skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I remember an older less-computer savvy gentlemen asking for support because "the program isn't working", when after a few questions we realized his computer won't boot up (screen dark, etc.). We thought his terminology was all screwed up. But now I realize he just lacked the necessary PR skill. He should have said that "the program isn't working" is a well-known term of art for power users such as himself. The fact that people who actually have a clue about computing find this imprecise term upsetting if there problem.
It so happens that aside from developing software, I'm physicist working on particle physics (specifically, I make my living in industry from cosmic rays). So I can assure you that "cosmic rays" actually mean something. Something very specific. Books have been written full of specific intelligent things we can say about cosmic rays. If you go an appropriate it to describe a whole bunch of phenomena because you can't be bothered to distinguish between them, you're in the exact same boat as that gentlemen from the start of the story.
Using wrong terms prevents understanding, as can be seen in all the stories linked elsethread so far. For example, using thinner silicon typically reduces the rate of Single-Event Upsets (the malfunctions caused by cosmic rays) but using smaller silicon components typically increases the rate of malfunctions due to quantum fluctuations. The latter typically happen in specific hardware that we manufactured not-quite-as-well as the rest. SEUs happen in the same rate in all hardware.
Your average non-tech SMB will hire consultants as-needed or go with off the shelf products. Tech-focused companies (assuming they are startups) use VC money and stock options to try and compete for talent.
That script is a utility for continuous integration, not anything distributed with Audacity.
A set of basic Git commands for everyday use is a good starting point and of course knowing a bit about the staging area and remote/upstream sources as well.

But if you move into the enterprise with multiple releases in active development and multiple teams, then it's hard to keep Git out of the way.
I think saying all off Github source should now be GPL is going a little far but I do feel very strongly that the people who contributed to the "intelligence" in copilot (most likely everyone who has committed to a public GH repo) should have access to the training dataset and the underlying model and its weights - obviously there is a lot more involved in actually making copilot from this but it would allow other people to start to compete fairly
If people are upset at each other about class, race, etc divisions; they won't spend much time wondering why their governments no longer enforce laws on corporations.
He meant to say he has 20 000 devices total, 1000 devices in each of 20 locations.

It's not out of the ordinary if you have different industrial facilities to instrument.
At first I thought just the tubes for this must have cost several thousand dollars, but it turns out you can buy these 6N3Ps for as little as 50 cents a pop (allegedly Soviet NOS), which probably makes these the lowest-cost vacuum tubes around, by far!
The proponent of the wall doesn’t even believe in catastrophic climate change.
Extro*
It’s probably useful to know that scales that may appear linear at first sight may actually not be, and then you have to be careful operating on it.

For example, ever notice how sweet lemonade may become sour when you dilute it with water 1:4? That really doesn’t make sense, since water isn’t sour. But perhaps sweetness and sourness have different gamma curves, changing the relative perception when operating on some value.
Telemetry code shouldn't even be in the source code in the first place.
Right but for how long? One can't grow on forever, that's not how things work with limited resources
United Healthcare administers many Medicaid insurance plans.

And many people with drug or mental health issues also have successful careers and private insurance plans.

So UHC does pay many of those bills.
If we're talking about what humanity's future off Earth might look like, it's actually highly unlikely that it's on planets at all, given how hostile such places are, the huge energy costs of entering and leaving gravity wells and how inefficient planets are at creating living area per unit mass. Orbital habitats using spin gravity seem way more likely with places like the Moon and Mercury being the source for the required raw materials.
Of course I don't think there will be any legal route to anything of this kind but I think there is a strong moral case that obviously MS will ignore completely...
I find it hard to believe that an organisation with GitHub's expertise and resources haven't analysed (and got comfortable with) the legal issues associated with the use of GPL / AGPL software to train CoPilot - so the lack of public comment on this is surprising.

Edit: Thanks to those who have pointed out that Nat Friedman has publicly commented on this (on HN!). My mistake.

>In terms of the permissibility of training on public code, the jurisprudence here – broadly relied upon by the machine learning community – is that training ML models is fair use.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27677177
But what law requires them to send crash reports to their servers?
Do SMBs hire software engineers?

Software is the ultimate scaleable write once and run everywhere resource. An SMB just runs software already written.

The one exception is an SMB that specializes in writing software aka the startup and they usually have to hand out equity and/or pay reasonably well.
You think these folks are submitting claims to United Healthcare?
I really understand Casey's anger here after using software that gets slower and slower every year even while hardware has become ludicrously fast. Our industry is a pile of bad excuses for why everything has to suck made by developers who are more concerned with fashion than making shit that's actually any good.
China takes Didi off app stores
Off the Beaten Path (Vim)
The central planning will always produce better results, but only if you know the optimal strategy. Since it's impossible to know the optimal strategy a free market is a better solution in practice. Until a sufficiently strong AI arrives.
Wow, sounds like the issue at hand is that these people are homeless and have no way to provide food. But let's focus on ER visits I guess?
According to Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_error): "in modern devices, cosmic rays may be the predominant cause".

However, radioactive isotopes in the packaging used to be a major cause. I liked this bit: "Controlling alpha particle emission rates for critical packaging materials to less than a level of 0.001 counts per hour per cm2 (cph/cm2) is required for reliable performance of most circuits. For comparison, the count rate of a typical shoe's sole is between 0.1 and 10 cph/cm2."
Putting servers in orbit is a really, really bad idea.
Firstly, it would be wildly inefficient, just due to the unavoidable delay both ways. You expect delay over a long distance network, but you want the server to be positioned and cabled up to minimize latency. Just locating a satellite requires quite a bit of overhead, so treating them as servers rather than clients would create a huge amount of latency. As a failover for ground-based servers in a nuclear war scenario, it could make sense, but they're also literally flying over the airspace of hostile nations who, in a war, have the capability to take them out. Mixing any kind of civilian control onto a server embedded in a flying artifact over an enemy nation is, obviously, a recipe for disaster in a hot war. Take all of that and the fact that the bandwidth is stone-age and spotty depending on its position, and there's no satellite you'd want to use to set up a website selling alpaca sweaters. (Watch: A few years from now we'll find out that the US Space Command runs some second strike end-of-world command control server off a satellite; that still only proves it's too late to contact the fucker when you need it).
Still, $0.50 for a single logic gate is pretty expensive, considering how many you need to construct all the circuits you'd need. You'd need 6 for a single D flip-flop...
A thought can be anything, right? How is this different than a forum?
Maybe it was even a clever trick by some developers who wanted to outfox Microsoft and force them to release GitHub's source.
Or was it a targetted data manipulation attack by the aliens?
Faulty RAM can produce errors and it's hard to catch those, even memtest might not detect it. I'm not sure if non-faulty non-ECC RAM can spontaneously have errors, but you can't be sure, cosmic rays are real, unless you've put your PC into a thick lead case, LoL.
But the legal opinion will be "your in completely new waters here, it's for us to guide the legal debate in our own favor" - a fundamental part of that will be to pretend no issues exist and to wait for the moves of other actors first
There are potentially plausible reasons such as that a free economy system could take longer to achieve an efficient market equilibrium compared to a centrally planned system.
True, i can also get OCD'ey vibes, myself included, i think it comes with mindset one fosters when looking at a screen for long. Same thing can also happen when doing Music or Digital Art, you can fell into a perfectionism loop, where you spend an exponential amount of time on smaller and smaller tasks, that no one will ever care about.

For lots of projects writing some quick end-to-end or story based tests is sufficient, maybe with some randomisation thrown in.

I honestly think the current framework hell we're in has pushed so many hyper-complex best practices that we just waste way too much time on perfecting process over actually coding - tests being one of the paradigms that has gone overboard.
not unlikely that we will have ip-islands connected by some DTN/sneakernet thou.
The story at the moment is a 2 deg c up tick, that sounds pretty fine to me. So we don't get snow so often? OK, but the summers are nicer. All good.

But if the reality is that wild fires burn my house to the ground and snow storms cut me off, freeze my pipes and stop me getting to work - now I'm listening.
Their way of writing it is very careless, including having "litigation" and "etc" in the sentence. It sounds like they can spy on you for their own purposes (collecting evidence against you) or based on copyright (copyright litigation) or basically whatever.
Metaphors hide and highlight. Sure there’s things “tech debt” doesn’t cover but there’s a lot that it does, it doesn’t mean it’s wrong.

One area is when a developer can deliver something to the business quickly by amassing large amounts of debt. The developer gets patted on the back, maybe a raise or a promotion, then leaves. That debt is then paid off by future generations.

Tech debt doesn’t necessarily means the design doesn’t work. The design could be functional for the business needs at the time developer but hard to change when future requirements are needed. Poor variable names, spaghetti code, hard coded values, etc. are often “cosmetic”. Fixing that stuff doesn’t really change the overall design but the rewards pay dividends when a new developer needs to understand and update the system.
We used to have 24 hour urgent care centers, but so far as I know there are none in this area still offering around-the-clock services.
> x isn't a state, so both `next x` evaluate to the same value

Yes. More generally, Haskell functions are pure (side-effect free), so you always expect the same input value to result in the same output.
Very whiney.
But then, maybe the average temperature is not the right thing to use in this context.

In France, the usual term is "climate warming", not sure about other places. Maybe we should use a term that shows that there's an increase in unusual temperature swings and / or exceptional events. These should be much more intelligible for the average person.

1º increase? Meh, 32º or 33º feel roughly the same.

Huge storms that tear the roofs off houses ever other week? Yeah, that might actually be a concern.
Radix Colors – A gorgeous, accessible, open-source color system – Product Hunt
I don't know, otherwise intelligent people do some incredibly stupid things with ML pretty often. This wouldn't be Microsoft's first time.
It could be a CPU issue, and ECC doesn’t save you from all of these:

https://engineering.fb.com/2021/02/23/data-infrastructure/si...

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.11245
This video is from part one of the Connections series. The entire series is available here
https://archive.org/details/ConnectionsByJamesBurke
Radiation cooling is pretty dramatic in space. With an isolated radiation shield/mirror from the sun and a decent sized heatsink, you can have a lot of cooling power on hand. A server isn't going to be pumping out nearly as much heat as a rocket engine, and launch vehicles don't tend to overheat.
The API Design-First philosophy (podcast episode)
Show HN: Codex – Decentralized Software Engineering
This is how MacOS presents thermal throttling in the Activity Monitor - there's a visible "kernel_task" process taking up CPU.

The downside is of course, that users see this process name chewing up 500%+ of CPU, google "kernel_task cpu", and find the commands to disable the thermal throttling to "fix" the issue!

https://eclecticlight.co/2019/02/25/playing-with-fire-dealin...
What's the CPU performance before/after?
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Indeed, I think the whole "ER overuse" thing is a smoke screen. Yes an ER has certain facilities that are needed for truly critical situations. Been there. But if someone walks in with a stubbed toe, that person is questioned at the front desk, and is directed to a waiting room and an experience that is pretty much just like regular urgent care.

Simple non-technical solution: Build a regular urgent care facility next to the ER and shunt the non-emergency people to it.
The Netherlands subsidizes about 75% of healthcare costs using taxpayer money, and implements a system of price controls on private insurers while making coverage mandatory. This would certainly be called nationalized, universal healthcare by the standards of US politics.
My best guess is that they have a legal 'argument' which they have chosen not to disclose yet. I think it's unlikely that 'brazen it out' would have got the green light - especially for MS and GH which, lets face it, depend a lot on developer buy-in.
I've found that CPU temperature is an extremely useful way to measure load on the system. All of my computers mine cryptocurrency in the background. I used cgroups to limit their CPU usage, tuning the parameters until the CPU temperature reached acceptable levels. Sometimes I also observe huge spikes in temperature when I do random things. Scrolling certain javascript-heavy pages causes my temperature readings to briefly spike all the way up to 90 °C!
Draw a Win32 Window with Rust without any crate dependencies
Humans can examine the underlying data and reason that indeed one bitflip could cause the observed result.

In this particular case the alternatives are:

1. The bitflip happened. Cosmic rays. Defective CPU. Maybe a tremendously rare data tearing race somewhere in software.

OR

2a. Somebody has a fast way to generate near-Collisions in SHA256, which are 1-bit errors from the target hash. Rather than publish this breakthrough they:

2b. Had a public CA issue and sign two certificates, one uninteresting real certificate for *.molabtausnipnimo.ml which we've now seen and another "evil" near-colliding certificate with the one-bit-different hash then they:

2c. Logged the real certificate but at only one log (Yeti) they get the log to show the real certificate yet actually use the hash from the "evil" certificate, thus perhaps obtaining a single valid SCT for the "evil" certificate.

Scenario 1 isn't terribly likely for any one certificate, but given we're logging vast numbers every day and errors inherently cascade in this system, it was going to happen sooner or later.

Scenario 2 fails for having too many conspirators (a public CA, and likely a different public log) and yet it achieves almost nothing even if it remains secret. Your Chrome or Safari expects at least two SCTs (one of them from Google, in this case Google's Argon 2022 log), one doesn't get the job done. And it was never going to remain secret, this occurrence was spotted after less than a day, and thoroughly investigated, resulting in the log being shut down, after just a few days.

[Edited multiple times to fix awful HN formatting.]
As, an ambulance chaser who reviews ER bills and records, I’d add that a large portion of the ER frequent flyers are hypochondriacs.
classic move fast and break things
Was doing dinner with the owner of the company I work for, some of his family stopped by to join us. They said we don’t need universal health care for everybody, because the homeless people can just use the ER
I think the maximalist interpretation of copyright as it applies to software is dying out. Just as the phrase "Once upon a time" certainly isn't copyrightable its equivalents in software obviously cannot be either. While the legal system hasn't 100% caught up to this fact because software is still a relatively new thing, it eventually will. Implementing, for instance, Dijkstra's algorithm with the help of a tool that has read a bunch of GPL'd code will not create a derived work, the comments can get you in trouble certainly, but without them I have a hard time seeing it. Even so the standard for damages in most of the world is actual damages.
Indeed, if we want tunnels to make a rail network cross the Rockies, we had really better get started, since you'd need 5 east-west routes to make trains practical ("less impractical"?) to cross the Rockies. No one is going to take an additional 1000 mile (7+ hour) diversion north-south to pass through a tunnel to repeat that north-south diversion on the other side.
https://archive.md/Xgrmp
You're saying you have to engineer chip components so they're small enough not to be hit as often by cosmic rays, but large enough to avoid quantum fluctuations? Are quantum fluctuations something Intel is dealing with regularly as they get down under 3nm?
Going straight from detached single-family homes to high-rise condos skips over a vast array of possibilities in between - duplexes, quads, cottage courtyards, townhouses, even the ubiquitous 4+1 with commercial space at ground level and living space above. I don't know about Strong Towns specifically, but AFAICT the modern urban-planning community is often critical of both extremes.
Could someone with more knowledge explain to me "urgent care" and if there could be a case made to expand it?

I got injured (not too bad) and went to urgent care - my wait time was about 10 minutes. It costs me nothing, seems like a good system that would catch a lot of these borderline ER cases we hear about.

In my case, my insurer runs the hospital so it seems like they have an incentive to keep costs reasonable. But maybe, if you're a hospital and you are running numbers on adding ER or Urgent Care you default more to ER since you know you can just bill the insurance 10% over cost (or whatever) no matter what.
Permission:

If you are setting up a base station, your landlord or HOA may have restrictions on the antenna size. There are no permissions or license required in the U.S. from the FCC assuming you are using unmodified CB radios. Keep the antenna and coax cable away from other equipment if you can, to avoid interference that results in neighbors complaining about you.

Technical:

Look for ARRL sites that describe how to properly install and ground your antenna as well as different antenna types. The same knowledge for ham operators using the HF bands will apply to CB radio (26-27Mhz). HN is not a sufficient platform to give you all the steps you would need. You will need an antenna, SWR meter (standing wave ratio) to tune your antenna, coax cable, antenna mast, grounding connection (new or existing building ground). An all-around decent omni-directional antenna would be a 5/8's wave ground plane. 1/2 wave are more plentiful but less effective for what you are doing. The ARRL sites will give you information on how to do all of these things. You could also find a local ham radio club that will have people knowledgeable in this area. They may try to get you into HAM radio and that does require a license.

There are CB radio base station transmitters. The selection is smaller today than in the 70s/80s. You can find equipment on Amazon, just don't trust the positive reviews in my opinion. Try to find something that has both AM and SSB (LSB USB) should you some day want to talk to other countries using skip conditions.

You will find truckers and maybe some locals on channels 17 and 19. Channel 9 if for emergencies but may not have anyone responding. Happy to add more later, but I have to step away for a bit.
Mars is closer than the moon, at least in terms of fuel. It takes less velocity/delta-V (aka space gas) to get to the surface of mars than it does the surface of the moon. We can use parachutes/aerobraking at Mars whereas at the moon we have to burn rockets all the way down. So mars is the easier and more dramatic stage for anyone wanting to demonstrate thier rocket tech. Venus is even closer still, but as a hell planet Venus doesn't lend itself to dramatic imagery and storytelling.
Might I ask roughly what region this is, or when it was developed? This sounds kind of like old-style suburbs, which were indeed quite nice. In most of California you can't buy a quart of milk without going over half a mile.
Sometimes large institutions with lots of smart people can analyze and get comfortable with positions on issues that turn out to be completely wrong a decade or so later. Happens all the time.

I'm not sure whether or not I agree that is happening here, but I've spent enough time in big companies to develop a healthy skepticism of their decision-making processes. So much groupthink.
Location: Bangalore, India
Remote: Yes
Willing to relocate: No

Technologies: Camera ISP, Computational Imaging, Image Processing, Computer Vision (feature based and deep learning), Vision based systems and optics

Resume/CV: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OgMMbRvK1CijPO9WDFVvwTKL9Na...

Email: kaushik.nnarasimha@gmail.com
https://github.com/lericson/verktyg/blob/80afdcce09088c11bc1...
Also, ECC ram is technically supported on AMD’s recent consumer platform, although it’s not advertised as so since they don’t do validation testing for it.
Undetected ECC errors are common enough to see from time to time in the wild. This paper estimates that a supercomputer sees one undetected error per day.

https://www.cs.virginia.edu/~gurumurthi/papers/asplos15.pdf
"New York City" is a proper name but not a proper noun. You may want to look up the difference if you are convinced otherwise.
> Unfortunately I've never had a decent raise without changing jobs

unfortunate, but true in a lot of companies
What is that ladder doing in the images?
A simple thought-experiment is: which of your neighbors are you planning to murder when things get rough?