skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> You are so hung up on the types that you are just failing to take in the essence of what's going on.

The post is about type-driven design, which is about representing invariants in the type system where possible. The post is very clear about this. The example chosen to illustrate it is a very simple one where a list is augmented with an extra property (non-emptiness). The exact representation is not important, so yes they could have created their own custom type instead of using (NonEmpty a) but this is beside the point. You have now made two attempts to 'improve' this representation, first by just using a plain list (which the post explicitly rejects) and now by just using a single 'cache dir' instead. You can't 'simplify' the solution by just throwing away half the requirements - it's a collection of items which must also be non-empty.

> The author's example code is NOT illustrating parsing. Period

Once again, the author is very clear about what they mean by 'validation' and 'parsing':

The difference lies entirely in the return type: validateNonEmpty always returns (), the type that contains no information, but parseNonEmpty returns NonEmpty a, a refinement of the input type that preserves the knowledge gained in the type system.

The entire point of 'parsing' in this approach is to obtain a refinement of the input type in the representation. Your 'better' example is not a refinement of a list.

You appear to be insisting that validation is just anything that throws exceptions, but this is wrong - validation is when the properties being checked are not reflected in the input type. Parsers have to be able to signal errors, and exceptions is one of the ways of doing that. This is why your previous example of 'parsing' is just validating:

const dirs = getEnv("dirs").split(",");
if (dirs.length < 1) throw "ERROR";
return dirs;

The type of this expression is just `[String]` which does not guarantee the non-emptiness being checked. If you have another definition of validation vs parsing you need to state it clearly, because your counterexamples do not contradict the definition in the post.

> Their examples are defining a function with a guard that validates the input. The author then get confused and decides to go on this side-quest of how to trick the compiler because the first function wasn't actually accomplishing their goal (they have to validate twice!). But you know what would have avoided all of it? Parsing

This is literally what the post is showing by switching

getConfigurationDirectories :: IO [FilePath]

with

getConfigurationDirectories :: IO (NonEmpty FilePath)

you keep insisting this is 'not parsing' but the post explains why they think it qualifies and you haven't given your own definition which contradicts it.

> It's just a matter of fact that the author is (mis)using `Maybe` to the detriment of their example

There's no mis-use of Maybe in the post, and as I've already explained, the point of the post is to eliminate Maybes. It's only used in two places - to represent the partiality of the head and nonEmpty functions.
At least until you’ve gotten down to the daily limit, yes.

People in the US might have 50-100g of ‘sugar’ in their non-fat coffee, 50-100g of ‘sugar’ in their smoothie at lunch, and then a ‘sugar’ dessert at night. Whether that’s fructose, glucose, sucrose, honey, HFCS is not important relative to consuming 500% of the daily limit. No food marketing actually says that, so I thought I’d better do so.
The difference is payment of time in care work, and not just for childcare but also for other forms of care (disabled, elderly).

Another very big issue is poverty. Time used for raising children doesn't count into pension payments, meaning that women who divorce from their husbands end up without anything in their name in the worst case.
Or could it be that they can "read" because they can't "write" the room? If you struggle to interact, you probably pay much more attention to what's going on than other people, as part of an attempt to learn how to do it.
Banning meat would effectively ban animal farming, which would make most land based food production unviable - animals essential to farm sustainably; fertilizer, seedbed preparation, weed control, seed spreading...and many others.
There's nothing "wrong" with XAML, at least nothing "more" wrong than what folks are _really_ comparing it to, which is HTML/CSS/Javascript concoctions.

I like it because it's relatively easy to make half-decent-looking UI's that have excellent functionality. If you need bigger guns, there's some powerful libraries you can use for more polished UI's or you can roll your own with a lot of effort and a long learning curve. For corporate in-house apps, it's hard to beat WPF/XAML.

The same is simply NOT true for anything web-based. I see it is getting better with CSS grid. At least layout is becoming sane-r than the days of tables, flex-box, and bootstrap-everything. But you still have house-of-cards javascript library dependencies on a boat-load of complexity. I realize that the folks who do web-apps day-in-day-out see it differently.

I also remember the winform days when people could make ridiculously elaborate high-function UI's with breath-taking speed. These would look ugly and dated by today's standards (especially on today's high-resolution monitors), but that development speed, the ability to just execute what you want quickly, is sadly missing today. WPF/XAML comes close but that winforms speed is just gone. Unless you want to do winforms-- which you CAN if you really want to, along with wearing double-knit polyester pants with bell-bottoms.
Sorry for the stupid question, but what is the benefit of building a C compiler nowadays, and what is interesting about this particular one?
Giant coral is the widest ever found in the Great Barrier Reef
Tesla reveals Tesla AI chip [video]
Of course the reason given isn't "I got caught by my wife", it's "I don't know how that charge got there, it must be ... fraud".

Payment processors are required to maintain a certain chargeback rate with the card companies and so that risk gets passed on to the merchants.

This is all exceedingly well documented and a Google search away if you'd like to learn the inner workings of it.
These are the kind of companies where it's easy to see it's net positive. It's not trying to sell something that spends more resources, instead it reduces resource usage.
I don't draw it at age, I draw it at coercion. If someone is pressuring someone else into uploading nakes pics that's bad, age would just be an aggravating factor in the badness when deciding how much to punish.

While the idea of a six year old uploading naked pics makes me extremely uncomfortable I think that's a parenting issue (something has probably gone very wrong and that's what needs fixing, not the symptom of posting online), not something to be governed at the payment processor level.
Producing graduates with irrelevant education and a huge debt is the opposite of social mobility.
It didn’t seem like the commenter didn’t know what Redux was, but more that they in using it as prescribed they still ran into the same issues. I was suggesting not using/needing redux mostly to reduce the starting level of complexity
>Yes, interruptions happen IRL, but they aren't systematically happening every other sentence.

No, you usually have to go see Shakespeare for that.
Would you call a virus that predominantly infects a particular ethnic group "racist"? Would you call alcohol or milk "racist" because Europeans, North Siberian and Alaskan peoples, and East-Asian peoples react differently to them?

I'd say something like "race-biased" or "race-sensitive" would be a more proper term.

You can't read minds, but you can read laws. Laws state the intent expressly, and also state the policy expressly. This is why "racist" can be very exactly applied to some laws (like those mandating segregation, different rights, etc, depending on the race). So, to my mind, using the word "racist" to denote intentional action makes enough sense.
When you look at air pollutants like NOx, NH3, NMVOC, etc. excreta deposited by grazing livestock has a lower emission factor than those deposited in yards/housing, where corn-fed cattle are usually kept. [0]

> The more time grazing livestock are housed, the smaller the proportion of their excreta deposited on grazed pastures will be, and hence the smaller the emissions from those pastures.

[0]: https://www.eea.europa.eu/ds_resolveuid/8e90ca718fd34d5786c1...
That is a security risk that Google is causing here. While I agree that URLs shouldn't necessarily be used to store secrets, the usual password reset mail is nothing else and the mechanism has merit.

https://www.w3.org/TR/capability-urls/

It is also a good way to communicate between two parties that don't want to have user account in any service, we constantly request input from B2B customers by providing forms with a capability URLs. An no, we don't want to use an identity provider. Maybe good ones like auth0. Amazon Cognito is pretty decent in my opinion, but Amazon is also big tech. Industrial espionage is something real for that matter.

We have mail providers that respect privacy, just saying... I don't understand the love for Gmail at all, especially when you use a mail client, which I would heavily recommend to everyone.

Ironically a lot of security scanner also do follow links. Understandable, but I just hope they don't plaster the logs too much...
What does the future hold for readers and writers on Twitter?
Sure. Not sure how old this situation is: there's an enormous amount of migration in the ME in the last century or so.

For the modern history, part of the problem was that the Baath party, and the Iraqi state in general, was kinda a sunni-only thing. Afaik the british arranged it that way with King Faisal (II? I?).
It was a funny. Laugh.
"I don't believe that such a secret organization does not use basic security measures..."

I'm sure it does. Yet every day people leave secrets on buses and leave their devices unlocked and write the password on post-it notes and on and on and on and on.

Your argument seems circular. People that don't make mistakes don't make mistakes, therefore they didn't make this mistake. Great. What about people that do make mistakes? Which is basically all people.
Caddy and ZeroSSL are the same company, "Stack Holdings GmbH".

It used to be prominent on the respective pages, but is now stated in the footer.
Complexity of the FAF infrastructure and why throwing money at it doesn't fix
My guess is he probably figured it'd be cheaper to spend the money on development, especially since it'll be a redevelopment from the ground up following different design-engineering principles as new constraints; including designed to be mass produced which BD robots don't seem streamlined for and are arguably overkill for general use (and not needing to handle heavy loads nor do parkour etc).
I will take on any wagers that this this thing will not be walking around making gin and tonics in 16 months or 5 years.

And neither will he have L5 self driving cars.

Surely, he knows it. So then you have to ask why is he knowingly duping?

I bet he feels he can get away wit some BS as long as there's some actual product traction.

Like the successful launch of a super-heavy or whatever gives him leeway to make a little fib.
> Clone the full experience on a dedicated site, OnlyFantasy.com, duplicate the whole userbase, and give a simple warning that I can find my favorite stars on another site. In time, the user bases will diverge naturally depending on interests.

This is exactly what Gfycat did. They took the same backend infrastructure, made it into a porn site (Redgifs), and moved all the porn gifs on Gfycat over to the new site.
Researchers revive the dream of a martian habitat in Arizona–in miniature
Yep. I have loved Ars for years. But its community has taken a dark turn.
Certificates used to be issued with validity up to 10 years way back. There's no technical bound on the validity period AFAIK, but all major browsers will now refuse to trust certificates with validity periods > 1 year so this can be considered the practical limit.

I'm not aware of a dedicated service that offers free 1-year certs in the style of LetsEncrypt, but they'll often be available from e.g. hosting providers as part of a package. Hard to imagine a use-case where 90-day renewals aren't a better option, anyway.
For starters Adam Sandler, Chris Rock, Andy Samberg, Kevin Hart and Jackie Chan to name a few.

I consider them all to be funnier than Will Ferrell, but personal taste is highly subjective.
I think we should absolutely do all of that, for more reasons than just reducing crime.

Specifically talking about crime though, I think it becomes diminishing returns. Some countries in Western Europe are not a million miles from that ideal and still have a non-negligible crime rate and homelessness rate.

Mental health support is probably the biggest thing missing, at least in part because we (as a planet) are quite bad at treating it. I expect (and hope) that that's the area that will have the biggest advances in medical treatment over the next couple of decades.
The benefit is mainly that it is interesting and easy to learn/experiment because it has a very small and tidy implementation..

Just an example, building cproc from source takes a few seconds - building gcc from source takes like 15 minutes at least.
The hardware for such things doesn't exist yet, we don't know how to make it.

Have you seen Boston Dynmamics robots? And their clunky size and shape? And compared those to the life-like body of the Tesla demo?

We don't know how to make such robots yet.
That’d be “data” if the American prison system was just. But it isn’t.
an evolutionary arms-race will follow resulting in conscient weed-killer robots
thats a big TIL

caddy is actually great! auto ssl
Humans have certainly destroyed a lot of ecosystems, like a volcanic eruption or meteor impact would. So wild nature would recover from that, reclaiming corn fields etc.

But humans have also transported life around, destroying diversity of ecosystems. That's a different kind of change. I guess it's similar to continent configuration changes, like Pangaea or so.
What about cold blooded well planning rapists who work as cops?
Some get better, some are disasters waiting to happen.

Source: Norwegians do this. It is not every day it seems but there absolutely are multiple cases each years of people with violent pasts who become violent again given the opportunity.

There are two types of prison sentences here: ordinary and "forvaring" (best translation I could come up with is "detainment") which practically means they get to serve a minimum sentence anyway but won't be released until the specialists consider them reasonably safe. Kind of close to life but with a chance of parole, only the parole is meant to be the rule, not the exception.

For now it seems to work well enough, but if the rate climbs I think they will have to make adjustments.
What was the biggest game ever in the arcade scene? I remember in Akihabara in the 90s they were screening Virtua Vighter matches outside because the crowds were too big to fit into the arcade centers. The loser had to make place for the next guy in line and there seemed to be no limit of new contestants. I tried my luck (not skill) a few times and IIRC even won once.
Since synthetic fertiliser are mostly produced from fossil fuels it should be effected by a generalized carbon tax.

But I am not sold that one have to apply a carbon tax to everything at the same time. Eutrophication has turned a major portion of the baltic ocean into the dead sea and if left to continue we won't have anything left alive there for a very long time. On that environmental crisis alone synthetic fertiliser pollution need to be addressed. That it also is derived from fossil fuels and a major contributor to global warming is all more reasons to focus carbon taxes on synthetic fertiliser specifically.
3.3% of greenhouse emissions seems too low. Global livestock overall may contribute to about 14% of greenhouse gas emissions[1]. There are also other forms of pollution including farm runoff (ocean dead zones , zoonotic disease), land use (forest destruction), soil degradation, etc.

[1] http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/197623/icode/

correction: removed N2O nitrous oxide is also a greenhouse gas which is included.
DOTA? I guess that’s not necessarily worse. It just points to a very specific kind of game.
"It's quite interesting how people keep betting against Elon."

Because he doesn't have superpowers.

Making a car that runs on batteries is a feat, ramping up production of an automobile is a feat, but within reason.

Making a humanoid robot, something that nobody else in the world has any clue how to do, and which Tesla has no background in ... well that's more than a feat.

So a better question - why do people continue to believe this guy when he makes such claims?
The Beauty of Crossed Brain Wires
> I sneakily put that bit in just to see who notices the absurd of it. ;)

This give me ideas :-)
I tried it 5 years ago and it wasn't much different from the 90s. I mean i thought it was super cool already in the 90s and would love for it to take off, but my point is that if you haven't found a killer app for a technology in 30 years then it's not obvious that it will ever come.
Theres a good nat geo article on it too. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/lost-gold...
This sounds eerily like India: the Brown British collaborators who inherited the British colony basically ran it as their personal inheritance.

There are clauses in the constitution to systematically deny any human rights to Hindus. The state restricts education and opportunities to English speakers. Basically the classical civilisation is denied any sense of agency. The situation isn’t much different from the treatment of native Americans back in the barbaric days.

Little wonder the Anglo-Indian class and their brainless supporters in the West are up in arms anytime a more rooted Indian leadership emerges.

There is much to criticise the current idiots in power but the old colonial crooks are so stupid and insipid that in their toxic discourse of ‘Hindu fascists’ ‘Hindu Nazis’ (in a country which has oppressed Hindus for a millennia) they’re only digging their own graves.
It’s a tradeoff between comfort and security since the fact that you control a domain now doesn’t guarantee you’ll be controlling it in 5 minutes, not to mention 3 months.
This is why Let’s Encrypt gives you tools to automate the renewal process. I also recall them talking about gradually lowering the certificate lifetime so you’d have no choice but to use automatic renewal.

Relevant link: https://letsencrypt.org/2015/11/09/why-90-days.html
100% correct, it's sad that we still use hopelessly insecure credit cards, a better system would have non-repudiation built in, charge backs from the customer claiming "I didnt authorise that" would go away
We should use far less land for growing crops. One of the primary means for accomplishing this is reducing meat consumption. Meat requires a lot of crops to feed livestock (+ a lot of water), while only contributing a small portion of the calories.

Less meat means less land for crops, which means less fertilizer use or fewer fields with laser robots ;).
I haven't forgotten the world is not just USA + Canada.

The rest of the world will set up their own primary energy storage providers as well. Imagine each continent had a primary battery hub. Secondary storage can be in the countries that have the space or can afford the additional infrastructure.

Also, remember this is how a lot of the world works now with existing energy infrastructure.

Don't try to make the simple complex. Solar "tunnels" where existing roads are. Vertical building for batteries in space restricted areas.
They didn't want LIDAR because it would srick out the car and then Tesla would go from the sexiest car to the dorkiest.
Exotic particle had an out-of-body experience; scientists took a picture of it
It grows 1,500 times the food with 5% of the water
Submit your 1 minute pitch
I also feel the same. Unfortunately there's no way back for pgAdmin. But also no way forward to look for. I am convinced the Web based version won't be able to match pgAdmin3 usability ever.

I just forget about it and use DBeaver instead.
Will fingerprint data point Taliban to targets?
This endpoint is idempotent - clicking that link multiple times has the same effect as doing it once.
>I think flipping a giant rocket on its way back down to have it land upright

And herein lies the problem: landing the rocket is really cool, but normal people overestimate the difficulty. Because of this feat, "Elon can do anything!"

The reason we don't land rockets is half technical, half economic.

The list of things Elon has said they will achieve, and have not, far exceeds the list of exceptional tech his companies have produced.
A "GET" request is not supposed to alter state.

On the other hand. It validates the email address more quickly, so you could even refresh/poll when it's verified automatically
SF6 doesn't even break down in the stratosphere. You have to get up to the mesosphere. Estimated atmospheric lifetime is 3200 years, GWP over 23000.
I've moved over to Polywork. Which has a bit more of a tongue in cheek feel, but definitely feels better thank Linked in does, with a better community.

Invite link for the curious https://www.polywork.com/invite/olliejudge-hypno
>Or was this a unique, one-time period?

Yes! The post WWII generation is what built the USA into the powerhouse it is today. There were two critical factors; 1) WWII left all of the competition in ruins 2) The "Cold War" forced the policymakers to focus on STEM education.

With success came hubris; the US has forgotten the factors which made it great and has lost itself in a miasma of Entertainment/Corruption/Finance/Management. It seems the "immigrants" are who are keeping the US flag flying high. I sincerely hope the US education system reforms itself and rediscovers its "lost" glory.
You're right: "In the first season of the TV series, Halt and Catch Fire, a fictional drama depicting the birth of the personal computer industry in the 1980s, the pivot of company Cardiff Electric resembles both the history of Corona Data Systems and Compaq." [0]

(Corona Data Systems was co-founded by Robert Harp)

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona_Data_Systems
The cost vs. stored capacity question is an appropriate one. Looking around, rainwater capture systems vary in cost, though a rough average of about $2,500 for a 5,000 gallon system is given.

Keep in mind that the comparsion shouldn't be against the largest and most efficient reservoir (e.g., Hoover Dam), but against the best incremental option (marginal cost) of providing alternative impoundment.

I'd already pointed at part of that issue above: there are only so many Hoover Dam / Lake Mead opportunities available. Most have been exploited, and the environmental externalities are high. Rainwater capture is generally proposed where alternatives aren't viable (few homeowners can build a Hoover Dam on their own property, or even as a collective community project), where the terrain and hydrology don't support buillding dams, where environmental concerns are to great, or (and probably realistically the most significant issue) where legal claims on water rights make stream impoundments nonviable.

How this maps out in dollars per gallon over time remains unclear, though again, it's a good question.

(Lifetime is another key consideration. The anticipated lifetime of structures is another question, and Hoover Dam faces challenges on several fronts here, with both siltation and drought limiting effectiveness of the structure).
This is not at all specific to India, FWIW. Many post-colonial countries has been in the same boat for a long time, which can only be a huge source of instability and conflict.
Tesla Dojo – Unique Packaging and Chip Design