skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I addressed this in another comment. Skipping over a known definition is something our eyes and brains do very quickly and easily. It's not going to slow down a reader who already knows.

As far as turning off some readers, on the one hand, that's natural and unavoidable, if the reader detects the article isn't of interest. There's no obligation that all articles should be interesting to all readers. But defining the basic topic is table stakes.

And on the other hand, the case here is slightly different from what you describe, as well. It's an article about why something went away. So even if it started with saying what that thing is, the main content might still be interesting to someone who already knew what that thing was.
You probably don’t want to do that.
I think it's important to point out here that

> they couldn't relate to it

and

> they felt that the message was explicitly excluding them

are not the same as

> making sure the content doesn't offend people

Transforming the formers into the latter is belittling. I'm glad I don't live in a world where nothing ever represents me.
Ask HN: What are your favorite techniques for overcoming the “pain” of learning?
I've accomplished many things throughout my career, and yet I still find it very painful and overwhelming at times to learn new subjects. When I'm reading a book on a difficult subject, I have a nagging little voice which seems to say "you'll never retain this" or "is this finally the subject that's just too much for you?" and other little seeds of doubt.

This is just noise, and I've proven that to myself over the years, but it still affects me every...single...time.

Two questions for HN:

1. What are your favorite methods of overcoming this doubt?
2. What books (or other resources) would you consider helpful in this regard?

Thanks very much in advance.
Feeling blue: drug dealer’s ‘love of stilton’ leads to his arrest
In fact they will use media, culture, religion and politics to get sufficient numbers of the service class, as you call it, to do that for them.
I just think the distribution of wealth that we are shown, “only .x% of the country have 50 million” is way off from reality.
Economics, not freedom, is at odds with simplicity. Nothing is actually free, so you have to have a paywall somewhere. For for-profit open source the paywall is usually at the UI/UX layer where that's typically SaaS-based or for enterprise software available in the form of consultants to hold your hand and train your team.

Make a free, open, easy to use app and you'll go bankrupt.
Apple Releases iOS and iPadOS 14.6 with Apple Card Family, Podcast Subscriptions
I don't think that's why it doesn't exist, it's more that copy/cut/paste makes sense for most things, and the cut part is bad for files, so 'grab' wouldn't be very reusable elsewhere in the OS. Or if we're being real, they just don't have it because changing Finder is a very low priority for the company.

But I agree with you that it would be a good feature for Finder! Finder is missing a lot of useful stuff, it basically hasn't changed, and when it has it isn't for the better.

While we're dreaming, a great implementation of "grab" would be to have a differently-shaped window with just a doc handle and a close button on it, and the grabbed documents jump from the Finder window to the grab window. Then you can drag and drop the doc handle, or hit the "move grabbed items" hotkey, and the grabbed files/folders would jump into the new location. Or if you close the grab window they all jump back to where they were.

Grab window floats on top of everything else in Finder, so you can't lose track of it, and if you close it the files always go home, and you can only have one at a time.
> because constant-time exponentiation is theoretically 2x slower

For uniform inputs at least they should be quite close to the same speed, in theory, for sufficiently advanced implementations.

An intuition that helps see why this is so is that all but a vanishingly small fraction of uniform inputs have a size close to the maximum size. E.g. 1/2 are 1 bit smaller, 1/4 are 2 bit smaller... So inputs small enough to even cut off a single word will be rare enough that your benchmark will never even see them.
Been using this for a long time and it’s great.
This isn't gatekeeping; it's simply acknowledging that an article written for a certain audience may assume a certain level of background knowledge. People who are interested and want to learn more are free to look up any words and concepts they don't know. Nobody's going to shame them for doing that.

It's simply not realistic to expect every author to anticipate and try to fill every possible reader's intellectual lacunae.
I mean, imagine if that other article on the front page today, "Writing Pythonic Rust," had to explain what Pythonic means, and what Rust is, what an API and a wrapper is, what type foundries and font proofs are, and oh my goodness that's just the technical jargon I wouldn't expect a general audience to understand from the first 4 sentences.
1. What you want doesn't really matter, since you and I don't get to vote on company directorships.

2. You would want God on your side[1], if you're going to operate a controversial[2] business in his country.

[1] Or at least claim loudly and frequently that he's on your side.

[2] Resource extraction, even in resource-economy regions is always controversial, because of its impact on neighbouring properties. And when your business is controversial, having the clergy on your side can't hurt.
How do you reconcile your concern for the cost of sending emails with your unwillingness to do super basic validation like checking an MX record?
Because the Federal government doesn't have a sales tax?

This system is easier than getting all 3 branches of the government to impose a VAT.

And also, that doesn't solve the problem.

If you're Apple - you have only pay taxes on your sales in the US.

If you're a smaller company, you pay taxes on all your profits, plus a VAT on your sales in the US.
Going to give this a try for a bit and see how I like it.

I currently use Dyanlist to manage my "kanban" board with different top level outline groups.

One thing I immediately noticed in the Windows exe is that it wouldn't let me actually confirm any settings changes ("OK" is greyed out, only Cancel is available).
Unless I’m misunderstanding, 1, 2 and 3 all work the same way on Linux, at least in GTK and I think Qt too
As for customizing, I use macvim quite a lot, and it's easy to add things to the colorbar, e.g. with

" Touchbar
amenu TouchBar.make :!make<CR>
amenu TouchBar.@q @q

in your ~/.vimrc file.
R > Matlab. But both suck as programming languages.

But that's because neither R nor Matlab are primarily programming languages. They're primarily mathematical exploration tools.
From the article:

> A drug dealer’s “love of stilton” has been credited for his downfall after police were able to identify him from a photo of his hands holding a block of cheese.

> Carl Stewart, 39, was identified after he shared the photo on the encrypted messaging service EncroChat, from which police were able to analyse his fingerprints.
I think as a rule, we should use epistemic humility and look to past instances of intervention unless we have really strong reasons to believe that this would be a uniquely successful intervention.
This seems to call for a different version of “responsible disclosure”. Perhaps CISA could set up a clearing house
for vetted ransomware targets to connect with white hats
who have solutions. Tricky, especially for publicly traded
companies, but could be doable.
Deprecate? Depreciate? Let’s call the whole thing off
Are you confusing Facebook, Google and Twitter for the government? Otherwise I can’t understand how you conclude that free speech rights are being violated.
I accumulated 5 years of photos and videos, how to organize?
I accumulated 5 years of photos and videos, how to organize?
Previous discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27262788
Thanks for those pointers!

I commented on the blog post, and someone from Raspberry Pi actually reached out to me, so I might be able to buy directly from the foundation. But it's good to know about these alternative retailers in case I'm not able to buy direct.
Wasn't that one of the largest complaints about bitcoin; that it was largely Chinese miner controlled?
Apple: Security content of macOS Big Sur 11.4
You mean desktop software? What proportion of software use is that? Absolutely tiny, I'd imagine.
Because the SGI cases or SUN pizza boxes are unforgettable. Now computer cases are just disgusting.
Would be cool to move realworld assets into virtual worlds, and vice versa.
I find it amusing that Samsung couldn't even bring themselves to commit to the lazy alternative to providing OS updates for a reasonable amount of time. Simply unlocking the bootloader and letting the community maintain your product after the paltry 18 month support window seems like the absolute bare minimum.

I'm sure Apple made this same calculation, and still decided that directly supporting devices for 5+ years was worth the investment. It might lead to users upgrading less frequently, but it builds brand loyalty. A user that doesn't feel screwed over is more likely to be a repeat customer.
Google News Showcase is now available on desktop web after launching on mobile
It's better than nothing, and yeah, probably better than the competition as well.

But then there are core features like "a file icon on a document window can be dragged exactly like a file icon in the finder" that you can use macOS for years and never find. That's before they started hiding the file icons in Big Sur!

macOS is packed with little things like that.
Some do, some don't, sure. Google STT for example supports class tokens natively. There are also services like uniMRCP that allow for certain SRGS grammar features to be used with Google STT, but they are limited in what constructs they support. I've worked pretty extensively with a platform called Verbio, and they fully support the SRGS grammar specification. I work in conversational AI, and when I do implementations, I have to evaluate the complexity of the use case and whether or not a full grammar will be needed and choose a STT provider based on that.
Not showing the shortcut key for rename is definitely dumb. And I wouldn't be surprised if it was because of some silly reason like a high level designer at Apple thought it wouldn't match the cmd paradigm, and so would rather not show it (even though there are plenty of existing exceptions elsewhere).

But I would argue F2 is less obvious. It's only obvious if you learned it at some point or if you were there when F2 was chosen. Enter is at least a normal text editing key for day to day typing, and it's already the bookend key to finish typing a new name.
Perhaps I was too dismissive initially. I can see the benefit of having controls already there without having to take up screen real estate, so it does make sense, especially for games that don't require precise timing and movement, and there are plenty of those.

Having access to those games easily and without needing a separate controller or using controls on the same screen you view the game with is beneficial, and doesn't preclude adding a separate physical controller for games that would benefit from one, so this seems like a net win.
I like and use the Upduino 3.0
> somehow it managed to become the official language of statistics research

There's zero mystery to this. The intended audience is people that want to get stuff done. Professional software developers commenting on R are like this: "He's such a good salesman. He does everything the right way. He dresses right. He talks right. He has the best smile of any salesman I've ever seen. He fills out his reports on time. Granted, he doesn't make many sales, but why would you hire one of those other guys over someone that's perfect?"
This is coming from my own experience trying to teach theoretical concepts via notation to very smart engineers. I won't argue vocabulary, but I stand by what I say: it's an insurmountable barrier for many people.

Teaching calculus to children is a good example of why. They have a teacher to hold their hands and answer questions 40 minutes a day with mandatory homework assignments.

If you study concepts on your own, you do not have this luxury. Its very difficult to internalize notation when you do not use it every day. The problem is not the notation itself, but the fact that no notation can be categorically searched and referenced. It cannot be typed or entered into google easily. It is rarely consistent between authors, which is free of problems if you are already fluent in the notation.

Sometimes you can get away with "what does upside down A mean" but consider something like `\forall n \in \mathbb{N}`. Imagine if you simply had `unsigned int` (I don't want to debate the exact implication of unsigned int versus the naturals, but it should serve a point).

When I have tried to explain relatively simple notational structures to working engineers, the universal feedback is along the lines of "I wish there was a good reference for notation because I can't understand this or keep up with it."

Pseudo code, or something akin to it, may be more ambiguous but is much easier to grok and document.

As an aside: something that constantly irks me is the celebration of terseness and convenience. This plagues many texts and robs novices and experts alike from understanding. Notation that is terse to the point of resembling arcane incantations is a problem, and it bothers me that academic publications in the applied sciences don't recognize it as one.
When I click the Finder icon in my dock, or open it with Alfred, I get a new Finder window. Doesn't appear to be a configurable setting. Not sure what's wrong with your setup.
That's trivially disprovable by a few seconds' acquaintance with the search box at the bottom of every page.

Please don't break the site guidelines by going on about downvotes, insinuating brigading when you have zero evidence, or posting nationalistic or ideological flamewar comments to HN. We ban accounts that do these things.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html

If, after reading this, you worry that I may secretly be a communist agent, please see this recent mini-FAQ:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26652363

and the associated "algorithm":

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26637365

Edit: we actually banned you for nationalistic flamewar a few months ago: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25985852. I'm not sure why we unbanned you after that, but it looks like it was by mistake. I won't punish you for our mistake by banning you again without a warning, but I do have to tell you: please stop posting unsubstantive and/or flamewar comments to HN, or we will ban you again. Those things are not what this site is for. That goes double for ideological battle comments and triple for nationalistic battle comments.
At least two of the articles specifically mention increasing non-income taxes to tax wealth specifically. It seems likely the third one does too, since it's specifically about inherited wealth, but I didn't see a specific reference either way at a glance.
Cash and other transactions without established reporting requirements is why. They only know what gets reported to them as a pre-requisite of being an employer or hiring entity in the United States. The burden is actually on the taxpayer to accurately report the entire detail of their taxable footprint as defined in the tax code, as the IRS would otherwise require a perfect surveillance infrastructure, wherein every movement of money is traceable to assure your tax liability is accurately assessed.

The real question, in my mind, is that, knowing John Q. Taxpayer is burdened with understanding the tax code in it's entirety (in the spherical cow, in a vacuum sense), why in heaven's name are things written in such a manner whereby doing everything by the book is so hard?

From my experience, most people get the income part, those who have good portfolios get capital gains, but most people don't even know where to start looking if they aren't guided to it by an adversarial audit, which are guaranteed to be counterproductive in fostering the any degree of goodwill between taxpayer and tax service. Obviously, an accountant is capable of learning the corpus of material to be able to work with it, but given both the licensure requirement, and the fact most accounting questions I've heard resulted in a lot of open to interpretation answers, I'm not at all confident saying it is reasonable to expect the taxpayer to accurately report things, and furthermore, to expect some group of experts to handle it for everyone else, we've not done a good job at treating tax expertise as a public good in the accessibility department.

In short, at it's core an information propagation problem, suffering from perverse incentives present in private enterprise guarding and perpetuating information asymmetry to create opportunities for profit extraction at the expense of public process being rendered largely ineffectual.
Does anyone recall/knows/can find an article (blog post) written by USA based investigative journalist that previously looked/reported on various problems/viruses/deaseases accidentally released by CDC and such?

I can't find the article/post now ... I recall it was written just as initial international investigation happened and released statement that "It's highly unlikely Covid-19 originated from Wuhan research center".

Guy mentioned things like lab technician carrying box with vials (with faded labels made using type writer) from one building to another and some of vials breaking (luckily not the one containing smallpox).

And there was also something about specific room/lab (I think in CDC) in new/rebuilt building where door didn't quite have a good seal - being fixed by duct tape.

And we'll the gist of it is - there's a long history even within USA/CDC to downplay/hide such accidents.
CNN or the NYT are also reporting differing arguments/facts and correct themself if they made a mistake. Havent seen that happening on OANN or NewsMax without a court order.
> Having grown up in the early 2000s and seen some offensively transparent excuses to start military invasions, surely this is a far more justifiable reason for conflict

If you were around during that time, you should know that for most people, the justifications being bandied around were much less "offensively transparent" at the time. Just look at public opinion, headlines, etc. - opposition to intervention was a massive minority opinion. Most people believed about the WMDs, etc.

Now, opinion has shifted quite substantially - so why is it surprising that people are skeptical of intervention?

Personally, as a citizen of the US, I would fight tooth & nail against any deployment of troops over this. In no way am I confident fewer people would die or be harmed with intervention.
There is a third category of people who are resource rich. People who owe oil wells, mines, some farms, etc.

Because of consolidation and the unique governance structure of the US, these folks are enormously powerful today.
> python expects you to share references to things. When you create a binding to a point in a contour, that binding refers to the same data as the original point, and modifying the binding modifies the collection.

Honestly, as someone who has written way more Python than Rust, this seems like bad API design regardless of language. This screams "it's impossible to take a font, make two separate modifications to it, and then work with those separate modifications at the same time", because deepcopying objects is usually very difficult.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_o_O7v1ews
Mickey@mouse.com is a perfectly valid address but it isn’t my address. If that matters for your application you need to spend the capital to send an email. No way around it.
the value of gold has gone up 30x (in USD) since the 70s.

There must be some old noble families with vaults of gold that are "off the books".
All Is Orwell
Basically this. I spent some time in the Bahamas with connected people. Really opened my mind up to a hidden world that’s actually quite big.
I was a mathematics major in college, and didn't have much training in programming when I graduated. R was the first language I learned when I started my career as an actuary, and it was a breeze. Things “just work”. Want to add 2 vectors of different dimensions together? R knows what you’re getting at, and makes it work. Comparatively, learning Python was harder.

Now that I’m used to both languages, I find it funny how much R is hated by “true” programmers.
I see, thanks. But there is a link between graphics and hash functions, e.g. (First sentence of abstract of linked paper[1])

> In many graphics applications, a deterministic random hash provides the best source of random numbers.

So, why do people need cheap random numbers in graphics? Is that to create some sort of fuzz/texture/visual effect? Or is it to implement stochastic animations? (I know nothing about graphics)

[1] http://jcgt.org/published/0009/03/02/
Can the 7-10 rule of thumb for radiation be understood theoretically?
I'm curious about what roles you're currently hiring for. After reading your other thoughtful comments on HN, I'm even more curious to virtually meet you. :-) If you care, feel free to reach out to me at aleksandr <dot> blekh <at> Gmail.
Dry run is OK, but if we want to look at it closer, it occurs in tools with mixed query + command responsibilities.

For example

rm PATTERN

Is really a shortcut for something like (pseudo code):

find -name PATTERN | rm

If things were always factored for command/query seggregation you'd not need dry-run, you'd simply just run the query.
Also around that era a usb drive of comparable size was available and pretty much worked with all computers for similar price points.
Russia actually only allows one airline per country to overfly, generally[1]. So if Aer Lingus already has the concession, Ryanair can't even pay. Also, doesn't really solve this because Russia wouldn't have an issue doing exactly this either.

1: https://simpleflying.com/overflight-fees/
Agreed. I am sorry that you are getting downvoted.
You also need to have an opposition figure who you can tell is likely to succeed with your assistance ahead of time, and who can make credible promises to pay you back (ie. with contracts for the rebuilding, contracts on oil extraction, etc.)

It's very clear how this played out in Libya, for instance, if you read the leaked Hillary Clinton emails. [0]

[0]: https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12900
It's worth alerting the user that they likely made a mistake. However, I think they should be allowed to continue with a dotless address.
I think you are both right:
I think the act of stealing is the act of taking something (an idea, an object) without permission from someone else. It doesn't matter how much this "something" costs to make in time, money or effort. In that sense, taking designs without permission and creating electronic parts is theft. However, having said this, I don't believe theft is necessarily a bad thing. I think it's a good thing (to a certain point) that the government steals your money (takes it without permission) as taxation. I also believe that where there is a limited supply - either by design or the nature of the thing - the owner of this supply should be coerced into doing what is not only good for themselves but also for the whole of society. I might be voicing an unpopular opinion here, but in my eyes you don't have the right as a home owner to leave your house empty when there is a shortage of housing. Squatting should be legal in such circumstances. This forces homeowners to keep rent affordable.
I also believe that apple keeps these parts off the market to make more profits in a way that is not beneficial for the environment and society as a whole. This makes it a moral imperative to steal these parts and make them available for the general public.