skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Summary of the findings from the cited paper [1]:

> Understanding the neural bases of consciousness is of basic scientific and clinical importance. Human neuroimaging has established that a network of interconnected brain regions known as the default mode network disintegrates in anesthesia and after brain damage that causes disorders of consciousness. However, the neurochemical underpinnings of this network change remain largely unknown. [1]

> Motivated by preclinical animal work and clinical observations, we found that across pharmacological (sedation) and pathological (disorders of consciousness) consciousness perturbation, the dopaminergic source nucleus, the ventral tegmental area, disconnects from the main nodes of the default mode network. As the severity of this dopaminergic disconnection was associated with default mode network disintegration, we propose that dopaminergic modulation may be a central mechanism for consciousness maintenance. [1]

One of the more startling facts presented in OP:

> In a landmark study in 2006, a team of researchers showed that a 23-year-old woman, who suffered severe brain trauma and was thought to be in a vegetative state following a traffic accident, had signs of awareness. The patient was asked to imagine playing tennis during a brain scan (fMRI) and the scientists saw that regions of the brain involved in motor processes activated in response. [...] The pattern of activation that she showed was similar to that of healthy people, and she was deemed to have awareness even though that wasn’t noticeable in classical clinical assessment (not involving brain scans).

> This year, a group of scientists, writing in the journal Brain, warned that one in five patients in vegetative states may in fact be conscious enough to follow commands during brain scans – though there is no consensus on this. (see cited publication [2])

Understanding the correlation between dopamine and consciousness is an incremental but important step forward. Still, we are desperately in need of a true theory of consciousness that offers unification with physical laws of nature.

Orchestrated objective reduction is one such theory of consciousness [3]. Here's a quick summary of 'Orch OR':

> The Orch OR theory proposes quantum computations in brain microtubules account for consciousness.

> Microtubule ‘quantum channels’ in which anesthetics erase consciousness are identified.

> Evidence for warm quantum vibrations in brain microtubules is cited.

> Interference of microtubule vibrations are ‘beat frequencies’ seen as EEG.

> Orch OR links consciousness to processes in fundamental space–time geometry.

[1] Dopaminergic brainstem disconnection is common to pharmacological and pathological consciousness perturbation
https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/118/30/e2026289118.full.pd...

[2] Prolonged disorders of consciousness: a critical evaluation of the new UK guidelines
https://academic.oup.com/brain/article-abstract/144/6/1655/6...

[3] Consciousness in the universe: a review of the 'Orch OR' theory
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24070914/
That bar for readability is extremely low though. 260 characters at a time with pictures in between is basically a children’s picture book. I don’t think the GP’s comment is being unreasonable.
Which yeast you use could be very important too!: Different yeasts "pack up shop" during fermentation at different levels of ethanol. It's their own waste-product, that humans love, that stops them, but some types of yeast can put up with much higher levels than others! (though there are other factors too like Ph/pressure/mineralisation/etc).

Some yeast strains keep fermenting to (tolerate) a much higher ethanol percent than others, and the result of these more 'vigorous' yeasts is generally a 'dryer' result in brewing terms: A less 'sweet' result because all the sugars have been 'dried' out (ie roughly, consumed and converted to ethanol). This is not the only axis to think about here though! For mead to be 'sweet' in the end it either has to use a yeast that gives-up (for that much sugar) and hope that nothing else can live in there (not a bad bet for partially-fermented-honey actually), or to be sweetened after-the-fact (probably more common in modern 'Mead' products).

Fermentation involving a community of microorganisms (not just yeast) can often end up far dryer (especially given the time-frames they talk about in the article)! Many bugs can consume the 'waste' products that each other makes, and this variety can create enzymatically-linked cascades of molecular conversion-in-phases that can result in all sorts of unexpected "processing" of the "raw" molecules in the brew, including the hops components (if beer) and I'd think all those spices in traditional mead-recipes were probably undergoing some transformations too! Fascinating!
Facebook Horizon Workrooms: Remote Collaboration
Consider for a moment the people outside the developed world whose lives are greatly improved by cars.

Scarcity drives prices up putting things out of their reach.
That’s still a bit more than I feel is required.

My problem is in the two to eight server space, but networking is already externally managed and I have a loadbalancer. It’s in this space I feel that we’re lacking good solution. The size is to small to justify taking out nodes for a control plane, but big enough that Ansible feels weird.
I can't play the piano, but I can mentally play back Flight of the Bumblebee in my head. The skill to produce and the skill to recall are different.
It's not just cars, the prices are rising across the board (not evenly), so we have pretty high inflation if you add in the items official estimates excluded.
Used cars used to be worth x% of a new car.

Today, they are worth x+y% of a new car.

If you trade up now, you will pay less for the new car than if you traded up two years ago.

Similar situation for houses. Even if we assume all houses have inflated by the same rate, you can still downsize and cash out. Your existing $600K house is inflated 25% and you can sell for $750k. You downsize to a $400k house which is inflated to $500k. You oversold for $150k, but only overpaid by $100k and you pocket the difference.
No expertise in the matter, but I assume the question is how our solar system formed with gas giants in the outer orbits and rocky planets in the habitable zone and how common this might be around other stars. The final paragraph of the conclusion has some hints.

I am particularly interested in why we are on a planet that is so rich in phosphorus and the final phrase about "delivery of chemically enriched material to planetary atmospheres" is a real tease.
Lex Fridman at the Joe Rogan Experience [audio]
No idea if you know this or not, but I use the thread collapse button judiciously to skip these long sidethreads (after reading the first few subcomments...)
I mean, that's nice and everything, but you're the one who brought up pre-standard (K&R) C.

I have a copy of the 2nd edition "The C Programming Language" by K&R from 1988 which discusses what is in effect the standard C89 language. Appendix C calls out the substantive changes compared to their earlier book, it is three pages long.

It's true that these changes are significant, C would be a very different language without enum for example, or with "old-style" (already deprecated by the time the book was written in 1988) function declarations. But the language is still very compact.

The book explains and describes essentially the entire language, and outlines the standard library, in under 300 pages. Only a few years later, the 2nd edition of Stroustrup's book "The C++ Programming Language" is more than twice the length, and introduces numerous already anachronistic features in notional support of C, which had meanwhile deprecated them. This takes up about 700 pages.

Stroustrup not only grandfathers in features C had by then cast off (such as weird function definitions) but also introduces crazy nonsense that I hope nobody ever used in the name of "backward compatibility" e.g. hey why not overload both of the increment operators (themselves bad ideas C++ inherited from C) with the same function? Imagine trying to pretend to yourself that you believe this is a reasonable thing to do, while also pretending to believe operator overloading delivers "unsurprising" semantics.
So many critical comments, with albeit legitimate critiques, that are missing the point. This is an open source hobby project that is designed to be built with a 3d printer and a few inexpensive off the shelf parts. I have yet to see another rotary table based cnc project like this. does it have some inherent design compromises and short comings? yes, but this is a starting point. The initial reprap project was (an ancestor of this project, no doubt) was also very flawed. This is the starting point of a pretty novel take on desktop cnc and if it gains some traction, will also evolve and iteratively improve.
You might want to look up the marginal cost of a backup camera what with CCDs these days
Show HN: SurplusCI – runners for your CI pipelines. More builds, smaller bills
As well as any conceivable bad thing that Google could be ordered to add to Android.
Back up now -- I guess they were down for some reason!
>(the poor neglected shareholders and exec bonuses aside)

Well, to provide a different perspective, there are car plants around the US that have been shutdown for months and the people formerly employed there haven't been able to work.

Not necessarily arguing that more cars are better, just its not only shareholders and executives who are hurt by the chip shortage.
While possible, look at lumber prices now[1] in the context of articles from April saying that the high prices would persist.

Economists who study these phenomena tend to be a better guide than reporting that is in the middle of reacting to dramatic signals like shortages and fast price changes.

[1] https://tradingeconomics.com/commodity/lumber
I think this is a case of "The details are what matters and we don't have the details"
Reading these comments is like the "640k ought to be enough [memory] for anybody" quote by Bill Gates or the "Remote shopping, while entirely feasible, will flop." Time Magazine quote.

Social presence is the best killer app of VR so far besides porn.

edit: will admit to understanding the hate for the fb 'stench' altho at this point people are falling into a bit of a sports-team level of blind love and hate towards particular FAANG members, but people utterly failing to see the potential of virtual 3d/physical environments for communication/collaboration? c'mon, it's ok to hate oculus/fb but have some sense of the bigger picture as far as what this could turn into in 20 years.
this is survivorship bias, nothing more.
Many circumstellar disks have been detected, but this is the first unambiguous detection of a circumplanetary disk.
This is believed to be material swirling around a protoplanet, accreting on to it, and perhaps, forming moons.
The actual processes of how planets form out of protoplanetary disks are still not well understood, so observations like this will help narrow things down.
Quite impressive that they were able to resolve it with ALMA.
The use of the word "ego" here is wrong.

The "ego" is the structure in your mind that mediates between your unedited desires (the "id") and reality. It is a system of adaptations and defenses.

It is not simply a "collection of unrealistic inflated self-images" which is what most people think it is.

Now it could be your ego is not very adaptive and doesn't defend anything worth defending, but that's because your ego is broken not because the ego is a bad thing.

----

As for your question I'd say my answer to it varies a lot and in a good week I would answer positively 80% of the time and in a bad week I would answer positively 40% of the time. There are times I am "struggling" with a problem but I always get some escape from it and I get a lot of satisfaction with being engaged in the world itself.

I can simultaneously believe "this specific situation is unacceptable" and "I have gratitude for ...".
Any idea if there’s enough construction material in any given planetary system to construct a Dyson sphere around its star?

Seems like it would require, at minimum, several planets worth of raw material.
as an unemployed computer science graduate when this came out this CPU was a big deal to me. I had just finished a subject on MINIX and had read Linus original Linux post,and getting a cheap 386sx mobo allowed me to get into Linux for relatively low cost at the time by upgrading my 286.
I'm glad you've had a good experience, but yes it is a source of runtime bugs.

One piece of code from a well established tech company would just crashloop if authentication failed. I've seen others just die if the RPC service couldn't make a connection.

So in practice, yes I do have to spend my time tracking down nil pointer runtime bugs both from colleagues and also from other organizations.
It's been "not a good time" since 1975. Prior to that, at least in first world countries, you could start with less intelligence and have a much better chance at class improvement and even financially secure retirement than now.

On the other hand, if you're in politics, finance, or executive business management, it's been a really, really great last 40+ years.
EVs in lighter classes that don't have ESC requirements would probably work. A bit of battery design work for the analog BMC would be needed to use lithium chemistry but shouldn't be that hard.
Israel, Once the Model for Beating Covid, Faces New Surge of Infections
Have you even been to the developing world? We mostly drive old junkers that were discarded by Americans and Europeans after 15 years of use for breaking and polluting too much.
> So can someone please explain? Maybe what he actually wants is madvise or hugetlbfs ?

I think you're getting warm. It's hard to know anything from this confused article but I'll assume they're correct that there was only one process, the pages were filled prior to the load test, and there were many minor page faults later. My best guess is that the page faults are due to the kernel's moving stuff to transparent huge pages in the background (and struggling to find/make unfragmented physical address space). The behavior change was due to the mmap size change they observed: before with the extra bytes the kernel didn't initially use huge pages. After, it did, so no background operation was necessary. (Or maybe MAP_SHARED helped because they had them backed by a non tmpfs filesystem, where huge issues aren't supported. Or maybe some behavior changes were just because they tested multiple times without rebooting and the physical page space got fragmented. Again, hard to know much from this article.)

If I were them, I'd confirm this by "perf record" or eBPF and/or by disabling transparent huge page compaction. Then I'd switch to using dedicated huge pages, because huge pages really do speed things up by like 15% for a memory heavy workload; they're worth it if you can avoid THP's sometimes pathological behavior.

Edit to add: Here is a much clearer article explaining the same problem. https://pingcap.com/blog/why-we-disable-linux-thp-feature-fo... I don't agree with the pingcap folks that you should permanently disable THP altogether but they did good debugging.
Having just read it for the first time, I'd characterize that article as the metaphorical slap to bring someone to their senses. It is not enough on its own to build a philosophy on, and it isn't necessarily representative of all of life, but that article is a slap a good number of people need.

But then there's also people for whom it will be the worst thing ever, who have already completely organized their lives around pleasing others and satisfying the needs of others while not thinking about the fact they have their own needs, and need in some sense the complete opposite slap.

But I'm not surprised there's some people who found the article to be food for some fairly big thoughts.
Optimize our an infinite loop for infinite speed up!
I'm not convinced that the latter is any easier than the former.
Mr Money Mustache was a life changing blog for me. I don't think that's a hyperbole. I saved way more money after internalizing that blog's message than I would have otherwise.
No it reports you to Apple, Apple report you to police. Exactly like google, they will also report you to the police, just they search your library unencrypted.

Literally no difference.

If you have illegal stuff only on your phone neither google or Apple will be notified or notify anyone else.
Savage. I dont often laugh loud reading HN. Today I did. Thanks.
* In capitalism you have to create, nothing is given freely

Fixed your typo.
>It's almost as if we would need to lean into this, reducing growth and producing fewer cars would be in line with efforts to mitigate the drivers of climate change.

Newer cars pollute far less than old cars.

>What if car manufacturers pivoted their KPIs and focused on making long-lasting, serviceable vehicles?

They do make long-lasting, serviceable vehicles. Where have you been?
The Modern Tech Stack to Build a SaaS in 2021 as a One-Man with NextJS and AWS
Think of biters as a metaphor for competitors, taxes, and regulatory compliance.
I've only seen Veretasium YouTube video on this a few days ago, and I'm not a mathematician. Is the joke that LLVM has solved the mystery by optimizing out what it decided is an infinite loop?
Helps to provide at a minimum some context:

TRIZ (/ˈtriːz/; Russian: теория решения изобретательских задач, teoriya resheniya izobretatelskikh zadatch), literally: "theory of inventive problem solving " is “the next evolutionary step in creating an organized and systematic approach to problem solving. The development and improvement of products and technologies according to TRIZ are guided by the objective Laws of Engineering System Evolution. TRIZ Problem Solving Tools and Methods are based on them.”[1] In another description, TRIZ is "a problem-solving, analysis and forecasting tool derived from the study of patterns of invention in the global patent literature".[2] It was developed by the Soviet inventor and science-fiction author Genrich Altshuller (1926-1998) and his colleagues, beginning in 1946. In English the name is typically rendered as the theory of inventive problem solving,[3][4] and occasionally goes by the English acronym TIPS.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIZ
Do not read Wikipedia.

What is new here is the clear observation of a circumplanetary disk around an exoplanet. Such disks are where moons are formed, so this is the first observation of a moon-forming process outside of our solar system.
Virtual Mark Zuckerberg showed me Facebook's new VR workplace
> There are not many companies in the world who have that amount of cash lying around

Which is why establishing a chip fab to me seems like an obvious national goal. It's a booming market with costs of entry that few private companies can afford, why not make it a national capability? Resilience and profitability in one package.
They started as a non-profit and sort of claimed they would actually be open:

"As a non-profit, our aim is to build value for everyone rather than shareholders. Researchers will be strongly encouraged to publish their work, whether as papers, blog posts, or code, and our patents (if any) will be shared with the world. We’ll freely collaborate with others across many institutions and expect to work with companies to research and deploy new technologies." - https://openai.com/blog/introducing-openai/

However, a couple paragraphs down might have been a clue to the likely future: "Sam, Greg, Elon, Reid Hoffman, Jessica Livingston, Peter Thiel, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Infosys, and YC Research are donating to support OpenAI."

Currently they are not really non-profit and mostly working with Microsoft.
Yes. We are likely living in an early age of the Universe, but a middle-to-later age of the solar system.
>"LLVM considers infinite recursion to be UB,

Not sure why he used the word "recursion" since collatz() is not calling itself.
I (or more accurately, my parents) were one of those that happened to buy a computer in that brief 286 window (specifically an IBM PS/1 Model 2011). My friend bought a 386 shortly after that and I had severe buyer's remorse on behalf of my parents. Still had a lot of fun (and learned to program in Turbo Pascal) on that old 286.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PS/1
I dare say, when the media and/or the government tells you not to worry about something, you should probably worry about it, conversely when you're told TO worry about it, it's likely too late to even do anything about.

Worry about anything and everything you want to so you can plan and be prepared for it, just don't let it consume you.
You're looking for independent thinkers. You won't find them at a megacorp because the hiring funnel actively selects against such a personality. Good employees are good followers.

Perhaps you should reconsider selling out to the megacorp, and sell out to VC instead. Now that you're a Xoogler (or FANG-er, whatever), raising money will be easy.
Apple approach, invest in your supply chain

Extra points by diversifying from China/Taiwan

In direct opposition, Auto makers approach of minimizing inventory and producing "just-in-time" caused them to be vulnerable to supply chain or big market shifts
I would say "career changing" more than "life changing", but I just wrote a post that shows the longevity of Joel Spolsky's writing. People are still confused today about things he explained well 15-20 years ago:

https://www.oilshell.org/blog/2021/07/spolsky.html

I don't think I've ever read a single life-changing blog post, but an entire blog over years and books can definitely be life changing.

I'd say that life-changing stuff has to be contrarian, and Taleb and PG are pretty contrarian. This also means they can be wrong, repetitive, and piss a lot of people off. You can criticize individual posts or passages easily; it's harder to do that of their entire career.

I'd also be careful to label them "not contrarian" -- contrarians can seem less so once people start agreeing with and imitating them, specifically as a result of the writing :)
> Nothing is safe!

I'm no Apple fan, but I certainly have a special level of distrust in anything based in China.
By using proprietary file formats rather than open standards, which forces users who share data into adopting the same software.
How would they manually vet the matches, except by looking at the matched pictures?

And here's the real question, what's to stop them from using this on say: political memes instead of CSAM?
Hello, I think this idea is fantastic. Since you said you've prioritized getting this in front of people - please make sure you're talking to folks who are doing remote fitness, yoga, and dance classes.

I know several folks who would love something like this with a different set of gestures and end-results. Especially smaller operations who have switched from in-person to live during the pandemic. The bigger shops have space for a dedicated operator, but the smaller ones are just the instructors and their students in a zoom call.

I think the key is going to be in arriving at the right set of gestures for the right audience. e.g. yoga instructores are probably looking for ways to minimize/maximize certain screens. Aerobics instructors are looking to be able to mute and unmute and send directed feedback. Both types are often struggling to figure out lighting and how to position their cameras. On all sides I think something simple like capturing the entire class clapping along is hard to do. I think something like this would be perfect for that market.