skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The author IMHO hasn't quite got it. He's focused on people using the wrong conceptual model for solving a problem and says things like:

>> Stupidity has two features that make it particularly dangerous when compared with other vices. First, unlike character flaws, stupidity is primarily a property of groups or traditions, not individuals: after all, we get most of our concepts, our mental tools, from the society we are raised in.

I would argue that it's not the misapplication of existing ideas, but ignoring the reality in front of you and doing something that goes against it. You might be going against it by habitually applying the wrong mental model, but it's only "stupid" in cases where that model seems obviously wrong (to others, or if you step back, etc) in a relevant way.

An example from a game: We are losing. We can win if we score one goal (2 points). There is only enough time for one quick play. Obviously we should make our best offensive play (including putting the goalie on offense and leaving the net open), but someone on the team gets the ball and takes a very defensive (slow) approach and the clock runs out. We lose. That was stupid - taking your time was never going to result in a win. It is a case of using the wrong mental model, but the reason it's stupid is because it obviously can't work in the given situation.

Product development example: The widget makes too much noise - the gears are noisy. Options: 1) change the material and test again. 2) hey the gear geometry can be improved - tweak design, make new tools and new parts. Management picks option 1 because we have a tight schedule and need to show improvement. OK with no other information, but this becomes really stupid when you hear that the material had already been changed once with no measurable effect.

Government example: People thinking they can legislate outcomes without any consideration how people or a system actually behave. Prohibition for example.
> You sound very upset.

Not really, but what's the purpose of this particular reply other than to try to wind me up?
Let's use concrete numbers just to make it easier. Say you have $10K in your account. You would be withdrawing $5K which we would allow. If you did this withdraw while the markets were close, and the value of your portfolio is only $8K when the markets are open, you would have $3K left in your account.
The UK government explicitly lays out a strategy for provate cameras to be bought and operated with mandatory rules for police access to footage. [1]

This is on top of the cameras that ARE owned by government entities - 18+ city councils [2]. And it's expanding [3].

Why do you think it matters if they are linked together? Retaining footage and handing it over to police on request (not warrant) is a requirement. The IPA allows collecting this information in bulk (eg from cctv providers) with warrants. [4]

[1] - PDF Warning https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/...

[2] - https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-17116526

[3] - https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/uk-funds-stre...

[4] - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/25/contents/enacte...
Not sure why you are being devoted. Having say, half our current population would have made this problem considerably easier.

People do seem to cut back their baby making as they move from agricultural to industrial, it’s just a much slower process than we would prefer to help with this issue.
It's been a while and it's hard to remember but back when I was a Neanderthal we had some neighbors who were quite advanced for those prehistoric times.

They not only had paintings on the wall but they were already using the beak of a live domesticated fowl to reproduce their tribal rhythms from vinyl records spinning on stone turntables.

IIRC their names were Fred & Barney.

So n=2.
Dave Bautista is angry at Disney
Snorkel AI Raises $85M Series C at $1B Valuation
I'm talking about the hypothetical scenario where swapping $200bn worth of equity will generate $200bn worth of cash without disturbance to the market.

Obviously, this couldn't be less true and the market will collapse even before the selling starts.
This is why libertarianism doesn't work. Some things need a central authority to enforce it.
No, the issue in question here is sustained sailing faster than the wind directly downwind, which is not what water yachts and sailboats are doing. The connection (belt, gear) between the wheels and the propeller is necessary to do the former.
Kytch was also mentioned in this excellent mini-documentary about the whole topic: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrDEtSlqJC4

Worth watching, IMHO.
> There's probably some low grade physiological stress when you use a mask.

When you inhale, your diaphragm contracts and creates a negative pressure inside your thoracic cavity (relative to the outside atmosphere's 101.3 kPa). This pressure, ordinarily, is proportional to the force with which your diaphragm contracts. Adding a layer of fabric restricts the outside air's ability to flow into your thoracic cavity and equalize the pressure. It's like having a congested nose but being unable to open your mouth to bypass the congestion.

There's also the problem of carbon dioxide buildup within the mask. Your unconscious breathing effort is ordinarily controlled by the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in your blood. Carbon dioxide levels, not oxygen levels, are what make you feel "out of breath". The lungs may hold almost a liter of air, but an ordinary unconscious breath exchanges only a tiny fraction of this. That unconscious breath is so small that a large percentage of it may come from air trapped inside your mask, and your alveoli end up being faced with a much higher percentage of carbon dioxide in the air into which they are trying to exhaust carbon dioxide from your blood.

Problems all around.
(title shortened to fit HN length limits)

A "Fun" part is the timeline at the bottom:

> 2021-05-12 – Reported to Pulse Secure via HackerOne.

> 2021-05-13 – Acknowledgement of submission from HackerOne received - awaiting triage.

> 2021-05-25 – Requested an update via HackerOne - no response.

> 2021-06-22 – Confirmed that the exploit still works on newly released PCS 9.1R11.5 version. Shared a screenshot via HackerOne ticket and requested a further update - no response.

> 2021-07-15 – Emailed Ivanti/Pulse Secure PSIRT & updated HackerOne ticket informing them that the vulnerability will be publicly disclosed on 2021-07-23, as per our disclosure policy (if a vendor is unresponsive).

> 2021-07-15 – Reply received from Ivanti PSIRT via email. Requested that we hold off disclosure and requested further details of the vulnerability --> (due to lack of access to HackerOne). <--

If you sign up to a bug bounty platform, your security team probably should have access to reports being made there.
There are plenty of Micro 4/3 sensors that have interchangeable lenses too though, so you don't have to be locked into a compact camera with built-in lenses. You can have the best of both worlds.
Vaccinated is the key part of the title.
The bill expands the definition of broker to include anyone who facilities the transfer of crypto: miners, wallet providers, smart contract devs. These people are now made responsible for collecting transaction records for the IRS. That's just not how cryptocurrency works. Miners, smart contract devs, don't know who is transacting with who. It's effectively a ban on cryptocurrency.
You need a citation for this? I feel the urge to shift my mask every couple minutes to get some uninhibited breathing in. Without it, I start to get a headache. Why would you think restricting air flow would not cause issues for some, especially those with higher metabolism (i.e. oxygen consumption).

Kids generally have higher metabolisms than adults, which made me feel particularly horrified about the mask mandates in schools. The sad thing is kids don't know any better, and trust older people who are telling them what to do, so there's probably many who feel noticeably worse and don't know why.
For the same reason why rape is a taboo in American movies and murder is not - US still is a deeply Puritan country [1][2][3].

[1]http://www.princeton.edu/~sociolog/pdf/asmith1.pdf

[2]https://davetannenbaum.github.io/documents/Implicit%20Purita...

[3]https://lib.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/002/478/832/RUG01-0024788...
If the premise is that it is caused by humans, then start by reducing them
Of my female friends, I know at least 5 who are victims. Victims make up the majority of my closer female circle.

It is way more commonplace than you would like to think.
> I'd say, anyone who doesn't want to catch COVID. The delta variant is infecting people who have the vaccine.

Also, big-box hardware stories (at least) have real N95s back in stock (not KN95 substitutes), as of a couple months ago.
I'm a digital product manager, and I concur with everything that Tim stated in his post...however, the sad part is - at least where i have worked - there is inertia from higher up that forces (yes *forces*) certain directions. "You have to keep adding to your products, else they're considered dying!...yada yada yada" I've even heard that in other places of business, there isn't a forcing function so much as incentives to "keep innovating"..."Hey, if you want your bonus, you have to show that you did something to your products...yada, yada, yada..." Which, unfortunately leads to what Tim so rightly noted about there being a cost to the user, etc. For every X numbers of frustrated users out there, there are a number of frustrated/blocked product managers...i sure feel that way.

(Maybe i should have stayed as a web dev. years ago...life was simpler back then, and not as rife with frustrations with other humans as it is nowadays. /sigh)
> The FDIC insurance fund only covers a tiny fraction of bank deposits

Isn't it $250,000 per customer?

It wouldn't be enough to save the bank if there was a run (because of accounts with huge balances), but it'd be enough to save most of the customers that need saving.
I saw a documentary about that once. It's not actually the regular cleaning process but the machine has very finnicky way of determining if the cleaning process worked (it has to do with the temperatures that are reached during the cleaning).
And if one step during that process does "fail" the whole cleaning process has to be restarted which the staff will do in the morning when they come back (not sure how that works with 24h restaurants).
Blocking the machine from use for hours
I think in his original video he described how a tacking boat can go faster than one going straight down wind. As I understand it, that was the inspiration for the propeller. Here is a good site explaining it:

https://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/~jw/sailing.html

> How can boats sail faster than the wind? Lots of boats can – especially the eighteen footer skiffs on Sydney Harbour. Ask a sailor how, and he'll say "These boats are so fast that they make their own wind", which is actually true. Ask a physicist, and she'll say that it's just a question of vectors and relative velocities.
The Emperor Has No Clothes – Child Pornography
>We will never stop loving those things

Did we just tax tobacco? People loved tobacco. At some point, with the right information (e.g media not bought by big business), we can realize that things that are bad for us are just bad for us.

We can avoid telling us that and have someone take money from our wallet to prevent us from buying the things that kill us, but why not just better inform ourselves about the way we're killing us?

Anywhere I go now, I'm overwhelmed by ads telling me to buy a big SUV, go flight somewhere every weekend, buy something new because I deserve more, etc.

Of course, those paying for the ads say they're advertising because I want those things... but why are they advertising, then? If I wanted a bigger SUV/picker so much, they would not keep the ad spend and keep that as profit for their shareholders.

The whole system wants more, more, more stuff and they know the more addictive are the bigger/larger/shinier/louder/anything-er and that takes energy and pollutes. They need that more than the consumers.

I stopped loving this shit (no car, no flight, small flat, etc), and I'm still flooded with "BUY" orders. Employers will do everything to have me buy a car (I don't need) instead of taking the money of that car for myself.

It isn't a problem of wish or desire but we're told it is, because the consumption system keeps playing with these desires. I should just watch Century of the Self again...
This is a frequent but weak argument.

If you've ever tried to organise a group lunch for a party of more than two, you've got some sense of how difficult it is to orchestrate group activities.

Whatever you think of Musk and Bezos, and I'm not much of a fan of either, they've both led organisations to transformational accomplishments.

That in itself is something, notable, and has been recognised throughout history.

The question of whether those accomplishements are good or worthwhile, or how reward and profit should be allocated, are separate ones.

But your object is a lazy and tired one.
That's not a great premise for a company either. You are implying that this company is a risky investment.
It's not strictly a personal decision when others will be paying for unvaccinated people's hospital bills, or potentially disability income, through insurance and taxes respectively.

19% of new US COVID cases the week of July 29 were in children [0]. Deaths and hospitalizations in children are extremely rare but medium-term side effects, including cognitive effects, appear to be relatively common [1]. It's unclear how long those effects will last and whether they'll be permanent, but the societal impact of a double-digit percentage of children experiencing noticeable long-term cognitive declines would be absolutely devastating.

[0] https://services.aap.org/en/pages/2019-novel-coronavirus-cov...

[1] https://www.hackensackmeridianhealth.org/HealthU/2021/05/19/...
Benefits of standing over sitting while working (video)
Apple aren't required to decrypt anything. This is why ever other server/storage provider are not also demanding access to everything client side (or keys to decrypt server side). It's a red herring for Apple to pretend they're "required" to do this, they're no more required to do so any more than the post office are required to open your mail on the off chance they might be handling CP...
Actually, knowing it works now. Even internal combustion engines have only a 40% energy efficiency in converting gas to power, the rest is lost as heat.

In this case, I'm trying to think how the wind energy is lost, and it seems that some of that might be lost to the static friction in turning the wheels, and also the attached propeller. However, the energy used to turn the propeller is outputted again, as thrust. Since the initial wind was enough to overcome the static friction, any additional power might be causing it to move faster than the wind. I'm no physicist, but this is pretty cool.
The difference here is that the vehicle in the article is traveling parallel with the wind
The McDonalds ice cream machine story is pretty interesting:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SrDEtSlqJC4
By analogy csvkit is to visdata as sed is to vim.

Visdata is an interactive tool and you can quickly explore/edit data directly. While csvkit is batch oriented. Visidata can be used in a batch way, but that is not its strength.

I prefer to use a similar tool mlr. I find mlr is complementary to Visdata. Either to process the data before going into Visdata, or to figure out what mlr commands I want to use for a shell script.
These numbers are already per capita, so the population difference is already accounted for.

So one USian emits as much as 9 Indians. Which is still a lot.
How does it differentiate from modAL? I think at a glance they try to achieve roughly the same thing: give human labelers only the datapoints most relevant to the problem at hand.

https://github.com/modAL-python/modAL
> Programs were called apps long before NeXTSTEP existed.

Programs were called "applications" long before NeXTSTEP existed, but not "apps".

"Apps" was mainstreamed primarily by the iPhone and its App Store ecosystem.

https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&geo=US&q=a...
> I never found C style operators for bit twiddling to be intuitive (compared to assembly) even if you use the left angle brace to shift left.

What I don't get: Are those operators present in C++ too -- wouldn't they clash with the "streaming" thingamajigs, isn't that what "<<" means nowadays?
IMHO, it's the other way around: Apple saw that they would likely have to implement this in the near future, and decided to go ahead.

The paranoid part of me would also entertain the idea of a singular force pushing both developments forward, but I don't have any evidence for this.
> Yet

I keep seeing this jump. There's no evidence this will happen. Apple can already technically do anything they want to compromise the security of your device in the next software update, so could Google or Samsung or any other company. But when in Apple's history have they done this? There is zero reason to believe this is the next step other than speculation and fear mongering.
Restricting underwater distance in butterfly was one that slowed swimmers a lot.
People are shocked by a corollary of this.

If there is a process with a large number of steps, and in the general disorder of life, work arrives at one step randomly, the desire of people to have 100% utilization at each step conflicts with the desire to produce any product at all.

That is, at 100% utilization, partially completed products would stack up in queues and throughput goes to zero.

60% utilization is a better goal, you can do better than that IF you take "random arrival" out of the situation.
HTTPS is not an obstacle to this.

As I mentioned before, the methodology requires publishing a trusted cert to endpoints. This is done with GPOs or whatever RMM tool is used to manage workstations + MDM to push to mobile.

You will find this implemented in nearly any high-security network environment (finance, government, etc.), primary schools, and a lot of miscellaneous businesses.
> Don’t you just pick up a mask from a pack or a reusable one as you leave your home?
> It just feels like habit

That's as close to the meaning of chore as one could expect in a comment, and why are you extending your own experience to others who are explicitly telling you that they find it uncomfortable and a nuisance? I can't imagine that kind of thing working with any other article of clothing but masks seem to have their own special status, even though they affect breathing.

It's not a serious position to take.
"Defense vs Offense" is underspecified for this disagreement. Considering "defense" as the developers writing an application, and "offense" as the reverse engineers attempting to exploit it, defense may still be cheaper in some scenarios.

If you consider "defense" as an organization attempting to provide a service securely, and "offense" as all the security threats they are exposed to, it seems hard to argue that the defensive side has any sort of advantage over all of the attackers.
You think it's stupid, I think it's poignant. The situation we're in now was all perfectly predictable. Bad science, bad models, and bad medicine from the jump. The government will never admit it's failures.
LinkedIn Data Science Interview Prep: Questions and Solutions
Recently updated data science interview questions for LinkedIn, including SQL, probability and statistics, and business case questions.
Honestly, I do not know how much technical my question can be, there is no tone, there is 14 words in total. I was googling and I could not find anything useful so I hoped I could get some answer from some technical person (material science/physic person). In my mind finding those number is the first thing I would do on the test bench, they give you prospect of technology some kind a range you would attract investors. You would have test sample 1X1cm you shine that amount of light and you get output. And then you know this is feasible and can help in future or not... simple as that. Instead I am getting some kind responses like I am talking with emotional teenagers tripping on some cry baby drugs... for heaven sake ... (yes that last is emotional response, I mean seriously what is going on with HN lately it used to be place with tech guys talking tech ...)
The young always have the power, perhaps the duty, to change the language they are given. That this generation is allowing people that don’t fit into narrow slots of gender to have more freedom and respect isn’t such a bad thing. If you value freedom, can you not recognize allies in your fight for freedom? And racism discussions were never going to simple, after the habit of ignoring the evil of mistreating people due to their skin color became habitually overlooked by the folks with pinker skin.
It could be Google, it could also be websites doing everything they can to break Google’s search.

Take Reddit for example. Date ranges are absolutely useless because they’ve started hijacking the posted date and updating it every single time someone adds a new comment.
It is a bit ironical that WhatsApp is worried about privacy. All message metadata is unecrypted and part of their business model. They don’t know about message contents, but they know everything about your social network (who do you message and when, who are part of your groups etc.) Add cross-app tracking with Facebook APIs and soon they can also categorize your message contents.
In the US, I expect solar and wind plus storage is cheaper than nuclear. It doesn’t really matter though, if you put high enough taxes on carbon the market will sort it out. The government shouldn’t be picking individual technologies, because they are likely to fuck it up.
Isn't the risk profile of a checking account "don't lose money"?
SyntheticDB: A just-in-time SQL-based statistically robust data generator
"Simulate querying industry-scale ML datasets locally with real SQL statements without having to access, manage or pay for industry-scale infrastructure."

Matt and Sam here from SyntheticDB. We'll be keeping an eye on this thread so if you have any questions about the project just ask. Any and all feedback is extremely welcome.

We've built out a demo notebook if you want to get a quick look at what the tool can do so far. Link below.
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1mtF_VAENjdRqodGh9kS...
Thanks for the interest and great questions. Responses are below:

>How do models trained with Lightly compare with other approaches wrt adversarial robustness?

We have no benchmark available. Both approaches can be combined. You can use Lightly to pick a diverse subset, label it and then during training/ evaluating the model check for adversarial robustness and re-iterate.

>Can using Lightly introduce additional bias in the model, since only a select few of inputs are being labeled? This may be a concern for publicity purposes.

If we remove bias we automatically introduce bias. BUT we want the introduced bias to be controlled and known.

Bias typically comes from the way we collect data. For example, more data is being collected during the day than during night for autonomous driving. We also have more data collected during sunny weather than rain or snow. We also have more data from cities like San Fransisco than cities like New Mexico. Most of our datasets are biased.

> By the way, I thought ETH spinoff requirements were incompatible with YC requirements - nice to see it can be made to work.

From what we know we are the first ETH spin-off who is part of the YC program. we hope they don't abandon us.
As a viewer, I enjoyed watching it, so I think it was worthwhile. I prefer this over a plain studio in the UK.

A real Tokyo-based studio would have been better (even if not as fancy as this imaginary one) but obviously not possible this year.