skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Thanks for the explanation. I'm not a gender pronouns pedant in any way, my question was asked purely from an educational perspective.

My native language is Russian, which is generally a gendered (masculine/feminine/neuter) language. Nouns have gender. It mostly follows the spelling of the words - i.e. if a word ends with a certain vowel. Sometimes it doesn't work that way, mostly with loanwords. In other cases the historical form of the word did match a pattern, and was assigned a gender accordingly - and then changed (e.g. by re-loaning it in a more accurate spelling), and no longer fits. When that happens, people will use the more "appropriate" rather than the "right" gender in colloquial speech, and eventually it becomes the new standard, collecting the mismatch.

A good example of this is the Russian word "coffee". When it was first loaned back in 18th century, it was "kofiy" - and in Russian, that is definitely masculine. Eventually it got re-loaned as "kofe", which would normally be neuter; but the masculine gender assignment stayed from past spelling. In the dictionaries, that is - in practice treating the word as neuter became one of the common incorrect colloquialisms, just because it doesn't "look" masculine. Language purists fought this for several decades, and eventually lost: it's still nominally masculine, but neuter is considered an "accepted variant" in modern dictionaries.

So to a Russian speaker, say, New York and Texas are masculine, while California and Florida are feminine. So, when I read "she" in @antirez's article, I was immediately confused, like, did I miss a character introduced in the previous paragraph or ...who is _she_?

In my writings, instead of saying "he", "she", "they", I try to call people by the exact meaning of what I'm writing about, eg engineer, manager, programmer, etc. No idea why it's not THE way to end all the pronouns dilemmas in English.
Pick any language and I'm sure someone can point you to a test suite like this, it's not really indicative of a complexity problem in Rust.
Crude insult. Akin to criticizing someone for "aligning with protecting his oxygen supply".
I love this. This is all the stuff that first-day junior devs walk into a place and their eyes glaze over.

It's not sexy. A lot of it isn't "computer science." But until you get this stuff down you won't be doing day-to-day development very well.
For most people, it’s not as simple as deciding to make friends with locals. People have various heuristics to determine the probability of rate of return (not financially speaking, but all around) on certain relationships, including differences in socioeconomic status, cultural background, age, etc.

The locals also probably already have their own friend circles (or tribes or whatever you want to call it), and it might take a lot of effort to break in, especially if there is a group of expats that are easier to communicate with.
If you started your adult life with the same help from Daddy that Trump had - and did nothing, literally besides putting all of that money into an index fund - you’d be richer than Trump is today. They did the math.

So what exactly are Trump’s accomplishments? It’s not like the dude started off selling hot dogs. He made a lot of shitty investments, lost a lot of money, and is one of the few people on this planet capable of bankrupting a casino. In Vegas.

Yes he’s famous, of course, but his “look at me I’m a successful billionaire” image is all smoke and mirrors.
The document states the Starship will have a "soft ocean landing" off the coast of Kauai. I wonder if/how they are planning to recover it?
A new programming language which hides the fact that your code is running across multiple machines from you. Similar to OOP, you'll define some level of structure and the compiler will figure out how to best distribute it across the resources given to it.
> `return x` is an expression that can be used in place of any type because it will never be used.

To clarify: the expression will run, but it has the type `!` ("never"). And while that's still not a "proper" rust type (other uninhabited types are though they may not be quite as special-cased in the compiler), it is in essence a bottom type: since it can't have a value, it will unify with any type.

That's why Rust is perfectly happy with

let foo = if a { 1 } else { return 42 };

The first branch has type `{integer}`, the second branch has type `!`. `!` unifies just fine with `{integer}`, therefore the typechecker is happy.
A few months ago, Android (AOSP) announced it was moving from Soong to Bazel:
https://blog.bazel.build/2020/11/12/aosp_migrating_to_bazel....

Why would Rust in Android move to Soong? Who else is using Soong?
The marketshare metric. By this metric I think Apple is already losing, they stopped publishing in 2018 because it started going down.
Across what size of fleet? It's meaningless to say you'd be concerned about millions of connected sockets, except to the extent that it was a significant fraction of total system cost.
Is 45-47% efficacy at preventing infection against B.1.351 & P.1 “stupendously effective at stopping all variants?” http://www.healthdata.org/covid/covid-19-vaccine-efficacy-su...
Working for a small startup that uses both k8s and more traditional infrastructure, I've found the yaml soup that comprises a reliable k8s system is not much worse than the yaml/hcl soup of our ansible/terraform provisioning scripts.
How sarcastic is this?
See also https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/statements.html on what statements are.

Basically, the only thing that is a statement and can’t be an expression is `let pattern = expression;`.
There might be issues of access. It may be possible to go through school without ever having to break out of a GUI to do CLI commands, whereas it may be impossible to graduate from high school without ever typing an essay on word/docs/etc etc.
s/Modern/Ancient/

https://suntzusaid.com/book/13
Nope. Monero is actually private and untraceable.
I think complete CI/CD+hosting solutions are somewhat likely; open versions of things like AWS lambda or GCP cloud functions. Roll the entire tech stack into a automated service.

What most backend devs want is to write code and stick it behind a URI endpoint and make sure it keeps running with networking, auth, security, monitoring, scaling, and reliability taken care of by someone else.
Microservices will be integrated into a single binary developed with clear boundaries in mind to be able to be able to refactor them out where scale is needed.

There will be languages to design distributed systems without having to manually design each component for it. The language rather allows generating interfaces which generate a monolith while certain parts are generated as microservices to scale.
> Y Combinator shouldn't be backing a tiny PE fund, so this can't be that.

Why not? YC backs a lot of things that don't necessarily look like a classic "software company".
> People routinely do end to end encryption with email every day using either OpenPGP or S/MIME.

Those solutions encrypt only the content and not the headers, which are just as important. Also, encrypting the content prevents some webmail services from functioning, such as search.

Email can't really be made secure.
They can also ask for ETH and use Tornado cash to launder it.
While this is (probably obviously!) very subjective from author to author, I think "the character didn't want to do the thing I'd planned for them" is a good thing story-wise, because it means you really understand your character. The flip side of that, though, is "the character didn't want to do the thing" isn't necessarily a sign that the character shouldn't do the thing. In general, your protagonist is going to have to be pushed out of their comfort zone during a story, and they are not going to like it. Frodo did not start out The Lord of the Rings thinking "throwing this ring into a volcano in Mordor sounds like a lovely few weeks' vacation."
One way I've seen discussed on HN is by sending varying amounts to N different accounts, where some are owned by you / affiliates and others are not. In a sense, paying for obfuscation of which accounts are actually owned by you.
Frankly I hope it is.
We could certainly do something in that direction, but it'd be a lot of complexity (and risk of synchronization bugs) to avoid a few ~10ms of latency when sending messages to very large audiences.

Especially since that latency is mostly invisible, thanks to local echo: https://zulip.readthedocs.io/en/latest/subsystems/sending-me...

It's also not very high-value to optimize; that database write is 10-20% of the total time to process sending a message to everyone in a large open community like chat.zulip.org (with 18K total users).
I don't think you understand why that captcha is there in the first place then.

Cloudflare prevents a bunch of crap that site operators just don't want to deal with. Especially for smaller sites that are run by one person. Dealing with a wordpress site getting hacked because you missed an update by a day, or a bulletin bored getting swarmed with bots, or some asshat ddos'ing your site because you banned them. Suddenly that site just isn't worth running.

Complaining that about a thing that prevents that headache because it's a minor inconvenience to you is so self centered it boggles the mind.
it can be harder to trace, but the bigger problem is trying to turn it into cash, which is hard to do anonymously regardless of the currency used (BTc, XMR, etc). THe FBI,Secret Service, are mostly focused on the conversion of crypto to cash, not the intermediary steps.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27155570
I refuse to click on Wired links anymore. The signal to noise ratio is way to low to ever be worth it.
Ask HN: How does ADHD affect your life?
I want to understand more about ADHD. I assume that there are not a few successful Hackers here with ADHD. I want to understand how it affects your lives socially and professionally. I'm purposely aiming to start a very general discussion because i'm not sure which direction this post will take, and i want to gauge the enthusiasm of fellow Hackers in discussing this issue, and mental issues in general.
> .NET had a feature where you could essentially code as if you were writing a form application in C# and it would compile to a web form and wire up JavaScript, HTML and CSS so you never had to learn anything about web technologies.

This is likely referring to ASP .NET Web Forms. While this is theoretically true the reality was more nuanced; you had to know HTML/CSS in order to style your applications and you had to know a wee bit of jQuery to make things happen on the page when you didn't want to trigger a "postback" (their proprietary term for a POST request laden with the requisite ViewState and session magic). The _real_ magic of ASP .NET was implicit state management... you didn't have to know anything about sessions, cookies, HTTP, CSRF, or LocalStorage (which, sadly, was around for some of Web Forms's heyday because many devs clung onto it for much longer than they should have). The whole point of Web Forms was to replicate the WinForms experience in a web context so that devs didn't have to reason so much about client vs server state. Everything was rendered server-side and state was retained via a combination of session and the aforementioned "ViewState", which was basically a massive encrypted form field with the application state that got submitted with every request.

It could probably be argued that Web Forms doesn't even really qualify as web development. I've weaned developers off of WebForms and for most of them it was their first exposure to basic tenets of web development like HTTP verbs (let alone RESTfulness), JSON, vanilla Javascript, sessions, and actual honest-to-God state management.
Expecting billionaires to ever pay seems naive.

The amount you're threatening to tax them is literally the resources they have to mitigate that tax. If you want to tax them say 7 million, it's worth spending 6.5 million if it got that bill down to anything lower than 500K and if you ever had a way to hold them at gunpoint to get them to pay, they'd just move themselves and their HQ another country.

Taxes are only for the working class and the middle class.
Show HN: Free closed beta access to distributed digital identity for IIoT
I don't believe that this is true. Because, one can just write simple Scala and has pretty much everything that Kotlin has (minus its nullability magic) and never deal with these edgecases. Even compiletimes are decent then.

But with Kotlin, it is actually enforced that the more advanced features of Scala are not available, so it makes sure that compiletimes etc. stay short. It also simply reduces the burden of the IntelliJ devs, because it's not just "Language -> IDE" but IDE capabilities impact how the language is designed too. And having a good IDE is very important for productivity.
Researchers 3D print complex micro-optics with improved imaging performance
A competitor with a simpler API
Labor supply is high because it is forced to be high, in a way that capital supply is not. Investors can stop investing and simply live on their hoards, or even a tiny fraction of their hoards. Laborers cannot stop laboring and do the same.
The Walpiri would disagree - https://numberwarrior.wordpress.com/2010/07/30/is-one-two-ma...
There are three main problems with curl | sh: the file one the web server could be replaced without modifying the source in version control (and unlike a git checkout, the hash of the file is not verified), you can’t read the code before it runs, and curl could fail to download the whole file.

Of course, I bet a lot of people don’t bother to read any of the source code of a program that they’ve downloaded anyway.
My go-to example would be the module system:

1. 90% of the time, rust module layouts are basically a copy of the file-system heirarchy, so why do I have to type this? This system would be much more approachable if it gave the file-system hierarchy as the default module layout, and let you override it explicitly. The argument I have heard against this is that some people like to comment out module declarations during debugging. I don't find this compelling, because I don't see why you couldn't have an explicit way to ignore a module instead. This is just one of many cases where Rust seems to prioritize the edge case at the expense of the common case.

2. On top of requiring a lot of boilerplate the module system is quite esoteric. I've had to learn it twice: a few years ago I was dabbling in Rust, and I remember having to struggle a bit to understand how to add a second file to my project, and then about a year ago when I was getting back into rust I found it unintuitive a second time. I challenge you to find someone who is unfamiliar with the module system, and see how long it takes them, using only the documentation, to figure out where they have to put the `mod` declarations to add nested submodules to their project to make it compile. Maybe I am unreasonably thick, but I don't think it's my problem since I've worked with a lot of languages, and never had this much trouble.

3. This esoteric system isn't even deterministic. Imagine I have the line `mod foo` in my `lib.rs`. Where can I go to find the source for that? Well, it depends. It could be in `src/foo.rs`, or it could be in `src/foo/mod.rs`. And let's say I'm using external crate: `use some_crate`. Which import does that correspond to? It could be: `some_crate`, or it could be `some-crate` in my `Cargo.toml`. You just have to kind of know all of these implicit behaviors of the compiler to know what's going on.

So this is just one feature, but IMO it's just one example of a case where Rust puts very little emphasis on the UX and understandability of the language.
Are they? There's plenty of far-right parties in Europe, some of which have even entered into governments or came close to it. And in any case the core threat isn't fascism per se, but the darker aspects of human nature which remain unchanged. The USA after all didn't have a fascist government in that time period but nevertheless performed widespread involuntary sterilizations. More relevant to the circumstances under consideration, the CDC itself performed secret experiments on human subjects as recently as the 1970's--infecting black men with syphilis without their knowledge, just to watch the results. Or the 1980's when the FDA an CDC turned their back on AIDS victims for political reasons, because it was largely gay men who were dying.

Europeans seem to think that they are above all this and such atrocities could never, ever happen again. But history shows otherwise, and human nature remains the same. Checks and balances and eternal vigilance is how you make sure it really doesn't happen, which requires the belief that it seriously can happen again.
What is this based on? How do you know their capabilities?

Per published reports, they (and others) have exploits for many things, including many cryptography implementations.
There is a good and useful reality check in there, but it’s also written in a style that’s looking for a fight, so I’m reluctant to recommend it.
With "Expr" it should be possible to built an ORM similar to Entity Framework, it allows to write elegant queries thanks to Expression Trees in C#.
Have you tried out any of these yet? The concept isn't new, there were others before, like Steemit, but they were all flawed in one way or another.
As assets go up, the more people scream bubble or tulips.

As assets go down, the more people scream crash.

I've found these to be great signals of who to avoid getting investment advice from.
It depends on the country and on how the locals view you. The locals may be very hesitant to make friends with you. Also, even if you and they are very friendly, you might just not have a lot in common with them. Of course, you should try to actually live in the country you move to rather than in some expat bubble, but you may find that your choices are expat bubble or just don't go. My choice would be not to go, but some are happy with the expat bubble.
You're being misleadingly pedantic.

This article is about people who are US citizens abroad, or foreigners who came to USA or who are under the jurisdiction (imprisonment) of territory controlled by the USA government.

Non-resident non-citizen non-present people violating US national security (rightly or wrongly, that's per the government's judgment) don't have Constitutional rights.
I agree. But Scala still does certain things different, so to a Java or python dev it _looks_ as if there is a lot of syntax. Just like Haskell looks strange when you look at it for the first time.
The same person recently made a video showing how fog interacts with carbon dioxide: https://youtu.be/8kza02WmwuM

It makes me want a fog machine too. My daughter is still a little young to appreciate the science but I bet she’d have fun playing with fog!
Cities see Starlink as a reason they shouldn't invest in conduit and fiber, in case wireline proves to be an obsolete technology. None of the legislation currently on offer achieves what we need as a country, which is to collectively tear up our streets and connect every home and business with gig fiber as a utility. We'll never get there. This country will always have shitty internet.
Might work for US-based mass shooters and domestic terrorists. They tend to be broken, single/divorced men carrying out planned but unstructured acts of violence.

For young men in countries where militias offer better paycheques and protection than the government can, I think you might have to come up with a more elaborate solution.
The one big exception I can think of is the arts. But they usually require an audition or portfolio for acceptance. CS majors take anyone but then not until first week of classes is it clear how much pre-reqs are expected.
Until someone cracks it, that is. If it becomes the crypto of choice for some of the bigger fish, you can bet the government will find a way to trace it.
The "government" didn't make any such statement. A lawyer who was a longtime friend of Rudy came out and made a claim that was never corroborated or even acknowledged by the government, by the looks of it.

Remember, it'll be fine in the end. The RNC's push to eliminate domestic encryption ensures a future where everyone has access to Giuliani's iCloud!
the contacts they are referring to are brushes to tranfer energy to the rotating shaft not bolted connections for stator leads
More generally some departments, including CS but not only, get away with picking above average students in a given college and letting other departments get the below average students, through things like "weed out courses" or not teaching actually 101 courses but "assuming a lot of background familiarity with computers", to quote what you say.

Difficulty of any given program at the undergraduate level is completely dependent on university policy. Maybe at the research level, you truly need to be more intelligent / harder working / whatever to succeed in math than in art history, but at the college level, you could do for instance:

- cram all that is taught in current undergrad, MA, and PhD (including the thesis) for art history in 4 years

- let CS students graduate if they can write any working program in any language of their choice

Tada! Art history is now the hardest degree in the college where only the best students aren't weeded out out; and CS is the easiest degree there is.

My point being that CS departments assuming prior levels of CS unlike other departments is merely an instance of a larger pattern.
> The REvil representative said its program was introducing new restrictions on the kinds of organizations that affiliates could hold for ransom, and that henceforth it would be forbidden to attack those in the “social sector” (defined as healthcare and educational institutions) and organizations in the “gov-sector” (state) of any country. Affiliates also will be required to get approval before infecting victims.

Statements like this seem to point to ransomware activities being far more coordinated and "business-like" than they often get credit for.

I do wonder if ransomware is (in a strange way) a(n illegal) free-market response to what is perceived to be an under-valuation of tech skills - aggrieved people who can carry out attacks and gain access to deploy ransomware are likely to be able to earn more through this route, even factoring in their "risk of being caught".

If a market correction occurs (ransomware becomes a real fear, organisations rapidly start to value security skills more and pay "megabucks" for the skills and hire them at-scale), the risk/reward of being caught starts to mean access brokers reduce in number, and the compensation reaches a free market equilibrium (accounting for the "getting caught" risk of criminal activity).

A lot of the time I still see people trying to hire entry-level people into live/ operational security roles, without the experience they'd need. I wonder if this is partly due to a desire to cut costs, rather than accept the need to pay rock-star compensation?
Cage match. Me with no gas vs. you with no oxygen
> A lot of it isn't "computer science." But until you get this stuff down you won't be doing day-to-day development very well.

This is the main issue in my view. CS isn't development. CS is research, development is application. I'm a software engineer and I would never call what I do CS. Things are going to be clunky and awkward until schools split CS from Software Engineering, like they do with other sciences and their applications.
Scala 3 isn't such a language, most of the stuff people use is still there.

The biggest change touching your comment is replacing one feature (implicits) with a couple more tailored features (extension methods, conversions and context parameters). In practice they were very powerful and versatile, but also complicated, finicky and bug-prone. Feels a bit like pointers in that regard.
Container on the edge!