skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> In the philosophy of science and epistemology, the demarcation problem is the question of how to distinguish between science and non-science. It examines the lines between science, pseudoscience, and other products of human activity, like art and literature, and beliefs. The debate continues after over two millennia of dialogue among philosophers of science and scientists in various fields. The debate has consequences for what can be called "scientific" in fields such as education and public policy. [1]

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demarcation_problem

> The demarcation between science and pseudoscience is part of the larger task of determining which beliefs are epistemically warranted. This entry clarifies the specific nature of pseudoscience in relation to other categories of non-scientific doctrines and practices, including science denial(ism) and resistance to the facts. The major proposed demarcation criteria for pseudo-science are discussed and some of their weaknesses are pointed out. In conclusion, it is emphasized that there is much more agreement on particular cases of demarcation than on the general criteria that such judgments should be based upon. This is an indication that there is still much important philosophical work to be done on the demarcation between science and pseudoscience. [2]

2. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pseudo-science/

Obligatory XKCD: https://xkcd.com/435/
"Because psychology often does not meet the five basic requirements for a field to be considered scientifically rigorous: clearly defined terminology, quantifiability, highly controlled experimental conditions, reproducibility and, finally, predictability and testability."

Predictability and testability being the big problems. Science is prediction, not explanation. Psychology has a huge replication problem.

Advertising, though, has become a science. Predictability, testability, controlled experimental conditions, quantifiability - that's Google's business.
In this analogy I think that a law against is mugging is analogous to a law against financial scams like dogecoin. Of course the existence of the law won't prevent anyone from getting scammed or mugged, but it may reduce the frequency with which people get scammed or mugged, and it may reduce the incentive to scam or mug by introducing the threat of punishment for scammers/muggers.
Dutch govt grants $2.4 bln in subsidies to carbon storage project
People who are more susceptible to Covid are those who have compromised immune system: Overweight People, People with Diabetes, People who smoke etc. (underlying conditions)

And recently I've learnt that men with high testosterone level are more prone to infections.
What else do you do? If you don’t have a backup and need the stuff, you’re out of options.
No Flutter on Linux desktop
This is a series of made up facts. Real wages have increased over the last 10 years in the US [1] despite the fact that the money supply has increased substantially over the same period.

[1] https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/04/50-years-of-us-wages-...
>> drop a bomb on their electric plant

Not gonna happen. Because:
a) that would almost surely mean all-out war (in case of Russia/China - with country that has nukes), started by US
b) dropping a bomb on electric plant of country that has at least some air defense (and I think it's safe to assume Russia/China/Iran have plenty of that) is not simple
FWIW this was part of my life pre-pandemic; remote work from Italy is amazing, especially if you willing to try mingling in the evenings on the piazzas, or even enjoy a short shot-like coffee after your mid-day siesta.

But I mostly visited more frequented cities; remote work is fun, but preferably not in the middle of nowhere.

Also, I already felt like I'm taking advantage of the situation (and of the less fortunate Italian locals, whereas "we", the wealthier digital nomads use this opportunity as spoiled rich kids). I hope there will be a sustainable model in the future for these towns to welcome (and somewhat integrate) remote workers while respecting locals and their culture too.
Maybe that was better for society.

In those days, dare devils didnt last long.

Now, they can crash and kill, and drive again in a few hours.
"psychiatric diagnosis still relies exclusively on fallible subjective judgments rather than objective biological tests"

-Allen Frances

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Frances
This is really interesting and something I'd actually consider (even without the rent rebate), but based on the fact the website and application form are only in Italian and the contact information they request does not ask for country, I'm assuming this is targeting Italians in the city to come visit the countryside and hopefully stay.
Seems to be regional then; a large pizza in my area is 32 cm.
well it's not provocative, it's just stupid. The whole "oh safe spaces? See you're the real racist!" thing you can find in the youtube comment section of Ben Shapiro videos. You're not making some genius point here, you're just not familiar with the kind of experiences women face in these environments or lack the social intelligence to imagine it, like 95% of the HN audience.
Can someone explain to me the recent trend to add long quotes in Wikipedia articles?

Very often the article starts with a concise definition, some additional explanations and then it has some random long quotation. For example some random critic's opinion about a book.

Those quotes often do not provide much information - a concise text would simply be better.

I have a feeling that the idea is to make Wikipedia easier to use, when in reality it becomes harder to use

In fact those quotes often look like a hidden vehicle to try to promote the quoted person (if person X was quoted, but person Y was not quoted, then you could come to a conclusion that X is more important).
Considerations When Joining an In-Progress Project
thanks for the very interesting story. i never went beyond the prototyping stage for the products i designed. i always thought that small scale production would be an easy next step. i understand how wrong i could have been thinking it was "easy".
You can get them for around $3000 on auction sites.
That... Sounds more like Bezos and Blue Origin to me, from what I've heard.

[0] https://www.reuters.com/article/us-space-bezos-idUSKBN1772ZQ
Apropos to ransomware, network filers.

As the network gets more dangerous, old mechanisms aren’t safe to operate, so you transition to a cloud file solition.
Hyenas eat bones to supplement their calcium and phosphorus intake. Well-fed hyenas without such deficiencies would likely not bother.
Yep, economics definitely belongs in the social science field.

The problem is, even in the "hard" sciences a lot of research is hardly scientific. When it comes to human behavior it probably could be studied in a more thorough and methodical way, but for now we simply lack the tools. Today's psychology will be considered pseudoscience in the future, same as astrology which comes from a time when we knew nothing about other solar systems.
> very resilient

Aren't canned fish heated to 100C+ and then sealed in an anaerobic environment? What parasite can survive this?
I will not argue your point that there have always been many people from American who have not embodied the American ideals. However, there have been plenty that have. And millions more come here from countries all around the world to continue building that great future.

Ideals like:

"all people are created equal"

"government of the people, by the people, for the people"

"Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,"

"An individual has not started living until he can rise above the narrow confines of his individualistic concerns to the broader concerns of all humanity."
OK, thanks! That's really interesting and helpful. By the way, I'm sure you are aware, there's a ton of universities in the UK who right now have exactly this problem: Lecturers/professors/researchers living somewhere in the EU and commuting in for a few days per week during the semester. Their HR departments are freaking out because of it. They could use some help and maybe a special deal :wink: :wink:
Businesses, even private cannot just leak money/assets without explanation.
because the persistentList/Collection/etc in kotlinx implement the appropriate java collection interfaces:

import java.util.List;

public class Foo {
public static void blah(List<Integer> list) {
}
}

Kotlin:

import kotlinx.collections.immutable.persistentListOf

fun main(): Unit {
Foo.blah(persistentListOf(1,2,3))
}

This compiles fine
Oh, there's emotion there. No question about it. Not bitter. Angry, maybe. I made a really bad decision because I thought business was going to take off like crazy that year. We were running on all cylinders. It was going to be the culmination of a ten year effort.

You don't go through something like that without the emotion staying with you. Yet, if you are going to move on you have to be able to put it in a drawer and only look at it every so often just to make sure you are not going to do something dumb again. As time passes you have less time to make mistakes like that.
I consider myself somewhat sympathetic to the view being put forward, but this is just lazy writing.

> How does one measure happiness? Psychologists can’t use a ruler or a microscope, so they invent an arbitrary scale.

All scales are arbitrary. We measure length in meters for no reason other than the meter is a nicely human-sized measurement. I'd maybe even argue that the definition of a scale is that it's arbitrary, a mapping of /something/ onto the number line chosen in a way that the numbers are within "human" range.

The real difference being highlighted isn't anything to do with measurement, it's just a difference in dimensions. It's very obvious how we can compare 2 things in space-time dimensions, either they happened at different times that we can map onto our time scale, or they occupy different sizes in space that we can map onto our space scale. Emotions aren't quantifiable in these dimensions, but that doesn't mean we cannot create a space in which they are.

If the author would argue that happiness isn't a "thing" in the way "this piece of paper" or "1945" is, I think that argument can be had, and has been taking place over thousands of years of philosophy. To not even raise the question, but (in my eyes) to assume the answer as obvious, is, as I said, lazy writing.
I always found it a bit useless to be fussing over phrasing like this. What does it matter if we call it

expect(x).to(equal(y))

or

x.should_be(y)

or

assert_eq(x, y)

These are just different ways of saying the same thing. The first two aren't really better than the last at conveying what's going on.

Although I like Ruby and Rspec, this desire for "beautiful code" and "making the code read like English" never rhymed with me.
I think there is a set of problems to solve first before you can "solve reviews".

The first and biggest one (in my opinion) is global unique item identifiers for the products. This reduces the sheer ridiculous volume of reviews you have to contend with. The other problem this solves is that the "review" is now reasonably guaranteed to be attached to a product and not "seller plus product". This leaves very little wiggle room and incentive for dollar-store / drop-shipper / chinese knockoff sellers to fake reviews.
Or they control entire sectors of the economy.

https://www.pgcareers.com/assessment-overviews
I'd argue that it isn't really much less regulated on the China export side. There are still a mess of forms and certifications you have to get in order to export. The only difference is that your manufacturer and origin agent usually handle all this stuff for you.
As someone who has been at amazon for a bit and has been a single threaded owner (STO) for a few different things, autonomy and authority part is largely overstated in many orgs. In reality, most groups still have cross-functional overhead to get folks to agree to anything in many of the orgs I've seen and you have slightly more weight on the matter but still are expected to get this cross-functional agreement in many cases since functional leaders still exist. I no longer believe the phrase STO when it's used unless this leader clearly has the cross-functional team members reporting to them as well or the authority to move quickly without having to talk to their senior management.
Re why this categorization is important - not explicitly mentioned in the article: Science is a useful tool for learning new things, and developing new tech and guidance. By bringing attention to psychology's questionable adherance to scientific processes, you question the value it brings. This is important when evaluating the results of work produced by the field, and what actions to take based on them.

When something is categorized as "science", you make assumptions about it. Categorizing psychology this way is misleading, and devalues the categorization's purpose.
It stuck enough. I'm not really a Prince fan, but "The Artist Formerly Known as Prince" is what people called him for pretty much my whole childhood. He didn't use the name "Prince" 1993-2000, but it's my recollection that a lot of people kept calling him "The Artist Formerly Known as Prince" well in to the mid 200x's. Sure, eventually people went back to calling him just "Prince" once he was using that name again, but "The Artist Formerly Known as Prince" absolutely did stick for a number of years.
You don't have to put it into a savings account. I do the same thing but into a stock fund.
The corrollary to your point then is that all these fabs have immense idle capacity of exiting installed tools which they aren't using but retain simply because nothing ever "broke down"? Obviously that's ridiculous.

You're interpreting me pedantically while actually agreeing with my point, I think. Old processes don't have the capacity they used to[1]. If you don't like "stuff breaks" then how about "eventually the ROI on the equipment goes negative relative to the business so the line is idled and the fab real estate repurposed to make more profitable modern stuff." OK?

[1] Which, again, is just a "duh" kind of point and I can't believe we're arguing about it.
IN stage one micro economics on the first day the lecturer said: "Economics is a science because it uses mathematics"

Really very sad. Just because psychology (and economics) is not science, does not mean they are useless or untrue. Science is awesome, but not the only path to truth.
Consider alternatively that this is a tiny piece in the much broader puzzle of what they are trying to accomplish, that they are aware both of their own beginner status but also that, in this case, good enough will be good enough, or that they don't have the time or inclination to switch to a real parser and that's why they didn't ask about it. Or maybe even that the goal here is to specifically learn to use regex to solve a real software problem that they have. It's all a matter of interpretation of context that we don't have. As an asker of questions on SO where people provide answers to questions I specifically intended to not ask, this pattern of reading deeply into context we don't have is actually kind of annoying. Unless you provide both the answer to the actual question and then some guidance on how you really should be doing something. Those answers are very, very helpful.
Reminded of a great NPR podcast from years ago: a man with dark thoughts (about hurting his wife and child) goes to several therapists and is presented with wildly different often polar opposite techniques and approaches to helping him. One therapist even stopped returning his calls. Worth a listen/read.

https://www.npr.org/2015/01/09/375928124/dark-thoughts
Neuroscience replaces psychology.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience
The tanks the Red Army has in 1939 were of incredibly poor quality and many of them were barely even tanks by later standards.

You're also changing the goalposts. We're talking about 1939, not 1941, which was after two years of herculean production.

https://defense.info/re-thinking-strategy/2018/10/oil-and-wa...

By 1939 Germany was at less than half of its peak, and only 24% (replaceable, 1936 composition) came from Romania+USSR.
What may be more interesting are the correlations between personality types and occupations. For example, teachers tend to have a high level of empathy. That seems like it could be more interesting and rewarding to investigate. Similarly, pilots, cops, and soldiers all tend to have high levels of aggression. Arguably most interesting is the beer industry where brewers tend to be extremely open to a fault while distributors tend not to have much openness and score high on other factors.

Taken together this tends to indicate that the overall life outcome correlations are as usual as likely to mislead as inform. What makes more sense is to see how individuals match with roles and tasks and how diverse individuals can cooperate to make the most of each of their best talents.
So, does anyone wanna guess how many reuses SpaceX will get out of a booster?
The Next Step After DevOps and GitOps Is Cloud Engineering, Pulumi Says
On one level this is the same thing as a biologist saying "there's no such thing as a fish". The semantic category of "fish" includes sharks, bony fish, lung fish/coelecanths and lampreys and hagfish. They're only distantly related.

On another level, should we obtain knowledge of a distant, life-filled world orbiting a distant star, we could expect it to be forested by woody plants, and filled with crabs.
Plus you have a number of disadvantages - cost of complying with commercial laws, likely reduced credit score, no legal right to time off, your entire wealth might be on the line etc
I'd say that inheritance, with method overriding, is the worst anti-pattern of mainstream OOP, which contains a number of otherwise sound ideas, like encapsulation.

I like the Go's approach to that (taken from Oberon), and the Rust's system of traits.

In one large codebase I saw there was a rule to make classes either abstract (without implementation of key parts), or final. Everything else is done via interfaces and composition.

See https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition_over_inheritance
I personally think composition is better in almost every imaginable case. But I suppose that's an argument for another thread.
I have yet to find any IQ test with any value whatsoever. Maybe the one I had in school, and the one on the web are bogus, but if it's not the case, finding small patterns and recognizing space transformed shapes are really the ground level of thinking. No multilinear or non linear relationship, no fractal / self similarity. That's not even HS abstraction levels.. I really don't get it.
That's not true as back in Bulgaria we had a trick - you want to get a fever and skip school, you eat a raw potato. And you can't skip school eating a baked one - that's for sure!
The first lion seems in a bad shape, though. That being said, the video mentions that he strayed a bit from his family's territory. Which suggests that lions are not that safe alone.
Yep. Wikipedia and Linux are true marvels of collaboration.
your words and I’m not familiar with those influencers

Is the way they are addressing it compatible with existing laws? Do you see how easy that is for me to have zero emotion on this, your turn. Think of it as a standardized test question, you have to answer those based on accuracy.
Well, some people just want to be weird. I recommended his raw soybeans, too!
They just hire them as "contractors" but provide sufficient benefits to make up for it.
You can see the definition of a shortage here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortage

The tl;dr is that a shortage is when there are people who are willing to pay more than the market price for an item but something is preventing the market from raising prices.. either because of laws against price gouging, price caps, or because manufacturers have some other incentive not to raise prices.
Hey thanks this is exactly what I would need. So it can be done - it's just a matter of convincing HR to go the extra mile. "Just" ;)
When will Covid be over, any guesses
They mention there online tools that allow to spot fake reviews. Anybody knows which ones they mean? E.g. as a browser extension?
Taking into account that it’s just text, I consider it huge.
Anyone have experience doing something like this as a non-Italian speaker? It sounds very nice but I also have a bad feeling about navigating Italian provincial bureaucracy without a strong grasp of the language.
I'm disappointed that the author didn't at least address his issues with operationalization. Leaving it out makes the peice read like a freshman essay.
The happiness scale is arbitrary because it lacks reproducibility. The metric system is standardized such that every time you measure the length of something in the physical world that measurement is reproducible.
I think that everyone building their own computer has to compromise something right now. I couldn't find any ECC when I built my machine last year, so I live without it. It sucks, but global pandemic and all. Next time around it will be better. As much as we hate scalpers driving up the price of computer parts, the cost does translate to availability. So you can pay $2000 and have the latest thing right now, and maybe between when the price drops $500 because of increased availability you will have earned more than $500 because of the increased productivity. Or, maybe no amount of performance will make you $500, and you just want a $35 Raspberry Pi to cut your losses.

(Once you're willing to spend $2000, you might as well just get a 3970 and have twice as many cores, if you can tolerate higher latency in exchange for higher throughput. I have a 3970 and definitely benefit from the throughput more than I would benefit from lower latency, even if it's quite noticeable. For example, some games are bottlenecked by the CPU, which is annoying. But, if you want consistent 360 fps in every game, you're spending an infinite amount of money for no financial gain anyway, so the cost-based reasoning goes out the window.)
Note it's an opinion piece. There are many branches of psychology and some of them have pretty solid foundations. Yes, there are still more questions than answers in many areas, but so is in physics once you get to the boundaries of the micro- and macrocosm (although in psychology, I'd argue, we're still very much behind when compared do physics and other hard sciences).

At the end of the day, what counts is whether the experiments confirm the theory or not. Practically speaking, in the 'applied-psychology' field of psychotherapy there is at least one method, CBT, that has been battle tested and is widely used for curing various disorders such as fobias. From the scientific point of view, no psychotherapeutic study will ever be classified as scientific as it's inherently impossible to conduct a double-blind study (single-blind is the maximum you can get). Nevertheless, for all intents and purposes, CBT is working and is helping people statistically more than a simple talk with a friend or religious rituals (which also have their efficacy levels).

Granted, "For the past few months I felt bad, but now I feel quite good" is not very scientific, but has enormous value for people who are being helped in this way. Instead of stigmatizing psychology as non-science, we should promote approaches that favor reproducibility and proved to be efficient in practice.