skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> the people who understand phase transitions aren't working on astrophysics

I'm fairly sure there are plenty of equations of state with (first-order) phase transitions in the minds and literature of astrophysicists working on neutron stars.

https://duckduckgo.com/?q=phase+transition+neutron+star

> wave-particle duality

I don't see how that has anything to do with it.

The superfluid dark matter idea is that dark matter behaves as the usual verrrrry-weakly (even only gravitationally) interacting (both with ordinary matter and with itself) perfect fluid in the Friedmann equations at the largest scales. However, as one takes the dark matter density higher, these rare or weak self-interactions increase in number or strength. At densities found deep enough within galaxy clusters and within individual galaxies the self-interaction produces a phase change that increases the intensity of interactions with ordinary matter at distances much greater than that of the diameters of atomic nuclei (but perhaps not infinite distances, as with electromagnetism).

This is somewhat backwards from the neutron star studies: they start with microscopic physical mechanisms (quark deconfinement, pion condensation, and other exotica) and extract a change in bulk behaviour. By contrast, this family of dark matter idea starts with bulk behaviour and hopes to find microscopic physical mechanisms eventually. Which really is not very different from the standard cosmology's cold dark matter: bulk behaviour, but we haven't found the particles that generate it.

But, turning to Ken Wilson (who is extremely important in generalized phase transitions [1]): density of discrete elements has an obvious length scale (the mean distance between the elements) and the phase-change idea is that above a certain length scale standard cosmology's cold dark matter is a fine effective theory; below that length scale, that effective theory needs adaptation. In these theories there's a singular point in the dark matter energy_density-viscosity curve, and on one side of that point the perfect fluid approximation is accurate for all practical purposes, and on the other additional parameters become relevant. Or turning it around, one recovers the standard perfect fluid cold dark matter from a model with additional parameters as one takes those parameters to zero, and thus the standard perfect fluid is emergent. And in turn as one studies the microscopic details of the superfluid, it is almost certain to emerge from something else, probably but not necessarily a quantum field theory.

- --

[1] https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1982/press-release... [quick overview of Wilson's prize-winning work] and https://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2013/06/20/how-qua... [renormalization] and http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2010/11/25/thanksgi... [effective field theory more generally]
Out of curiosity, how do you eat raw potatoes? I can’t imagine a way that I’d enjoy them.
My living room is lit through 30(3W 240V) LEDs. I installed them about 2 years ago and nearly half of them are gone. The lifetime of these is supposed to be 20K hours. Obviously the lights are not switched on all the time, more like 4 hours on average. That's less than 3K hours of usage with about %50 fatality rate.

Out of curiosity, I teared down a few failed ones and they were all gone because one of the LEDs on the LED array blew up. Here is a picture of a failed one: https://imgur.com/aOg7D7S

I'm very doubtful about the longevity claims.
You didn’t answer my question.
I’d have to agree with you on this.

Apart from anything else, that goes back to at least biblical times (otherwise why would there be a rule about it in the Bible?)

I suspect that, given the author is talking about overcrowding and lack of privacy, they had enough people living under one roof for at least one of them to just… prefer that. (e.g. p=0.02, 50 people, or whatever).
Generations of childs have ared geting themselfs
The Google Maps app did (does?) something like this. If you wanted to set your "Home" and "Work" shortcuts you had to enable history first.
My hunch is that she'd be alright with this. Somehwat relatedly, there's a Dr. Axel Rauschmeyer (also from Germany) who talks about JavaScript and is almost always referred to as "Dr. Axel". Then there's Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, who is quite correctly addressed by his title and given name, "Dr. Tedros", omitting the patronymic components. And no, you usually do not quote a person's full name unless in court as you'd usually leave out the middle name(s). But in the end it's up to Dr. Hossenfelder I guess.
> > $30k in 1968. It sold in 2019 for $1.4M.

> and the same $30k invested in the S&P 500 in 1968 would have earned you 186x

OPs grandparents would have a difficult time living under a stock certificate.

Housing is to live in, can't compare it to stocks. Unless you plan to be stock-rich but homeless.
Prioritizing the things that provide value to me, and avoiding sellers that do not is the opposite of "bad consumer behavior".

In fact, letting bad business practices slide when it comes to small businesses is a great way of ensuring those businesses will never improve their practices and will continuously fall behind.

Show me the incentives and I will show you the results.
Refactored the ugly JSX code to be neat JSX.

function Component({ children }) {
const { data, loading, error } = useGetMyData();

return (
<>
{loading && <div>Loading...</div>}
{error && <div className="red">{error.message}</div>}
{!loading && !error && <>
<div>Data:</div>
<div className="green">{data}</div>
{children}
</>}
</>
);
}

> However, HTML is too declarative of an S-expression to be efficient in constructing the DOM.

This is statement is also stinking. HTML is meant to describe the DOM and does a great job at it.
> you don't need to own property to live there - you can rent.

Look up rents in the 60s in Los Gatos vs. rents recently to see what a terrible idea that would've been for those people.
Both are mentioned in the article, which points out that the suspected outset of kuru was a spontaneous CJD occurrence
Entanglement isn't like how it's described in the post at all. Entangled particles are correlated across spacetime in a way that goes beyond "instantly knowing there is red in one envelope when blue is in the other".

First of all, we don't know which color is in which envelope at the start. And revealing of one instantly determines the other physically regardless of whether it came up red or blue.
So entanglement is "spooky action at a distance".

This property doesn't constitute FTL communication though since we can't encode any information this way, we don't know what the particles will reveal when measured. We just know that measuring one will affect the other particle no matter how far apart they are physically.

So I imagine Einstein meant both.
Figure 2 in that article, illustrating a constant-width figure with three sides (a Reuleaux triangle), reminded me of a science fiction story from long ago. I finally found the title: it's "The Three-Cornered Wheel" by Poul Anderson. A spaceship crew on an alien planet needs to transport something heavy but the natives worship circles and won't let them use cylindrical rollers. They eventually find a solution that satisfies everyone.
But physics is so much more mysterious if everybody carefully refuses to acknowledge the mere existence of the clear and obvious answer.
just the fact that we have SO many comments here (and always when it comes to this topic) about how this problem can be misunderstood (e.g. knowing that the showmaster will never open the winning door before yours and that he will ALWAYS show you a blank door), means that we don't quite know how bad people are in intuitively understanding the probabilites because the real problem here (and elsewhere) was the meaning of the question, not (only) finding the answer. Nonetheless, we have a lot of studies that show how bad we are with probabilites (e.g. that the probability of two defined rare things happening at the same time is not only rare but extremely rare - unless they are interconnected of course) so there is certainly truth in here, but not quite as much as it appears at first.
Nonetheless, I really like how much more intuitively clear the problem gets once you're talking about 100 doors instead of 3: So if the question were: "You're taking 1 out of 100 doors, say number 27, and then the rules of the game say that the showmaster must open 98 of the other doors that all hold a goat, meaning only your door and another are remaining. In one of those is certainly the price. Will it be rather in yours or in the other? Remember that you chose randomly out of 100 doors while the shomaster had to take care not to take out the winning door when he took out the other 98 doors (unless it was already your number 27, then he could have chosen freely). So where is probably the price?"
Have... you ever tried to make a track in Ableton from a sample library?

While there's plenty of examples of crap lazy music out there, making good music electronically is in fact exactly the same: you spend years learning how it all works and how you can best adapt it to your own ambitions. Electronic music production is not like copy pasting some paragraphs together and calling it done. In fact, the versatility of digital production methods means that learning how to produce good music electronically is like learning not just a single instrument, but the whole dang orchestra sufficiently well enough you can compose for it.
Also in order to answer the question for yourself don't miss out [How to speak English like Einstein](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hmy-N4AFNDM) which may give you an idea of the personality we're talking about.
Autobib v0.4.0 released: auto-download missing entries to your BibTeX file
The feedback process of listening to the music you’ve created is almost as important as the score itself, which to me feels like a guide. Sure you can play the right notes in the right order, but smaller tempo and pressure adjustments are made by feeling the music. My girlfriend played piano for years and hated it, she can play almost anything, but it sounds horrible because she isn’t listening to and interpreting what she plays. That is where the joy of piano is for me.
Ah was waiting for my daily prion disease dose in hacker news!
That's a very important perspective, thanks for sharing. Your comment is actually the most interesting one I've read in this entire thread - it challenges my currently held beliefs. My current assumption was that, "all that offshoring and tax optimization stuff costs a lot of money and requires specialized skills, surely the rich would only do that to pay less taxes and keep more for themselves". But I see some very important additional factors in your comment, which I'll itemize:

> all the professionals I talked to were very straightforward with saying that trying to avoid taxes would bring more headaches than it was worth it

Good to know that the difficulty curve of tax avoidance is steep in the millionaire region, and that it's not obvious there's even a point in trying hard.

> Tax officers have no downside to suing even completely transparent transactions.

Minimizing risk of tax officers making mistakes or acting in bad faith.

> Said bureaucratic procedure would be a single docusign in a business-friendly jurisdiction (aka tax heaven)

Streamlining of legal/tax procedures.

> American private bankers find it a hassle to deal with developing country clients directly

Outsourcing the hassle to someone better suited to handling it.

> it is not beyond the realm of possibility that my government, or at least a few unsavory parties that could be in charge one day, decides that it wants to set a high wealth tax or outright confiscate investments and I don't plan on making that easy

Mitigating risk of unfriendly governance, similar to point 1.

I find points 2 and 3 particularly convincing - I can see "outsourcing hassle" to be a reason enough to create "an offshore structure". After all, quite a lot of things in a business is just finding way to outsource some hassle (and associated liability) onto someone better equipped for handling it. Taking all your points together, I can imagine a millionaire wanting to do this even if it would be a net loss of money for them. Time, peace of mind, lowered personal risk and less bureaucratic inertia in business activities are all worth a lot too (even if it's hard to estimate their dollar value).

You gave me something to think about.
What is the relevance/risk of time delay to retail investors involved in online cryptocurrency trading? What do you mean by that term?
This is not everyone, but if you've been writing scientific papers with LaTeX, you may have come across this issue.

You go to an online database (Inspire or ADS) to fetch some references for your paper. Then you have to copy/paste the entry twice, the key to your LaTeX document and the BibTeX entry to your .bib file. Doing redundant things is annoying, right? autobib removes the need to do the latter. You still have to look up the key online and cite it in your LaTeX document, but autobib downloads the entry automatically to your .bib file.
> It points literally 0% towards lab origin.

Even given the CGG codon? Sorry, not buying it. You can argue that its evidentiary value is weaker than the article suggests, but it's not 0%.
Yes, you’re right. That’s what I get for skimming the article.
To be fair, cancer does indeed lower your chances of getting Alzheimers.
You’re right in a sense that traits are continuous. But I think the notion of bifurcation point can be useful here. At some point there’s a dramatic change in how system behaves.
If everyone wants that however, it seems like an unsustainable game to play.

> Otherwise what’s the point?

The answer to that question defines a society. For most of recent history that was true with the exception of communist countries and many other interludes.
What is included in "taking from someone"? Am I allowed to purchase or gather cheap resources and make much more valuable products after applying skilled labor?
From your story, you seem to have very different "release parties" than what I have encountered.

The ones I'm talking about are ranging from "buy some nice beers and munchies and drink one in the office" to "hire a boat, bring a radio" to "have dinner together". Basically a friendly, shoulderpatting event amongst peers.

*Edit: obviously all pre-covid lockdowns and work-from-home.
MWI people keep making these strong claims and ignoring the very credible criticism of them.

https://www.quantamagazine.org/why-the-many-worlds-interpret...
The Warhammer community is made up of the most patient and tolerant people you’ll ever find. It’s inevitable: painting miniatures is an exercise in patience-building, and the fact that one will often play different sides of a never-ending conflict makes it very obvious that war between races solves exactly nothing. You can possibly take objection with some racist subtext (which is inevitable with anything originating from Tolkien’s “clash of civilisations” material, borne out of the tragedies in the first half of last century), and the fact that it’s a very white, very male subculture (simply out of causality: a slow and expensive hobby in very white countries will inevitably end up attracting people with time and money to spare - i.e. white men); but this does not result in a discriminatory community at all: warhammer players are often desperate to evangelise their hobby, and are extremely conscious of being a very small minority.

In the end, the whole Games Workshop lore is a mixture of “heavy metal” aesthetic, Tolkien tropes, and the “nihilism with a smile” reaction to Thatcher’s England that also gave us Dredd and “British Invasion” comic writers: if you take it too seriously, you become part of the joke.
> Use the correct fingering, dynamics, articulation, etc. from the very beginning; you are never going to get around to “fixing” it later.

As both a piano player and language learner I am often torn about this. On the one hand it’s better not to give your brain a chance to learn the “wrong” way, because then you trip up on that section over and over. But for language, my experience is that people who speak prolifically, even if it’s badly wrong, do better than those who speak less but make sure it’s always correct. I would love to know if there is any evidence as to which is better, and if it’s different for language than other skills like piano.
I don't even remember the mechanics of this game, but a few years ago I obsessively grinded out a small personal achievement: a DUHZ run where you only go into dungeon, depths, hell, and zot. That took a _long_ time. I don't even remember why it was difficult, just that it was really hard and I was very pleased with myself after. Would recommend.
Yeah. I subscribe to WSJ. Their reporting is usually pretty good. But their editorials and even pieces like this are driven by a capitol-over-labor ideology. They had no problem with massive corporate tax breaks. Large scale spending on the other hand is a boogey man.

The government has had its foot on the gas for a long time. The economic engine meat indeed be about to overheat. But this article is more a reaction to which gas pedal is being pressed not the risk of overheating.
Mushrooms = actually nutritional. Fake meat = highly processed oils which are not.

Just because you are on the spectrum does not mean junk food is healthy, kindly from another autistic.
> By fourth generation the wealth is completely destroyed.

It doesn't change the fact that free people, living in a free country, should be free to give their wealth to whomever they please, including their children.
Jokes aside, it depends on PostgreSQL, yes, but the packages provided by Ubuntu will do fine (postgresql postgresql-server-dev-12), magicmake can then be used to build the git HEAD version PostgreSQL. Figuring out all the packages required to build PostgreSQL with all features/options enabled can be tricky. The official instructions on building PostgreSQL from sources at [1] lists the following packages:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev flex bison libxml2-dev libxslt-dev libssl-dev libxml2-utils xsltproc

However, there are quite a few additional packages required if wanting to build with all options/features. These are the ones found by magicmake:

liblog-agent-perl lcov systemtap-sdt-dev llvm clang pkg-config libicu-dev libxml2-dev liblz4-dev libreadline-dev bison flex python-is-python3 zlib1g-dev libkrb5-dev libssl-dev libgss-dev libpam0g-dev libxslt1-dev libldap2-dev libsystemd-dev gettext tcl tcl-dev libperl-dev libpython3.8-dev libipc-run-perl dbtoepub fop libxml2-utils xsltproc libterm-table-perl libterm-readkey-perl libterm-size-any-perl

[1] https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Compile_and_Install_from_so...
I have used Python's REPL successfully before. You need to have an editor with a good "send to REPL" function. It works when you are writing a single script, like people do with Jupyter notebooks. I've worked with scientists over my shoulder in this fashion and it's really helped them understand what I'm doing for them.

Where it falls apart is when developing a "real" package that is split into several modules. You can't use it for that.
Yeah, the bit I missed is why paying them 60 dollars for an official looking "I was scammed" certificate actually helps with the refund process.

Also, my next thought was that if you actually wanted to buy replicas, and were okay with gambling your money, it would be possible to buy the fake that pretends to be real, and then get refunded, you get a decent fake for free (minus risking your money).

I guess you'd need to create new accounts as the pattern would become obvious over time, but I like the idea of fakers, and platforms that don't prevent it effectively paying the price rather than dumb consumers, especially since it reduces the utility of online shopping for me.
That's not where it started. Religion is where it started and continues to spew from.
> Wouldn't it become rather difficult to do identity statements without "is"?

Not really, depending on the language.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_copula
I picked a lot of mushrooms as a child, to the point I'd sometimes take classmates on detours through the forest near school to pick mushrooms on the way home.

The sheer amount of different tastes and textures is astonishing, despite having always been very cautious about avoiding picking any of the ones that can easily be confused with poisonous ones[1], which meant I also avoided plenty of edible species.

But as a child I hated Agaricus bisporus. I'd pick them off pizzas, and refuse to eat them in other foods. I tolerate them now, in small quantities, but your description is fitting. I think the only reason they remain so popular is that they're "easy" to grow, while for a lot of other mushrooms cultivation is still an ongoing challenge to do at scale.

[1] a caution here to anyone considering picking: pick up a book for beginners; find one that deals with your country and that lists common mistakes local to you and how to recognise them - e.g. people sometimes think they're recognising Agaricus bisporus or related edible Agaricus mushrooms, but are instead accidentally picking a young Amanita virosa, one of the most lethal mushrooms known. It's easy to do safely with a proper book, so I don't want to scare anyone off from doing it, as most places will have plenty of great edible mushrooms that there are no plausible local poisonous ones to confuse them with.
Very interesting! Do you have any links for me to learn more?

There are a few limits on what you can scan with only 3 mics. I detail everything in my article. Really suggest you read it.
I don't think it is a good example when we are talking abouz adcancement of civilisation and how the USSR helped with it. Because bio weapon research is not helpful with that I think.
I've been sent fake/copycat stuff via Amazon. Never had to return it for a refund.
I like the idea of Tau but "pi is wrong" is wrong. Pi is correct.

The pitch for Tau is as a replacement for Pi. That it is more logical than Pi.

Tau has an important lesson to tell: intuition is important and in many cases shifting things around so they're easier to create an intuitive understanding is often very trivial and boils down to aesthetic/representation choices.

Claiming that "pi is wrong" is picking a fight that doesn't need to be fought with a crowd that will not be convinced.

Instead, if I were a more full Tau advocate I would do more along the lines of Khalid from Betterexplained and seek to find other interesting intuitive takes on dry topics that are often taught by wrote.
I'm curious, if it's a "misfolding protein" (my knowledge of biology is not sufficient to know what "misfolding" means here, I understand that proteins fold, but "misfolding" is a mystery to me), then what is the reproducing mechanism?

My understanding is that viruses reproduce themselves by hijacking the DNA (or RNA?) in cells. DNA being a cell reproduction mechanism that copies protein structures. But what is it about a particular protein that can make itself reproduce and infect the body?
Definitely a 'Your Mileage May Vary' moment here. On guitar, I used to 'slog' rather than 'power through' a song. It took weeks before it came close to sounding like music. Now I start with a couple (tough) bars (think Doc Watson, Deep River Blues) and that bit sounds like music in a day or two. Plus, I find muscle memory develops much more quickly when I play the same bit over in a short time span.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VAbrnjdtYw