skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ahh... I was wrong! There's one detail I wasn't aware of: if you take the address of a dynamic function, it appears to disable ELF lazy dynamic symbol binding for that function, so that it's guaranteed the GOT entry has been resolved to the global function address before main() is entered. It then just unconditionally uses the GOT entry as the function address.

If we print the address of main and never take the address of printf, we get lazy symbol resolution for printf like I expected:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("main is at %p\n", main);
return 0;
}

objdump --section .plt -d a.out shows 2 PLT entries:

0000000000001020 <.plt>:
1020: ff 35 e2 2f 00 00 pushq 0x2fe2(%rip) # 4008 <_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+0x8>
1026: ff 25 e4 2f 00 00 jmpq *0x2fe4(%rip) # 4010 <_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+0x10>
102c: 0f 1f 40 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)

0000000000001030 <printf@plt>:
1030: ff 25 e2 2f 00 00 jmpq *0x2fe2(%rip) # 4018 <printf@GLIBC_2.2.5>
1036: 68 00 00 00 00 pushq $0x0
103b: e9 e0 ff ff ff jmpq 1020 <.plt>

That jmpq *0x2fe2(%rip) in the second PLT entry is an indirect jump through the prnitf GOT entry. The printf GOT entry is actually initialized to point right back at the pushq $0x0 inside pritf@plt. That pushes 0 on the stack so the dynamic symbol resolution knows which GOT entry it's lazily resolving. The jmpq 1020 <.plt> jumps to the first PLT entry, which then uses the 0 at the top of the stack to know it's resolving the printf GOT entry.

But, if we ever actually take the address of printf, then printf ceases to be a lazily bound ELF symbol:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("printf is at %p\n", printf);
return 0;
}

Note that we lose the dynamic resolution PLT stub for printf (objdump --section .plt -d a.out):

0000000000001020 <.plt>:
1020: ff 35 e2 2f 00 00 pushq 0x2fe2(%rip) # 4008 <_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+0x8>
1026: ff 25 e4 2f 00 00 jmpq *0x2fe4(%rip) # 4010 <_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+0x10>
102c: 0f 1f 40 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)

And gcc -O2 -S main.c shows it's just unconditionally loading the GOT entry (printf@GOTPCREL) to use as the function address. (Note the dissasembly shows printf@PLT, but objdump doesn't show this PLT entry. I guess the linker does some link-time optimization there to remove the actual PLT entry.)

main:
.LFB11:
.cfi_startproc
subq $8, %rsp
.cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
movq printf@GOTPCREL(%rip), %rsi
leaq .LC0(%rip), %rdi
xorl %eax, %eax
call printf@PLT

https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/ELF/zSeries/lzsabi0_zSe... (section named Function Addresses) mentions that things (at least for IBM zSeries) basically work as I originally expected, but further vaguely mentions some special steps are taken to make function addresses compare as expected. It doesn't specifically mention disabling ELF dynamic symbol resolution.*
Here's the summary: Ruby like most of all other Linux applications from that age was written to run in multi-process mode for parallelism, instead of being multi threaded.

But running multi-process is heavy on the JVM as it has to load the virtual machine and JIT for every process start, special when the processes are short lived.

Java solves it by encouraging running things as multi-threaded instead of multi-processed.

But Ruby wasn't built to run multi-threaded. And CRuby even if can run threads, does it by implementing a global thread lock. Aka, only one thread can run in a process at a time. The other threads have to wait until it finishes.

It looks like the multi-process implementation is good enough for CRuby and JRuby's attempt to turn it into multi threaded application didn't improve things.

Solution is to build a JVM that can load the virtual machine, JIT and execute applications fast enough like C programs.
> If your cofounder fires you and you keep 45%

This assumes they do not have a vesting schedule.
The Romans also cooked with laser and rocket:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silphium

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eruca_vesicaria
The actual buttons on the pebble were terrible though but I do agree, it really sucks that this isn’t possible. I remember having a jailbreak tweak that allowed to use long presses on volume up/down to skip songs. Something like this could be done with the crown on the watch but we’re talking about apple, so don’t even think about using the physical inputs for something useful.
This looks very useful at the start&end of our data processing pipelines, to quickly generate some stats on data that goes in/comes out

Thanks a lot for sharing!
> Almost impossible not to give it to others.

Your facts are old, very old.

Transmissibility has been linked to the nasopharyngeal viral load during onset symptoms. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33296437/] The virus may not be as present in your nasal discharge, or breath. We've also known from the start transmissibility is also definitely not linked to the severity of symptoms.

When you read from articles from the CDC such as [https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-si...] they don't mean all people spread it the same way, just "we have found it spreads commonly in these three ways".

Ironically enough, we traced my positive infection to a non-human animal which sneezed in my face. Within a day I had conjunctivitis (pinkeye). I had non-typical symptoms before severe fatigue set in. I just thought I was going through bad caffeine withdrawal at the time.

Locked inside the house with my spouse and kids for two weeks with symptoms, breathing all over each other, laughing in each others faces, touching the same items, etc.

I only got tested on day 13 when the respiratory and heart symptoms set in. 6 months later I still have some lingering issues. Nobody else in the house or who I associated with ever got it, and they tested every 5 days for a month.
Great description. I’d say it’s also important to note that in this context, the division slash means you divide the “numerator” into equivalence classes such that the difference between any two elements in a class is divisible by the “denominator”; i.e., class elements are equivalent mod the denominator. So for instance, x^2 and -1 lie in the same class because x^2-(-1) = x^2 + 1
We can give the money directly to the people, eliminating pork. This is one benefit of UBI.
> That being said I also know someone who got Covid 2 times, once in march 2020 and once in april 2021. (Confirmed by PCR the 2 times). The second time was much milder, but still she had to stop working for a week (versus one month the first time). It is still possible it was a defective test the second time, and something else than Covid.

For what it's worth my girlfriend is currently recovering from her second bout of covid. She had it first about a year ago and then second about a month and a half ago. Confirmed by PCR test and antibody tests afterwards as well as totally consistent symptoms. The first time knocked her out totally about a week and left her tired for a few weeks while the second time knocked her out totally for maybe 2 1/2 weeks and she's still quite weak now 6 weeks later, so the second case has been much worse.

Obviously just anecdotal, but getting it twice does happen and the second time apparently can be worse.
It’s amazing that in US one can’t buy a Kinder Surprise legally due to presence of toy in candy product and on the other hand one can legally sell cannabis look-a-like without any issues.
This may be exactly what I need. I want to point it to a csv file and generate a schema of what type of data is in each column.

I do want some flexibiliy though, for example, if a certain column is filled with 9 digit numbers, starting with 0 then treat it as string.

Will have a look at it, thanks for the link!
Factor analysis is a thing often used in health science and is hardly controversial. Sure, you have to control and be careful with causality - but contribution certainly is possible to establish.
This is not true. You're declaring objective history from what seems to be your personal anecdotes (and you say you're guessing in another comment).

HIBP links to this article which shows the history of the term before any of these games: https://www.inverse.com/gaming/pwned-meaning-definition-orig...
The amount of work and expertise that needs to go into this project is staggering.

It is hard for me to call anyone competent, when they are either this delusional, or purposely setting up this scam.

Edit: taking peoples money through kickstarter like this is the main scammy part here I guess.
And hopefully getting the help they need to be a reasonable member of society after release.
I am curious what library was this and what was it doing.

We used spring expression language for dynamic evaluation of (user-defined) expressions in our code and for most cases we could compile and cache the expressions after first usage and invoking them was really fast and close to pure java expressions.

We also had some JVM-python interop which we eventually got rid of (in favor of kotlin) because we were unable to optimize it after a month of effort and it continued to be the biggest bottleneck in the system.

So I am not entirely convinced that there could be real-world usage scenarios that inherently demands so much runtime dynamism that most benefits of JVM optimizations are nullified.

Of course, I'd love to be enlightened otherwise, but rather happy with JVM as of now.
Cultural Differences in Russian and Western Smiling [pdf]
Obviously look out for targeted phishing from people who know that you have a registration with a particular site. But if you're on HN, that might go without saying.
> that's easy

For a tiny fraction of the population this might be true, for the rest of the population it definitely isn't true. I'm part of that tiny fraction, and pissed away hours trying to find a LineageOS (or similar) build for my current handset. I don't consider the task easy

Even if it were easy, it means giving up access to a huge variety of apps that expect and test for official builds. Anything with DRM for example
> 1. is the length of the period of those people from getting infected to death relatively short?

What about HIV/AIDS? Does it kill anyone?
We use 'food bank' and 'soup kitchen' here in the US like you do.

I've heard the term 'food pantry' only recently (within the past 3-5 years) and it means the same as 'food bank' (as far as I can tell).

As a sibling post mentions "pantry" has always meant "special room in the house where the shelf-stable food is stored" here in the US. Most middle-class houses don't have one, and those that do the "room" is really more of a closet big enough to stand in than a proper room.
Is it really so awful to do "grep -o '\b\w+%'"? It still won't handle extra space padding at the end of the line, but it's still a lot less ugly than assuming the word after the first space is a last name.
> I'm sure that either it or phenomenon like it are the causes of a lot of odd "glitchy" behaviour that people encounter, because systems are run so close to their limits that there are bound to be cases when they surpass the limits.

I don't know about that. Rowhammer really emphasizes the hammer. A normal read pattern will basically never hit the lines in a small area that much, it will hit cache instead.

> Now you've turned specific access patterns into "attack attempts", and by discriminating against them as such, entirely destroyed a fundamental part of general-purpose computing.

Can you show me any code that causes this kind of access pattern that wasn't deliberately designed to implement rowhammer?

> Where manufacturers are trying to sell 2-4x the capacity with 1/4 to 1/16th of the endurance?

We could go the other way too and glue together multiple SLC cells to increase endurance and cost. Are you claiming there is a specific correct amount of endurance? Because "as much as possible" isn't feasible and "as much as SLC used to have" could only be correct from an extreme coincidence or from conflating nostalgia with correctness. Is there a different number you have in mind?

> This problem didn't exist 15 years ago. It only got created because the RAM companies have forsaken correctness, and somehow managed to convince everyone else that it's not their own fault.

Old ram had errors too. RAM companies can and should put in mechanisms to prevent rowhammer, but if I was buying a stick of ram and had a choice between ECC and perfect rowhammer prevention I'd choose ECC.
Fair. I certainly didn't mean that they shouldn't be able to study this. To use an analogy my point is more that it's similar to how early hominids "studied" going to the moon when they didn't even know how to make fire yet. It's an interesting idea to think about but was science fiction then, just like warp drives are today. Science fiction doesn't necessarily mean it's unscientific. But we don't know where to get the energy equivalent of 1/10th of the solar mass and somehow put it in a spaceship. It's absolutely not something we can work on solving even in theory right now.
To discover the essence of the Palm OS design philosophy, ponder the first riddle.

Q: How can a gorilla learn to fly?

Hint: You must understand the essence of the gorilla.
A Hindu pm had the habit of sitting next to developers while they worked, sometimes putting a hand on their knee

Eh... That doesn't sound like just an Indian being Indian.

a Japanese guy came to the hr person complaining the original lady from us had hugged them. Again, it was explained that this is just what Americans do

Nope... We don't hug people who don't want to be hugged. The Japanese guy was right to complain, and the American woman should've been asked to be more careful.

Expecting everyone to just accept anything because "that's what they do where they're from" is setting things up for people to be actually victimized and to feel like your company is fine with it.
Positive tests, hospitalisations and deaths are highly correlated. How could that be if the test are bullshit?
I am not using shared hosting. It was hosted on a Digital Ocean box using the recommended security updates, settings, file permissions etc and with as few plugins as I could get away with. I also had the "pro" version of Wordfence installed with active monitoring. Yet it was hacked.. multiple times.
I've met lots of people I first connected with on Twitter. In the early days "tweetups" were very common.

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/29045/tweetup
> Just found this overview by NIH on why they don't recommend treatment.

What do they recommend? Wait until you're sick enough to go to hospital. This a year in a half into the pandemic, and you don't see the problem?

Compare this to the treatment protocol of the FLCCC

https://covid19criticalcare.com/covid-19-protocols/i-mask-pl...

> Maybe, but they're not censoring anything in my books.

I'd estimate about 90% of social media posts about Ivermectin get censored on social media.

https://www.wsj.com/articles/youtube-cancels-the-u-s-senate-...

https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/feb/16/craig...

They literally have policies saying if you're posting anything about Ivermectin, it's misinformation, and it will get removed. How is that not censorship?

https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/9891785

Just now the Ivermectin Global Summit has been removed from YouTube. A medical conference gets removed and you claim that there's no censorship?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGefHqcnmio

You probably won't believe the censorship until you'll experience it first hand.
Are there accompanying slides or pictures of the blackboard for these lectures?
fun. did you happen to learn those words from some dog-owner, by chance?
It is indeed possible that a total newbie in gamedev can think they can build an MMO on their own, it happens all the time.

But that adult investors fall for this, is beyond belief.
I've been working on a hobby OS for a while now; I don't expect to ever do any major graphics work[1], and I do want to run on ARM eventually, but it's just so much easier to get started on x86. x86 has a lot of baggage, but it also has a rather simple text mode, and easily accessed serial ports which get output easily. And there's a whole bunch of freely available documentation from Intel and the community that helps a ton.

[1] At some point, I probably have to do bitmapped text, but I'm trying to keep my scope narrow, and graphics aren't for me. :)
I don't think you should do that.

HN is willing to go into the database and nuke an account, but the general premise of the site is that it's a durable record. It's understandable that individual accounts might have a change of heart about that, for any number of reasons, and it's good of the HN mods to allow it as an exception.

But regularly emailing them to do that work for you is pretty presumptuous. You should either use the site as intended, or not use it.

I find old HN pages useful or interesting on almost a weekly basis. A big part of that is that there aren't holes punched in the old threads by people who went back and deleted everything.

An alternative which is more in keeping with the spirit is to just make a new account every now and then.
The functionality. I can use it as a flashlight, call, dictate messages, listen to music without phone, control my phone camera, use it for 2FA, map navigation, notifications with images and control smart home stuff. And yes, much of this convenience is due to the walled garden. I never had issues reading the screen, which I did have with my color screen pebble.
What kind of ridiculous government meets this infrequently? How is this considered to be in the interest of the public and democratic?

January to May every other year seems insane.
I didn't know THC infused foods were so easy to make. Sounds like people should just skip the middle man and spray the distillate on candy themselves, and probably(?) save on huge markup.
"But in the majority of life situations, like business or political meetings, there is no humor at all"

That's your problem right there
There's a wget one-liner here to download everything: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27323235
What's weird to me - even though I grew up in BBS-land, ran forums, and met lots of people from online - is the degree to which normie youth culture has now made this the main way of engaging and meeting. If you observe any girl/boy interaction at any random bar now, it seems there's a 90% chance they're just meeting IRL for the first time. It feels like the pandemic has upped this. What I see as the downside is that it's a supermarket - you really don't see a lot of couples who've been together or are together for any length of time going out and enjoying each other's company. That seems to have diminished, along with other social skills that aren't mediated by a platform.
I imagine overwork to be a big contributor to sleepy driving.
I remember being a big lover of red alert 2 when I was 13-15. I generally played on easy mode and never really stretched myself. One day I reached the final mission and really got my ass whooped. Like getting overrun and desperately clicking around while losing everything. That feeling was horrific, terrible - it was the first time I experienced losing so badly and being so overwhelmed. I couldn't play the game for a month after that - I'd just be scared of that mission, of losing control again. Finally after 4-5 weeks I gathered up my courage and sat down to try it again. This time, I played with more focus and attention - I somehow hung on through the endless attacks and surprises. I managed to scrape through and finished the mission. It was an amazing life experience, one that really motivates me to push on when things seem hopeless and desperate. Just give it one more try, even if you'd most likely lose - there's always a chance you can scrape through :)
Only in that it’s very likely it’ll make the company crash and burn. So they’ll probably be very wary of the CEO and maybe the other cofounders too.
OPA Gangnam Style
The most detailed 3D map of the Universe ever made
Can a Q/A model trained on Synthetic Data beat SOTA?
They might negotiate something like 10-15% for just walking away though.
My favorite was the classified Airfields database for the US military. It used to be called AFIS, I think. If there was a commercial or military airport, road, or strip of grass anywhere in the world that had supported or was believed to be able to support landing an aircraft, it was supposed to be in this database. This was on the ancient WWMCCS classified Honeywell mainframe system.

It was … I don’t know how many … lines of COBOL-66, and part of the job we had in late 1989 was to bring it into the modern future of COBOL-77. My TOP SECRET/SCI clearance wasn’t complete yet, so I got tasked with helping to rewrite this CONFIDENTIAL bugger.

Turned out that the only thing classified about it was the code that handled the great circle calculations for determining distance from one airfield to another. I recall that one of the first things we did was to move that one routine to a separate printout, so that would have to stay locked up in the safe unless we were doing something with it, but all the rest of the code was unclassified and could be kept on our desks.

After that, about halfway through the conversion, it dawned on me that the code in this system was split into two parts — one huge monster routine that literally did everything that the code could do, and another copy where you could pick and choose what things you wanted. It occurred to me that we could cut out half of the code of the system by using just one set of routines for both functions, and if someone wanted to run a “kitchen sink” report, then we could just fill in the fields behind the scenes as if they had actually manually selected every option that was possible. No one would ever know the difference, and we wouldn’t have to maintain two copies of every single routine.

That one change cut the code base down by about 40% in size. Thousands and thousands of lines of code, at least.

We did later discover that there had been some minor cosmetic tweaks put into the system, so that if you had the code set up to generate properly formatted output on the READINESS system, when you took that exact same code and ran it on the production NMCC system it would then result in an extra blank page being printed between every page with text on it. But if you set it up to properly format on the production NMCC system, it would be a line short on the READINESS system and output would slowly get out of kilter and wouldn’t match up with the natural page-breaks of the fan-fold paper.

The older version of the code ran perfectly on both sides. There was something buried deep in the old code that we were never able to figure out what was going on so that we could properly replicate it.

So, yeah — I don’t officially admit to having ever programmed in COBOL, but I did. And this is probably one of the best programming achievements I ever had in my life as a person who does not write code.
Extracting Electricity with Exosuit Braking
I suspect its not that the fbi has ntlm/sha1 hashes as their base data set, but that they dont want to give out the actual passwords and settled on these two hashes instead. I think HIBP was already giving out their dataset in this format.

Fwiw, sha1, 256 or even md5 have similar levels of security when it comes to password hashing. The security properties you want for password hashing are very different than normal hashing.
How did you bridge FaceTime and VoIP?
That's not the only possibility. The number could also be predefined to a level making the tests too sensitive (which incidentally is the case in many countries, currently). If you have absolutely no virus particles the test couldn't detect them no matter how many cycles you go through.

Generally in the past, it was accepted practice that doctors do specific tests to get more certainty with diagnosing certain infections in a patient that's showing symptoms matching that disease. You could make a case for mass testing healthy people for all kinds of infectious diseases but for economical reasons I doubt many would support it. If we did that we'd have to somehow account for all the false positives, then.