skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ask HN: Catching Up with Python – Resources?
What books would you recommend to catch up on modern python development practices and syntax?

I've last done python seriously in 2005, so early 2.x versions.
meson has subprojects. Try building gtk4. If you don't have some deps on the system, meson will download and build them as necessary.
But why is it still flagged 4 hours later? The HN mods can and do turn off user flags on important stories.

Edit: why is this being downvoted? You've never seen dang turn off flags? He admits it here:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15510075

So that raises the question: why not turn off flags on this story?
I looked at the law on this locally--there is a necessity defense, if you gotta go and are as discreet as practical you're in the clear.

Ticks and mosquitoes are basically a non-issue here, but finding a bush isn't always the easiest.
tbh, the Criticality score has done a lot to make me mistrust the quality of pretty much everything associated with it (cf https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25381397).

And then there's https://security.googleblog.com/2021/02/know-prevent-fix-fra... which effectively calls for the end of open-source contributors staying pseudonymous.

Google does a lot of good for open-source security, but these recent things are a terrible look.
Either way, a typical female dairy cow during its lifetime is made to give birth about 4 times (they don't give milk otherwise), each time its baby is taken away so maximum milk can be harvested and then the mother is killed about 5 years into its 20 year lifespan when it stops producing as much milk. This is the reality of profitable dairy farming and people don't like to be told about it or think about it.

If you think it's wrong that some countries kill dolphins, dogs, whales, cats, sharks, horses etc. for food or use foxes, minks, rabbits etc. for fur, you should ask yourself why cheese, milk and leather are okay.
You just said the President doesn't have the authority to mobilize the national guard. He is quite literally the only person who has the authority to mobilize the national guard. he is also the only person who has the authority to authorize deployment of troops into DC from other states.

You can keep contorting yourself to place the blame on others, but it lies squarely on the shoulders of the Trump. He had unilateral power to deploy troops when the capital was stormed whether the Mayor was on board or not. He chose not to, the end result was his fault.

And no, op isn't editing their post, you are. You started out claiming the president doesn't have the power to deploy the national guard in DC, and when you were called out you edited your post to claim you were talking about the surrounding states.
I think the "hold a piece" dynamic of the Tetris with friends is such a good addition that it should be the official version? Agree or disagree?
Shakespeare Film Made in Blender
there is over-emphasis on neutralizing antibodies in almost every direction i read. neutralizing antibodies bind to epitopes that are required for pathogenic entry, this is not a required function for immune response to occur, it is however comforting to hear that a pathogen is rendered immediately ineffective but other ways exist.

antibodies that are non neutralizing [opsonizing] have efficacy, they induce phagocytosis of antigen by macrophages, thus demolishing the pathogen and evoking the complement system.
The latest revision of the POSIX standard is only 4 years old.
You’d think Apple, having developed the thing, would have used Core Animation for this.
> > >Why didn't Trump offer military support at 2:30pm, when the Capitol was breached?

> As others said because he doesn't have the authority to?

This is false. Not only does he have the authority to offer such support to local authority anywhere in the US in response to an insurgency against local authority (10 USC § 251), but he’s also, because D.C. is a federal district that lacks command of its own national guard, the applicable local authority with regard to D.C. (D.C. Code § 49-409), and, on top of that, even if D.C. were a state he would still have paramount authority to decide on military intervention independent of any local decision because he has unilateral authority and duty to determine the need to use military force anywhere in the US in response to an insurrection, and to act unilaterally on such determination, under the Insurrection Act (see 10 USC §§ 253, 254.)

> Why did Nancy Pelosi deny requests for the national guard ahead of time?

Nancy Pelosi has no operational authority over any portion of the military, including the D.C. or any other National Guard.
Oh yes it is. But like most products it has its market segment. And that segment is a group that requires a certain function that is not a competitive advantage for any in the group and wants to get that function for the lowest possible cost.

Ok, so much for abstractions. A stark example is that on Microsoft's Azure the majority of VM's are running Linux. A lot of companies want cloud based VM's and they don't want to pay for Microsoft's OS to run them when they can use Linux for free, so they don't.

Another example is OpenStreetMap. Many companies (including Apple) spend millions a year upgrading openstreetmaps. A lot of companies need a mapping function but it's silly for each one to carry the burden of creating their own map when they can all pitch in and use the final result.

This is the market segment where Open Source makes sense.
Imagine an SSD serving up query responses! I love it.
The house I live in was built around the time america was founded and will most likely outlive me as well.

Its not an apartment building either, it's simply been taken care of since 1770ish
Yes but getting mining helmets that are compatible with rabbit physiology but still meet OSHA guidelines is a pain. I'd recommend outsourcing to other deeper-delving creatures. Some abstractions are useful.
> You can't enslave an animal that lacks free will and intellect by nature.

I challenge you to define “free will” in a way which is simultaneously testable, and also something humans have and other animals lack. I have yet to hear a single definition which is all three at the same time, despite my A-level in philosophy — every testable definition I’ve encountered has either been something animals and humans both have, or both lack; and more commonly the attempted definition turns out to be internally incoherent.

(Intellect is also notoriously difficult to define, but at least in this case humans and cows are obviously dissimilar).
In many companies, you don't need a union to make it adversarial: it's already an adversarial relationship. It's a war with only one side shooting. The union just attempts to arm the other side. It would be great if leadership and employees were actually on the same side (rather than just in words), with things like employee representation on the board, and fair bargaining for wages with equal power on either side, but that's just not a reality at most jobs.
Sprawling 5000-year-old cemetery and fortress discovered in Poland
Confirmation bias is a creepy thing sometimes.

I was literally asking my Google Home last night what the longest living vertebrate was and it told me the Greenland shark.

Had a whole conversation about it over dinner, arguing about how accurate we think these age-establishing methods are.

Though the more interesting part of our conversation (I would say) was wondering how ages work out in practice. For example why do the vast majority of animals not live beyond 20 years, even when we try to keep them alive as long as possible (dogs)? If the environment was different would longevity be different for all species, e.g more oxygen in the atmosphere or a longer day-night cycle? Etc.
I would encourage people to read the article. VM Brasseur has a click-baity title, which is fine, but the point they are making is actually a bit more subtle. I'll quote from the article:

> There is a great number of potential business models, but “open source” is not one of them. It is, instead, one of the many tools that can be employed in order to make a selected business model work as expected.

> Therefore open source ... does not ... concern itself with business any more than food concerns itself with business. If there is a business that has a business model that is not living up to expectations, and if that business model uses open source as one if its tools, it’s illogical to blame open source for the failure.

The gist of the article isn't "open source and business are incompatible", rather, it's saying "don't blame open source for a failure of your business".

VM Brasseur focuses on open core specifically, a subset of an "open source business strategy", talking about what kind of expectations one should have engaging in that strategy, pointing to John Mark Walker's post on "How to Make Money from Open Source Platforms" [0].

As an aside, I would like to point out that there are successes in some businesses pursuing an "open source" strategy, for a broader form of open source, either using open source as a key feature or because the technology was open sourced, abandoned and picked up by someone else. Arduino [1] comes to mind, where they used the open sourced Arduino platform, the IDE, the libraries and the open source hardware schematic and boards, that was essentially abandoned by the original creators and picked up by Massimo Banzi and David Mellis. There were other factors to Arduino's success, such as focusing on artists and educators, there being a need for a cheap, accessible electronics/microcontroller platform, selling physical devices and various other economic factors that went into making the business viable, etc., so maybe I'm being overly pedantic and not really contradicting VM Brasseur's claim.

In case people don't know, VM Brasseur is a big proponent of open source and has written a book called "Forge Your Future With Open Source" [2] and is in the process of writing a new book about "FOSS strategy in business" [3].

[0] https://www.linux.com/news/how-make-money-open-source-platfo...

[1] https://arduinohistory.github.io/

[2] https://pragprog.com/titles/vbopens/forge-your-future-with-o...

[3] https://anonymoushash.vmbrasseur.com/2021/03/19/coming-soon-...
Come on... make is a perfectly good choice (and for me, preferable) for any project that is small to medium sized. However if you get to a stage where you have to compile for 3 or more platforms and need to account for different compiler versions & systems that people may be using, 'make' quickly becomes hell to use. The possible build combinations just get out of hand, and you can't if-then-else your way out of every situation. Ultimately you get to a point where makefiles can't deal with the growing complexity of a big project.

That is where CMake really shines - it takes the headache out of managing complex, sprawling builds once you get it setup, and you won't have to keep tweaking the config to manage every other dev's system. I grant that the documentation is not perfect and there is a significant time investment in getting everything 'just so', but the long-term time savings make up for that completely in my experience.
Often it gives a convenient excuse for a (much needed) re-write.
Yeah I often wonder about that. Less money means fewer prospects. I think what can help make the decision to your last question is what do you value? Do you think your children need to live an upper middle class life to be happy and fulfilled? Or can you provide that happiness and fulfillment to them (and the lessons you teach them along the way) by spending time with them? Like, can you help your children cope with the stress of adult life by spending time with them when they're young and providing them with values and experiences that help Burress them against the harsh realities of later life? How much does money help with that? It's hard to strike that good balance I think.

As for switching jobs to software, ideally, I'd find a remote job then at least that way I could be more flexible with my time and place. Although my summers wouldnt be free.
Since they scale out to the infrastructural capabilities of governments yet our bound to the interests of their stakeholders, not users or citizens.
The Internet of things and smart cities, easily explained
The Internet of Things is changing the way we interact with objects forever, opening the door for either fantastic things to happen or allowing a dystopian novel to come to life.
Read more about this in the link above.
Well they support a national $15/hr minimum wage, for one thing, though the cynical side of me thinks this is more to close the door behind them on competition and will result in further closures of small local alternatives.
Pending one caveat:

- I do not target nor care about Windows systems (which is in agreement with the GP I guess - cmake may be useful as to get project files for VC covered.)

I agree with the GP post and:

- I do target different platforms (Linux, BSDs and Solaris)

- I do target different compilers (GCC, clang and ICC)

- I do cross compile and maintain multiple toolchains (I have 16 GCCs and 8 clangs on my box)

- I do juggle different compiler flags

- I work on a codebase with 1.24M lines

- I have experienced the pain of working with dependencies we need that use cmake.

The only thing cmake has given me is having to learn another way to do all the same things I already know how to do for 10 other build systems.

NB: I do not agree with the GP post that make by itself is a good tool. In most cases, the best tool is simply the most popular one, which - sadly, because it's a pretty bad tool - is autotools for my use cases. I know how to deal with it, my co-developers know how to deal with it, and my users know how to deal with it. Even if I learn 10 other build systems, that still leaves my co-developers and users hanging.

If we disregard this and go purely with technical merits, my personal opinion (= I don't care to argue for this, feel free to ignore) for the best tool becomes Meson.

(I'm aware this post is a bit condescending, but I feel that this is an appropriate response to the parent post's equal condescension. ["You probably feel the way you do because:" - really? What gives you that "insight"?])
Whats up with all the opensource hate on here lately? Has Bill Gates secretly bought this site or something?
(User was shadow banned for this post)
The relative scale of the effects of the fishing industry as a whole vs. the few scientific studies that are done is staggeringly high.
I get brain freezes in my neck ...
I always thought that the formal scientific term was: Slurpee Headache. </sarc>
Just use 4 helicopters per container.
I think I read somehwere that they chose this name as their "beta" version since it's not easily googleable. As soon as they gain more traction, they will rebrand.
The Essentialist Testing Guide of 2021
For those of you that have heard many theories about testing and are overwhelmed by what's available and what the best practices are. Here is a helpful testing guide to adopting an Essentialist Testing mindset. Hope it helps someone!

Made with
I can’t imagine any situation where collective bargaining would grant me a better outcome than negotiating on my own.

I understand unions for lower skill jobs in the private sector, but it’s a crazy play if you’re in a profession with a higher barrier for entry.

Blue or white collar, you have way more negotiating power than you think.
I don't know what exactly the poster was dealing with, but I've been trying to get reproducible builds out of cmake and it was a serious pain due to cmake insisting on using absolute file paths.

(Ed.: Also I agree the cmake docs are atrocious.)
> it goes far beyond employees peeing in bottles.

No, but solid rhetorics. This is the part you give proof of the fact that Amazon have their workers pee in bottles to meet deadlines. Not point to something else entirely that goes far beyond the things you pose as facts, which are not. Don't look at that! Look at this documentary that goes far far beyond it. Well played! And solid one for PBS for exposing the worker abuse that Amazon is now in court for! We need the free press to save worker laws.
Is this a software problem?

> Then you have to print it.

> You fill it up with a pen, trying to remember, find or recover information which you might or might not have access to (but that you know for a fact that it’s stored in multiple databases behind some firewall). Then go to a physical location with your little printed form, queue up, and hope for the best.

Sounds more to me like an organizational inflexibility problem. Someone somewhere refused to change the definition of 'signed' and mandated that people print something. Someone decided that they couldn't autofill the form. Someone decided that submissions will only be accepted as physical forms.

This is sort of my hobby horse since I worked at a company that interfaced with healthcare providers that insisted that we accept faxed documents.
But you see, it doesn't matter if they don't actually help you. The bosses want to hear that you talked to the vendor, and it gives them an out and someone else to finger point at when issues happen.

The fact that SV hasn't really caught onto this is part of the reason there's not a huge penetration of startup tech into huge companies.
This is an indicator that you have either worked on systems that were not very complex, or work in an environment where cross-team collaboration is not necessary.

I won’t question your claim about your personal need, but if you believe such diagrams only serve control freak managers, you are closing your mind to the many other possible reasons that diagrams need to exist.

This is anecdotal (so is your claim), but I have aphantasia - I cannot see with my mind. Diagrams are one of the only ways I can reason about some things that I cannot otherwise visualize in my head.

People communicate, conceptualize and learn in different ways, and that has nothing to do with control-freak managers.
This is true of most if not all of the business world. It runs on spreadsheets, apps that imitate spreadsheets, or hand-built spreadsheet equivalents.
> And that's cool but to a very great degree these often boil down to an exchange of time for money

Isn’t that what all business interactions end up being in the end? Yes, it is a treadmill, but life itself is a treadmill. You need to keep feeding and sheltering yourself even though you JUST ate yesterday.

I don’t think planning to support yourself indefinitely for a short period of work is a healthy expectation. Do you really think you can provide enough value to the world in a few years to provide for yourself for your entire life?

Having to work consistently is the norm, not a treadmill.
Lovely, useful tool; very well designed. Thank you!
They clearly meant to disrupt that confirmation in an act of protest, but here's how we know it was not a coup:

They left their weapons outside the Capitol. People planning to overthrow a government do not leave their weapons at the door.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26602074
The Great Leap Forward, has nothing to do with the current success in China. That was Mao's project that resulted in tens of millions of deaths. The reason for China's success is all about the economic reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping in the 1980's. Deng's policies and influence is still relevate in todays China, except Xi Jinping is more hard core than Deng would have liked. Deng in his later years was more of a pragmatic than idealistic, as Deng said: "No matter if it is a white cat or a black cat; as long as it can catch mice, it is a good cat.".

Yes, what's happing in Xinjiang is terrible. But it does not take away from the success of Deng's policies in transforming China. Make no mistake - most Chinese backs the party, even thou they know it has also done some terrible things. They do that because of the financial success of the policies. It's also true, that there is currently no alternative to the party in China. Secondly there are many opinions inside the party both for and against Xi Jinping. It's not black and white.
There are active discussions around this, especially in the Securing Critical Projects working group (https://github.com/ossf/wg-securing-critical-projects). These resources will always be scarce relative to the number of open source projects that could benefit, so there's a large focus on developer best practices, improved tooling, and "secure by default" configurations. These are described in the working group README pages (https://github.com/ossf) in more detail.

There are a few ways that OpenSSF and member organizations are already funding direct security work for open source projects, and I'm hoping this expands significantly in the near term.
Ever Given Ships Erratic Route into Suez Canal
wow 15 months
in what way is this "opensource hate"?
Security

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)
That's what I was thinking.

When I was learning Go years ago, I decided to go through and speed up some of the Benchmark Game's Go code. Some were on the order of 20x speedup if I remember right.

Of course, the maintainer of the site rejected it because of what I perceive as a clear bias against the language, but the point is...it's easy to fix hotspots in Go.
> one person was celebrated because they were the most knowledgeable at handling every kind of on-call situation. In hindsight, this was a red flag.

It is a red flag indeed, but “in hindsight”?

From my experience as an engineering manager, in addition to what article mentions, the following things are useful:

* having some kind of error codes (e.g. PRJNAME-E0032) so that search through documentation or knowledge base is unambiguous and instantaneous

* Any incident that was not handled by support/ops routinely, according to known procedures and was escalated to someone on call, gets an agenda item on a regular root cause analysis meeting. The result must be someone’s issue report: engineers on my team, infrastructure team, vendor, downstream or upstream application team etc.

* regular check-in meeting with support/ops where the central agenda item should be going over statistics about escalations for certain period and even incidents handled routinely (e.g. it was low disk space due to excessive logging and was handled without involving developers - do we log too much, do we need bigger disks etc?)
Right. Your choices are to say the truth, say nothing, or say some complete BS, or some gradient between these. There's no reason not to go for the BS. If you say nothing, that's slightly suspicious, or leaves a gap for someone to say something in your place. Obviously being bald-faced about your practices has no or almost no advantage. If you go fullBS, people at minimum have to knock down your statement, which takes energy, and then there is at least the appearance of a two sides dynamic. Journalists tend to like to cover stories holding up any two sides dynamics (these guys said this, the other guys said this), as it's safer to them, so there's even a good chance your BS will get parroted. Finally, saying some party line BS makes it easier to determine who's with you and against you. Allies can coordinate around your BS and repeat it, and the more BS your BS is, the more signaling value that has. You always need a party line, even and perhaps especially if you're up to no good and it's transparently false.
What scares me is the obsession with supporting old desktop browsers and ignoring the majority of people who are using phones and might not have access to a desktop.
Because ebpf is designed for verification under constrained circumstances like kernels, but allowing easy JITing that's almost a 1 to 1 translation. Stuff like not doing register allocation, being 2 address, etc.
That will not happen, it’s not about enforcing morality, it’s about strengthening an ideology by erasing competing messages.