skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Window-TinyLFU seems cool. Here's a blog post going through it at a level I mostly understand:

https://9vx.org/post/on-window-tinylfu/

The core trick is to use some kind of Bloom-filter-style structure to keep approximate counts of accesses. Caffeine uses a count-min sketch, but you could also use a counting Bloom filter, and these are really just two members of a family of very similar things. The counts are occasionally halved, so they are really a sort of decaying average, allowing for changes in access pattern over time.

There's a minor trick of using a simple Bloom filter (the post says "single-bit minimum-increment counting Bloom filter", but that is just a Bloom filter, isn't it?) as a 'doorkeeper', so you don't bother tracking frequency for objects until they are accessed for a second time. This helps if you have a long tail of objects which are only accessed once, because it means the main frequency counter can focus on a small subset of objects, and so be more accurate.

The actual cache is split into two parts. New objects are added to the first part, which is managed by simple LRU. When objects are evicted from the LRU queue, their access frequency is examined, and if it is high enough, the object is added to the second part. The use of frequency like this is called a cache admission policy.

There are a lot of details I don't understand. Mostly to do with how a cache admission policy is used in a two-part cache, rather than anything to do with Window-TinyLFU.

How is the second part of the cache managed? LRU? Or do you evict the object with the lowest frequency?

What is the frequency threshold for adding something to the second part?

Are objects added to the first part if they have only just been added to the doorkeeper? Or only if they were already known to the doorkeeper? Does the doorkeeper also get reset occasionally?

What are the relative sizes of the first and second parts? Do they change?

Is an object ever added directly to the second part? You might have an object with high historical frequency, but which has been evicted because it wasn't used recently.

I couldn't find a good general overview of cache admission policies.
"To English-speakers’ eyes the difference between “Crabhouse” and “Clubhouse” are quite clear, but that’s not necessarily the case in other languages. In Japanese, the pronunciation of the letters “l” and “r” are largely interchangeable, as are the English vowels “a” and “u” in many cases. “Crab” and “club” is one such case and to make matters worse, when rendered in Japanese katakana script they become identical: クラブハウス."

This is clearly a purposefully confusing/punny name (it's unclear whether they made any money from downloads or if it was just an elaborate joke)... - it doesn't seem particularly draconian for Apple to wield their hammer in this particular instance...
Would it be possible to run the cache in a separate process/thread and then somehow mark that process/thread as sacrificial?
I am a happy Wayland user, and have been for a long time. There are many more out there. You don't often hear us because we don't spend every waking hour shitting on Xorg and praising Wayland for how good it is (maybe we should?)

>I wonder if it will ever reach the adoption level of x11

It will, considering that Xorg is effectively no longer maintained and its developers have switched to working on Wayland protocols long ago, which they have stated on multiple occasions.

Somehow I doubt that the loudmouths you often hear will step up to maintain X.
NetBSD userland can be built with GCC or clang so it could be an option to use GCC for Minix.
She can't make this every year. Nothing is guaranteed especially in Freelance.
Pasting seems to almost work too; it deletes the character after the `-` instead...
Jesus christ this place is toxic by design.

I bet you the high karma people click on your profile to see how much karma you have before they push you down.

Eventually the HN database will leak, it's inevitable, I'll make sure to grab a copy then.
Are there any good articles on the reasons behind some of this stuff? Like beyond performance bit-twiddling, are there issues due to a lot of extra layers for more pluggable infrastructure?

I just don't get how the gulf can be this wide on something so many devs are clearly frustrated about.
Not only "climate models"... a large chunk of scipy is just a thin Python layer over decades-old Fortran code. That many physicists chose to use the real thing instead of the fisher-price interface speaks in favor of them.
If they used BTC exclusively they wouldn't have foreign currency exchange risk. Instead they would have alternating periods of hyperinflation and hyperdeflation, coupled with highly uncertain tax liabilities, because taxes are still paid with real money. So, not much better. And this is assuming that there are no technical limitations or prohibitive costs preventing the adoption of BTC as exclusive currency.
If anything, that should be a serious incentive to do honest business and treat customers well. Imagine being the only one of your generation known by name to the world 3500 years later... because of an accidentally preserved complaint about your service.
I've reversed those two since I use the clipboard a lot more frequently.
The same thing you "owned" before: the token.

An NFT is just a pointer. Unless you have a contract specifically transferring additional rights, you literally just bought the pointer.
Obviously the author means inflation exceeding the 2% target that various central banks agree is necessary for a healthy economy:

> Since the 1990s central banks have been given the target of keeping inflation low. 2% has been the goal. But in practice as this diagram shows, the trend was already strongly downward before central banks were given this goal.

If you want to argue that 2% is too high then feel free to do that. But it’s not helpful (to you or other commenters) to take the most facile and ignorant reading of the article possible, and then wonder why the first chart “contradicts” the author.
One place they do have a point (for AVR-based Arduinos at least) is how damned inefficient the basic IO stuff is.

Look at this, for crying out loud![0] All of that assembly for no good reason. The pin mode only requires one or two instructions. If there's no timer config needed, a digital write is a single instruction, as is a digital read.

Even my amateurish attempts[1] (granted, with a C++17 feature) resulted in a better performing, less error-prone result, which is also easier to read.

[0] https://godbolt.org/z/1x57Ta

[1] https://godbolt.org/z/xMex4o
Kind of sad that this is the first comment. Putting someone down. Whatever makes you sleep at night I guess...
Maps of Europe in XIX Century
Where Does Growth Come From? (2016)
It's sort of a more pythonic HAML with good JS tooling is how I would describe it.
Would tcc or pcc work?
I think "a lot of research" is not actually accurate.

Eat a varied diet with enough calories, make sure you are getting enough b12 from either supplementation or in fortified foods and when in doubt use a nutrition tracker like Cronometer. I would give almost the same advice to anyone about their diet (except maybe the opposite with caloric intake).
I would like to believe you but my experience is that naturally toxic personalities will always be at an advantage at a toxic environment. First of all because for them it's not a process of identifying patterns, coming up with a response and then implementing it. It's like a scuba diver vs a fish in water. Every morning before work you have to check your scuba diving equipment for weaknesses, put it on and the tank will only last so long - metaphorically meaning that engaging toxicity for a healthy person is excpetionally draining on many levels.
I don’t think this is the case. Particularly if you move past 1d numpy numeric arrays. And even in the simplest case of say a 1d float32 array, Arrow arrays are chunked which means there is significant overhead if you try to use an arrow table as your data structure when using Python’s scientific/statistics/numerics ecosystem.
The problem is that it's a slippery slope.

Analogy: telephone is like real-life conversation -> chat is like telephone -> social media is like chat -> now look where we are.
9front still works.
The tooling isn't particularly nice, but on Android it is clearly possible.
I’m not, I’m well aware that around these parts they don’t sell gallon-buckets of soda in gas stations...

I was just pointing out how you mentioned “Western” diet, but I don’t think that’s a thing.
A Deno persistent, embeddable and optimized NoSQL database for JavaScript and TS
Have you tried the online version? Although I don't think I have high expectations from my mail client, I made the switch some time ago and there wasn't any feature I missed.
I understand the issue a bit differently. If a user writes some content that stays as a comment somewhere and it is defamatory, then the user is responsible. So far, so good. This is what 230 used to address.

But the real issue at play is that an algorithm decides that this content will increase engagement within the platform. And it actually does. Now, I think the company behind this algorithm is responsible for the defamation. For example Facebook uses the current law to hide and so all its fight with disinformation is subject to keeping the same engagement levels, which is obviously a very hard task. (We tried hard, but the problem is too difficult).

While the first case is good to address, the second one has severally outgrown it. Thus, so many people are even willing to give up something in order to address it.
Had to create a new account, and use a vpn to reply to you. I broke some rule that isn't clearly defined on the site, and it's not indicating when I will be able to post again. Is Hacker News actually a place for free discussion of curious minds?

Thank you for your answer - It's helped me in multiple dimensions. The sentiment that important discussion need be entertaining makes me sad, but it is what it is. Be well.
> So the short answer to "why not add solar panel cleaning devices" is that they don't need them!

> By the time the dust takes down the spacecraft, it will have completed its mission. It's an element of disposability, though NASA probably wouldn't characterize it that way.

I don't think that's a very compelling answer. The thing to ask, I guess, is whether they would have added them anyway if they were very cheap and lightweight.

If yes then "it was a waste of resources for the designed mission" hits much closer to the real reason. But if no, it means the real reason is "bureaucratic maneuvering caused a longevity problem on purpose" which is really bad.
Yup. Right now there is a rush to invest in African loan apps that have finally found ways to scalably extend credit to poor people in African countries. Hits a sweet spot between doing good and making business sense. There are also big investments in Africa into IOT companies that enable hire purchase for solar-powered home devices. Same sweet spot
Doesn't make sense, to be honest. If you're that good, you have your own network, right? Why would you need someone else's platform?
You can use PSI for that. And it actually makes more sense when all applications listen on the global PSI indicators so that if one application would start thrashing another can free up memory cooperatively. But if needed it can also be done per cgroup.
An enterprise IWMS system I worked on solved this by charging only for enabled accounts. An admin could enable or disable accounts, and every month a report would show how many unique accounts were enabled that month and determined the billing. That shouldn’t be that hard to implement for airtable or any other SaaS, so it is puzzling why that option isn’t offered.
“So this just happened.”
I don't think I'll answer to a comment calling me a fascist. Comparing Algeria before independence and the current status of overseas France is dishonest.
Though, there isnt guarantee that someone will keep hosting these? Similarly as with torrents the seeders might go away.

Maybe marginally better than URL but not very much IMO.
Well, they do depend, in the sense of it's listed in their dependencies.

Yes, they could change. But that would be something that had to be chosen, it's not automatic. I'm reminded of openssl: while it wasn't even unmaintained, it was "undermaintained" to the extent of critical security holes, and both the effort to fork it and simplify and the effort to replace with modern from-scratch versions have been a bit fraught.

(Perhaps the real rule as to who the "maintainer" of something like this is "who has to panic when a security hole is reported")
This is nitpicky. There's 2 graphs; the second one is totally readable... The first one gets it's main point across just fine.
> Non-real number example: OG1 was selling 100 books/month by 2012. After piracy this dropped to 60 books/month. For instance, August 2012 had sales of 100 books, and by November 2012 it had dropped to 60 books/month. Over time, this slowly tapered from 60 to 50 to 40 to 30 to 25 books/month by 2015-2016. That's how drastic things were.

If post author had correctly identified the time that the book started getting pirated, the drop in revenue in that 3-month period is much more drastic that before and after, and is the most likely cause (another cause would need to have very compelling evidence).
Is 150,000 downloads enough to attain "hit" status in the iOS world? On Android, anything less than half a million or so is somewhat niche. 150K is a respectable number, but just saying.

Also, was the takedown initiated by the Clubhouse owner? Seems like the ill will they have created is not worth whatever imagined advantage.
White rice maybe. Eat whole carbs like most humans have for most of human history and you will be fine.
School killed my interest in reading, specifically, lazy teachers that used test bank questions. Who wants to read for pleasure when there is constant pressure to retain every minute detail in case it's on the test? It's been 10 years and I'm still learning how to read like a normal person again.
OBS is working already with wlrobs.

https://hg.sr.ht/~scoopta/wlrobs
Just to clearify:

ク = Ku

ラ = Ra

ブ = bu

Crab would be Cu-ra-bu (Kurabu)

Club would be Cu-(l/r)a-bu (Kurabu)
Already there

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.GAIBAKO.Cr...
In that regard Linux is much worse than Windows. In Windows you basically never go out of memory in a way to lock the system, sice the OS reserves some memory for its functions. It will block applications, but the operating system remain responsive.

In Linux I was never been able to generate a similar behaviour. No matter how aggressive I set the swappiness, the system didn't began to swap until it was practically locked up with the mouse pointer lagging.

Windows reserves some memory for its functions, for example the UI (maybe the fact that the GUI is in the kernel helps), and thus doesn't have these kind of problem, especially with an SSD (and I know that page file on SSDs is not ideal... but had a disk for 5 years swapping on it and never had a problem).
*Tim Burton
OpenCL as implemented by AMD is definitely not very usable.

AMD themselves aren’t really committed to OpenCL given the state of their OCL 2.x drivers and went to their own AMD-only path (ROCm/HIP), which is broken... (and only supported on a single gen of customer GPUs today, Vega) It doesn’t even work on RDNA or RDNA2 officially today.
Ironic, that. I'm happy to be the one person trying to coin this phrase.
Those aren't problems, they're solutions. The problem is in your head.
> The most commonly cited drawback of OS-level threads is that they use a lot of RAM.

"RAM" is inaccurate in that sentence.

It's important to realize that the common knowledge "you can't have 10k threads" comes from 2 decades ago when we were running 32-bit CPUs.
A thread may only need a couple pages of RAM; but it needs a whopping 1 MB (or more) of virtual address space (at least with default stack sizes). You simply can't start 10k threads in a 32-bit process, as you'd need 10 GB of address space. OS-level threads use a lot of address space and thus were unsuitable for the C10k problem back in the day. But in 64-bit world, 10 GB is nothing, the address space usage can almost be ignored and the RAM usage is much less bad. (but: RAM usage of page table entries also needs to be considered. the article forgot about this)

Of course, just because it works now doesn't mean that 10k threads are a good idea.
insert your dearest meme

hubble: recovers after software glitch
rustafarians:
> You can get bitten by a similar problem without closures if you stick a loop variable in an array.

Surely only if you store it indirectly, otherwise it'll be copied into the array.
Because online games have latency and jitter, if your client isn't aware of a player before it walks around a corner you'll get a very annoying pop-in effect as the player "appears" small distance from the corner. I believe SCUM is a game that have this.

This kind of culling is also quite resource intensive on the server for games that have many players, large maps or complex geometry.

CSGO has partly implemented this, your client only gets information through some walls and objects, so you cannot see a player on the other side of the map. But it has quite simple maps and is overall not a complex game.
You can run applications over the network with (edit: waypipe, not pipewire, I mix up the names every time), which works quite well. Technically it's not "transparent", but it isn't on X either because pretty much 0 UIs today draw themselves using X11 primitives, they just draw their own buffer and get X to display it.
Before I trigger panic attacks, I do have to note that humans abstract away reality until we can handle it, whether it's in engineering, manufacturing, physics, food supply chains, sociology or anything else. This is effectively how our society operates: mostly that problems we don't deal with directly are taken care of by somebody else in good faith. That is not to say we can't mitigate reality if we're willing to put in the price, but except in mathematics we are never building on first principles.
* An NFT is just a pointer - could contain a URL, or just a number used by its smart contract.

* The artwork is just pointed to, it's not on the blockchain.

* The URL may or may not exist for any given length of time either. (Even some NFTs that tried to point to IPFS, actually pointed to an IPFS redirector.)

* No other rights - copyright, moral rights, reuse rights, etc - are conveyed without an explicit contractual transfer. Even the Christie's deal says, once you dig through the 33-page sales agreement, that you are just buying the token itself, and not the image pointed to.

Also, you have zero guarantee that the artist had anything to do with that particular NFT - and there's a lot of NFT grifters "minting" other people's art.
> I don’t know how I feel about Wayland.

Me neither. On the one hand I switched over 2 years ago and it worked fine for the most part, there a still a few things missing. One of the things were headless displays and it seems like there will be something like that in GNOME 40 - though probably experimental.

What bothers me most is that innovation is so difficult. Everything needs to be standardized first and then implemented in all different desktops like KDE and GNOME each in their own way. And this process is extremly slow. Back in the Xorg days many cool programs were made by independent users (for sceensharing, automation etc.). Writing a new Desktop or porting over one from X is almost impossible, were it not for wlroots. I wonder if we are not sacrificing too much in the name of security (OK an evil program can not keygrab and control other windows, but it can still read all my SSH keys etc.).
Some tweet about bot interactions on a github PR from 2019.

> So this just happened:

- a bot found a vulnerability in a dependency
- a bot sent a PR to fix it
- the CI verified the PR
- a bot merged it
- a bot celebrated the merge with a GIF
Cool I will look into this. Thank you
You're going to have to contextualise this.
>The owner of this website (postmates.org) has banned the country or region your IP address is in (HU) from accessing this website.

:|
Her secret? She is lying.

In all honesty, This sounds like an ad for fiverr. Get rich with a 40 hour work week by doing something anybody can.
Anecdotally both macOS and Windows have handled mixed DPI just fine for me.
I would hate for people to be looking at Hitler in 100 years going:

"Well he did these horrible things to Jews, but he did revitalize the German economy and the repercussions of his actions led to the european union and european peace eventually. And the 20th century was such a violent time, standards were different, they had two huge global wars. You had Stalin, Mao, countless african warlords, people were used to cruel dictatorships"

There are already people today who look at Hitler as a hero. We don't look kindly on these people.
Ray tracing itself works since the launch of Nvidia GPUs that can do it in Vulkan.

What's being worked on is DirectX Ray Tracing.
You are being overly literal. When people colloquially say "inflation is bad" or "will be a problem", they mean "high inflation", for some meaning of 'high', like >4% or some such.

US inflation was around 3% during in 1990s, and yet there was an economic boom at that time. See also 1950s.

And yet people are freaking out because there's an uptick in US 10 year bonds at the moment… to 1.6%… which is where things were in January 2020 (pre-pandemic).

If a massive US spending bill only (only!) gets us to where things were before the economic conflagration, then it shows how much in the economic hole things are, and how much things need to be filled in to get back onto stable economic footing.
> Unlike green threads of typical runtimes, I don't know of native threading that releases no longer used stack space, until .. I guess the thread is destroyed, so sporadic large stack use on can blow up your memory.

They don't. Although if you know that may be a concern for your application you can easily enough `madvise` after calls which may map significant amounts of stack, in order to release it.
Swiss Scientists Invent Method for GMO-Reset (1988) [video]
That's pretty much always true. Actually making those better tools turns out to be a hard problem.
> I haven’t heard anyone singing it’s praises yet about how happy they are to use it.

I'm no expert on either X11 or Wayland. But I can tell you that happy people are usually silent while unhappy people are noisy.
You are asserting that he and other commenters to follow are taking "the most facile and ignorant reading of the article possible" on what grounds?
Open Source Microservice Mocking: Introducing Mockintosh
If I’m reading that study correctly, it’s measuring when drivers actually operate the touchscreen while driving. That’s a bit different from driving a car that happens to have one.

Every Model 3 has one, and they’ve been made in large numbers since 2018. It seems like we’d have the numbers by now if it were the threat it’s claimed to be.
JWST is fundementally a different type of space telescope from Hubble, all of which contribute to its costing:

* It's being deployed at L2 Lagrange point instead of LEO - so the launch costs are even higher.

* HST had the insurance of knowing that repair was possible - JWST does not (both due to it's location and lack of capability) and so everything drags on even more to try to reduce risk

* JWST is technically more complicated. The thermal management system needed, and entire origami unfolding mechanism alone would make it more complicated and expensive. This doesn't even start looking at the optics.
I was at this event, and because I was friends with the organizers, I got to go to reception afterwords. Noam was far more interested in the shrimp buffet than he was in talking to me, but it was very funny to watch Noam Chomsky suffer through my friend's dad describing to him the plot of Oliver Stone's 'JFK'.