skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's a complex answer, but I'll see what I can do to simplify it.

First, humans associate louder sound levels with higher quality, up to a point. Frequencies which can't be heard at lower levels become audible at higher levels.

Second, human ears adapt to a reasonably large range of sounds.

Third, sound levels decay with distance, which is why in ear phones use tiny amounts of power (a few milliwatts) and speaker systems for arena concerts can use megawatts. They also decay unevenly by frequency.

A classical Western concert with a full orchestra, unamplified, often has peak levels around 90 dB in the first few rows of seating. An amplified rock concert is trying to provide body-stirring levels of sound for people a hundred meters or more away from the stage.

That's the technical why. The personal why? Loud music literally moves you. It's not something I want every day, but it's fun on occasion.
It's too late to (re)define GIF.

Actually software which edits animated GIFs doesn't have to crash per se, it's all about how smartly it's implemented, and because GIF editing isn't exactly a sprawling industry, most apps tend to be, well, not that smart, and so edge cases can get them.
All the cars I've looked at this year that have CarPlay / Android auto only available on the mid/upper trim levels, on the lower trim levels, the entertainment system also contained the climate controls and couldn't be removed.
powerpc/IBM is still a big player in the server/HP computing market. They do many cool things with their architectures since cost is less of a factor(dynamic smp, switcheable endieness, OMI) but they suck to build code for from an out-of-box experience standpoint.
Why is there always this pushback against "popsci explanations" in these threads? Do people not realize every brain is unique and people have different learning styles? A few hours of 3blue1brown videos gave me a useful intuition about FT, FFT, quaternions, and other mathematical things that years of courses with equations and homework failed to do.

I'm talking real, useful intuition that improved my work in signals processing, using wavelets, filters, convolutions etc.

And yes I can visualize 3.5D pretty easily in my head: a 3D volume with layers and colors that overlap. Though usually it's easier to picture two 2D frames side-by-side.

I don't fault people when they grok words/equations but visual diagrams do nothing for them (blueprints/CAD are an enigma to my partner). Don't fault people for needing visualization to grok equations.
I agree, 15k BTU is not 80k, but with a little patience on preheating (I don't have waiting customers) I still enjoy working in the wok I own. Also, it is not a restaurant sized wok, but for flash frying chopped food, or getting a nice quick sear, it works great.
> I think that cross-linguistically, these might be a bit extreme?

You’re very probably right, though such ‘extreme’ examples are at least more representative of world languages than English is. Possibly more representative is something like, say, Jarawara:

ee to-ka-haba ee-ke ahi, fare owa teme-ne ite jaa, Boniwa; Boniwa teme-ne ite jaa, ee to-wa-ke-bana-ka

But that doesn’t emphasise my point nearly as well.

> Also, the languages are head-marking … which is just one of multiple possible ways if encoding grammatical relations.

Sure, but dependent-marking languages generally aren’t nearly as agglutinative as head-marking one, which again doesn’t illustrate my point too well.

> I guess that many English speakers don't realize how much of an oddball English is as a language (even within European languages, which by themselves have a number of fairly oddball features).

I personally like the list of Standard Average European features at https://risteq.net/languages/. And then English is highly isolating on top of that, which in and of itself is fairly uncommon (at least outside SE Asia and W Africa). Personally, I suspect that IE is no weirder than any other language families (TNG and Sino–Tibetan are at least as weird); people just tend to think of it as ‘average’ when it really isn’t.

> (I wish there was a "follow" feature here on HN, I really like reading your comments.)

Why, thank you! Honestly, I joined HN mostly to talk about programming, but there seem to have been lots of linguistics articles lately, so that’s what I’ve ended up talking about a lot. (There’s a fair bit of XKCD 386 about it, really.) But I post more regularly on linguistics here: https://www.verduria.org/

(And IIRC I believe the lack of notifications is intentional, though I don’t know the details.)
> Emacs/Spacemacs is many order of magnitude slower

Look into emacsclient.
It makes about as much sense as calling humans "lactating fish"
We're getting open source RISC-V wich seems more promising long term than ARM.
This doesn't work as written. For example, if you make 5 deposits of 1 ETH from an account that action is public. If you then make 5 withdrawals of 1 ETH into another account that is also public. Without a lot of extra work in between 2) and 3) it's trivial to see that an amount goes into the pot and then that amount comes out of the pot and link them. Even if the direct link between them is encrypted.

Besides, anonymity doesn't mean laundering. Laundering is about creating a seemingly legit source of bad money. If an exchange follows the source of the funds and sees tornado.cash, they're going to know something is up, even if they can't see the inputs.
Those are all relatively inert parts, and scrap steel and aluminium is relatively easily extracted.

I didn't set out to argue that ICE vehicles are much better (although, honestly, I think it might be a defensible position), but the waste products from an end-of-life EV are significantly more damaging than those from an ICE.
There are other areas that are illegal but don't appear to be going away, like drugs and prostitution. Wouldn't criminalizing crypto just move the entire thing under ground? This would perhaps limit its "market cap", but also removes the ability to regulate and tax it.

> Of course crypto is here to say. That's like saying math is here to say.

I think banning cryptocurrencies as an activity isn't like math, unless you meant "doing math" as in solving an equation. I.e if by some higher power you could find cryptocurrency operations then these would seize to exist (and be "not here to stay"), while the knowledge of math won't.
My sympathy is with the employers. Colorado did this to itself with such an anticompetitive law. Beyond this effect, it also encourages sending the work offshore altogether.
It is a shortcut for the imagination. (For people less trained, for example) From there it may be easier / quicker to understand how all this works. From an educational point of view it may therefore be useful.
This has also been my experience. I have found that I don't mind writing Javascript, but my lack of strong CSS knowledge prevents me from building more front-end stuff.
I'm not saying new "freenode" will be successful, just clarifying why I think that they won't have too much trouble setting up a new volunteer staff.
Wow do they. This is both very fascinating and a case for software preservationists. This is practically abandonware by now, is it not?
Why no interest in data science?

How important are side projects for getting entry level jobs?
I think it's legal to discriminate based on geographic location.
Reminds me of the outrage™ when US newspapers blocked connections from Europe over the GDPR.

Regulations have consequences. Not all those consequences are the consequences you want. Sometimes exiting a small market looks like a better option than compliance.

Sometimes HN downvotes posts for challenging a political crusade by pointing out what it did to those who promoted it. ;)
This is part of a broader phenomena I see: people have less and less trust in any authority, with increasingly good reasons.

High social trust is the bedrock of a functional, egalitarian society, and I can't tell if it is being thrown away out of simple short-sighted greediness and self interest, or if the idea is to eliminate functional, egalitarian societies.
Don't all companies have to share it for H1B listings anyway, as federal law, which legally are supposed to be commensurate with non-H1Bs (not that they necessarily are in practice)?

https://h1bdata.info/
The work to open and close the door can be reduced to an arbitrarily small level, so that doesn't resolve the paradox.

The solution is that the demon has to collect and then destroy the information relating to its decision whether to open or close the door. It is the cost of destroying this information that balances out the entropy decrease in the system.
I bought a macbook air in ~2012 and it was unusably slow after a year. bought a thinkpad to put linux on after that that I'm still using today (although admittedly it's a bit of a wreck now - still, it lasted for 8 years)
Is being a Coloradoan a protected class?
I think most web users wished web devs understood CSS better (even if they don't know what it is.) I'd be willing to bet half the stuff things like React are used to do could be accomplished much better with a small amount of CSS and probably no javascript at all.
Show HN: The 1 Million Mission
Are we at the point where we’ll need something like Cloudflare fronting our automobiles to prevent someone from DDoS our cars while driving.
>It's a pattern found in many other posts too: "unfortunately" this concept is expressed in math form, let's try to solve this problem.

Some things are less intuitive because of the dense equations. You'd have to be slightly insane to say that "x^2 = y^2 + z^2" is a more intuitive way to explain what a circle is than a picture of a circle.

> Fortunately, the meaning is engraved in dense equations

"I am very intelligent"
Syntax can certainly be more or less suitable to a particular problem or even to humans in general, but (dis)allowing identifier shadowing is part of the semantics of the language (i.e. what the syntax means). One could say: "there should be syntactic cues if we are to allow variable shadowing". That would be a well-defined criticism of syntactic issues. BTW, most modern languages do allow identifier shadowing. The particularity of Rust and the object of your criticism is allowing it in the same scope as the definition.

But again, the only way you'll be able to apprehend array language notation is by writing enough of it to become somewhat fluent. It doesn't mean you have to like it, but remember it was the object of a Turing award and that's usually a good indicator of something relevant.
We each have a choice about whether to try solving these problems or whether to assume the status quo cannot be improved.
for typescript it would be nice to hover any word and see it's type. is that a planned feature?

I noticed that you can only see the type of a type
Geographic location is not a protected class.
I know lots of people with EVs, and never heard of a problem related to the EV drivetrain. It does happen, but most problems by far seem to be related to things other than the drivetrain.

I've had a problem with 12V lead acid battery going dead too soon due to the ECU causing vampire drain, replaced on warranty though. Not related to EV drivetrain of course.

For the particular EV I have, I've heard of problems with the gearbox, due to the parking break being implemented in the gearbox. That's a design left over from ICE version of the car, most (all?) new EV models don't have that.

All indications I've seen so far is that EVs drivetrains are more reliable. And we have 10 year old EVs on the road now. Cars are getting more complex in general, so there may be lots of other things that can break. But it's the same with ICE cars, you just get all the extra parts needed for an ICE engine in addition. If I look up most commonly replaced car parts, around half are ICE-only. And break pads needs more frequent replacement on ICE cars.
It is absolutely amazing how many things we can do with CSS. It's as powerful as some programming language, while in fact being completely declarative and super fast at the same time!
Then there is SlickEdit which has been around for decades as well. I wonder how they are able to continue to be in business with all of the editors such as Visual Studio Code being available for free.

https://www.slickedit.com/
I struggle with CSS. I am not sure it's CSS that's proving difficult or the ability to design anything even remotely presentable. I suspect my struggles are more to do with the latter. Looking at good designs and trying to derive a variant that works for me turn into incredibly frustrating exercises. Let me see if this content helps.
I think you misunderstand venture. VC has two broad categories: experimentation and growth. As a VC I'm happy to invest in a company with zero revenue, in the promise that they'll figure out something valuable. If I'm investing in a business that's figured it out, I'm looking for growth. The numbers don't have to be at a certain ARR level, but need to show strong growth.

It's likely the business you're pitching has an offering, but the revenues are pretty flat or growing slowly. You're in that weird in between zone that isn't interesting to VCs. You need to keep iterating on the offering until you find something with the right growth potential, otherwise you're stuck just staying a small business.
So with point 1, you are saying that you do support mandated government backdoors? Or are you just acknowledging that they effectively exist already? Because that is not relevant: Bitcoin exists already, too, it has no "backdoor", and it is usable today.

With point 2, I think you will see how the same line of thinking applies to cryptocurrency. The government is just one particular institution and there's no reason to expect them to be better stewards of the ability to sniff our encrypted messages than anyone else. Therefore, nobody should have that ability. I don't see why the same argument doesn't apply to encrypted "value transfers".
I would hope this would work itself out. People (me at least) are more likely to apply to jobs that have the salary listed, so companies that try this would have a smaller pool of talent.
Is discrimination based on current location illegal? I’m curious what case they would have given that many companies require certain time zones for remote employees.
I can answer from my experience.

I've learned about mac text editors from online ruby on rails tutorials. Both TextMate and SublimeText put me in awe, coming from windows based development they seemed much more polished. It was specifically marketed as distraction free and a lot of my university peers preferred them over whatever tutors were trying to push down our throats (mostly eclipse at that time).

I'd hazard a guess it's just marketing that makes the difference in popularity. I've seen both Sublime and TextMate being used a lot in talks. They tend to present very well in, ehrm, presentations. Try doing that with UltraEdit. Toolbars and other "cruft" get in the way
Take care not to romanticize the Old Testament or its laws. Plenty of genocide and wives-of-jealous-husbands-must-drink-dusty-water misogyny in there.

IME the excuses made for it and cherry picking from it have only reinforced bad habits. Stuff like appeal to authority, survivorship bias, and trusting intuition over data.
I bought a Flow Fitness DTM100i Walkingpad. Nice thing is that it can fold in half, and has wheels to easily place it under your desk and remove it again.

The app is really crappy, and I wasn't able to connect it to my phone. But the pad itself does its job so I'm happy about it.

I mostly do 3.5 km/h, you can go faster than that, but then it becomes more difficult to really get work done.

The following article really inspired me to take the step:
https://writings.stephenwolfram.com/2019/02/seeking-the-prod...
> I buy bitcoin from a guy down the street how are you going to stop that? I don't think outlawing cryptocurrency will stop people from using it, same way outlawing alcohol and weed doesn't stop anyone just makes them "criminal"

Outlawing coins won't stop people from using them.

It'll however shut down:

1. All major blockchain servers.

2. All major trade exchanges.

3. All legal services like "bitcoin vaults, banks" and so on.

4. All legal mining operations.

So with that, the foundation below crypto's value will collapse and it'll become basically worthless.

And so you'll probably still be able to trade Bitcoin, if the blockchain exists at all. But it'll be worth zilch.
A viable alternative to all this is using tailwind, can't recommend it highly enough. When you pass the initial period where you feel like you're repeating yourself (1h max) it takes the nervousness out of your CSSing, it feels more like coding and less like schmoozing..

Just a happy user
OTOH, it seems like the US perpetually leaves loopholes in its banking regulations that allow for money laundering if you're a big enough bank customer.

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bank-scandal-2020-2-trillion-tr...
Is Europe a small market?
Scientists and journalists of science taking each other apart in public circa 18 months after something started isn't remarkable. It's actually what should happen.

The author can pick apart declaration of interests in The Lancet's op-eds for conflict of interest because in scientific publications the declaration is made.

By contrast this article on 'unherd.com' does not have a conflict of interests statement. I don't know the author of the article, and am not told who reviewed it / or by what process. We're not told how the work was funded; at least they don't mention being bank rolled by a single hedge fund millionaire [1]. I'm sure one could write some similar article hinging on that fact and some suggestive eyebrow movements.

There's a lot of sanctimonious crap out there on the internet about the 'sociology' of science which somehow lacks any form of reflexivity.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UnHerd
Perhaps, but if you read the Twitter thread others are suggesting the same thing and people seem excited/happy that there is possibly a potential fix that may come from Gus discovering this.

So, maybe premature to get too hopeful but certainly not too soon to look in that direction?
I think there are roughly three types of legislation: legislation that acts on existing things (and thus is by definition "late"), legislation that anticipates things (and thus "restricts the market") and legislation that tries to cause something to exist (and thus fails if it anticipates improvements that don't materialize).

I would argue banning plastic single-use food containers is a bit of category one and a bit of category three. Of course the replacements are terrible, if the replacements were great then people would already prefer them and we wouldn't need the law. But banning single-use containers creates demand for better alternatives, which incentivizes innovation and the creation of actually good alternatives.

Batteries are very much an old thing. We solved it for walkmans. Non-replaceable batteries are a somewhat new thing that is in need of some legislation to close the gaps.
What competition is being hampered by this law?
That’s pretty cool. I use vim for this particular need and it’s quick to search through big files too
"European readers of American newspapers" is.
What is anticompetitive about requiring salary disclosure?
I love reading classic Carl Barks comics in Erika Fuchs's translations, but one should acknowledge that her very liberal variations did not always improve on the original text, but also resulted in some unnecessary obsfuscation. Still, her writing and editorial work made comics culturally acceptable in post-Nazi Germany and she really had an extreme impact on popular culture.

Translations straying from the source material to make it more popular with German speaking audiences were very popular in dubbed movies and TV shows, too. I was kind of dismayed to learn that Bud Spencer and Terrence Hill aren't all that funny in the original Italian. This might be kind of interesting to non-German readers: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_humour#Humorous_dubbing
my work makes us use UltraEdit (custom langauge) and frankly I hated it so much I wrote a custom language plugin for sublime my self so I could switch back.

UltraEdit just feels like it's stuck 10 years in the past.
I can relate. Huge fan of ST. I switched to VSC because of some integrations that were not available on ST. I hated it, it was only out of necessity. Everything on VSC just felt... sluggish, compared to ST. There's this barely noticeable input lag. Autocomplete seems to lag ever so slightly. The startup is just a smidge too slow. And so on in all dimensions.

Alas, now I'm used to it, and I can't go back because of the same integrations that made me switch in the first place, and new ones I've found since. All the crispness and snappiness is gone in favor of deep features. I accidentally became an IDE-guy.
The same is happening now with all the scientists asking the EMA and the FDA to look into existing drugs which work well against Covid. Either ignored, or worse, isolated from their own community as lunatics. No wonder people is scared to speak up unless there's nothing left to loose.
You can disconnect the cell antenna and terminate it with a dummy load. I did this on my head unit.
Less competitive elections sound great to me. That would imply that whoever won would have good majority support and maybe politics would fade into the background where it belongs.

Less competitive elections, at the federal level, are where we are now. As House seats have been gerrymandered to favor mostly conservatives (though liberals play the game too), we get more districts willing to elect extremists like MTG who are unwilling to compromise and hold positions anathema to the majority of the country.

Competitive elections should be more likely to result in moderate candidates, and therefore moderate elected politicians. In theory, this eventually leads to more compromise, and hopefully more progress. With extremists on both sides, we get lots of sound-bites, lots of feigned (and maybe real) anger, and not a lot gets done (and by "nothing gets done", I'm talking about things like government shutdowns because recalcitrant conservatives like McConnell refuse to play ball).
Mental Model of Programming Languages
Doesn't seem to have been effective here, we have had to wear them including outdoors since October. But give me some model over real world data to convince me.
Aehm, thanks?

If you bought your MacBook until MID 2012, you're out of luck though.

And 10 years old would be early 2011, and those are also not supported.

Mojave has the same requirements basically, that leaves High Sierra, and High Sierra had a few months of support left (ended Dec 2020), so I just aborted.
Unfortunately, no. I do really think this only pollutes namespace. You could have picked better name without
For many U.S. businesses I'm sure it's pretty much irrelevant. For others, not so much. That's why you see some U.S. businesses complying with EU directives, while others simply block visitors from the EU.
Lithium is not scarce. It is more abundant than lead.

"At 20 mg lithium per kg of Earth's crust,[45] lithium is the 25th most abundant element." (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium)

" lead's relatively high crustal abundance of 14 ppm; it is the 38th most abundant element in the crust." (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead)

The problem is that easily mined high concentration deposits of lithium are rare so it is expensive to extract.

Some of the high price can be simply attributed to high demand occurring after a period of demand low enough that mines were closed in North America. Now that demand is high there is pressure to develop new mines in the US; see, for instance, https://qz.com/1975325/electric-cars-are-fueling-the-uss-lit....

In theory we can extract vast amounts from seawater we just need enough energy.

See, for instance, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/07/seawater-could-provi..., https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.0c00385, https://www.samcotech.com/is-it-possible-to-extract-lithium-....