skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>countries where there was no strong women's liberation movement (e.g. Germany)

Hahahaahaa. The German student movement of '68 would like you to apologize right about ... NOW. And it's just the easiest example of German women's liberation movements, I'm sure somebody else could give many more examples.
sounds like jealousy. innovate!
I googled "Brian Harvey's Scheme lectures at Berkeley" and found this: http://academicearth.org/lectures/scheme-1-interpreter - it seems to be the scheme lectures he mentioned.
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I see the first three concepts used interchangeably (as far as I understand)...

Either you misunderstood, or the people using them misunderstood.

Lambdas are anonymous functions. In javascript terminology:

_.map(someNumbers, function (x) { return x +1; } /* <- lambda */)

Closures are a way of hiding state (or at least data) in anonymous functions:

makeCounter() {
var x = 0;
function numCalls() { return x++; }; <---the variable x is "closed over"
return numCalls;
}

Monads are a method of encapsulation, with goals similar to object orientation. OO is about hiding data inside objects, whereas monads are about hiding most of the outside world from your functions.
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Count me in.

There's a die-hard core of callback proponents (especially in twisted- and lately in node-land) who claim the pure callback-style is more predictable, robust and testable.

This is not my experience. I've been through that with twisted (heavily), some with EventMachine and some with node.js.

The range of use-cases where I'd benefit from that style was extremely narrow.

For most tasks it would turn into a tedium of keeping track of callbacks and errbacks, littering supposedly linear code-paths with a ridiculous number of branches, and constantly working against test-frameworks that well covered the easy 90% but then fell down on the interesting 10% (i.e. verifying the interaction between multiple requests or callback-paths).

I'm sticking to coroutines where possible now (eventlet/concurrence) and remain baffled over the node-crew's resistance against adding meaningful abstractions to the core.

I like javascript a lot (more so with coffee), but I see little benefit in dealing with the spaghetti when that doesn't even give me transparent multi-process or multi-machine scalability.

And to prevent the obligatory: Yes, I know about Step, dnode and the likes. They remain kludges as long as the default style (i.e. the way all libraries and higher level frameworks are written) is callback-bolognese.
A lambda is an anonymous function (i.e., a function without a name). It may or may-not be a closure, depending on if it has access to surrounding lexically scoped variables.

A closure is a function, combined with the set of variables declared outside its definition (a 'lexical scope').

A monad has absolutely nothing to do with functions/lambdas/closures. The 5-second explanation is that it's a "design pattern" that's useful for managing control flow (often chaining operations together). But Google around a bit if you're interested.

A function-pointer/function-object in C++ are functions that don't have access to external lexically scoped variables. They can only access their arguments, or dynamically scoped (roughly 'global') variables. They are 1/2 of a closure (the missing half is the definition's lexical environment).
Police planning major switchover to cloud computing
Like all good lessons, this one starts with a little lie and tells you the truth later on...

"Supriya : But how I will create different types of Chutneys?

Shekhar : Now you will see the missing phase of MapReduce — Shuffle phase. MapReduce will group all the outputs written by every Map based on the key. This will be automatically done for you. You can assume key as just a name of ingredient like Onion. So all the onion keys will be grouped together and will be transferred to a grinder which will just process onions. So, you will get onion Chutney. Similarly all the tomatoes will be transferred to the grinder marked for tomato and will produce tomato Chutney."
Yeah, I would too.

But Zed, please check the Kindle version before you approve it. The Python book for Kindle is absolutely horrible - with all the code stripped out.
This is an incredibly cool idea that essentially brings back the concept of a decentralized web. Right now, we have somehow embraced a monolithic web culture were interop goes only in one direction - towards Facebook mainly, closely followed by Google's conglomerate.

Web Intents will level the playing field again, and they make those horrible embedded Facebook/Google+/whatever social networking buttons obsolete by replacing them with something way more powerful.
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The lawyer charges you once. Also, the lawyer charges you alone.

Also, lawyers are overpriced, but that's another story.
Some Questions For European Geeks
This is one of the problems of honest debate of politicized issues. Positing the obvious gets you labeled as a closet bigot.

Do you really consider it far fetched that there could exist a team that worked better when they were all the same gender? I'm not asking if you'd like such a team (I wouldn't), but it's fairly obvious to me with the variety of people that exist in the world that not only could such a team exist, but one almost certainly does. Have you not met a half-dozen socially awkward geeks (male or female) in your life that struggled with professional interaction with the opposite of sex?

An important mechanism of earnest debate is the ability to differentiate between ideals and observed reality. I, for instance, find dogmatic fundamentalism unsavory, but it obviously has the ability to wield both a cohesive social force and give rise to political power. It's intellectually dishonest to assume that things we don't like are unable to produce advantageous results.
Willium0325
blog on books
I'm stunned.

I finally get MapReduce.

I'd looked at definitions but it had never really clicked.

Thankyou, and upvoted.
TODOs never get to done
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No, there's no such thing as "serious jail time" in Sweden. You could get away with a few years if you murder someone here. This kind of thing would maximum lead to a few months in jail if even that - even if repeated.
We are planning to let you compile/publish/"download as" your script to standalone Google App, Ruby on Rails application, whatever.
We have not come up with specific backends to support.
This feature is under discussion at the moment. ;-)

geekfactor, please contact me so I can shape this to fit your needs better
Are you building your games/software company around the wrong model?
You can't do stupid things when you don't know they are stupid. But if you know something is stupid you already learned from it.
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Excuse me, but that's what you call elegant?

From a readability standpoint I'll take the "old" version any day:

function getFromDB(foo) {
var result = asynchronousCache.get("id:3244");
if ( null == result ) {
result = asynchronousDB.query("SELECT * from something WHERE id = 3244");
}
return result;
}
I'll try to tackle the first two :-)

A lambda is an anonymous function; it's a function that doesn't have a name. Of course you can assign it to a variable if you like to. So for example in Javascript these two are equivalent:

function foo(arg) {//function body}
foo = function(arg) {//function body}

Or in Python

def foo():
return 42
foo = lambda: 42

Note that functions (and lambdas) are 'first class citizens'. This means we can pass functions around like any other type of value. You could sort of compare this to function pointers.

Now a closure is related to these first class functions. It's basically a function that carries with it, the environment from when it was defined. Consider this Python/pseudocode:

def foo():
a = 42
def bar():
return a
return bar

myClosure = foo()
myClosure() #this returns 42

The function foo returns a function that we assign to myClosure (in the function foo we named it bar, but we could have used an anonymous lambda as well). The returned function returns the value of a, but note that a was only around when we defined bar. When we call myClosure, it takes the value for a from the environment when it was defined.

So, lambdas and closures are not the same thing, but they're both related to first class functions. In practice when a language supports first class functions, it tends to support lambdas and closures as well.

Monads are something different again. They're used in purely functional languages (such as Haskell) to work with state. However, that's about as far as my knowledge goes so someone else can try explain that :-)
No.

I would consider it helpful if there were more people in the industry who would know what a binary tree (or whatever comes to mind) is and when to use it. all means to get there are welcome as far as I'm concerned.

This l'art pour l'art accusation comes back once in a while, often in language bashing ("elitist lispers" I read some days ago). As a former musician I recognize it in the shape of "technique ruins your soul" or how one would like to phrase it.

I think that the dichotomy is just wrong. It's not detailed knowledge versus pragmatic solution. I spent a great amount of my time in environments where the "shipping it" dominated "understand what you are doing", and I also spent time with drummers who could not keep the time because practicing would ruin their soul. It's knowledge vs. ignorance.

What concerns software development: the essence you want to get back to smells to me like the vbscript world I was happy to turn my back to. I would like to see more capoeira, less hash-tables because they are built in.

To follow up on your analogy with martial arts: I practice fencing once in a while, a rather ritualized sport, (for some 100 years already): I would not like to inflict maximum controlled damage to my opponent, or the other way round: I'm not training to kill. You might call it a kata I'm working on.

Your point "it's not necessary to know all of them before..." I cannot argue with. I would think the same. But the inequality "written by a programmer who cares about knowing his craft" != "people don't want to use" follows not from that statement nor from any other point you are giving.
It beats flipping burgers anytime :)
You've highlighted a subtle but important point of the Intent design. Unlike traditional file-handlers, you can say "I might handle this kind of thing" and then watch what flies by and only respond to what you actually care about (e.g. the market only responding to URLs pointing to the Android market). That makes Intents more powerful and more precise than previous approaches to similar problems.
I was the poster of 'pics or it didn't happen'. I am not a conspiracy theorist, raging internet commenter, etc. I was actually fairly upset by the reaction to my post. I found the replies, and the downvoting, for the most part failed to take my point (though it wasn't spelled out) for what it was: 'pics or it didn't happen' is meant to be the reaction of both an assiduous journalist, and an intelligent reader when faced with a story given like this. I am not more informed as to the facts of the story than the author was - I can't offer counterpoints. What I can do, and what I didn't see displayed by a community I broadly have high respect for, is spot telltales of very bad journalism when I see it. Any scientific article posted here that doesn't link to the original paper, that doesn't question or review what it is discussing, generally attracts similar points. Why, on a story about the US seizing and executing Osama (in quite an unexpected manner!), does anybody effectively doing the same get turned upon so severely? You'll notice that the 'bollocks' post starts with an explanation of something in the story gives cause for concern as to consistency which neither author nor readers seem concerned with. Is the distinction even subtler than the one you highlighted, or is it in fact less real, or applicable to this situation, than you think it is?
Like when IE added XHR?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHR#History_and_support
You may have your opinion, but having it does not make it right.

Ir your teacher does not know how kata applies to real fight — that's just too bad.
I think your analogy is not really valid. For the purpose of moving from point A to point B, a car is better than a horse in most any way you can think of. For coding, editing text, illustrating, etc, an iPad with iOS does not hold a candle to a Macbook with OS X (or a PC with Windows or Linux, for that matter). Moving from horses to cars was disruptive, but it brought mostly advantages. Moving from OS X towards iOS does not bring such advantages in the general case.
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Makkah Taraweeh 2011 - 5 Night Part 1
This event is a fantastic idea - very well done to Gordon and the team for getting it off the ground.

Chances are in the first year it will be a mix of local folks and people who are coming to Edinburgh anyway for the 'main' festival and fringe. But August is a fantastic time to be in Edinburgh and this could grow into one of the main worldwide tech events.
good summary decks [[ Warning, PDFs!!! ]]

https://github.com/leithaus/talks/blob/master/SideBySideComp...

http://www.slideshare.net/twleung/a-survey-of-concurrency-co...

http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/software/the-trouble-with...
I agree that you need more than mastery of the movements to win a fight, but the reason exercises like kata are so valuable is that when you master the movements your mind is free to focus on higher level problems.

When I studied Mathematics in elementary school I didn't memorize all of the multiplication tables because I thought I could always use a calculator if I wanted to multiply. Years later, when learning Algebra I had to go back and memorize those tables because having to calculate simple products and quotients was slowing me down. Knowing multiplication tables isn't necessary or sufficient for being able to do Algebra well, but it sure speeds you up.

I often practice my coding skill by doing problems like the algorithm problems on TopCoder. I find focusing on coding and solving problems quickly improves my work productivity in a way that doesn't come just from doing that work alone. I think these Kata will be even more useful for building the low level skills I use often in my work, so thanks to the original poster!
Relatively speaking, the 68er-Bewegung was an ineffectual fringe movement, of which only a relatively small part was women's rights, compared to the American's women's suffrage movement, which lasted for decades, spanned the full spectrum of society (i.e. not just students) and resulted in a constitutional amendment. While the 68er-Bewegung did have an effect on society (as did its counterparts in the US, namely the Vietnam War protests and related movements), they are not of comparable magnitude.
Agree, I just don't think running around thinking "don't mess up, don't mess up, don't mess up" is sustainable.

Quite the contrary actually: leaning back, having fun and "being yourself" is sustainable because you don't put on an act.
Having gone to a privately run British boarding school for 3 years, my experience was that, while there certainly was bullying, there was probably less of it than any other school I've been to. And while I'm not doubting that fagging happens, I never experienced it and I've never met anyone with personal first hand experience of it.
most oppressive thing are not specifically designed to marginalize people...
Raid reveals evidence of ChronoPay ties to MacDefender scareware
And the Toyota MR2 sounds like "shit" in French. They renamed it to the MR there :-)
You are not increasing competition if you are subsidizing that product offering and giving it away for free: you are messing with (and sometimes even destroying) another market.

Example: when Google gives away Google Voice service, that is a horribly bad thing for that market. There are tons of competitors in that space that have fundamentally better service, but competing with /free/ is so serious of a barrier to entry in the mind of a user that you have to be like mind-blowingly-ultra-horribly better, which isn't even really possible. Google Voice is an aberration in the market caused by an unrelated monopoly.
Being universally popular may take a lot of effort, but simply not being disliked and generally getting on well enough with people doesn't. There is a huge spectrum between actively bullied and universally popular.
Good luck to the Kenyans, although the really bullish trend for Africa is their heavy use of mobile.
Have a look at the Joel test. It's outdated, and might be a little controversial, but it's it list of ways to fix "stupid shit".

I don't have a copy of "Code Complete", but from what I've heard it's a similar deal. XP arguably eliminates a lot of stupid shit, but arguably introduces a lot of stupid shit at the same time (as do many dogmatic processes).

While "best practice" lists are always going to be controversial (in both programming and music, but not chess), they do have a lot of value if you don't overuse them, and take them with a grain of salt.
Honestly, Groupon should have taken Google's deal.
It seems that the main expense that's killing Groupon is customer acquisition cost.
So Groupon needs to be integrated in the business that has zero (well, almost zero) acquisition costs ala Google.

Only then I think Groupon will become a profitable business. Until then I will sit back and watch how Groupon fails. I don't think Groupon has a runway longer than a year.
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I imagine that working in a call center at night is safer than working in a coal mine or many heavy industries. Plus probably pays better.
Why aren't there any Open Source laser printers?
Completely agree - when it comes to software you will avoid doing 'stupid stuff' if you actually UNDERSTAND what you are doing.
C. S. Lewis on intelligence in Christianity
If you were smart when IE started adding features, you would analyze the feature in question before throwing your hands up and shouting about MS. For instance, XMLHttpRequest was a fricking cool innovation.

MS's problem traditionally has been that it doesn't open the spec for these sorts of things until much later, if at all. This is a tendency Google does not really share when it adds features to Chrome. For instance, before Google officially started working on Web Intents, an employee of theirs and one from Mozilla came up with different ideas for how intents should be handled. They agreed on a preliminary spec and now that spec is open for anyone to implement.
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Or there is this -- http://reprog.wordpress.com/2010/02/27/closures-finally-expl... -- which takes a much more informal approach. (Disclaimer: I wrote it myself, so it reflects my own rather practical moment of enlightenment rather than rigorous computer science.)
Are you talking specifically about app & social games, or would you make the same argument for other distribution channels (console, downloadable, board/card games)?

Anyway, excellent article. Looking forward to digging through your archives.
Why not both?

Btw Chrome is already on Android. Well, for Google TV at least. It's great that there's this cross-pollination of ideas. Makes for better software.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalant_abuse . "Huffing", "sniffing glue", etc.

The tasks you are talking require massive customization. It's a lot of niche development; few clients in each niche and a lot of work => more like consulting work than product development.

Niche customization is the reason why VB, Automator, etc. were all developed. You also have a massive sales problem - how do people find out about your software?

Consider "website projects". RoR and Django projects each have their own layouts and requirements. Most people using Modenizr are going to be the types of people to mix-and-match, and not want to use some tool to select the parts.

Then you switch to talking about xcode, and Photoshop. And server-site code. And minification. Each of those is hard in their own right. Then you'll find that someone really wants the filename name to be "España.jpg"

The dream of making it all work together smoothly is nice, but there's no easy route to there from here. Nor have you outlined what that route would look like. You've only stated the goal and have some idea of the tools you might use for that goal. Eg, how does one actually specify the "folder structure" and content validators? Is it a GUI? A configuration file? How does one handle cache flushing, including configuration information for the different deployment environments, connections to the different cache layers, and timestamps placed in GET requests to force new fetches?

Solve one of those problems and you'll have people using it. Don't try to solve the entire problem - I suspect there is no general solution.
Monads, in the context of programming, are used as abstractions for computation. That's all - some people mention state, because some useful computational strategies maintain state - but not all do. In Haskell:

The List monad represents nondeterministic computation. Each possible result from the previous step in the computation is fed into the next step of the computation.

The Maybe monad represents computation that can fail. If one step of the computation fails, then the rest fail. The previous step of the computation is only fed into the next step of the computation if it succeeds.

The IO monad represents globally stateful computation. The entire state of the program is fed into each step of the computation. Kind of. That's sort of the idea, anyway - it's a model.

The Reader monad represents computation in the scope of a single shared bit of data.

Only the latter two mention state. The idea of monads in programming is just abstracting computational strategies, and sometimes those strategies require or provide state.

Monads are neat in Haskell/ML because you can write code that works on arbitrary monads. Think of it this way: you know how you can write code that operates on a `List` in Java, and it will work on `ArrayList` and `LinkedList`? Well in Haskell, you can write code that operates on/with a given function regardless of computational strategy used.
Here is a related project on turning an image of a Go board into a computer readable file understood by most GUIs for playing Go:
http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/cjb/image2sgf.html
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Everything really, to a greater or lesser degree.
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Another commenter has a legitimate use case for a synchronous XHR: http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2846258

Regarding bottom on page, domloaded event etc. - that does not change anything, the js is still executed synchronously.