skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I haven’t seen anyone commenting in defense of Proctorio. To be honest, Proctorio seems indefensible. I hope this student makes bank.

To your second point, the US legal system is extremely litigious, so I don’t know how you turn that ship around. I agree that this should be thrown out as a frivolous suit and the student should be compensated for damages— legal fees, time, psychological stress, etc.
It sounds like a very complicated topic, it's crossing multiple isolation boundaries, and pretty risky to implement, too. A bug can be maximally critical.
But, the replacement would be to tax everyone for a smaller amount, which would be unfair. I am not a believer and I do not want to pay from someones sunday ceremonies.
non-PnP SB16 max out at 44.1KHz, only Vibra and later PnP models supported up to 48KHz.

The real reason is that SB16 is the lowest common denominator for DOS stereo compatibility with higher models. You might think SBPRo also supports stereo playback, but SB16, SB32, SB64, and SB128 do not support SBPro Stereo mode playback. SB16 DSP 4.x removed support for DSP 2.x 3.x "High Speed" modes. Anything using SBPro Stereo mode will not work in SB16 an newer at all.
Introducing: Aerodynamic Shape Optimization – Adjoint CFD
The regulations would apply to the deployment of AI in public spaces. Where the companies originate from doesn't matter.
The site became noisy by indie hackers creating products for other indie hackers and using the site for promoting their products.

There's also a community focus on less hackerish topics as paid newsletters and content products.

Also, the whole site is a bit sluggish, which may lead to less engagement in the discussions.
Just to clarify: you think it's fair that less than 20% of what you pay to Spotify goes to artists?
Might be possible to extend asmhttpd to serve gzipped files directly (possibly breaking compliance with rfcs by forcing compression)? Ie send index.html.gz?
Don't hold your breath, some windows apps are still blurry on Windows 10.
Open source products rely on trust. There is no way to build a trust-less open source product. Of course, the old mantra of trust, but verify is very important as well.

But the linux kernel is NOT a security product - it is a kernel. It can be used in entirely disconnected devices that couldn't care less about security, as well as in highly secure infrastructure that powers the world. The ultimate responsibility of delivering a secure product based on Linux lies with the people delivering a secure product based on the kernel. The kernel is a essentially library, not a product. If someone is assuming they can build a secure product by trusting Linux to be "secure" than they are simply wrong, and no amount of change in the Linux dev process will fix their assumption.

Of course, you want the kernel to be as secure as possible, but you also want many other things from the kernel as well (it should be featureful, it should be backwards compatible with userspace, it should run on as many architectures as needed, it should be fast and efficient, it should be easy to read and maintain etc).
If a company that sold static analysis products did this as part of a marketing campaign, would you likewise have so many reservations about blacklisting contributions from that company, or would you still be insisting on picking out individual employees?

It's pretty obvious what would happen if a firm tried this: they'd be taken to court and probably imprisoned, as this is a clear violation of the law (which is pretty broadly to capture any attempted interference with the correct operation of a computer program).
You claim that it's possible to tell how much energy was used to produce a block minting solution given the difficulty. It is not.

If you actually mined you would know that no two miners use the same amount of energy for a given hash rate and also you would know that it's possible to come up with the solution too early or too late entirely through luck and therefore you can't directly estimate how much energy was used to produce a result. All estimates of how much energy the bitcoin network uses are completely made up and should not be trusted.
> initial issues

You mean like the current advice not to use anything except mirroring and striping (RAID-0/1/10)?

> Parity may be inconsistent after a crash (the "write hole"). The problem born when after "an unclean shutdown" a disk failure happens. But these are two distinct failures. These together break the BTRFS raid5 redundancy. If you run a scrub process after "an unclean shutdown" (with no disk failure in between) those data which match their checksum can still be read out while the mismatched data are lost forever.

* https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/RAID56

I've been using ZFS since it came out on Solaris 10 over a decade ago and it was specifically designed not to have a write hole due to its COW/ACID nature.

See this 2008 SNIA presentation from Bonwick and Moore, the creators of ZFS talking about not having a write hole:

* ACID/COW: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NRoUC9P1PmA&t=24m

* Integrity: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NRoUC9P1PmA&t=55m20s
> It would be enough if there was a way to disable device managed mode.

They exists, and they are called host-aware SMR drives. Sadly, device-managed drives exists because drive manufacturers want to both achieve cost-cutting and increased profits (and was relatively unknown until the whole WD Red (and companions) DMSMR brouhaha last year forced every hard disk manufacturer to state if the drive is DMSMR or not).
Pushing the price up makes manufacturing them more attractive which means more will be manufactured and we'll get to 100% solar sooner.
I think my more concise post would be that "law and order" (unlike practically any other issue) is thought of by the majority as "something that happens to other people". It's not. They think it's fair. It's not.

Example in the UK is that we used to have "Legal Aid" - if you were accused of something (and were of modest means) the government would pay a modest amount for a laywer to represent you. Wasn't a cheap system in absolute terms, but as a proportion of government expenditure was tiny. Over the years successive governments of all sides have gutted the system - and media delights in planted stories like "Insurance companies scammed" and "Terrorist receives money". Basically, "We're giving money to criminals and we should stop."

Nobody considers the flip side - "Can you pay for a legal defence if the Police knock on your door tomorrow?"
> If they feel they are being "cogged", they will work like cogs

Most people who get into Turking know they're going to be cogs, and honestly, the only thing they care about is getting paid properly for it.

No pie-in-the-sky marketing BS is going to make up for sub minimum wage compensation.
You will treat anyone educated at the same university with `great suspicion`? Really? That is hardly rational or appropriate.
> Kind of hard to justify buying anything else for a dev laptop at this point.

It will be interesting to see how the M1/M2/... series of Apple silicon evolves. If they can deliver graphics performance on par with a low-end nvidia GPU I'm pretty much sold on it in the near future. PC has simply no hardware to compete with that, may it run Linux or Windows.
Ask HN: Is there a way to efficiently subscribe to an SQL query for changes?
I know [RethinkDB][1] used to do this with their SQL-like ReQL language, but I looked around a bit and can't find much else about it - and I would have thought it would be more common.

I'm more interesting in queries with joins and doing it efficiently, instead of just tracking updates to tables that are modified, and re-rerunning the entire query.

If we think about modern frontends using SQL-based backends, essentially every time we render, its ultimately the result of a tree of SQL queries (queries depend on results of other queries) running in the backend. Our frontend app state is just a tree of materialized views of our database which depend on each other. We've got a bunch of state management libraries that deal with trees but they don't fit so well with relational/graph-like data.

I came across a Postgres proposal for [Incremental View Maintenance][2] which generates a diff against an existing query with the purpose of updating a materialized view. Oracle also has [`FAST REFRESH`][3] for materialized views.

I guess it's relatively easy to do until you start needing joins or traversing graphs/hierarchies - which is why its maybe avoided.

EDIT: [Materialize][1] looks interesting in this space: "Execute streaming SQL Joins" but more focused on the event streams rather than general-purpose DML/OLTP.

[1]: https://github.com/rethinkdb/rethinkdb_rebirth

[2]: https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Incremental_View_Maintenance

[3]: https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/DWHSG/refresh.htm#DWHSG8361

[4]: https://materialize.com/
"If AirTag is separated from its owner and out of Bluetooth range, the Find My network can help track it down. The Find My network is approaching a billion Apple devices and can detect Bluetooth signals from a lost AirTag and relay the location back to its owner, all in the background, anonymously and privately."

Peer to peer item discovery! Very cool. Just waiting for a 0-day that let's you find everybody else's things though.
> So you are just fine knowing that any random guy can sneak any code in the Linux kernel?

I mean, it is no surprise. It is even worse with proprietary software, because you are much less likely to be aware of your own college/employee.

Hell, seeing that the actual impact is overblown in the paper, I think it is a really great percentage caught to be honest, assuming good faith from the contributor.
Check out Aave or Compound. You basically use your crypto as collateral, and do whatever you want with the borrowed money. If you want to take the borrowed money and get even more (leveraged) exposure to crypto, you can. You don’t pay back more than the borrowed capital plus interest.

https://docs.aave.com/faq/borrowing
LawtechUK Launches Crypto and Smart Contract Dispute Resolution Rules
I don't think it's trivial, I just think it's often applied in an unproductive and straight up incorrect way, devolving any discussion into uncharitable, pedantic, needless and pointless arguing about semantics.

I would happily grant there are more laws about human language. You could come up with all kinds of pointless truisms like "human languages facilitate communication" etc. No reasonable person would find much point in coming up with or debating "laws" like that. (but I'm sure there are plenty of "epistemologists" and "philosophers" who could debate them in minute detail until the end of time)

But Chomsky isn't claiming obvious truisms - he's claiming fairly detailed laws about universal grammar (and fairly detailed means through which they derive)

Critics point out such fairly strong claims need fairly strong, in your face evidence. The onus is on Chomsky to provide it. You don't get to turn around and shift the burden of proof on the critics and start arguing nonsense about how criticism of Chomsky's claims are "self refuting" or what have you.
No portable package for windows. "All configured authentication methods failed".
It depends which tooling layer you're using, really. If you're just saying "bundle up these files and put them on that part of the filesystem" it can be extremely simple. If you're trying to provide the full build-from-source chain... less so. Being able to ignore the Debian Packaging Guidelines is the path to sanity.

In a previous incarnation I wrote https://github.com/regularfry/au to take the grunt-work out of packaging up ruby apps, and pretty much all it does is generate the minimum set of files that `dpkg-deb` needs to spit out an archive.
I'm not talking about NRE costs, I'm talking about very real manufacturing costs that you are ignoring. Modern battery packs are one of these things that if you haven't designed one you tend to think they're simple, but have a lot of hidden complexity.

Just as an example, modern batteries require keeping track of a lot of parameters and metrics, and require keeping control of things like cell balancing. Making a battery removable means having to move all this into the pack, which then implies having exposed critical interfaces.

As an example check this device by Texas Instruments: BQ40Z50-R2. This gives you a lot of the functionality to the point that Apple keeps variants of them in current laptops, even if they're not removable anymore.

To make a software equivalent, imagine building an enterprise product that connects to a database, and then being asked to have this link exposed through public APIs. Now you need to consider delightful things like authentication, or being vulnerable to DDoS.
Many of these Emacs/readline shortcuts work in 99% of Mac apps too, which is nice.

https://jblevins.org/log/kbd
Apple allegedly tries it's hardest to randomize bluetooth and WiFi MACs.
ISO 3758:2012
Using different fonts.

A font is just[0] a table that maps numbers to pictures. A typical font will map a number 65 to a picture of what we know as letter 'A' in Latin alphabet. But there's nothing preventing you from making a font that will contain, at index 65, a picture of a dog. Or a "hand washing" symbol. And this is what people did - both to support non-English alphabets in the era where "printable character" meant "7 bits", and to support mixing graphics with text (if you add that missing bit to make a full byte, you get 128 more codes to play with).

Ultimately, screens and printers don't understand letters - they understand arrays of color values (or, occasionally, colors attached to parameters of a curve). Fonts are the intermediary, and you can draw anything with text if you supply the right font. The problem is though, if you had a custom mapping of characters to pictures, you had to ship it with your text, and make sure users know how to configure their software to use your specific font for your text.

Unicode exists to allow every number describing a character to have a fixed, standardized meaning, so that you can send text around independently of the fonts. Instead of fighting for the same 256 codes, there are now over a million possible codes, and fonts declare which code ranges they know how to draw. As a result, you don't have to worry about mixing alphabets and graphics in text anymore - worst that can happen is that something will get rendered as a placeholder. But it won't get rendered as a wrong symbol.

--

[0] - Well, strongly simplifying. In reality, the "picture" can be anything from a bitmap, a set of bitmaps, a vector image, or executable code; the mapping part can also be executable code. A prime example of "code is data" :). Simple devices like thermal printers might accept only a trivial byte-to-bitmap mapping (aka. "bitmap fonts"). More complex ones will work with modern fonts, which are essentially programs that interpret text and produce instructions to draw it. Pushed to extreme, you get things like a videogame inside a font[1], or a font that automatically translates startup marketing copy into plain English[2].

[1] - https://www.coderelay.io/fontemon.html

[2] - https://www.sansbullshitsans.com/
Thanks for the kind words, we'll hopefully have a mobile version one day soon.
cannot wait for Rust in the kernel..
cant help but be distracted by there being a circular picture of the author staring at me as i read this
Where are you from? Serious question, since Europe do tend to have standard symbols for nearly everything due to cross-border (and cross-cultural) differences, while this is meh (why? we have English!) to North America.
Thanks. Yes, support of diagramming is also planned. About documentation, I am not sure, whether support it directly. Maybe this could be better achieved with some plugin, as there could be lot of options... Probably I will create some simple plugin making basic HTML doc, someone could than improve or fork and customize it
> https://www.amazon.com/HiLetgo-USBTiny-USBtinyISP-Programmer...

> https://rickcarlino.com/2017/05/26/up-and-running-with-flash...

Once again, thanks for the links! I don’t have too much time right now, but I’ll definitely have to explore this when I get an opportunity.

> Starting Forth by Leo Brodie

Funny you mention this… I found it myself, and am most of the way through it already! I’m probably not going through it as thoroughly as it deserves, but it is indeed an excellent introduction.
Many writing systems evolved from what we might consider icons. The letter A comes from the head of an ox, which becomes much more obvious if you put it upside down like ∀. Many Chinese characters retain a similarity to the objects they represent: "tree" is 木 and "fire" is 火 (imagine a bonfire). The Korean consonants ㄱ and ㄴ represent the general position and shape of your tongue when you make the "k" and "n" sounds, respectively. All of these symbols began their life as icons, but were later recognized as text as people converged on a certain usage.
I remember the doctors asking me after partial removal of a brain tumour if I remembered them waking me up during the surgery.

I wish I did, but I remember absolutely nothing.

This was about 15 years ago, and I don't remember if they said they would wake me up prior to the surgery. Maybe to my parents.
But don't you see how you've just made the hypothesis unfalsifiable?
there are color markers on the tabs, though it's debatable whether that's enough
The bar to use such invasive, buggy, user hostile spyware should be a lot higher.

Just because this solves your problem (it clearly doesn't) doesn't mean it's a good idea. Killing half the students also solves your problem.

You need to live in a world where this is not an option, period. What's the next solution then? People forget there are always more manual solutions even if they take more time...
not sure if you're italian but to add insult to injury italians themselves complain about EU fund usage in the south :)

it is true however that between arrest and initial prosecution the justice system in italy is very trigger happy (whether people stay in jail is a different story) and it makes a good story for the press. there are examples elsewhere where law enforcement is a lot more magnanimous. not defending this case at all but in general this might partially explain why italy is more on the spotlight than other places.
Comprehensive Guide to Pandas DataFrames with Python Codes
> what is needed to cover character encoding already in broad usage.

That isn't true anymore though, is it? At least Emoji seem like a case where inclusion precedes use and noth the other way around.
This hasn't been announced yet AFAIK, but it's certainly something you'd want to do if you were planning such things.

Additional reasons, besides slightly reducing the bus factor and limiting liability (pretty useful when you plan to make major financial commitments like hiring someone), are probably tax benefits: gGmbHs, in exchange for being non-profits, enjoy fairly high tax benefits, which a normal independent worker does not.
If I recall correctly, my 486 had 4MB of RAM.

I then had a Pentium 166MMX with 64MB (16MB was what was usually offered) which I recently upgraded to 80MB with a couple of sticks I found in an old box.
> If you can't figure out a way to satisfy your desire for your devices to be resistant to surveillance tools with legal means, well, then you can't satisfy that desire.

I fear this part of your argument is fallacious. A peaceful and hilarious response to an abuse is not illegal. An if it is, it should not be. This post just highlights how petty the means and methods used by "some companies" are. Moxie is rightfully mocking Cellebrite and its customers, and it's fantastic.

About the obstruction of justice... If governments around the world are having an appetite for abuses, we shall not fall for it. There are other ways to get to criminals. Tell state officers they can do their job without abusing the private sphere of citizens.

It's Cellebrite devices that should be made illegal, because "justice" should not depend on surveillance tools. Just days ago the same US IC shared a memo/report about the rise of authoritarianism and how western democracies are threatened by it. Let's stop this double standard.
Interestingly, in Germany at least, when someone is killed in an accident, in determining the damages payable to the person's estate (i.e. other people) they take account of how much pain (it is speculated that) the person suffered in the seconds before they died. To me this seems ... weird. I don't think they're worried about psychological trauma in the afterlife, but who knows?
I think they are confused about what a smart contract is
Perhaps you already have ideas on how to solve for this situation, but in case it helps: forcing active record model accesses to go via a layer of indirection can help with untangling this sort of thing: https://kellysutton.com/2019/10/29/taming-large-rails-codeba...

That said, for microservice extraction specifically, a bit of creative metaprogramming/monkey patching of AR to identify & categorize your callers is probably easier.
If you’re poor, most of those things require some non negligible percent of your income—-if only just in gas/transportation.

But more importantly they require time away from working/studying/optimizing for bank account balance.
Direct PDF link: https://ieeecs-media.computer.org/media/education/swebok/swe...
I hear you, we know that our audience is sensitive to their privacy. We are all are.

Here are a couple of thoughts that have guided us. Thank you for engaging in this conversation and for caring enough.

1) This data is crucial for us. We need as much as we can get and it's highly specialized to Netdata. (e.g a sudden increase in crashes will prompt our team to see recent changes)
2) The more friction we add (opt-in), the less people will do it (because people choose the easier route, always) and thus we will have less data to work with.
3) People who care enough, as you said, about their privacy, can *very* easily disable the anonymous statistics, by both adding a flag to the install script or doing a small config change afterwards. I feel that we are communicating in many different places that we take anonymous data, so most of our users should be informed.
4) It's a fairly standard industry tactic and I don't believe that other solutions are not doing. Of course this is not an excuse for anything, just noting that we are not an outlier.

Thanks again for engaging. Feedback is great for us, it makes us both happy (because someone cares enough) and better.
How do you know? These people already attempted to manipulate the kernel maintainers repeatedly, even after being caught. Nothing they claim about their own work can be trusted.
KDE Gear 21.04
That's exactly my point, there is a difference between the ideals of socialism and the economic doctrine which plays out when socialism gets implemented.

In terms of economic policy, all the examples you cited are on the left side or going left in my book. There is definitely nothing capitalistic about state intervention.

It also makes sense historically: it took us a long time to understand that capitalism is the most efficient way to create value and advance technology. Even the communist dictatorship that is China understood that and it's using this to rule the world, while the western world (especially the USA) marched back on their capitalism and hampered their economy with more and more regulations.

I think we still don't have enough capitalism and we need a completely unregulated market and no government at all.
CPU GUI rendering was reasonably fast for Win32 apps on Pentium III. Modern CPU many times faster and I expect GUI rendering to use negligible fraction of CPU resources. Why this is not the case? Display resolution nowadays is higher, but the difference in pixel numbers is smaller than difference in CPU performance.