skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> but the question is why even have that opportunity

I have provided a valuable use case above, and creating a structure allowing convenient use cases while preventing inconvenient ones would be extremely costly.

> But it's not great at modeling or encouraging boundaries.

What features are you missing specifically? You cited the need to "keep units bounded", but most FP langs provide the ability to contain implementation details within modules, by not exporting them.

> Imagine doing FP where all your types cease to exist for part of your codebase, but also you need to interact with the code where the types are. Even more, imagine if those two modules may fail independently (i.e. so you lose one of them).

I've had to deal with antiquated DBs containing unreliable data using flaky drivers, and while working with legacy can be painful sometimes, the FP paradigm caused no specific trouble.
That’s the real question.

I avoid even trying to use UML , because it just ends up in an argument about whether I’ve used it correctly, and is a distraction from whether the information displayed is correct.
> Forgive me if I've absolutely no faith in anything the government touches anymore.

do you drive on roads
There are other options in this class, such as the Nyx Tracker at $125.
Not sure why you included the necessary gate-keeping. If you do the same things engineers do, you are an engineer. You may not be a good one, but you still count.

> I can't even come close to working with those actual engineers,

Then how do you know they still use UML if you've never been around them?
Renderman 24 which is currently in beta and planned for release in 2021 will support Blender as a full authoring 'bridge' tool (same as Maya, Houdini and Katana).
It flickers the content, then crashes. Don't remember 4Chan ever doing that (hint: make it server rendered)
There might be reasons for everything, but all those reasons soon become irrelevant when you try to merge a code that also changed the project file. Have fun. Xcode project generators at least solve this somehow, but they'll always play the chicken & egg game with upstream, and something won't work properly or needs nasty hacks.
IIRC, PRMan has been for sale since late 1980s. ILM used it for some special effects in The Abyss in 1989 when Pixar had already been spun off.
It's alive and well in enterprise projects where Solution Architects need to micro-manage frequently-replaced, Acceptance-Criteria-driven, non-thinking contractors.
I stand corrected. I'd attribute my false confidence to the fact that even the previous version (macOS 10.4 Mojave) is still supported. But now that I think about it that'll likely change at the Apple WWDC in June.

Still, decently satisfied with ~10 years of software support for a laptop.
He just described, well, most web APIs. Client POSTs to some endpoint, the server responds with 200 and a payload. Application-level errors are part of the payload.

Trying to merge the application API and HTTP concepts (like HTTP methods and HTTP response codes) seems to mostly just be a REST thing. Most other APIs treat HTTP as a transport layer in my experience.
> NY and CA are bleeding people with money.

Every analysis I've seen is that (1) CA has small net domestic out-migration, but (2) the domestic out-migrants are significantly less well off the domestic in-migrants, and (3) at least before the last couple years (Trump immigration restrictions and then the pandemic probably changed this in the short term, but neither is likely to persist in current form and effect) the net domestic out-migration was more than balanced by international immigration.

California isn’t bleeding “people with money”, its bleeding “Americans without money”. Which is in part a sign of real issues that should be addressed, but its also in large part a symptom of success and the rich outbidding the poor for limited real estate.
Is there a general diagram with the expressivity of UML statecharts?
Yes. They’re capable of handling about as complex task now as they were 11 years ago. If that’s the case, their relative value has not increased beyond that of their 1-year experienced peer.
Yes.

It's nice to ge an overview, but I don't bother to maintain these diagrams.
Or perhaps you could argue living in a cheap place in the middle of nowhere allows a more spacious and comfortable work environment which is more productive and thus produces better work, so someone living like that should get more money, not less.
Doesn't Doxygen give you code-> UML structure and collaboration diagrams pretty much for free? It also supports a wide variety of languages.
Given your example, the rich local tax payer is a direct beneficiary of the park they helped fund through local taxes. Who is the beneficiary of their uncapped deductions? The rich local tax payer is the obvious primary beneficiary, and indirectly the local government may be a benefactor to this uncapped deduction. Meanwhile, the rich local tax payer pays fewer federal taxes, the wealthy area in which this tax payer lives gets a new park, which further increases property values in an already rich area. Rich get richer. What's not to like?

Forgive me if I take the position that if a rich local tax payer wants a park, they should pay for the park and not expect the federal government to allow them to deduct that expenditure. They're directly benefitting from the park. If they don't like the high local taxes, then they can accept the trade-off of living in a lower taxed area. Who knows, maybe the rich person moving to that area will help spread the wealth instead of pooling those tax dollars in a few exclusive areas?
Ton Roosendaal has been a great steward for Blender. It has been one of the best examples on how to manage an opensource project.
I would imagine this not being the case if they can show that the customer downloaded a DRM free copy of the content at any point. After that it is the customer's problem to keep access to the downloaded copy.
Wireshark 3.4.5 Released
Why isn't there a list of sexist scientific heros on Wikipedia? Seems like a good place for it. Name and shame them easily, efficiently, publicly, and with sources.
Also the level of detail that UML demands always turns out to be imprecise once coders end up implementing specs. So it's a place where enough formality is required to be a PITA to model but where it falls just short enough of the specifics a programmer will need once they get to actually building out the product.
I would not love to work with you. That's for sure. I'm 24 years old, one of "those they started calling engineers because they know a bit of linux".

But people don't call us engineers just because we know a bit of linux. It's mainly because we solve problems, just as well as you do.
Ask HN: What is your favorite daily-use object?
My Yeti insulated coffee mug makes every morning a little bit better
There's pretty convincing evidence that you own that computer. Your ability to use it in some fashion (e.g. as a hammer) is not dependent on Apple permitting that use.
A Short Introduction to MIDI
So important that they haven't bothered to create a protobuf generator for Kotlin, the primary development language for their own mobile operating system.
I want to corroborate this. I have ridden between NYC, Boston, and Chicago dozens of times, a very nice trip. Heading west, we generally to Albany-Renssalear on time, make the connection, and proceed on time. Even in winter snow.

The number of times it has not been delayed by freight after that, crossing upstate New York, numbers in the single digits.

For some reason eastbound seems to fare better, but still no guarantees.
This is positive for Nuclear Plants. The fear of melt downs and ongoing mutations can be put to rest. This study will likely be used to push forward on Nuclear energy as a sustainable source.
This article contains no science, feel free to ignore.
I think it was made big by Rational and some bigger name consultants.
As someone who has maintained such a system, there is a very real risk of this.

If the app is content-heavy, and that content varies between each instance of the app, they're more likely to be okay with it, but it is still a difficult road fraught with pain and risks.
I think the big hope for UML was code generation, so UML->code, but the problem was, when manual fine-tuning of the generated code was needed, there was no functioning process of code->uml.
I used to be a general contractor. I kinda know how government building contracts are handed out.

In order to bid on a project, the government needs three bids from three from three different companies.

In my county, we have continual road, sewer, communications work. It's almost like it's never ending work that doesn't get completed?

I live in the lovely liberal enclave of Marin County.

I noticed, in my county, there is one company that gets All the work. (A very old company. If you live here you know it's Italian name.)

A few years back I started looking at the competing three bids. I looked up the heads of the companies that were bidding.

What I found was surprising.

In many cases the three companies that bid on a government job had a family member, related to the company that gets all our county work, on their contractor's licenses.

It looks like the Italian family sent their kids/grandkids to Sacramento to pass a very easy test, and had them set up "separate" companies.

Why--so at bidding time the three companies would be eesntially bidding against themselfs.

The winner of the "rigged" bid gets the contract essentially for the Italian family that gets all the jobs, and keeps the never ending road infrastructure jobs going.

The companies must share equipment, and employees? I guess it's all legal?

So---if you ever wonder why one company seems to get all the contracts, it might now be that it's the best company.

I do understand it takes millions in machines to build projects, and not every company has the equipment.

I just feel like the system is rigged, and not more efficient than many government run projects.

When there no real competition, and politicians who are way out of their expertise, granting the OK for a huge job; the private company can pretty much do whatever it wants, and blame the slowdown on the, "infarculator of the ground water table rod of thelvin, and that's why it's taking so long Chief?"

(Some projects have Performance Bonds. Many do not require them. Those ongoing projects where they seem to did up a road, and repair it, then dig it up again; most likely don't have Performance Bonds.)
To be fair, when doing the naïve thing, the compiler will tell you what you need to do and (tersely) explain why it is needed:

error[E0369]: cannot add `&str` to `&str`
--> src/main.rs:4:15
|
4 | let z = x + y;
| - ^ - &str
| | |
| | `+` cannot be used to concatenate two `&str` strings
| &str
|
help: `to_owned()` can be used to create an owned `String` from a string reference. String concatenation appends the string on the right to the string on the left and may require reallocation. This requires ownership of the string on the left
|
4 | let z = x.to_owned() + y;
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^

This used not to be the case and tripped people up. some even after being told why it is like this disagree that anyone should care.

Rust is aiming at being performant. The thesis is that having a clarity on the actual behavior of code when reading it helps on this front. Because of this, you need to write more code than you would in other languages, while the upside is that when reading Rust code you can be fairly certain of what the code is doing in the final binary, without any thresholds at play changing the generated code from, for example, monomorphization to dynamic dispatch because you added a method or yet another instance. It's a trade-off. A language that didn't target the embedded and systems space could take all of Rust and radically simplify it, making it closer in experience and performance to Swift. That doesn't mean that the Rust project won't attempt to make things easier to use and write. A possible future move could be to make `Cow<str>` be the default string people actually use, with `&str` continuing to be the preferred argument and relegating `String`s to specialized cases, probably mostly data buffers.
>If you do the same things engineers do, you are an engineer

A very American perspective!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Council_of_Profession...
I don’t think the “using UML” phrase is significant in that statement.

It seems weird that “No one is willing to waste time” updating diagrams, yet everybody who encounters a new large code base starts drawing diagrams.

It’s not clear to me whether making it easier to update diagrams or making it required (say by having the diagrams be part of the source code, without which the code won’t compile. There have been several attempts writing such systems, but none has become popular) will help there. Maybe, the act of drawing such diagrams (as opposed to looking at them) is essential for learning a code base.
Music does not have DRM (which is great!), but everything else you can purchase does—books, audiobooks, movies, apps, etc.
Pretty dumb opinion article.
Interesting point of view. The article is not really only about UML, but about formal specifications in general, and how Agile's rise affected them.
I think, some diagrams are nice tools, but the way we learned it at university was overkill.

We had whole semester long classes solely focused on designing systems with UML.

In my job I never did this ever again.
Just putting this out there: stdlib - a standard library for js, https://stdlib.io/.
I don't think that there is anything to get. It was probably a semi-random submit and the hivemind was in the mood to click on it.
Sometimes Xcode opens files on my computer like Json and XML as a default. I just know that everytime I accidentally open a file, I’m screaming to myself inside, “No, no” as the splash screen begins loading. I also find Xcode as my forcing factor to keep upgrading MacOS.
The consequence of which is men doing all the dangerous and dirty jobs no one else wants, particularly working-class men who don’t have other options. Doesn’t that sound like discrimination?
Train travel in the US is just too inefficient compared to aviation. It will never be competitive for cross-country travel.
It's about as dead as flowcharts and Warnier/Orr diagrams are.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warnier/Orr_diagram
Yes. It was killed by post-it notes and coloured sharpies.
UML's promise was that that with detailed enough diagrams, writing code would be trivial or even could be automatically generated (there are UML tools that can generate code). It was developed during a time when there was a push to make Software Engineering a licensed profession. UML was going to be the "blueprints" of code, and software architects would develop UML diagrams similar to how building architects create blueprints for houses. But as it turned out, that was a false premise. The real blueprints for software ended up being the code itself. And the legacy of UML lives on in simpler boxes and arrow diagrams.
There are some diagrams that I've more useful than others. My favorites:

- Sequence Diagram: great for understanding distributed workflows

- State Diagram: state machines are wonderful tools and having a standard for representing them is a win, IMHO

- Parametric Diagram[0] (SysML): feels like Class Diagrams for functional programming

[0] https://sysml.org/sysml-faq/what-is-parametric-diagram.html
He calls it masala in his post. But you know what? Masala is just UML. Because the L stands for language, and languages evolve when used (or die when not used, not when used differently)
It's the only IDE I've used where I couldn't trust it not to crash. IDEs should not crash, even if rarely.
One thing that appealed to us about protobufs is their alleged change-tolerance (versioning).

Years later, this remains only alleged... not realized.
> Seattle area is spending $54 billion just on a regional expansion of light rail and the cost had gone up considerably since then because of inflation and real estate pressure. https://www.constructiondive.com/news/seattle-area-light-rai...

TBF light rail, and urban construction in general, is extremely expensive (due to right of way, real-estate, complicated works, …) and it doesn't really "scale out" as every urban project is its own little nugget of crap.

When you're building thousands of miles of track, after a while you'll have a lot of experience which can get leveraged pretty much as-is.

Not saying the plans here make sense, mind.
OpenBSD's default console font Spleen has a 5x8 version which, which is fairly legible while still looking nice:

https://github.com/fcambus/spleen

Any smaller than that and you're getting into ugly territory.
almost uml statecharts that ignore some rules where they don't matter
So I was not able to get simdjson going in time, but I did dump my test payload to JSON. In protobuf the payload was 7506 bytes, in JSON 19283 bytes.

So parsing this particular payload at 2GB/s would be equivalent to parsing it at 5.1GB/s in JSON.
It’s a great tool for those times I need to familiarize myself with a new codebase, but for my own projects it just becomes a pain to keep updated.
Battery Capacities-Truth or Lies
> Why isn't there a list of sexist scientific heros on Wikipedia?

Because sexism isn’t, generally, the kind of matter of fact appropriate to an encyclopedia.

> Name and shame them easily, efficiently, and publicly.

Political propaganda of that type isn’t Wikipedia’s purpose. There have been Wikipedia-imitators that embrace that, but they don’t tend to attract as much of an audience.
Other people in this thread have expressed it, but the reason it's not useful is because most developers are doing something like UML, but it's not UML - so you get none of the benefits of the Unified part.

When I see a good UML diagram I know immediately what the bit of modelled code does. When I see a weird, cobbled together diagram of bits of code the creator thinks defines the state, I have gained nothing of value from viewing the diagram.
This is a good article. I'm a livestock farmer and a few lines really stuck:

1. We are incredibly grateful to our knackerman. The old one retired at about 70, and the newer guy is spot on. Calm, patient and pleasant to people and animals.

2. British farming (focusing on Britain here as the article does) has a crap safety record. Follow lens_leg[1] for a feed of UK farming casualties. It's saddening. But over this last year holy fuck has mental health taken a dive with the rest of the world. And that won't help physical safety/health

3. The author of this piece is correct when they say no farmer wants to see the knackerman. We hate having to call him out. But we do, because it's the right thing for an animal in distress. And unless it's a true emergency, we'd rather he euthanised the animal for us. He's more skilled and has less emotional involvement. Killing something - even if it's needed - isn't easy.

4. A request: Please don't lump UK farming in with the other countries farming practices for welfare and environmental practices. We surely do have our faults, but are also making great strides in making farming better. For example RUMA[2] for antibiotic usage and the NFU targeting net zero emissions by 2040[3]

[1] https://twitter.com/lens_leg

[2] https://www.ruma.org.uk/eu-continues-reductions-in-farm-anti...

[3] https://www.nfuonline.com/nfu-online/business/regulation/ach...

Edit: Formatting
I mean, this may be true where you are, and it may be true in some other similar companies, but it's definitely not universally true.

Some companies are smaller than yours, or have better visibility, or give managers more budgetary latitude. Speaking as if this is The One Way It Always Works is unhelpful.
The trick is to tie your UML to your code with a few scripts. After a point, if you're manually interacting with it, you're doing it wrong. A lot like the AWS console.
Lately I’m writing C++. I have code that needs to deploy across different mobile ecosystems. Java doesn’t cut it, Kotlin has a cross language offering but it’s not prod ready, and Rust... well, the team doesn’t know Rust and we won’t hit our dates if we have to learn idiomatic Rust, and once we ship the code, it won’t be as simple getting some customers updates as we have customers in the wilderness and these aren’t iOS or Android devices that we can just release to using app stores.

Despite Java’s verboseness and all the factory hell, with recent tooling and the massive library of great open source libraries, I do enjoy writing it. I prefer strong typing personally. But I don’t agree with Java for everything. Recently I did some data processing work on Spark. I wrote everything in Scala. The whole “trait” functionality was very nice and elegant, and it allowed me to incrementally build some nice abstractions that my team can use to quickly build and deploy spark jobs.
This double standard is true, but it's only fair considering the opposite double standard that stood forever and still stands, about women who get around vs men.

But there are are all kinds of double standards in both directions so this one is true but not especially remarkable, and if one would complain about it's unfairness, one better be just as incensed and outraged about all the others, and on balance, I think the women get rather more shafting than men.

I don't think it looks very good to cry about this unfairness.
This proposal seems totally disconnected from reality.

First, Amtrak is not a competitive transportation option. It can be a fun novelty, but it's expensive and slow. Going from Portland to Oakland is supposed to take 18 hours but actually took 20 when I rode it. The same trip in a car takes 10 hours. By plane is 90 minutes. It gets worse: Amtrak cost me more than a plane ticket to the same destination.

Second, hundreds of billions of dollars doesn't get you much train in the US. California tried to build a high speed rail route between SF and LA. The estimated completion cost has skyrocketed to $100 billion and the completion date is 25 years after voters approved the project. The state has since given up on connecting LA & SF by high speed rail.

There is simply no future in which passenger rail competes with air travel in the US. Even in circumstances where the distances are not too great, and the political and bureaucratic hurdles are.
I don’t understand anti-government zealots any more than I understand anti-capitalism zealots. Both try to cherry-pick facts in support of an obviously flawed theory: that one is the pinnacle of civilization while the other is an evil to root out.

This kind of purist thinking is dangerous because it prevents you from observing the facts as they are. For example whatever the root cause of California’s high speed rail problems, it’s probably more complex than “public government is bad”. But you will never find out because you have ideological blinders on.
There's enough publishing a range that I only apply to those. Unless the company gives a range, or asks as part of the application for your target salary, I just don't apply. But not everyone is in a career position to do that.
it's advantageous to use those things you listed because that's what the market can provide talent-wise

More silliness. Pay developers enough so that they'll stick around. If they stick around, then you don't need to hire for talent in a particular framework or language. You can hire for intelligence, creativity, passion, drive, whatever... and invest in training people when they get there.

Jumping from framework to framework and language to language as the talent pool does is incredibly wasteful.
In my experience (startup product development), product requirements and constraints are constantly shifting in order to support new use cases. In my practice, that has translated into only formalizing specifications after the fundamental needs of a system are set in stone, which is usually after release. When I’ve worked on contract-based projects, it’s been much easier to formalize beforehand, but I suspect most developers on HN are involved in active product development.