skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Here's what the history looks like over 50 years from 1962 to 2011, so not quite 70 years and a little out of date, but today's numbers would hurt your case even more:
https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2012/05/14/152671813/50-y...

In the early 60s military spending was half the federal budget, today it is around 16%.

Social security was 13% of the budget in 1962, today it is 23%. Medicare did't exist in 1962, today it is 17% of the budget. Medicaid didn't exist in 1962, today it is 9% of the budget. Other safety net programs that did not exist in 1962 include CHIP, the ACA, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and the Child Tax Credit.

If there is a 70-year project to gut government it has been a massive failure, government spending has grown at the same rate as the economy. 70 years ago, the majority of the federal budget was military spending. About half the budget today is Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid, without taking into account the dozens of other social service programs.
When I was in college, we would set the process name of the MUD client to whatever WordPerfect used on the VAX so we wouldn't get busted for playing games during non-gaming hours. Of course the sysadmins saw right through the charade, but it was fun to feel like you were getting away with something for half a minute.
> I suspect the true total cost was a fair bit higher due to a hosting arrangement.

Untrue.

When the goal is to buy Blogger - a goal that is being progressed towards by Automattic - money saved on the Tumblr acquisition is useful.
Some universities provide distributed computing resources.

Example: https://www.psc.edu/resources/allocations/

A primary mission of the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center is to train students, including undergraduates, in high performance computing. To this end, PSC offers Coursework allocations which are grants of free supercomputing time to supplement other teaching tools.

Typically, Coursework allocations have been used in heavily quantitative subjects, such as numerical methods, computational fluid dynamics, and computational chemistry. But we encourage all fields, including the social sciences and humanities, to take advantage of Coursework allocations.
No whitewall is just a print shop, you have to give them the image
The raw cost of Alecensa is around $18,000/month, if I recall correctly. Medicare covers all but $800 of that, once the copays are spent.
> Low rates juice equity returns and the biggest beneficiaries are large tech companies with really strong cashflow and low capital requirements.

Shouldn’t it really juice okay companies with high debts? Or with high capital requirements because the interest cost on capital projects just went down?
A couple other perhaps more useful quotes from the same article:

“Despite Trump’s assertions, few close observers of Obama’s and Biden’s response to H1N1 consider it a “full scale disaster.” And Biden, despite his early messaging problems, played a role in mobilizing the administration and ensuring enough resources were devoted to defeating the pandemic.”

And just some of the “lessons learned” section:

“ To keep Ebola from spreading further beyond Africa, the administration, which already had dispatched 3,000 troops to West Africa to help contain the spread, had to send public health workers to the affected countries via commercial airlines. This would not be dangerous unless a person was exposed to the blood or other bodily fluids of an Ebola victim. But pilots, passengers, airport workers and others in American cities from which the workers came and went had to be put at ease about the possible spread of the contagion.”

“Fauci was dispatched to cable news shows. Employing another lesson of the H1N1 days, Klain recruited the CDC's Frieden to join him in briefings to add medical credibility to the administration’s assertions.”

2009 may have been luck. They learned things, put together a plan, that plan was trashed by the new administration.
Ask HN: What should I build with my GPT 3 beta API access?
I signed up for the API a while ago and now I got access but I honestly don't know what to build.

What would you build if you had access?
We see about the same numbers Whereby does at Daily, globally across our whole user base. Bounces around a little but is usually just under 20%.

Way more for customers that are mostly serving corporate users, of course (firewalls). And more for mobile-heavy user populations.

Actually, that's a good reminder that it would be nice to understand the mobile data networks breakdown in more detail. Most of the US mobile data networks require TURN, as far as I remember when I last looked at this. But I don't know if that's true everywhere in the world.
Land is like attention: finite and there are no substitutes. Both are critical components of the economy.
We had this StudeNT Vista thing and yeah it was so much fun finding exploits.
I beg your pardon? Even translation of pure text (and not numbers, date, currency) relies on locale data, like plurals and genders. It's just way more elegant to have this data inside a React context instead of importing a global translator or passing in locale data whenever needed (dangerous repetition).
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Willful ignorance?
Peter Sunde: dark.fail domain was hijacked through fake court order
Who doesn't want twice as much time? I wish I didn't have to sleep sometimes. But if my wish came true I still wouldn't have enough time. Alas, we all have to decide what to spend our time on and, therefore, what not to spend our time on.

Nowadays everyone in society is lured into higher education and paid work. They naturally grow their lifestyles to fit the dual income and things are looking good. Then all of a sudden they're running out of time to reproduce but now nobody has any time to dedicate to it.

Where did it all go wrong? Women are trading husbands for bosses. Seeking freedom as a gear in the corporate machine, working to line the pockets of billionaires instead of cleaning their own houses, cooking their own food and, yes, raising their own children.

Expect more and more women to come forward as they realise that choosing to be a wage slave probably wasn't the best idea after all.
Or on a single modern smartphone?
I'd like to clarify that my code was running only on machines that were otherwise idle. Not many people were in the lab late in the evenings. MPQS processing nodes could be added and removed dynamically, so if somebody needed a computer that was part of my cluster, they could just quit my program and everything would go back to normal.

Also, once the number theory professor learned of what I had implemented, he worked out an agreement with the lab manager to give me legitimate access to the machines. :)
Georgism is not so much a solution looking for a problem as a problem looking for an excuse to be inflicted.
Dark.fail Got Hijacked
I agree that the post isn't flag-worthy, but I don't think the content is very relevant to the community either. Although the Gates Foundation and Microsoft share the same founder, the former is nothing like the latter.
"A *fucking* link.

Jeasus christ, middle clicking i'snt the answer all the time.
I concur. Analyses might come along that will make this story a better fodder, but for now it's probably not substantiative enough.
I think a large part of it is that the good things are so hard to describe and the bad things are pretty universally understood.

Trying to describe the way time comes to a complete stop when your infant child gazes into your eyes and you look back and you feel a connection that quite literally can't be put into words, makes it really hard to talk to people about it. On the other hand almost everyone can imagine what it would be like to have to deal with that same infant having an explosive bowel movement that exceeds the capacity of their diaper to contain it. And so, when pressed to talk about something related to child rearing people fall back on the sleepless nights (we've all been tired), the crying, the dirty diapers, etc. Because talking about the good feels like trying to describe falling in love to someone who's never done that before.

With that said, I generally try to catch myself these days when I am unfairly weighing one side of the equation and express what an absolute blessing having kids has been and how much richer they've made my life. I think many (most) people who have kids feel the same.
That’s not a lot for a 2BR with a reasonable commute to New York.
Taxes on financial transactions, e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobin_tax
> agreed that it’s unusual

Ok, well lets just go with that then. When people who do things like spend a decade in isolation, and then use that example in the writings about clubhouse, well that is what I am talking about.

There is no need to talk about a voicechat app, in this way, or take such a person seriously, as a normal example, of a normal opinion on a voice chat app.
You're enacting a no hire rule for 30 people specifically?
Location: NYC
Remote: Yes
Willing to relocate: No
Technologies: Python, machine learning, data science, nlp, graph algorithms
Résumé/CV: By request
Email: bgoncalves at gmail dot com
This and `pandoc` are solid proof that Haskell is a superb language for processing structured text (be it for compilation, or translation, or checking).
Despite many false alarms, Linux malware scares still abound
Apart from using hacking to overcome imposed limitations such as these, I am amazed by the number of times I had to use my chops to overcome what was simply a bug. Opening the web inspector is such a normal moment of dealing with other people's websites, I have no clue how people manage without it.

I was very... surprised when I managed to productively use "javascript:(some code)" in the URL bar of the browser of my phone once when I was stuck in the airport probably like 10 years ago and needed to do something that just wasn't working normally. Now that we're used to smart phones it probably sounds quite basic but it was absolutely weird back then.
That explains why the story on Michael Lewis’ new book got sent to page 3. Seems to be controversial.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27030283
Location: Ulm, Germany
Willing to relocate: yes, even preferred
Remote: Possible
Technologies: Python, C++, Django, Git, Docker
CV: https://ketzu.net/CV/
Email: david.moedinger@ketzu.net

I am currently finishing my PhD in compsci in Germany at the institute for distributed systems and would prefer to relocate to east Asia.
In a public lab that is used frequently, I believe this would be viewed quite negatively. Not from a "you hacked our systems" perspective but a "it could have been damaging to other students' education if things had gone wrong". To make the differentiation somewhat more clear, filling up a bucket of water from the bathroom sink to clean something vs. removing all the shower heads and making a super funnel of hoses to spray wash your car outside. The former activity is clearly much less likely to cause issues with other students. If the computer lab was in some basement used by 3 students throughout the year, I don't think anybody would care.

Building on that, many universities have computational resources for any level of needs as long as they are justified. Free network storage to last a lifetime and access to computer clusters that comes with your university email. Upgraded computer clusters for class projects, personal research (like this), or really any legitimate need (as long as you don't say something like "I want to mine bitcoin") is an email away from the university IT. The next level would be the university's super computer that generally needs a short proposal to justify the academic purpose. When these systems are in place now, it is kind of hard to justify these type of things.

Edit: The author of the post put a comment basically confirming that things haven't really changed. He was being respectful (low usage lab, allowed people to stop his programs if they needed a computer, low impact to others, etc.). He was given access to more legitimate resources afterwards at the request of the professor. Not as easy as it is now, but that's Moore's law.
Just to add a clarification for the rest of HN, since this is a common source of confusion... Every cancer has gene mutations. Typically these mutations are only present in the cancer cells and are not there from birth. They don't indicate a hereditary predisposition to getting cancer.

Really sorry to hear what your family is going through. This kind of stuff is never easy to deal with.
It goes into that in the article and states it was one of the ways to make the liberalization of zoning digestible by allowing concerned communities being able to opt out under certain democratic conditions.
The general concepts are described here: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychoacoustics

I'm not sure what you mean by converting the spectrogram to sound, but my guess is that the windowing done on the short-time Fourier transform is causing artifacts.
In WW2 it was clear when the bombing stopped
The best best part of Shellcheck is that the errors it produces have a short code that can be looked up in their wiki. The wiki explains what you did, why it’s bad, and how to fix it. Using Shellcheck teaches you to write better Bash, rather than just yelling at you with inscrutable linter violations.
Wow, sorry to hear that

non-paywall version: https://archive.ph/ZFxY3
Better is pretty subjective. But there are quite a few I'd say are also reasonable to consider. How healthy is the average person living there? How happy is the average person living there? Is the development sustainable or will it create problems in the future?

Many gold rush boom towns pulled a lot of strings to get enough housing, tents, taverns or tenements to house their populations. Would we call most of those towns well planned? Even successful?
Yeah whatever, go fuck yourself.
"Together, DeJoy and Wos may claim up to a total $75,815,000 in assets from U.S. Postal Service competitors, according to government records."

https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/08/13/fac...

Trump appointed Mick Mulvaney as director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. "Mulvaney in a 2014 interview slammed the CFPB as a “sick, sad” joke; he also co-sponsored legislation that would have eliminated it."

https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/11/27/16704796/...

"President-elect Donald Trump may nominate former Texas Gov. Rick Perry to lead the Department of Energy—the agency Perry wanted to abolish but infamously forgot to name during a 2011 presidential debate." [Perry went on to be Trump's Secretary of Energy, and it can out that prior to taking the job, he didn't even know what the department did.]

https://time.com/4598910/rick-perry-department-energy-oops-g...

Anti-government activists oppose measures to make filing taxes easier so you'll dislike them more: "Norquist has fought California’s ReadyReturn program, as well as the idea of free federal tax preparation." (Norquist is the one who famously said he wanted to shrink government "to get it down to the size where we can drown it in the bathtub," as quoted in this thread.)

https://inthesetimes.com/article/irs-tax-return-filing-diffi...

Those are just the ones I can think of off the top of my head. So yes, active sabatoge from within is happening, and its not even a secret.
You are right. I misunderstood the question.

I thought it was about the language as efficient tool not about performance. The Unreal engine is not even using data oriented design (at least for most parts), so I was assuming C++ sufficient efficiency was out of question. I agree with your argument, that the games would probably be faster. Game object processing is probably not the most pressing issue in games regarding performance, so I guess the impact would be not that visible (when talking about the stuff that is implemented in C++ in game engines).
You can already buy devices that display estimates of blood alcohol concentration derived by measuring breath alcohol concentration. I’ve never heard of any of their vendors being successfully sued on the theory you present. I doubt a unit somehow measuring it through the skin would be any different.
I'd say it may have an inverse effect.

Build a nice house on your lot, pay a ton every year.

Stay in a shack on that same lot, save a ton every year.
Thoughts on Software Rewrites
I would challenge the assertion in your first line. To take an extreme example: Suppose we all agree that a horrible and unethical act (the Nazi’s medical experiments, for example) had lasting positive impacts for millions of people, tipping the scales in favor of net benefit.

In that case, I don’t think many people would consider the Nazi’s experiments okay, merely because one set of people benefited “more” than another set suffered.

I do not draw similarities between the vaccines and Nazi atrocities, I only challenge the idea that “do no harm” can be reduced to a utilitarian balancing of good/harm across an entire population.
Hah, fair enough, HPC clusters are certainly more common than when I went to school. In that case, take the "like" to be a generalization (how I meant it): A student (or students) pushing the limits of the existing rules and infrastructure to accomplish something productive or interesting. Yes, it breaks some rules, but what's a typical reaction anymore? Do they get hired by the university or pushed to work with particular researchers like when I was starting school or do they get pushed out or punished like when I was wrapping up college?
Good question. Pure view components are incredibly easy to test and reason about. State management usually gets put into hooks that the controller component uses, which are also easier to test. You can have a nice set of unit tests for the hooks and the view components, and then a few "e2e" or integration type tests for the whole thing. Separating code into groups like this can also make it easier to find things. It also lends itself to nice reusable components.
They're definitely more than simple functions if you look at it from the the entire application point-of-view. With components you have access to context and lifecycle. Doing:

import someFunc from 'someFunc';

// ...
return someFunc();

is not the same as:

import SomeComponent from 'SomeComponent';

// ...
return <SomeComponent />
Feel free to poke holes. I didn't model velocity but that's been generally flat for decades, making it a non factor.
Thank you for the excellent job you do here, Dan, and for taking the time to explain decisions. I know from moderating another, much smaller community, how difficult and thankless of a task it can often be. But thank you.

Is there somewhere that the inner workings of HN upvoting, flagging and moderation are detailed so that people can understand how it all (or most of it) works?

I understand that some things you'd want to keep mum about to avoid vote manipulation.

In any case, I hope you have a great week.
I agree that I don't see a huge advantage to using a Translation component over a useTranslation hook, but I think the useTranslation hook can sometimes make sense over a plain old JS function, because you might want that hook to grab stuff from React context or even fetch data from the server using useEffect. It might not be feasible to have a plain old JS function with all internationalization data for all supported languages.
BP monitoring would be massively useful. Unless I’m missing something, there isn’t an existing product on the market which measures blood pressure without some kind of inflatable cuff. For people who need to measure BP regularly, this would be quite literally life changing.
In France it's currently illegal to go outside after 7pm, all gyms, museums, cinemas are closed, and all restaurants and bars are take-out only (not even outdoor dining). Of course a mask mandate indoors and outdoors, but I agree that's not a huge inconvenience relative to the others...

Those are just the restrictions actively enforced. Technically one can't go more than 10 km from their house, but I'm not sure how much that's really enforced.
I’m looking for a startup that has de-risked their product and distribution. Series-A is usually a signal of that.
You're right that it's not a dictatorship but it's also not democratic. Not only in its government institutions but simply there is no civil society at all. From my personal experience there I've never been in a country that is so utterly devoid of politics as such. Life there feels like living in an over-sized company town, not a nation.
I have found better success personally with "presentational vs container" instead of "view vs controller" as you describe it.

For example, a checkbox IMHO would be better considered a presentational component even if it manages the small bit of state it needs for it to work. Same with many of the state management that is around "visual" changes.

The point where I normally decide to split it up like you say into sub-components is just when the component becomes too complex.
It sounds like you disagree with Georgism. Personally, it makes a lot of sense to me, so I was wondering if you wouldn't mind elaborating on your complaint.
What's the difference between a mail address and a street address?
First, for something like this, the details matter a lot. How many bits of randomness is this, how many bits used for the timestamp, what's the format, why does it yield the advantages claimed, and most of all, how does it provide collision resistance? Is it using a MAC address (like UUID v1/v6) or a custom namespace (like UUID v5), or what?

In this case...looking at the code.... It exposes two formats.

Format 1: 4 bytes to store the number of seconds since a custom epoch of... Sep 13 2020 12:26:40, and 12 bytes of randomness. Puzzling choice.

Format 2: 8 bytes to store the number of nanoseconds since the same custom epoch, and 8 bytes of randomness.

And the collision resistance...doesn't exist at all; it's just relying on 12 (or 8) bytes of randomness and a time prefix. Which seems like it'll be totally fine in practice, but if you actually care about collisions (and in my experience, almost everyone who thinks they do really doesn't), this is unlikely to be an optimal choice.

Functionally, I think this is closest to KSUIDs (https://github.com/segmentio/ksuid) which are also the result of combining a timestamp (with a custom epoch) and some randomness, and then concatenating them in a way which is not a valid UUID, will work efficiently as a DB index, and is extremely unlikely to collide. But KSUIDs are much more widely adopted and better documented.
Millions Are Saying No to the Vaccines. What Are They Thinking?
> wanted to move there

Correction. It grew because lots of people did move there. People move despite their personal feelings all the time.