skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I don't get it.

Suppose a bad actor tries to double spend. They have to cryptographically sign both transactions, so the whole network will eventually receive knowledge of both transactions.

Why can't the network simply wait for some duration of time before accepting a transaction, to verify that no double-spends propagate from elsewhere?

If double spending is ever detected from a party, that party is dis-trusted by the network. The network will de-prioritize processing transactions from dis-trusted parties. Problem solved?
The universe could be infinite. Current evidence may be incorrect.
You have a very odd grasp of reality.

If I invest in Bitcoin and its price increased by 10%, I did not lose money if it turned out that real estate would have gained by 20%. I still gained 10%. Actually, only if I sold it.

That's not "losing money", it's not maximizing returns.

Further, you're still missing the double effect of staking. With staking your portfolio value will depend on the price of the token, yet since you staked it (it's locked up), it's a paper win/loss. Further, regardless of that, you get NEW coins for free.

Further, it's not linear at all. It's whatever the token does, which can be linear, parabolic, anything.
How someone made $15,000 in crypto by buying expired domain names
HOOD won’t be part of the S&P 500 index. Not sure what you mean?
China was opposed to the military junta and preferred the previous government.

Their recent diplomatic stance isn't about involvement, it's them calculating that involvement isn't worth it and signaling to the junta that they shouldn't be afraid of involvement.
Same here, and I’ve worked at everything from mom-and-pops to a couple of household names. IME this (seemingly endless) discussion about how to manage commit history is the tabs-versus-spaces of source control.
These are pretty solid recommendations overall (pytest, poetry, pyenv). I'd guess the most controversial things would be pre-commit hooks (please no) and using a force-fed autoformatter (DEAR GOD NO).
To include the whole passage you are talking about:

> The granddaddy of all consensus mechanisms—behind Bitcoin, Litecoin, Monero, and (for the time being at least) Ethereum—is called proof of work. Essentially, PoW makes adding transactions to the blockchain computationally—and therefore financially—very expensive, so as to discourage fraudulent activity. At the same time, users who go to the trouble of creating valid blocks, known as mining, are rewarded with cryptocurrency.

I would say this passage gets the facts totally correct. The author doesn't say that Proof-of-work has to do with the validity of transactions, they say it has to do with the validity of blocks.

Indeed, it can't be easy to make valid blocks or double spending would become a problem as you say. Not sure why you think this reflects the misunderstanding of the inherent costs of consensus systems.
> "On the other hand you can't produce all of your products in China and try to shame when they have higher co2 levels."

This is an important point that more people need to understand. That is, when a country outsources their manufacturing the associated pollution production goes with it.

China et al don't only have cheap labor, their environmental protections are also less stringent. So when, for example, the USA claims it has reduced X or Y it has often simply moved that off shore.

Put another way, that smog in Beijine - that so many in the West are fond of chastising - was Made For America, and others.
Liquid air energy storage systems: A review (August 2021) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136403212...

"Liquid Air Energy Storage systems have the potential to be a competitive local and grid scale energy storage technology. They also have the potential to facilitate the penetration of renewable energy technologies. However, there is a clear disconnect between what has been proven in literature, and what has been demonstrated in practice."
> Why does it matter if he can or cannot capture the majority of that market?

Amen to that.

FWIW... i've actively contributed to fossil since 2008 and can say with some authority that we (the "regulars" on the project) have never done "PR pushes" for more users. It's simply not how any of us function. We welcome those who stop by, and we're happy to evangelize when approached, but we don't go actively hunting for more users. We're more of a "build it and they will come (or not)" project. Every couple of years someone pops up in the mailing list/forum proposing ways we could gain more users if we'd just do this and that and that other thing, but that's simply not a priority for any of us who actively work on Fossil. Continued work on Fossil is not about dominating the DVCS field (git has, for better or worse, long since done that). As Richard is quoted in earlier responses in this thread, Fossil is, first and foremost, a tool for maintaining sqlite. Similarly, i make use of Fossil for literally all of my own code because it's a great tool for the job, whereas git is... errr... less so.

PS: the overwhelming majority of FOSS projects are far closer in size and scope to sqlite than they are to the Linux kernel (for which git was created).
SESTA / FOSTA laws in US?
For most projects, history gets used less and less the older it is. That's also true of the code. A lot gets abandoned or scarcely used.

But for the most important, widely used, long-lived projects, things are different. You come to appreciate history when you have legacy code that you want to change and you'd like to figure out what the authors were thinking when they wrote it. (Unfortunately, too often, the version control history wasn't kept at all.)

I think that we often assume our code is more important than it is, so we use ceremonies that aren't appropriate. But this is hard to judge in advance. The people writing long-lived code often didn't know that they were writing it.
Wasn't Crystal Spheres about the Fermi Paradox, not the Prime Mover Paradox?
I would add one more important point about kubectl?

If you don't work at Google, you don't need a complexity of kubernetes at all, so better forget everything you already know about it. The company would be grateful.

Joke aside, trying to sell something to the masses that could potentially benefit only 0.001% of the projects is just insincere.

Pure CV pump and dump scheme.
...but perforce getso many other things wrong....
HFCs are a scam designed to make oil investors think that Shell and Exxon will have a role in the electric transportation future. The notion that we are better off turning 3x the CNG into hydrogen fuel than burning 1x the CNG to charge a battery is absurd.
Yes I was trying to be insulting at the time, which was wrong
I feel that Vietnam should get more credit than it did for invading Cambodia to depose the Khmer Rouge.
Driving at the fastest allowed speed for long duration isn't a good bet with BEV. Usually you'll get shorter trip time by driving at 110km/h and skipping a charge.
It is difficult to care when we’ve been told since the 90s that the brink is only x years away and then nothing happens. Canada is huge 180 wildfires is nothing. The fact is that there is no peer reviewed scientific study that proves there are increased wildfires due to climate change. Assuming it is makes you the same as the folks who just assumed the pandemic was fake. It is anti-science.
The perils of PR
> but honestly I feel like most of the major software paradigms have been discovered…

Do t worry: I felt that way in the 80s before, say, the introduction of the Macintosh (which was merely a small, crippled version of my lispm)
That aspect is the same as PoW. PoW rewards also depend on what the value of the coin does.

You are right that you wouldn't normally consider alternate investments like that. But with PoS, where the only cost is the time value of the money staked, it is the only thing to compare.
Here come the 'China bad' bots without a hint of self awareness about the emissions/capita of almost every single western country, let alone the disasters like Gulf of Mexico on fucking fire right now.
The most trustworthy research I've read [0]/watched [1] is by Gwyneth Cravens.

[0] https://www.amazon.com/Power-Save-World-Nuclear-Energy/dp/03...

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9RKtIs10R6Q (hosted by the Long Now Foundation)

Though a bit thin on info, this page from the DoE is interesting (links to some more in-depth stuff that I haven't read yet): https://www.energy.gov/ne/articles/5-fast-facts-about-spent-....
Do you parse "preview release" in some way other than that which I outline above?
I think people would shift their emissions to different days of the week. During Covid, I could not work from home, so the office made each person take a different day off in the week to reduce concurrent people working by 20%. We would then work 10 hour days. I shifted all my chores and errands to my day off.

Restrictions are a political non-starter. We need carbon neutral ways for people to go about their daily lives, solar and wind electricity production, electric cars, jet fuel produced by taking carbon from the air and assembling it into long chains.
The percentage might be lower but if the whole is expanding enough the lower percentage might be greater that the previous.
> Then why do some corners of twitter thrive?

How big is that corner? That would be the upper limit to the size of the new platform which would service that specific audience.
Molten salt is going to be way more efficient on a round-trip basis. According to wikipedia, its something like 70% for molten salt, and 25% for cryogenic.

There are likely other engineering factors involved, but those efficiency figures are pretty damning on the surface.
solar + batteries is $40/mwh?
See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27723772
fair enough.

ironically, i read “A supposedly fun thing I’ll never do again“ and subsequently resolved to never go on a cruise, either…
Impressive work by an university group.

Perhaps also a testament to what you get in terms of productivity, if you use a more modern platform / language (Chisel/Scala).
I've worked on fintech as well. All of my full time jobs have dealt with both idempotency and API error code issues across both trading fintech as well as consumer social apps. App-level error codes, which includes idempotency, seem to be best handled in app request bodies, not the enveloping protocol layer.

In trading fintech there is the FIX API [0] which has been around for a while. It has a "Client Order Id" field which gets mapped to an (Exchange) "Order Id" field.

I've also worked on the Twitter apps. The API spec seems fairly clean [1], but at least when I was there some time ago, there were edge cases that both the HTTP error and app error codes had to be combined to find the true error in order to take the correct action and show an appropriate error message to the user.

Idempotency is a very app-specific error condition. So I'm definitely in the group of developers that would not want to see nor code for app errors at a transport like HTTP level. I feel that the header idea and spec has good intentions, but does not take into consideration the developer experience as an API grows more complex. It also forces changes at the app messaging level if one wants to support different transport types (UDP unicast or multicast, gRPC [2], etc.).

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_Information_eXchange
[1] https://developer.twitter.com/en/support/twitter-api/error-t...
[2] https://grpc.github.io/grpc/core/md_doc_statuscodes.html
This might explain parallel universes…
Sadly, it has little to due with public good and a lot with funds and lawyers and PR.
> It's super interesting, it ties all the causes of depression together — childhood trauma, everyday experience, down to the neuron, and chemical reactions. It really helps externalize it.

I’ll need to check this out. I really want to know more about what depression “is” before attempting to treat it. I’m skeptical about most suggested treatment options including medication, despite me being least skeptical about that. However, I was many years ago diagnosed and thrown on medication. Hard to not be cynical when you’re watching TV a decade later and see ads for a class action lawsuit regarding long term side effects of a medication you’re on because the company fraudulently claimed it was safe.
Because you can venture out of them at will. If you’re locked in to just that corner, it’s different.
Ask Me AnyFin with Apiax: What Is RegTech? On Regulations and How to Handle Them
It’s unacceptable to ship this kind of security flaw even for a half baked internal proof of concept.
Measuring Resilience of Autonomous Controllers to Missed Thrust Events – ESA GNC
If we assume that this is running in a truly huge Factorio instance then monitoring the world intently would reveal so many subtle bugs and inconsistencies in a world with otherwise extremely straightforward laws that being in a simulation should be a prime hypothesis.
Indeed, bad voting systems are not an issue regarding the EU because the EU is not democratic in the first place.
Both sides of this "readability vs. performance" debate can be argued ad absurdum but that's not my intention. All I know is that I try to conserve resources no matter what level of the stack I'm working on and those generated snippets certainly don't!
GPON
I always enjoy these threads because I get to hear about all the crazy git commands and workflows that people use besides (clone, commit, checkout, merge, pull, push).
macOS CI on a Budget (For Free)
I know what you mean there. Destination charging is currently the biggest weakness in the EV world, IMO. I'd love for every hotel and tourist destination to have L2 charging.
This is my sense too. Disrupting the legacy financial industry took moxie. And no doubt ruffled quite a few feathers. The big guys would love if HOOD failed miserably as a public company, so I’m cautious to invest. But the economics of the service are brilliant. HOOD is a money printing machine run by psychopaths—sounds like a win to me.
I work in DOS for a day (2014)
Catch-22 vibes
What book should I read?
My comment wasn't about reasonableness. My comment was about organizational reality.

How many times have you seen the two coincide in large orgs, especially ones as complex as Microsoft?

People treat organizational decisions from large orgs as if they were made by a particularly stupid, incompetent individual, but that's not what happens. They're made by organizational processes, incentive structures, and emergent behaviors.

That's not cynicism -- structuring over 100,000 people to collectively act in ways one might consider reasonable is a genuinely hard problem. We tend to blame unreasonable people or malicious behavior, but every person in an organization can be smart, ethical, and reasonable, and stupid stuff will still happen.

If there were one bad apple, like Enron, it'd be fine to blame the people there. If it's nearly every large organization in the history of humanity -- including formerly good ones like Google -- it's reasonable to look for a more systemic explanation than unreasonable people.
"We would like to thank Robert W Floyd, Michael Rabin and Albert Meyer for their motivation and invaluable suggestions"

That's the Floyd from Floyd-Warshall Algorithm and Rabin from the Rabin-Karp string search Algorithm.
AtGames Legends virtual pinball review: The better pre-built choice mostly
Echo Dots store a wealth of data, even after you reset them
It’s fine. They are going to get vegan gas from Greenpeace. I wish I were joking.
> Is this much worse than downloading some installer and running it?

Yes.

You should inspect what you download.

Also, you should probably use the Python interpreters provided by your Linux distro, that stay in directories you usually can't write to and come in signed packages. On a Mac, the next best thing would be MacPorts.
> Twitter & co are leaving open a huge window for a competitor to come in and take a big chunk of users.

There are some people that you may not want as your customers.
All I see here are a string of assertions, nothing presented that would make me doubt the fact checkers. Especially as the ones I’ve seen also show their working.

What I have seen is the people who have been fact checked mount a campaign to undermine fact checkers, and in fact undermine the idea that there are such things as facts.
"Taste" is like politics: it shouldn't have bearing on a professional setting or in the office. Some of the smartest, most well-motivated people I knew were completely tasteless. They weren't motivated by superficiality or keeping up appearances, they just did stuff.
I wonder why I get so down-voted, perhaps my non-native speaker brain has a wrong understanding of the term "masculinity"? In this context I take it to mean that being unreasonably angry at kids that wreck stuff is a typical thing for men, and that women don't suffer from this? Is this wrong?
Here we go again, a legal expert weighs in with a long and detailed post about Copilot;

And HN rallies to criticize it because Copilot can reproduce some snippets when forced to.
Well, I have a hard time drawing a line between GitHub Copilot and a compression algorithm.

If you can reproduce a verbatim copy of Quake source code after taking that source code as input before then that's compression. A really fancy, but still.

And given that it reproduces the source code: it has to hold that somewhere.

It would be very interesting if someone could reproduce the Quake example with AGPL code, then request the whole model + code because it clearly contains the AGPL code in some encoded form.
This is called the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis [0], and it is generally believed not to be true by linguists. As it turns out, natural languages are flexible enough to describe any phenomenon even if there are no dedicated words or constructs directly available. If a thought cannot be expressed by the currently available features of the language, people will invent new words "on the spot" instead of not thinking the thought in the first place.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_relativity
> The null hypothesis is chimpanzees and humans are not the same. We can reject it on the basis of DNA with greater than 95% confidence.

Do you really think this or are you trolling statisticians?
https://giphy.com/gifs/dreamworks-cute-mood-please-KEf7gXqvQ...
I mean… you can recycle batteries, too. And the environmental “issue” with batteries is largely a red herring (steel mining and even recycling would look bad if you had a campaign of misinformation against it like batteries do, cherry-picking dramatic industrial-scale images without comparison with what it is replacing).
$300/kWh isn’t anything to really write home about.

Not opposed to it, though. While I don’t think it’s a slam-dunk win against batteries by any stretch, it’s good enough not to be a waste of money if someone builds one (which is probably true for that cement-block gravity energy storage thing).
Or if we represent G-d's eternal delight in cheeseburgers (irony intended) to the point he creates the universe just to experience such delight recursively. His quest to taste the infinite cheeseburger (which we experience as a bitflip in some n-dimensional cosmic diner.)
Fossil's bisect works better than Git's in my experience, since Fossil's data model permits bidirectional tracing, whereas Git can go backwards in time only. This allows commands like "fossil bisect status" to show where you are in the decision tree, since it has to trace forward in time as well to provide the answer.

Fossil's strong resistance to changing committed history encourages a culture of not committing predictably-broken stuff, at least not to long-lived branches. This seems like an inherently good thing, to me. Every commit to long-lived development branches should pass all tests and should build on every supported platform. Fossil has tools for fixing this after the fact, but test-first development is your first line of defense for avoiding problems here.

If you're doing experimental work, you do it on a branch in Fossil, which unlike in Git is sync'd globally across all repo clones, so you can do things like check out the branch on another machine and test there before merging it down to the parent branch, presumably one of these long-lived development branches. This is useful in cross-platform development, so you catch portability problems.

(Incidentally, this merge point provides most of the benefits of Git's rebase without rewriting history and without losing the record of how you got to that merge point.)

Fossil just got a feature to avoid the need for a branch in that case: "fossil patch", which creates a Fossil repository (a specially-formatted SQLite database) with as little as one proposed commit, then gives you tools for schlepping that to another repo and integrating it temporarily so you can test on another machine before committing anything. These patch files solve all of the problems with "diff -u": preserve commit comments, file additions/deletions/renames, branches/tags, and so forth.

Fossil's shortest-path bisect algorithm can sometimes cause it to go down unstable branches, but there are ways to redirect it back to the stable branch or to skip broken commits.

Fossil is quite the antithesis of unusable and nightmarish in my experience.
I fail to see why we should assume such, and “the Biden laptop” thing turned out to be a waste of time regardless.
Same answer as any underpaid field: an oversupply of labor in that field vs demand.

The absolute worst fields are the “sexy” or trendy ones. Unless you are strongly driven to enter a field for non-monetary reasons always look into employment opportunities.
I'd think one major issue at this scale would be heat generated when pressurizing, and heat lost (= freezing) when depressurizing, the latter which could cause weakness and damage in any materials affected. But, I'm not a scientist or anything, take this armchair take with a grain of salt - there's other places where they do a lot with compression/decompression at scale, e.g. natural gas storage and transport.
Well, obviously it's impossible to know with 100% certainty. Some heuristics include:

* Some cheaters will just 100% match the best engine moves. If a player consistently does exactly what Stockfish would do that's an obvious giveaway.

* Some cheaters will be manually copying moves between the chess website and their engine; in high-speed games ('blitz' and 'bullet' chess) their abilities plummet when there are only a few seconds left on the clock, because they can't copy fast enough.

* Similarly, a player who takes 5 seconds a move whether they're pounding out a basic book opening or making an inspired move in an extremely complicated situation will raise suspicion.

* Some cheaters will just be improbably good for their known background. A few weeks back some billionaire beat five-time world champion Vishy Anand in a charity game (where Anand played a bunch of different games at once) which is the chess equivalent of Mark Zuckerberg outrunning Usain Bolt.

* Chess engines will sometimes make moves that even the top humans fail to see. All the action is happening on the right of the board, and some innocuous move on the left of the board produces a perfectly executed forced mate in 15 moves? Some people will look at that suspiciously.

Of course, a sufficiently careful cheater could cheat without triggering any of these heuristics - a player who only relies on the engine for one or two key moves can easily be undetectable.
But this is not climate, it's weather. Like you look like a fool on a cold winter mocking global warning, maybe wait a bit to call summer fires in Canada hottest summer in recent memory a direct climate change effect, or it'll just be invalidated next coldest summer in recent memory...

I remember forest fires in my country decades ago and they reduced a lot recently, so what, positive result of global warming and climate change, or good application of forest management ? Temperatures changing or ... anyway you get the point :D
https://giphy.com/clips/Claritin-allergies-claritin-the-outs...