moving, you don't typically have to adjust them and there's no fog on glasses.
Sure I have no idea why the case was mild. This is just me saying "I seem to know a lot of vaccinated people who had mild cases".

"it just seems to me that someone having caught it and had a very mild case wouldn't logically jump to "it isn't less deadly."

I wasn't basing that on my own experience, just on random reports of studies I've picked up on. In two different studies from Canada and Scotland for example, patients infected with the Delta variant were more likely to be hospitalized than patients infected with Alpha or the original virus strains. So it does a least seem possible that it's both more infectious and more deadly to hospitalized individuals than other strains. It does seem like an unusual mutation therefore in that its both more deadly in theory, and more infectious. This is all I'm saying here.
> As soon as you add activations and layers, you're improving on SVD/PCA

You're expanding the space of realizable functions, which is an improvement in a specific sense, but not in all senses! The SVD, since it is better understood theorist theoretically, is a more straightforward problem to solve robustly. There are fewer hyperparameters (like learning rate) to choose, and you aren't left wondering whether your solution is at a bad local minimum.

I think it's wrong to think that it's an obvious improvement.
"is this entry describing (a) bridge (b) event" should have some reasonable way to answer.

So far I have not found way to achieve this without laboriously maintaining my own database of errata, and new exceptions keep appearing.
Orlando declares water shortage linked to rise in Florida Covid-19 cases
I wish this wasn't written just for programmers, so I could share it with more people.
> They don't want the non-performing Googlers (who possibly might outnumber the high-performing ones) working remote though.

They don't want to increase the performance of the low-performers?

When Google got big, it got stupid.
No, they don't have type erasure.
Either a language changes to keep interest up and bring in a new audience, or it's left behind by advances to and the status quo (and what's considered a minimum set of features) and stagnates.

Just look at Perl. Stuff written 20 years ago is likely to work without change on the newest release more often than not. For certain work contexts, like system utilities and long life core programs, this can be amazingly useful.

And all it will cost you is the slow decay of your community until eventually they're almost all gone, and nobody releases supported libraries for you anymore, and there's not even enough community left to provide community support for many new services and technologies.

If you stick around one thing long enough you're destined to be disappointed one way or the other.
I’d imagine no os has a way to see if changes are made by the user or by malware, otherwise you’d just prevent the changes.
>Back in my day, we made mods for fun, and then we used the skills we learned to get jobs doing something corporate.

Back in your day, ID etc weren't profiting off of the mods you made. They were shared freely in other fan spaces.

Apples, oranges.
> Of course you'd still want to verify the attestation on the server side.

You almost certainly do not want to do this for a public web site. If you insist on attestation right thinking people will hit "No" and block the site.

Think about it, what is attestation doing for you in this scenario? You're saying that you don't trust your users/ customers to pick the authentication methods that work for them, and instead you're going to insist on methods you prefer. Do you also choose each user's passwords? "No, sorry, that resembles an English word, we have selected the password 48'J3X$q)M3NBfr_2 for you instead" ?

In a corporate environment this could make sense. If you issue every employee a $100 FooCorp Security Key with their photo engraved on it, maybe you decide to require attestation that the keys used are FooCorp brand keys to prevent employees adding some off-brand Yubico product. I don't know whether that's a good idea, but it's no crazier than lots of corporate policies, however doing this for a public site makes no sense, please just skip attestation.
Nvidia's takeover of Arm raises serious concerns, says watchdog
I'm not trolling. The trouble is that the systems that ban people from cloud platforms are largely automated. And if you trip a wired you have no recourse to talk with an human being, so the actual written lines in the ToS aren't very relevant.
If you use a standard distance metric for your embedding space, won't the triangle inequality still imply a slightly weaker version of these chains? I.e. if A-B and B-C are both smaller than epsilon, then A-C is smaller than 2*epsilon?
> I might rather be depressed.

After experiencing both, I vastly prefer being on SSRIs, no contest. Probably wouldn't be here right now without them.
New to me, thanks.

https://amiunique.org
Tooltips on mobile are tough.

Tooltips usually are on links. For example here on HN, hover over "11 minutes ago" in the comment header and it shows the time. Could this be made available to mobile users? Seems tricky. My first thought would be to show it when the user taps and holds. But that also triggers the browsers default context menu for links. So it would make a murky experience.
Yeah, while I recognize this and even do it myself, it does seem sad. We are too "busy" to talk to the people we like and care about? All interactions have to be "scheduled"? Somehow, things have gone deeply wrong.
Doesn't answer the question: why? BibTex, and others, has been around forever. A lot of software already interconvert Ris, Bibtex, Xml...

At least tell me what is your new format trying to solve, like Png solved Gif flaws. My bibliography DB is in bibtex, my citable repos include a bibtex, and I'm not switching to this thing.

What would I do? Create a doc explaining how our service now parses a file called CITATION that could be a Ris or a Bibtex, with the following fields: A,B,C... and that's it.
Show HN: Inlets (0.9.0) Measure and monitor your inlets tunnels
Measurements

Read reviews

Noise

Colour

Price

The list goes on and on!
I’ve always thought that one of the most important functions of the judicial system is to balance the equities of majorities and minorities. There are numerous examples of courts striking down unconstitutional laws with majority support.