skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Taiwan resident here. Just wanted to include that “massive outbreak” so far means a few hundred cases nationally.

That’s bad, it might get a lot worse, and we’re all nervous — but just wanted to add the context because “massive” can mean a lot of things with orders of magnitude difference.
Slavic languages (not just Russian) distinguish the mode of transportation for verbs of motion. So, there is no single "go", there is either "go by foot" or "go by vehicle" and choosing the wrong one makes you sound like a silly foreigner. Similarly ,there is no single "bring", there is "bring on foot" or "bring in a vehicle".
I was conjecting. Personally I think he held and planned to buy again on the subsequent dip.
>“I’m glad we’re getting our documents back,” Barlow said. “That was the entire goal of the litigation.”

Did the bloggers delete the files after they copied them?
Otherwise there is no return of the documents.
We’ll, for POW coins the “energy efficiency” falls directly out of the market cap divided by the number of transactions.

BSV has essentially free transactions and not a high market cap, and so has a (suspiciously?) high txn count to price ratio.
Because they didn't want to maintain two different libraries?

(I don't work for Red Hat. My employer runs mostly Windows boxes. I mostly use Ubuntu when I use Linux.)
Over one in Java? I’m not a Xapian proponent or anything, but my understanding was that ElasticSearch was slightly annoying to maintain because you need to worry about heap memory usage.
>What western government could pull off welding doors shut the way they did in China?

Western governments have pulled all kinds of restrictions themselves, from curfews, closed borders, and "let's close all retail businesses" restrictions, to mandatory movement monitoring.

Heck, Italy might not have welded doors, but had the Army patrol to enforce strict lockdown, and citizens in northerns cities stay inside.

Sometimes this even meant closing them in-house with the corpses of their dead (from covid) relatives for several days. There were several such reported cases, e.g.:

https://7news.com.au/lifestyle/health-wellbeing/coronavirus-...

https://7news.com.au/lifestyle/health-wellbeing/coronavirus-...
> That sounds like a pretty wild conspiracy theory.

The concept of viral reservoir seems to be pretty basic and well established concept in virology, both in terms of macrobiomes (i.e., populations) and in terms of microbiomes (i.e., microbiotic community in the gut).

A quick googling will show you a huge list of well-research introductions from reputable sources, if you're interested in the topic.
"Wild conspiracy theory"? Uh, what? It's exactly what happened where I live. At least half of our hospitalizations at peak were from neighboring areas that had no more capacity due to low or non-existent restrictions.
I should have added "by default", but you're right there is a work around. Eventually old.reddit.com will get in the way of a major infrastructure update and they'll kill it off. It will make a lot of people mad, but it will be such a small percentage of users that they will do it anyway.
> wasn't much they could do about the situation that would make a major difference, save for employing totalitarian enforcement measures that no one wanted.

Are you insane? There are tons of countries that are not totalitarian, with big land borders, that have done far better than the US. There are countries (SK, Japan) with tiny numbers of cases.

There are obviously thousands of things that could have been differently and or better.

One key area I think the US did really badly on was messaging - basically, having Trump drawing the whole thing into his orbit made everybody feel like it's just business as usual. It's hard to take something really seriously when the nation's highest elected official talking nonsense about it on Twitter, so obviously people don't follow rules. Public health messaging is really easy to get right, and the nations that have done really badly (Britain, the USA, Brazil) all had heads of state who did the worst possible kind of messaging.
on israeli side one state solution is acceptable only by ultra-left (kumbaya and peace forever) or by ultra-right (lets annex and have israel from jordan river to the sea).

two state solution won't be taken off the table, it's just a scare tactic. but even if it were, chance that support for it will skyrocket in Israel is non-existent.
Well I guess I'll stop making my kid wear a helmet when she skateboards. No need to fear her premature death, it's just nature and everyone dies anyway.

Are you sure you thought this whole thing through?
This is a nice overview of the types of authorization categories you'd find covered in a book on security engineering. But in my experience, the real issues with authorization systems is not how the rules are encoded but how you make sure the rules are enforced.

The goal is to make the code auditable so that you don't need to audit the entire codebase in order to determine whether a given rule is being enforced, you only need to enforce a small security module, called a "security kernel" and check that. Those definitions were worked out in the first orange book standards. So the problem becomes how do you write a large piece of software to have a small security kernel?

Most software today does not have a security kernel. If you are lucky, there is a central table of security rules somewhere (whether capabilities or ACL lists or some other data structure is not important). And your entrypoints query the table

if (Permissions.isAdmin(userContext)) {
doOP(op);
} else {
// handle permission denied
}

That Permissions module could be a query to Zanzibaar or LDAP or a custom DB, the point is that the controller logic is required to check, and if the author of the controller code doesn't check or forgets to check, then access control is not enforced. So even though you have a centralized list of policies, you still need to audit every entrypoint to make sure the policies are being enforced, thus no security kernel.

A better system is to push the authorization checks directly into the resource stores themselves so the controller only handles the access denied error but does not perform any access checks, the access checks are performed in the DB itself (or just above the DB) containing the data/settings that are being protected.

// controller code
try {
doOP(op);
} catch(PermissionException) {
// handle permission denied
}

// DB/JPA layer
public string doOp(Context userContext, Op op)
if (QueryPerm(userContext, op)) {
private_doOp(op);
} else {
raise PermissionException("access denied");
}

This could be as a stored procedure, hooks directly in your persistence framework, or DB security function. The farther down you push this check the better, and ideally there is only a handful of places that are the gatekeepers to your resources that need to query for permissions.

So you need to find a way of propagating all your security attributes down to your persistence layer, and sign them somehow so that your controller or intervening code can't mess with your context. This is hard to do and imposes some rigidity on the rest of the code and there are a number of different approaches you can take. Then you have to worry about caching permissions if you are using something like an external perm DB versus something like signed capabilities in the session context. These are the hard trade offs when designing authorization systems.

The format of storing the perms as described in the article are not the types of hard quesions you normally deal with, and do not help you design a secure system, but they are useful to get the jargon and understand the possible schemas of your permissions store.
I find it really tiring to read a semi-long-form post on twitter. It's the wrong platform for that.
Kind of a self-defeating list. As a PoW cryptocurrency becomes more popular, the value of a single coin goes up, so the mining reward will go up in terms of USD. As a result, the equilibrium energy usage in mining goes up proportionally to the increase in value. So if people start using a cryptocurrency because it is more efficient, it will stop being efficient.
"Cryptocurrency doesn't provide any new capabilities at all."

The new capability that cryptocurrency provides is that money is now "programmable" it's a fusion between money and software.

Wether or not this is a benefit, is subjective, but IMO it's a humble beginning with epic potential.
According to a study in PNAS, shelter-in-place policies in the US did not work: https://www.pnas.org/content/118/15/e2019706118

Another study in Eur J Clin Inv had similar findings comparing countries: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eci.13484

COVID went wild basically everywhere. There were a few strong exceptions: China (apparently), Australia, New Zealand and some others. What these had in common was very strict police enforcement, which led to some dramatic scenes like people getting welded into their houses in China, or houses in Australia getting broken into by police on suspicion of too many people gathering.

In my _opinion_, lockdowns didn't work elsewhere because most cases are not from casual public transmission in places like stores, restaurants etc. Rather, events like kickbacks, dinner parties, and practices like in-home workers (nannies, cleaners etc) continued throughout the pandemic, or resumed shortly after the original March 2020 shockwave. While strident police enforcement of physical distancing could eliminate cases, and seemed to in a few places, the half measures used by most of the world did little-to-nothing positive while being an economic and cultural disaster.

Personally, I never caught COVID and rarely socialized during the pandemic. All the cases I heard of stemmed from the kind of thing I mention above: private dinner parties, nannies and so forth, rather than casual public transmission.

You, or any individual may have taken social distancing seriously but it's clear many or most did not, including people on both political "sides", up to and including governors, members of congress etc.
Colonial Pipeline was shut down because they couldn't bill customers properly
Why can't there be a libredhat that provide these things to the community with a stable interface?

Lots of communities manage to have widely used data-structure and algorithm libraries that aren't closely in the same repo as other unrelated projects, is there some special problem with this kind of systems programming that prevents that?
Those would be the regions that live sustainably - e.g. low insecticide use, but currently have relatively low crop yields that can be improved by adopting some non-harmful modern techniques, like mechanization. You can also compare the average amount of garbage thrown out by a family - developed nations generate a lot of of waste and a lot of greenhouses. If we're capping population growth, the most wasteful regions should be the first.
Chia (XCH) coin would be interesting to see on that list seeing it basis was being an eco friendly crypto
> I hate the work, hate the people, the culture, etc.

I’ve encountered massively different cultures at different jobs, I don’t believe there is a single tech culture.

> I’ve considered maybe just doing the leetcode circus and trying to land mind numbing FAANG job.

Regarding FAANG my experience is entirely second hand and mostly from people at Google. I don’t know how you came to the belief that it’s “mind numbing”. The only conclusion I can draw from everything I’ve heard is that it’s not uniform. Some people have great assignments and great bosses, some crap and crap.

Based on these two things, I’m wondering if you really have the breadth of experience to make these generalizations and conclusions, but on the other hand...

> I’ve never been a particularly good software developer compared to many of the people I’ve interacted with.

That’s not a great sign, you’re reporting not to like dev work and additionally not being particularly great at it. I’m not convinced you have a lack of aptitude, this may very well be a result of lack of interest, regardless that’s a large red flag in my book.

The most persuasive bit you’ve said for leaving the industry was disliking the people. For me, one of the best parts about being an engineer is being around people I get along with. In very general terms I believe there is a typical engineer personality; it comes down to the way we think about the world around us, and how we approach problems. If you have some other way to earn a living doing work you like around people you like I’d probably just do that instead; a few years lost to school and some debt seem like a relatively small price to pay.
I am not in exactly the same place, but respect your comment as being at least logically self-consistent. It reminds me of Jody Lanard's thread[1] about how the new CDC guidelines are "adultifying" in that they transfer the decision back to individuals rather than paternalistic guidelines. The way I think about it is that until recently, the risk calculus was analogous to drunk driving, but is now more similar to riding a motorcycle without a helmet.

[1]: https://twitter.com/EIDGeek/status/1393987801260204034
Yep you are right. Good point.
Legally that’s what’s meant. When I’ve settled a similar case we asked they return all copies of files taken on a USB drive and then affirm that they’ve deleted all copies.
Announcing restrictions and enforcing them are two separate animals.

There are not enough police in most of the US to actually enforce closing businesses, let alone confining people to their homes. Especially not when half the populace sees it as a political infringement of their rights.
> The following does definitely look very good to me [...]

Here's another vote for looking totally borked. I don't know if it's because I've disabled javascript, or something else - but, no.
If I’m getting this right: The devs of some random (?) erc20 token called shib gave vitalic something like half the tokens without asking him. At some point he cashed out 1bn USD from it to donate to india covid relief and crashed the price. He then burnt (send to an invalid address) the remaining 90% or something (around 6bn USD at the time) to… I guess make a point? And kept the rest to be sent to another charity.
Great work.

This is a really excellent exercise for understanding material need for refactoring.

I don't think I share the author's conclusions but it makes a really good test case.

"At idle, Elasticsearch uses:

1GB of RAM (out of 8GB total)
30% utilization of a CPU
1GB of Disk space after a week

This doesn’t sound bad, but considering this server houses a dozen containers and the next CPU intensive container uses only 2% of a CPU – Elasticsearch is too heavy. For a server that gets 15 requests a minute, the resource consumption of Elasticsearch doesn’t justify it’s use. What would happen if I received a spike of traffic? I feel like the server would fall over not because the app couldn’t handle it, but log management couldn’t handle the load."

The thing is 'uses more resources than the thing next to it' is maybe a nice referential starting point, but it doesn't mean much.

What is the actual cost/risk/benefit work out to be? Cost in terms of development, maintenance, hosting, opportunity for future expansion?

Are we going to need to 'do more soon'? Are the hosting costs even material? Can Rust be easily supported?

The bit about 'what if there are more requests' does give pause for thought, but, it could be that there's a threshold/minimum that the service needs to operate, above which there's only marginal, incremental resource consumption. I don't know, I'm only pointing out the possibility.

And the choice of Rust, the author denoted has a few nice attributes ... but is this a personal choice ... or an optimal choice? Would the Python or Java solution be cleaner? Elastisearch is based on Lucene (Java), so it might be possible to do something very fast, powerful and extensible there as well.

Thanks to the author for both 'doing it' and 'writing about it' - but I think the meta issue here hinges is the technical product case.
Because numbers and how people interpret data is hugely important (there was a great article years ago how data visualization tricks can completely make a person misinterpret the presented information)

People can read and shout - I WAS RIGHT!! Only 0.1% people die of covid, lockdowns were unnecessary, masks don’t help, everyone’s a sheep for believing covid is anything more serious than a flu. Now they want to vaccinate us for this, what a joke. Wake up people!!

This is how people can misunderstand and spread misinformation because they don’t have the experience reading and interpreting such data and make conclusions.

Per [1] United States’ current covid deaths is 912k. That is twice the amount USA lost during WW2.

So on one side of the spectrum we have “wake up people, 0.1%, this is a hoax” and on another side we have that more people died from covid in a single year than the sum of all war and terrorist casualties USA had in the last 150 years.

Context matters.

[1] - http://www.healthdata.org/special-analysis/estimation-excess...
Israel-Gaza: Why is the region blurry on Google Maps?
Except checklists often ... just get checked.

c.f. people checking t&c's becuase they can't be bothered to read them (/sympathetic).
> languages are nonsensical, illogical, and the sooner you stop trying to make sense of it all,the faster you will advance.

In the first day of Koine Greek class, the instructor asked who had programming experience. She made a point of stressing, as she would again, that unlike computer languages, human languages show no signs of design, and not to spend any time looking for it. It was good advice.
Microsoft Board Had Gates Probed for Relationship
I find the summary quite reasonable. The following:

> Joseph E. LeDoux was positive about the possibility of learning to control the amygdala's hair-trigger role in emotional outbursts. "Once your emotional system learns something, it seems you never let it go. What therapy does is teach you how to control it—it teaches your neocortex how to inhibit your amygdala. The propensity to act is suppressed, while your basic emotion about it remains in a subdued form."[11]

also makes a lot of sense to me. It reminds me of the highest-rated visual novel of all time, Muv-Luv Alternative, which really retrains your brain so that you know to control your emotions and act responsibly and calmly even under the most adversarial and unexpected circumstances. It is the only piece of literally life-changing art that I've ever come across and I recommend everybody to read it. https://vndb.org/v92
This is an amazing website. That's how I learned the basics of Datalog.
> If there was one thing Trump was all in on, it was closing the southern border.

Is there any source that even suggests that the US's "southern border" played a remotely relevant role in the US's pandemic?

I mean, COVID spread like wildfire in the US throughout a timespan where the US's central government was quite militant in either denying or downplaying it's gravity. Even today we see states and cities taking militant stances in refusing to implement basic public health precautions. Why is the US's "southern border" suddenly relevant regarding covid-19?
Drag n drop UIs don't really help when you have too much dynamism (like "oh only have this button appear in these conditions", "do this here", etc). And I would say that box layout offered by CSS is much nicer than the constraint layout system _when you have a lot of dynamism_.

Like I wouldn't want to have to deal with an interfrace like facebook in native stuff. I don't think it's impossible, but I feel like it would require a lot more up-front design and correct engineering.

You're right about XML being a medium, just kinda my memories of working with this stuff.
Ultimately the money comes from people buying in to Bitcoin and many of them are not aware of the power consumption or the fact that it's possible to achieve number go up with virtually no energy.
I think a more thorough societal discussion about what our goals are given tight carbon budgets is what they're getting at, not the individual decision of someone to mine it.
There are a couple of “unroll” or “thread” apps that really help. ie an unrolled version of this post https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1393971202738302986.html
Why should that be Apple's job in the first place? If I go to a big shopping centre, and I buy something from one of the shops there, and subsequently it turns out to be defective, that's between me and the shop who sold it to me. No-one would expect the shopping centre to have any control over that commercial relationship just because the shop happened to be under its roof.
> Virus reservoirs are things.

Clearly I was not suggesting the concept of a virus reservoir was a conspiracy theory. I don't know if you were being deliberately obtuse, but it does not help the conversation.

The parent made 3 claims, increasingly improbable, with the last seeming to be a hateful conspiracy theory.

>> Except these surrounding towns act as virus reservoirs for the large cities.

The assertion is the towns acts as reservoirs for cities. Is that really true?

>> That limits the effectiveness of restrictions.

Is that really what limits the effectiveness of restrictions in cities?

>> The “become COVID-19 carriers to own the libs” strategy kinda worked.

It's pretty obvious this is the conspiracy theory I was talking about. The suggestion seems to be that conservatives in surrounding towns (but not those in the cities) had conspired to develop a biological warfare strategy based on becoming infected in towns and then traveling to infect nearby cities.

This is one of the most hateful, unhinged paranoid delusion I've ever read about COVID. But this kind of thing doesn't raise many eyebrows on sites like HN because people think it's plausible or even likely ("yes it must be those hateful angry racist divisive conspiracy-theory-believing conservatives who are always out to get us, clearly it's conservatives who are to blame for any and all political failings that occur in liberal-run areas").
Better article:
https://voiceofoc.org/2021/05/fullerton-settles-lawsuit-agai...

They erroneously made the files public on the city's Dropbox account.
Nature is weirder than science fiction. Seems that the live cycle is very limited on being the king of the environment
Their hashrates are really low relative to market cap.
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/grammar/british-grammar/...
>I think there is a desire to overcount which must not be glossed over either

So there was overcounting, but somehow excess mortality in 2020-2021 is higher than in normal years? How?

>with comorbidity being counted as a COVID death even when the patient had 2 or more serious health conditions already

A high percentage of people in the US have "serious health conditions" like diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure etc. If Covid accelerated their deaths then it should be counted as a covid death because they would likely be otherwise alive now. If you want to get pedantic there's a measure called QALY(quality adjusted life years).

Musk said there would be zero cases in the US by April 2020 among other dumb predictions, so I don't think he's the best person to go to for Covid related information since his domain is technology and not epidemiology. https://www.forbes.com/sites/joewalsh/2021/03/13/elon-musks-...
Not handling panics is OK if you own your own code. But if you're sell an application that panics you can guarantee that's going to cause pain while supporting clients. An error log with details can be as useful but won't make the client think you're incompetent. I say this having given Go applications that panic-ed to clients before and they freaked out about these errors that weren't actually a big deal (a minor case in a controller of a web server).