skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Now we need an analog of Shannon in social sciences to offer a Theory of Meaning.

That's called semiotics and it was first developed in the late 19th century by Ferdinand de Saussure.

> Saussure approaches theory of language from two different perspectives. On the one hand, language is a system of signs. That is, a semiotic system; or a semiological system as he himself calls it. On the other hand, a language is also a social phenomenon: a product of the language community.

> One of Saussure's key contributions to semiotics lies in what he called semiology, the concept of the bilateral (two-sided) sign which consists of 'the signifier' (a linguistic form, e.g. a word) and 'the signified' (the meaning of the form). Saussure supported the argument for the arbitrariness of the sign although he did not deny the fact that some words are onomatopoeic, or claim that picture-like symbols are fully arbitrary. Saussure also did not consider the linguistic sign as random, but as historically cemented.[a] All in all, he did not invent the philosophy of arbitrariness, but made a very influential contribution to it.

> After his death, structural and functional linguists applied Saussure's concept to the analysis of the linguistic form as motivated by meaning. The opposite direction of the linguistic expressions as giving rise to the conceptual system, on the other hand, became the foundation of the post-Second World War structuralists who adopted Saussure's concept of structural linguistics as the model for all human sciences as the study of how language shapes our concepts of the world. Thus, Saussure's model became important not only for linguistics, but for humanities and social sciences as a whole.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Saussure
I do this! Dataclasses and Enums as the foundation of program layout. No inheritance. No getters/setters. No @property. Judicious use of typing and function / class doc comments.
To be fair humans are almost identical to chimpanzees biologically in many ways.
As long as the spike proteins tertiary structure has not changed to much from SARS to COVID, op could be correct. Emphasis on could.
That may be so, although the author's own words doesn't clearly state that ("To clarify what I mean by decentralised: applications whose main purpose is fulfilled as part of a network, where that network is not reliant on any preordained nodes." - nothing about ownership there. Master<->Master db replication meets that definition, but is petty clearly not the type of thing you are referring to. Regardless in context you're probably right abouy which definition the author is using).

Nonetheless, that doesn't make it any less of a problem that the definitions are severely overloaded. The issue is not that the article is unclear in its definitions (even though it is imo), the issue is that its hard to have discussions about the topic and compare to other articles, because people talk past each other. Words having agreed meanings is important so we can connect ideas to a broader context and not just talk about individual articles in isolation.
That requires opening a port if you intend to perform a transfer over the internet :)
My team and I were often the target for insane rewrite requests like this; I know this type of ridiculousness only too well. Sure you can succeed even under the most insane circumstances but that cost is not worth it for the people who are forced to do the impossible; in the end the people who suffered are mostly ignored while the top execs revel in the end result as if it was them personally doing it.

I finally said enough of this madness and retired this year. No matter how many times you manage to pull off miracles the people demanding them don't give a shit about you or your team.
Reminds me of this essay: http://paulgraham.com/newideas.html
Then, instead of quotes, ads!
Use a database pool, although some pool implementations may use mutexes internally.
I'd also suggest using jsfuzz to find sharp corners in your parser. I used it extensively for my recursive-descent BASIC interpreter (along with a test suite) and it found tons of issues.
Road bike handlebars have the same problems due to the brake hoods. That got a little safer when cables started routing under the handlebar tape instead of sticking up and slightly out.

The consequences of entangling might be a little higher on a mountain bike, but that depends on the situation. Mountain bikers aren't being crowded by semi trailers as often as road bikes, but road bikes aren't flying off embankments into trees very often.

I see that there are more than a couple of models of MTB bar-ends that look like brake hoods. That's probably pretty close to the best compromise you can do, without staging a major educational campaign about how human grip strength works (middle, ring and thumb do nearly all of the work)
DeFi Beyond the Hype – Wharton [pdf]
> I do too, but this is the exact problem here. Twitter colored that free speech with what they thought was right.

I think this is where we disagree. Yes, twitter added their own opinion, but as far as I'm concerned why is that worse than anyone adding their own opinion to it? My point is twitter adding their opinion should be as inconsequential as a random person with 6 followers replying to the tweet saying "this is fake news." The only difference is because people give twitter more credibility than a random stranger, which is the fundamental problem of trust in society. No amount of laws can fix this if you truly advocate for free speech. People just need to educate themselves better about what to believe.
To be fair, a machine that spots bad apples is rather useless, as by the time you spot them the whole bunch is already spoiled.
> I took university courses in computer architecture, but I can explain how a modern PowerPC or AMD64 CPU work.

Just to avoid possible confusion, I think you meant "I can't explain", is that right?
> Remember 5 years ago when Telsa fans claimed BEV range and acceleration wasn't possible for legacy automakers?

No, I don't. Its the opposite, most people were saying that legacy makers could do it eventually but they need to make massive investments in EV production, and guess what, they did.

Tesla fan were actually right, it took way longer then people said for real mass market EV to come out.

But of course Tesla got the lead and they are not just outselling everybody else and are still among the leaders in performance and efficiency.

> Ford sell more F series vehicles per year than all tesla models combined - why are you assuming they need to pivot asap to EV only?

They don't but in a few years EV version will outperform the alternative ICE version along pretty much every dimension and there will be huge demand for EV trucks.

The question is if you at that point have the capacity to produce them in accordance with demand.
I think the useful measure is acceleration (or deceleration). A tardigrade (as a human) could withstand deceleration from any speed if done gradually.

> The researchers found that the tardigrades shot from the gun at speeds up to 825 meters per second could be resuscitated after removal from the cylinder. Those experiencing higher-speed impacts were torn apart and did not survive.

What's of interest is the acceleration that can be tolerated m/s^2. Accelerating a cylinder (presumably with a mass much greater than the tardigrades) could be considered to be similar to having the tardigrades accelerated to 825 m/s then having it hit a hard metal surface, if for example the cylinder was made of such a metal and it was decelerated from 825 m/s to zero with the tartigrades then hitting the wall of the cylinder end.

So it comes down to the surfaces around the tartigrade upon impact, it could be much softer than metal, glass, etc.
>>> based on an analysis of all the publicly available data This aim is not as ambitious as it sounds, because there is not a great deal of data publicly available.

Amusing and revealing at the same time. Bet they did not take long to agree on that senrence
This iBook is running OS X 10.4.11 … No, it definitely is not supported and hasn't received updates in years. I wouldn't try to use it as a daily driver for general usage unless I installed a new OS like FreeBSD or OpenBSD on it.
I am very worried that the situation is headed towards China, or much worse.

And the main reason I am worried is that I can see no path towards a peaceful de-escalation. It is a foregone conclusion in the West that "Russia = bad" and any attempt to say anything counter to that narrative gets you labeled a pro-Kremlin troll. Let's see how deep in the grey this comments ends up for example.

Think Germany after WW1. Humiliated, defeated country. The people of such countries tend to follow leaders who promise to make them great again. When they do, they get further mockery and isolation. And I think it's been conclusively proven that this only breeds more radicalism.

But most will read this as "if you are not with us then you are against us" and turn up the intensity.
When choosing between Office 365 and Google Workspace, you may find the familiarity of Office is an expensive choice with all the IT people you need to hire to tame it.
Given the history of efnet, i actually think irc fits really nicely into the author's premise.
You only get one shot at guessing it per transmission attempt.
I agree, were this actually pollution. If a court ordered it, this is immediately and permanently reversible. So there's no permanent harm done.
When I was young my friends and I always befriended some cool older dude(s). Time to flip the script. But definitely don't buy them beer. I think the 90s was the last decade that was semi-acceptable. Kids these days probably aren't even interested. Don't buy them vape either :)
While you probably have a higher level view of what "pushing" is on HN, I'm not seeing this topic being posted and quickly upvoted with minimal interaction on just HN... but I'm also just a normal user of other sites like Reddit too.

Maybe I'm just overreacting to the reposts.
Yes, but only because I got capped out on deductions before I exceeded what the standard deduction would give me. Increased my tax burden about 1.5% overall that year. Not as much the next year because I had much less charitable giving. Sure am glad I'm getting to pay for all of the stuff those rich people aren't anymore thanks to their massive tax break.

Oh, and my taxes are supposed to increase even more once the Trump tax holiday for the middle class expires in 2025. Luckily for corporations it is permanent for them. That tax plan was the most blatant government handout to the 1% and for some reason 40% of Americans think it's the best tax plan ever.
Might want to look into the Deluge. Different brand, I know, but does a lot with a very efficient workflow.
React has a deliberately inconvenient API for injecting unsanitized HTML markup straight into the DOM:

<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: "Some raw HTML" }}></div>

https://reactjs.org/docs/dom-elements.html#dangerouslysetinn...
I'm not aware of any self-hosted apps that perform encryption at rest. Maybe Urbit should be held to a higher standard because it's an "OS" but then again it's not really.
Much of the advancement in the world you see is by people you think have too much money but really now just have funds to pursue new businesses without seeking venture capital, or providing capital to businesses that are looking for it.

"nobody needs" is a protest that doesn't matter to anyone except people interfering in other's personal business.

What nobody needs is a stranger telling them how much money they deserve to have and blaming all the ills of world on their success. Nobody needs that except people looking for power over others who have no personal or business interest in listening to them.
Not really an email issue so sorry if maybe somewhat off topic but on the subject of validation I can't not bring this up - this, remember the guy whose name was Null? https://www.wired.com/2015/11/null/
I use a Telegram (web) chat with myself for sharing files across devices occasionally and it works exceptionally well.
Systemic corticosteroids are not prescribed for patients with mild symptoms at home in America. Basically you get acetaminophen and are asked to quarantine similar to a cold. Budesonide is not recommended in the case either. I am talking about US standards, but I think EU and UK doctors would also agree with me.

Hygiene in hospital is definitely a possibly other issue.

At least by US standards, blood thinners are not a reasonable procedure for mild symptoms either. In general India is being extremely aggress with using prescriptions, at least compared to the west and Eastern Asia. There are many examples where AIMS protocol and Indian standard guidance is contrary to WHO, NHS, and CDC guidance.
Ask HN: How to find your own core values?
Losing fully onboarded people certainly hurts velocity on projects after this one. And being known as a bad place to work is very damaging for recruiting efforts - I’d think a strong majority of devs would agree with either/both of “I’d never work for Uber” or “I’d never work for a Travis Kalanick owned company.” For a B2C tech company, where the product is absolutely crucial to the business’ success, having trouble hiring good people is a major downside.

Personally, about a year ago, a recruiter reached out to me about an interesting sounding role at “CloudKitchens”, that I was legitimately considering, but once I learned it was a Kalanick startup, I turned it down. The product/idea sounded interesting, but I’ve heard too many horror stories to work for the guy. I’m sure I’m far, FAR from the only one.
> presumably for a long time

Indeed: http://web.archive.org/web/20040810100957/http://www.physics...
This should be relatively easy to verify, we have millions of people who have been infected early last year so we can see how many of them got reinfected recently with one of the more recent strains.

If the immune response of the virus is close enough to what a vaccine gives and the mutation rate remains relatively constant, the number of reinfections would probably be a good indication of how much would we need subsequent shots, at least for a yearly renewal cycle.

I wonder, are there any such studies?
No idea. I've seen it behave this way for at least the past year. I just tried it on a different Mac and it behaves similarly, except this other Mac causes QT to open up the File Open dialog immediately on launch. (Version 10.5 of QuickTime player for me too. macOS 10.15.7 though.)
I don't really want family members using my gmail account or my bank account access. Do people just not check email on their iPads?
Another thing, when I started I used bitcoin, but lately fees are pretty steep so I switched to litecoin which has way lower fees.
Urbit is a prank that has somehow lasted for a long time. If you look at their version of machine code, Hoon or whatever its called, it's purposefully obfuscated so that, just to add two numbers together requires I think 4 different instructions. I did my OS class final project on it 6 years ago...
Clone is "okish", but I don't remember a case where I had to use Rc or Arc (sure, there are use cases for that, but not for basic stuff)

Some people just try to force their way into a new language and don't realize that if you keep doing something that looks stupid or weird it probably is (and no, yours is not a special case)
I like this quote: “A bunch of folks burned out along the way. A ton of money was spent, hard lessons were learned, but still to this day most people insist the rewrite was all worth it. New engineers who joined up loved the architectural consistency and never knew the pain it took to get there.”
That's a lot of words to say competition. Competition is good.
I think that quote actually emphasises that Apple describes iPads as not really computers... it only works as an ad line if it’s counter intuitive
I'm a huge fan of croc[0]. Very similar to Magic Wormhole, but a bit more flexible and written in go.

Straight from the README:

> croc is a tool that allows any two computers to simply and securely transfer files and folders. AFAIK, croc is the only CLI file-transfer tool that does all of the following:

- allows any two computers to transfer data (using a relay)

- provides end-to-end encryption (using PAKE)

- enables easy cross-platform transfers (Windows, Linux, Mac)

- allows multiple file transfers

- allows resuming transfers that are interrupted

- local server or port-forwarding not needed

- ipv6-first with ipv4 fallback

- can use proxy, like tor

refs:

[0]https://github.com/schollz/croc
Afaik, no OSs would delete the file once it's marked as cut. But there is a chance you accidentally move a file, which is worse than accidentally copying/duplicating one. In the latter case you just delete it but for moving you now need to figure out the original location.
Now extend your argument to a large equipment that travels at lethal speeds on 4 wheels. It's gotten so bad that I am surprised they've have kept the steering wheel intact and still analog.
It's just a sensational topic - maybe the most sensational MOT (major ongoing topic) of the moment, no? The same psychology must apply to that everywhere.

This story has other advantages (from the point of view of the story). It is intriguing in a way that's perfect for internet detectives, sort of like a board game with a low barrier to entry: you can get up and running with a few links in a few minutes, jump in and play. It's personally relevant to everyone who was affected by the pandemic, i.e. literally everyone. And the stakes are high geopolitically, so it's got all the energy of that drama as well (not great for discussion quality, but fabulous if you're the story and want to spread).

I'm just describing the psychology of a story like this. I'm not putting down anyone who's interested in it or who's not interested in it, and I'm certainly not commenting on the story itself—only why it's easy to understand why people would be posting it, upvoting it, and flagging it. Different people, of course.

You're not the only person who is reacting to the reposts. Based on past experience, we should all brace ourselves for throngs more of them. Maybe this would be a good place to repeat the principles of MOTs and SNI:

https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...

https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&sor...

I didn't really think that the current story was SNI, given that we've had several other major threads recently, but it's a borderline case and the community seems to have voted otherwise.
Tenth of thousands of people die from flu in the US every year: https://tinyurl.com/tc3c2mz2 . The fact that you have not worked with any of the victims means zilch.
There are 2 obvious problems with this approach that Magic Wormhole fixes:

1. you can't start downloading on the other side until the upload is complete - for large transfers this is a significant delay

2. the Telegram operators can read your files
Python developers try to write idiomatic Python in whichever language they use.

Learning the idioms and conforming to a new language are hard, especially at the beginning, and people are lazy.
If you are on desktop, when clicking the "I am human" checkbox, hold your mouse down for a few seconds, and move it around just a touch for good measure, before letting go. This is usually enough to convince the system you are human and it skips the image hunt.
> Folks really ought to read the C/C++ literature to understand why Rust evolved in a unique direction. That gives better compare/contrast.

Unfortunately the C/C++ literature is dense and not at all approachable. The Rust literature is much, much better for newcomers to systems programming (partly because it doesn't have to cover a load of weird failure cases that simply don't exist in Rust).

> one _cannot_ just arbitrarily “go” from a higher level language to a systems language.

I mean, it's like learning anything new. You have to do a bit of unlearning, and grasp the core concepts. I don't think there is anything especially difficult about systems languages. I had a background of JavaScript and PHP, and I was able to pick up Rust well enough to use it in my day job in a couple of weeks.
I think the problem is that describing it as "would have deleted 1378 servers", and then going off and deleting those 1378 servers, doesn't solve the race condition problem that leaves you with some servers left undeleted because they popped into existence after the check.

With server deletion, of course, the problem is less visible because it's naturally idempotent (unless you're referring to servers by some non-unique key). In that case, you can safely just pretend the leftover servers came into existence after the entire tool came into being.

Of course, if you're referring to servers by name or IP or something, then you hit exactly the problem. Concretely: I run a command that deletes all servers older than one day. The 'dry-run' section determines what servers need to be deleted and it turns out that server "foo" needs to be deleted. Elsewhere, someone spots that "foo" exists, deletes it, and creates a new server with the name "foo". Then the 'execute' flow deletes the new "foo", which is entirely not the server we wanted to delete.
Telegram is end to end encrypted
I’ve got amazon@domain.com email for my domain and I’ve never created such an account, much less given it out. Without some uniqueness in the username, I’m not sure you can tell a company sold or lost your data.
Without ad-blocker there is an amazon ad-widget for selling physics-related books.
They also run Fi, which is definitely a sort of ISP
how do you get hurt while wakeboarding? I've tried it once or twice and besides drowning it seemed pretty safe . I'm really curious cause I want to get into it
I've yet to see any radio astronomy or infrared astronomy images of Starlink satellites (that are not also from solar reflections). If you have sources, feel free to post them.
You have free lunch, catering onsite chef or order from practically any takeaway. Right: just don't think you're getting a lunch for anything other than eating
There are certainly issues with finder, but your complaints really just highlight that you are more experienced with the windows and not accustomed to Mac.

One of the problems addressing some of the issues you raised Is that you are not really explaining what you want to do. All you do is complain why Mac doesn’t work exactly like windows. Instead you should figure out what you want to do and explore and learn how that is accomplished on a Mac.
Tips for Reducing External Attack Surface Risks
Parent folder: command-click on the title bar of the window, get a menu of the entire hierarchy above the current folder.

(or as others have already said, Command-UpArrow to open the parent folder)
I mean, the issue is that their own previous attempt, Windows Mobile, was a high quality, competent OS platform. And it's largest issue was that you couldn't get Google apps on it because Google's a monopolist. Pushing a different OS that doesn't have Google app support doesn't really move the needle.
But that's quite literally not what's happening. The problem is companies that do a significant portion of their business in one country using legal loopholes to claim that those operations actually occurred in other jurisdictions where they would have virtually zero tax liability.
Interesting. I thought that I was tearing down the fact they took the brilliant new idea, and bastardized it beyond recognition, and in multiple ways.

I loved the promise of Urbit, and was disappointed by the execution.
I think it’s because bikes have got so much better that downhills are now fun, rather than just sketchy and dangerous. For me it’s just evened things out so I now love doing both.
my first reaction was "is this language descended from brainfuck??"