skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> "The problem is that, in the past half century, a different type of food processing has been developed," says Fernanda Rauber, a nutritional epidemiologist at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, about what we now call "“ultra-processed foods”. "These substances would not be found in our kitchen. Usually, they contain little to no proportion of real foods."

This is ridiculous. Processed (or "ultra-processed") foods are mainly flour (wheat, corn, etc.), sugar (sugarcane, sugar beet), and refined oils (soy, canola). All of these are found in the kitchen and are very much "real foods".

Yes, processed foods include small amounts of ingredients like emulsifiers and natural flavors, but by weight they're a tiny proportion. The idea that they make up most or all of a product by weight is utterly ludicrous.

It's fine and good to be aware that processed food doesn't contain the "antioxidants and phytochemicals" found in unprocessed foods, and they may be calorie-dense and low in fiber. But it's unhelpful and utterly dishonest when nutritionists or scientists make absurd claims about processed foods being made mostly out of ingredients not found in our own kitchens.
Tactile feedback and consistent UIs are great and a common feature (if not a defining one). I've got a Pentax dSLR -- it's got an excellent UI (better than canon's, imo) and their manual tweak focus adjustment & focus hold system does just work very well. It also has an excellent set of manual controls. A pity that nobody else has heard of them...
> Assuming the caloric intake is the same, how does eating a peach smoothie differ from eating a peach?

Your body has regular teeth. Most people don't chew even 30 times per bite.

A blender has mega-ultra-turbo teeth that are both way, way sharper than a person's and also they never get tired because they're powered by electricity not muscles.

How much chewing do you think is equivalent to blending? My very unscientific guess is that blending is something like 1000 chews per bite or more given that our teeth aren't as sharp as blender blades.

Eventually quantitative differences (number of chews) become qualitative (sugars and starches encapsulated in small bits vs chemically liberated). Blenders do a lot of the work of digestion mechanically well before your body has a chance to do it chemically.
Why can't apple just allow some kind of pixel that doesn't reveal user identity, or strip user identity from what's already being used.

I don't really mind someone knowing I opened an email, just like I'm fine with a website knowing I visited (say using plausible.io rather than google analytics). I get that that's useful to them for non-nefarious reasons.
Same with x86. Even modern x86 CPUs boots in real mode so you can run a baremetal 8086 binary from the 1980s.
This rambling article talks about the earl of sandwich and the origins of soda and some early food processing methods for things like chocolate.

The article doesn't say anything meaningful or interesting about how processed foods actually became unhealthy, though, and it also doesn't even talk about modern processed food.

What a waste of time.
> "to the great benefit of the health system and society overall"

I don't think we can say anything about what the net effect will be, seeing as the mRNA vaccines are novel in significant ways.
Or maybe the next one will be much better. This actually happened to me. New company was a god-sent. Instead of most colleagues being the "throw arms up in the air at any slight complication and do nothing" I got wonderful co workers that both love their job and are good at it.

It is so great to finally have found other like minded people that you can just have an awesome discussion with on an equal enough level. Of course people still have differing opinions or knowledge about specific topics. We can have a heated discussion on what the best structure or naming is for something but you don't have to fight over whether naming is important in the first place and you don't constantly feel like you have to explain the basics on everything over and over, never getting anywhere.
Improving Search to better protect people from harassment
I don’t see how that’s possible.

If VW had:

1) a fleet of fully autonomous vehicles.
(2) running for years gathering training data.
(3) all over the world.

They would still have a really long way to go to catch up with Tesla - who are still (according to their recent statements to regulators) not even close.
An "elevated ambient temperature" event :)
> And if you insist on believing in the crazy conspiracy theories, at
least SHUT THE HELL UP about it on Linux kernel discussion lists.

I see Linus still hasn't changed much.
FLoC is inherently anti-user, it serves literally no purpose other than to support tracking, while breaking all current anti-tracking tech by mandating its user across domains (a nice solid break of Same Origin policy).

That it came from google is hardly surprising, as they are hell bent on stealing every bit of information they can from everyone, whether or not that person has a relationship with them, let alone consented to the abuse.

I would be stunned if FLoC lasted more than a few months in the real world before google just started using it as an additional source of entropy to spy on people across domains.
I’m pretty sure you cannot solve a non trivial domain specific problem with no code tools. You are trying to compare prices for two different markets.

If you can do it with no-code tools, then you most likely had a trivial app to begin with. I used to make custom websites over 10 years ago. Those folks can now just set up their branding and payment with social media sites and things like Shopify. I haven’t worked for those customers in a long time. Their problems are solved. In other words, those who are building trivial apps and can resort to no code tools won’t even be your customer in the long run. Don’t focus on it. Let them go and find better markets (big data, industries with complex business logic, need for accountability, on call support, etc).
Hedonic treadmill is different. This is about labor flooding the market and driving its price down, and auction-priced (supply-constrained) goods being bid up in price (like housing).
The whole concept of a gold standard is that you can trade your paper money in for real metal at any time.

What you describe, base gold supply + credit, implies fractional reserve banking. As soon as you have a fractional reserve, the gold standard promise no longer holds. The question becomes - what level of fractionality is acceptable? And who decides that, the government? What stops them from decreeing that one ounce of gold now represents a billion dollars and letting the printing press fly?

(In fact, this is precisely what did happen. Look up the historic value of the British Pound. Gradually got watered down over the centuries as I described.)

If the government can make up the fraction they want to use, let’s just skip the extra steps and let them make up the amount of money they want to print directly.

Ultimately you can’t get away from the fact that we’re creating a hell of a lot of economic value every year and we’ll never dig up gold at the same rate, probably ever.
Observation of a prethermal discrete time crystal
Employers need to stop providing healthcare, they should end healthcare as a benefit and provide employees with a one time raise to cover the costs, and then be done with providing healthcare.

Big companies don't want healthcare to go away, because it's means to control employees, it's a way to suppress competition from small businesses, and is suppresses wages.
I mean... you are doing what I find more than a few always seem to do on threads discussing the M1. Which is to subtly suggest that it is a computational powerhouse, with vague and non-verifiable metrics (your post that I originally replied to is a good example). Agreeing to disagree should be possible, and the request you got for a follow up to give some more specific details was polite, and should not have been that hard to deal with. It was also genuinely interested in an answer, so I question the appropriateness of the langue your responded with. And, I might also remind you that as far as answering the question, it did not.

If you haven't already, I'd suggest looking at https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html. And I mean that too in a polite way, as it is easy to get carried away and assume the worst in anonymous conversations with strangers.

So, to summarize. Apple originally made highly misleading statements on the computational power of the M1, and since then, this misconception is repeated quite often. After a while, it gets annoying to see new posts on HN, week after week. Now, alluding that an M1 is 3x faster at training models than discrete GPUs can only be true if it is a decade old hardware. And as that stands, your original comment was asked to be clarified. After all, it's not unheard of for M1 benchmarks to disable the discrete GPU of the PC it is compared to, for "fairness". Limiting the training to a single CPU core for "even more fairness" would be par for the course.

So, I did not suggest you were an "appleboy", as you put it. I asked what kind of hardware you actually experienced a 3x speedup on, as the i7 goes back to 2009, and "GPU", well, further back.

In any case, and this might come as a surprise, feel free to not answer. But, then, I can only wish that you refrain from making the effort at a rude response.
Haven't we had basically this with outsourcing ("same" work for way less money)? Was it not, all things considered, nightmare fuel on average?
I want people to be able to calculate risk for themselves rather than have GOVT decide what risks people can and can't take. If one doesn't deem it risky to themselves, perhaps because they are in their 20s and the average age of covid mortality is 80, then it is up to them and it is their personal freedom to choose what to/not do. If you are 90 and have 5 more years left to live, then my all means, stay indoors. Or don't and spend your last years with your family rather than dying alone in some care home that you are locked in and can't leave... Forcing/mandating mask wearing in democratic countries does more damage to democracy.

This will probably get downvoted/flagged but I wanted to say it.
>Get vaccinated. Stop believing the anti-vax lies.

Thanks Linus. I think I'll pass.

Edit: Keep the downvotes coming lads, don't let off the gas pedal now.
At first glance at the title, I thought it was translating Python code to Rust code.
you should charge what people are willing to pay, if you are willing to work for that price :)

if you can find a person who believes the work is worth $7,000, and you estimate you can do it in 10 hours... just charge them $7,000 and ask them when they would like it delivered.
Powered flight, computation, batteries, electric motors, internal combustion engines, rockets, and a host of other technologies have taken >80 years to become industrially useful.

Confined fusion has been demonstrated at Q=0.6, it just hasn't hit break-even yet which would make it industrially useful. ITER should exceed break-even and DEMO should produce power in 2051.
Probably because they do not really encode how anything works and because, probably by necessity, the growth of organisms is a swarm intelligence that is quite self-healing.

In particular with coinjoined twins, it's quite remarkable how much the systems for body development still produce something that connects the inner workings, which was obviously not it's “purpose”,but the self-healing growth mechanisms that corrects for errors simply leads to that.

Consider the Hensel Twins who have two mouths but their digestive system at some point merges in a way that is capable of digesting. The “tubes” of their digestive tract actually merge at one point, but they have two stomachs.
But Linus is not a doctor or biologist, so no expertise to speak of. And the infection rate dropped to almost zero last summer as well, no vaccine in sight at the time.
Processed food isn't food at all, it's a 'food product' make to resemble food.
On the plus side it gives free information to billions of people, now everyone can have free gps maps, email, websites
A LOT of people here seem to be very willing to tax unrealized gains.

I hope you all know that that would kick gentrification into hyperdrive and force a whole lot of people out of their homes.
I cant +1 this enough. Thank you, Linus for standing up to the wealth of misinformation out there and holding his ground.
Portugal has a great visa program if you can afford to invest in an investment fund or buy a property there (“Golden Visa”). It’s about 250k-500k EUR, but fast tracks your permanent status.
If I was Jeff I'd pay taxes, I wouldn't try to get write offs even if they were available out of principle.
You've got doctors, presumably educated people who actually learned how DNA, RNA, works, telling lawmakers that vaccines cause people to be interfaced with 5G towers, like what, an X-Men techno-virus? I mean WTF, how can professionals be so INSANE? And it's not just this person, there are lots of QAnon idiots spreading this mindvirus all over the net.

https://fox8.com/news/coronavirus/cleveland-doctor-tells-ohi...
The MFA we commonly use right now won't protect against phishing because, as I suspect you mean, the codes are not protected against being entered into the "wrong" site.

Proper MFA, like U2F/FIDO2/whatever-it-is-called-today, will protect against phishing because the visited site won't match the hash needed to complete the second-factor-auth-flow.
Because of the last mile problem.

US population density is typically low, even in many cities.

This means that any reasonable spending on buses and train routes ends up with relatively infrequent service to places not too close to you.

This is self-reinforcing, too. Everyone taking cars for all trips means you need lots of space for parking and roadways, which spreads things out and makes walking and transit less practical.
Yea, I have no doubt that there are still a handful of extremely well paid APL devs at the company I worked at then (I wasn't at morgan stanley). I was part of a project that helped put a webservice frontend in front of the app so that non-power users didn't have to use a cli to interact with the application if they didn't want to. I don't think there was any appetite or desire to engage in a re-write due to the risk involved when I was there then and I would guess they have maintained that reasoning. I have a vague recollection of some of the stories from the APL devs, one of them was the first to get APL working on a personal computer way back in the day. He carried the computer into some APL conference and demo'd it and got a massive ovation supposedly.
Most tax software will automatically claim all such credits like this. Somebody would probably have to go out of their way to opt out of receiving the credit.
Removing effective ads from the internet would be even more anti user. I dont think most people will be happy when everything is paywalled effectively.
So much this. Judges tend to respond very poorly to "but you didn't say Simon Says" style arguments.
Hope we'll still have IME-free Risc-V for some years.
The Bay Area's Lost Streetcars
Yeah, the anger management sessions didn't do much.

Also, some of the things he states are wrong (or unverified) as well.

I wish people had the maturity of being able to discuss sensitive topics without having it degenerate into a visceral fight. For instance, I'm not being rude or anything, I'm just sharing my knowledge from 10+ or so years doing science, not pushing an agenda and presenting arguments in a civilized manner. Yet, for some reason, some people don't like that, go figure.

Similar to the chinese leak fiasco, it was a natural question to ask yet the agenda was to bury it as it if was wrong to question those things. A bit sad to be somebody who is just following the tides like some sort of insentient seaweed.
> To assume that once we reached this point, human cognition stopped evolving would be more elective than attempting to explore hypothetical situations as applied to our understandings of past peoples to help analyze the question.

Evolution doesn't work that way. My criticism was with your assumption that such selection would differ markedly between populations.

Also, IQ is not a suitable proxy for intelligence, if you want to make the conclusions you're making. It's an aggregate metric that takes into account things that aren't intelligence (e.g. certain aspects of culture); how do you know you're not detecting heritability of those? Any study that starts at IQ and ends with new conclusions about intelligence is probably wrong.
If you're operating in good faith and genuinely want to persuade people, then your takeaway from this exchange is that how you're doing it isn't working and you should rethink your approach.
> I disagree with so much of this! Though I can tell the author is coming from a lot of experience.

I bit off topic, but this sums up a lot of my experience with code reviews. People have opinions on what is the "one right way" and if I differ, we go through this drawn out discussion on Github about it. Most of the time, I see it as there are different ways to do it with different trade offs. I find myself just giving in so I can get the damned PR approved without a few days of back and forth.

Granted there are times when there is a much better way. In those cases, I very much appreciate the feedback. It's truly educational. In my experience though, most of the time, it's senior developers insisting their style/way is best.
Yes it does, maybe not directly. Two examples, both 1Password and my Yubikey only autofill passwords based on the domain. I immediately get a tingle when I go to autocomplete a commonly visited website and it doesn't fill ... time to immediately inspect the URL for phishing etc. Those tools have definitely saved me multiple times.
Not to mention if he gets caught in one job, he will lose a bunch of other jobs as well.
Years ago, I met a performer at an event who sat there and ground a key for you. The key wasn't for a lock, it was a unique artifact they made just for you. It took about 10-15 mins, and they just sat and spoke with you while they ground the key.

It was a soothing experience, and I kept that key around for a very long time.
Sorry, I don’t like it when MY money goes to help THOSE people. (Sarcasm)
> [...] very little fiber [...] making you full slower
[...] You'll stop eating after 3 apples [...]

Every time someone repeats this sort of thing I have to laugh to myself a little. If only it were so easy to keep my body from constantly craving more calories!
Stand up a few useful services around the home and harden them. Stuff like Plex/Emby, Paperless-ng, *arr's, etc. Self hosting is addicting and one of the best teachers.
Just about everything handed to us by the past can be changed, but there are mechanisms through which you have to do it. Those mechanisms exist, right now, today. Stop whining. Go use them.
Processing can also mean separating out parts of foods to exclude them from the product. Take fiber for example. Processing an ingredient to reduce or remove its fiber doesn't change the molecular make up of the remaining portion of the ingredient. The molecules in = molecules out (minus the fiber).

However, fiber lowers cholesterol levels by preventing cholesterol from being absorbed, and slows the absorption of glucose. When we examine the modulating effects of ingredients and couple that to biological non-linearities, it's not too hard to see how processing can affect how food interacts with the body. Reduced fiber foods, can affect the body in ways different from non-processed food even if the molecules being ingested are identical to those in the original ingredients.
> foundational security

Can you tell us what that means?
An internet with no ads will have much less content.
I wrote the story on the size limit issue you linked and have thoughts on the issue listed here. (Long story short: This whole issue is a byproduct of the lack of standardization in the email space, something highlighted by the use of tables in emails, which are another reason why emails are so large. Long story short, email is in need of modernization, which could lead to better options for tracking than tracking pixels, which are not anonymized enough for publisher use cases.)

I agree that the amount of tracking going on in the Substack links is a bit aggressive, but I want to be careful to not put too much of the blame on them for the long links. Part of the problem is the service that Substack is using, Mailgun, is intended for transactional emails, rather than the newsletters that Substack is sending. My feeling is that Substack ramped up using Mailgun but probably needs to start building their own tech for doing this, because it’s clearly not suited for the Substack use case.

Thanks for sending the link—it is super-relevant to this issue.
> Likewise for engaging (or not) with emails at all. What setup do you have in mind where this is the case?

If you use IMAP (or basically anything else than POP) then your email client reports the read status back to the server.
What did he say that you would consider to be wrong or unverified?
Yes it is. This is the very crux of the issue. Simply showing a correlation is not demonstrating that behavior is linked to breed. Show a single study that even attempts to prove dog nature is linked to breed. You'll find that actual science finds the opposite.
It's not uncommon for the unsubscribe links to live on the same domain as the link tracking and other features of whatever email or marketing automation platform they are on, so if those are blocked to prevent tracking, the unsubscribe links would be as well.
OK, so someone has "my data", ie a partial list of websites I may have visited. Now what? What harm has been caused to me?
Apple can't strip identity from the existing trackers because there's not a separate and distinct part of the tracker that encodes the user identity. It's integral to the tracker itself, which makes this an all-or-nothing proposition.
One of the things I love about Stripe is how much information they give you on the landing page for the product. Code snippets, examples, clear explanations about what the product does; links to developer documents etc.
NSA’s posture has been both for at least twenty years. They have separate divisions and everything.
It should also be pointe out that about two thirds of human conceptions result into early embryonic death, so evidently it is not as smooth a ride as suggested.
Please explain the preservatives found in a can of tomato paste. Lets take... Hunt's tomato paste, a popular brand.

Hint: the preservative is "Citric Acid", also known as lemon-juice. A wee bit more acidity negates any chance of botulism (which just barely can live in the PH of Tomato-acid. But add a squeeze of lemon to it and make it slightly more acidic and this rare bacteria is taken care of).

Otherwise, you're looking at just mashed up tomatoes + a squeeze of lemon inside of a can. No joke, nothing else is in there.

-------

The other aspect of "preserving" is the airtight can, which prevents other organisms (other bacteria, mold, fungus) from entering the can.

Any tomato paste can you find is basically using this technique.

--------

Other canned veggies are even more pure. Canned corn is just heated (at the factory) to a temperature that kills botulism spores. A lot of cans add salt for flavor, but you can easily buy salt-free cans and get pure corn if that's your preference.
The square buttons made a target that was large enough to dial quickly. There was also some secret sauce they did to make the dial pad seem more responsive that other UI elements.
This is why, one on ones are great but you should also occasionally meet your manager and talk with them in a less formal setting. If you're out at dinner celebrating a new project release (especially if the drinks are flowing) - then you'll hear about all the shit they're keeping off your back.