skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Below is a collaborative answer from myself and my colleague, Phil Burk who is a SWE on the audio framework team.

Thanks for your interest in the details of Android Latency measurement techniques.

Some of the measurements were collected by third parties. We cannot describe their techniques but they are probably similar to ours.

We use OboeTester to measure latency. You can find a description of how to measure Tap-to-Tone Latency and Round Trip Latency in this doc:
https://github.com/google/oboe/blob/master/apps/OboeTester/d...

We do not use the Larsen Effect any more because it was too sensitive to variations in gain. We now use a random encoded bit stream that sounds like a short noise burst. We can get a better correlation peak with that signal.

> Many of the latency measurements break the latency down between
> audio downlink and uplink.

It is very hard to separate the input and output latency without special hardware (like the WALT device).
You can measure combined input+output latency using a loopback test. Input latency tends to be much lower than output latency. This is because, when the full duplex stream is stable, the input buffer is close to empty and the output buffer is close to full. Then, if there is a preemption, the input buffer fills up and the output buffer drains, providing glitch protection.

You can measure touch+output latency using tap-to-tone. The screen touch latency is about 15-30 msec. If you use a hardware MIDI controller (like a keyboard or drum pad) instead of tapping the touch screen then you can get a “touch” latency of about 1 msec (MIDI is a lightweight and low latency protocol). Then you can get a better estimate of just the output latency.

> The android doc discusses using a GPIO to have a zero-latency signal.

We don’t normally use that technique because it requires special hardware.

> I found oboetester, splatency, drrickorang, and google walt.

Our group supports OboeTester.

> The first interesting thing is that oboetest, drrickorang, and walt seem to need an external jack-based dongle.

The lowest latency path is usually over the headphone jack (either through 3.5mm or USB dongle). To test this path you do need a "jack-based dongle" aka loopback adapter.

The reason why wired headphones usually give you lower latency is that OEMs often introduce digital signal processing for the speaker to improve the acoustics/quality, which can introduce additional latency. Side note: this is why you will often see "best with headphones" on games and music apps.

That said, OboeTester will work over the speakers and mic in a quiet room. That is because the new random bit technique is more robust.

> I'd like to script these tests.

OboeTester can be scripted. We use it for continuous integration testing. https://github.com/google/oboe/blob/master/apps/OboeTester/d...
Am I in Manhattan? Or Another Sequel to ‘Blade Runner’?
People do that with physical land too... Isn't that much worst? What about sitting on gold, or Bitcoins?
This is very interesting taking the carbon at the source of one of the most polluting transport industries. Which immediately made me think of one of the most powerful facts I know. That the largest 15 cargo ships in the world produce more pollution than all the cars in the world.

This leads me to ask a question: could this technology be scaled up to work on ships, specifically cargo ships? As removing their carbon output at the source would be highly beneficial to the planet.
>I live in Scotland. We've gone from ~15% renewable electricity to >90%, replacing fossil fuels.

No you didn't. That number is a ratio between consumption (i.e. how much energy Scotland consumes from ALL sources) and renewable production, but it doesn't actually mean you consume 90% of renewable energy. In other words, if you overproduce in the afternoon but can't use that energy it counts to 90% even though that energy wasn't consumed. It's not nothing because it means you can export it but the real consumption of renewable energy is around 45% wind (solar is inconsequential), with Hydro and Nuclear at around 35%, and the rest composed of fossil fuels and trivial amount of biomass [1].

And let's not understate the geography of Scotland, one of the windiest countries in the world (or at least Europe), that makes wind extra viable. Great! I'm not against wind power. I'm against unrealistic expectations of what wind and (shudder) solar can actually do on a global energy generation scale.

(Also, Scotland is a tiny region with a population akin to a city - it isn't a good model for anything on the global scale)

>Go look up a list of countries that have, say, >70% renewables and explain to me why they are managing something you claim is impossible.

Great idea. Go through the list [3] and you'll see that the >70% renewable in pretty much every case is a result of hydro power (or nuclear if you're talking about low carbon emissions).

Hydro is great if you have the geography for it, but even Hydro is not good enough for many environmentalists. I know in the recent election (in Maine) the green party was against building transmission lines to import hydro power from Quebec [2] ... because why import hydro when you can power your state on good intentions. Crazy environmentalists are a huge hindrance to lowering emissions.

[1]https://scotland.shinyapps.io/Energy/?Section=RenLowCarbon&S...

[2]https://www.sunjournal.com/2019/12/04/green-party-calls-for-...

[3]https://www.electricitymap.org/map
Six European countries suspend use of AstraZeneca vaccine over blood clot fears
Really burying the lede by not mentioning the 15 percent lignite production. That produces about 3 to 4 times the undesirable pollution than natural gas.
Even the wooden artifacts inside are being rebuilt. I was in Ise watching the rebuild the previous time. Bridges, buildings, everything. The new building is built beside the old building, a new bridge beside the old one and then you tear down the old ones (and that material is then re-used at other smaller shrines). Next time you swap back.
I was wondering about this system until someone in an Ise pub handed me a leaflet where it was all explained.
The Japanese believe that what's important to keep is the knowledge and the craft - how to build the things. The actual buildings aren't important - the history is in the craft, not in the buildings themselves. If nobody keeps building then the "how" is forgotten and the historical buildings will then just degrade and disappear over time anyway. And I understand that completely. I've watched how very experienced people try to recreate the techniques of building old boats, and even after years and believing they "got it right" there are still gotchas (and near-fatal disasters). So the Japanese figure that rebuilding everything every 20 years is just enough to transfer knowledge and the "how to" to younger people. A good millennium of rebuilding is a good track record in that respect.
> apple times i

To be fair, Apple has been doing this (multiplying things by i) for a while now. Not that they have given any explanation why.
As a "devops" engineer, I can say with total confidence that complexity is rarely the right answer. When it is, it's because that complexity is the lowest pain point in a calculation that has itself become complex.
But you can’t share your desktop.
Buy California Drivers License
> If I buy a macbook, do I get to replace the case? keyboard?

I would be happy if I got to replace the battery, and the SSD. You know, those two parts with a limited lifespan right from the start...

Instead, guess what is soldered to the mainboard in newer Macbooks? Yes, those two.
I'm sure I've spend less time downloading the zip, opening it, and seeing a "agpl.txt" file than you did writting that comment.
I mean thats great and all but I really very much prefer to be the sort of person who remembers to remove their laundry.
Is this some sort of abuse protection, where people use gmail as free storage?
Have your lips melted down from the last banana which you have ate? Or from water which you have drunk? Surprise! The former contains noticeable amount of radioactive potassium-40 and the latter contains radioactive tritium.
Club Kaleidoscope
The obvious disconnect is whether they actually did have the right to use this domain. Where I'm from you may not mislead with advertising, which includes buying Google ads with your competitors' names. I place this domain name issue squarely in the same bucket.

I do see how someone with, say, more adversarial US background may have a different opinion.
OK, so somebody sends an email to one of those cute emoji addresses he has the service implemented for. Now the recipient hits reply - where does it go? From article I understood he did some forward service in order to avoid direct emoji domain blocking. So the recipient will hit reply and at the "Send to" field will be the email address of the normal domain, not the emoji one. How do you overcome this?
It is alarming, but, in the three examples of plane crashes the planes all overshot the runway. I don't know what the expectations are in those cases. Is it unreasonable to expect nothing to fail?

Just like JIT, the quest for greater efficiency makes systems less robust. Were these failures anticipated due to engineering tradeoffs or due to the manufacturing issues?
You need a TLD but IIRC, the second level is not required. So you could have something like `http://google`, which I think, Google actually had at some point in the past. Cannot however find anything related to this anymore.
I think the Cisco attitude (my experience) is more focus on value-driving features rather than "maintenance". Unfortunately, robust user experience ends up being more expensive than starting over sometimes with that attitude
This was helpful:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6_address#Scoped_literal_IP...

Apparently it's possible to embed interface name into an address:

fe80::1ff:fe23:4567:890a%eth2

The article also points to an alternative solution - embed interface index into an address:

fe80:3::1ff:fe23:4567:890a
My personal rules for this are:

1. If I haven't used the domain in 2 years, it's never going to happen so I will let it lapse

That in itself may not be enough, as you may become attached to some of the names, because they're just too good. So there is also rule 2:

2. Max 12 domains at any time (1 for each month), to keep costs reasonable.

If I'm at 12 domains, and I have a really good idea for another one... I have to weigh it against the existing domains and either not register it -- or immediately turn off auto renew for whichever other domain lost against my brilliant new idea.
Three categories? That kind of complexity requires at least two artificial neurons.
Why Vanilla JavaScript?
Yeah, from the comments on the blog: "The German market would be Germany, Switzerland and Austria. That's over a hundred million people. Works for me "
Excellent comment. Of course it got downvoted becuase the economic truth doesn't work for those who are ideologically inclined to negate it.

In past 20 years I squatted on few domains but never sold any of them (I just thought I'd first buy them and later see what to do with them, if anything).

But most commenters here are upset about people like me even though I didn't make any profit - in fact I spent hundreds of dollars to hang onto them for years, subsidizing cost of running a registrar, and everyone benefited from it.

> Only authoritarian technocrats would propose it could work and be managed, and they'd come up with all sorts of absurd regulations and systems that had to be followed & implemented perfectly in order for it to even function badly.

They know that, but they still want it. Because all you need it to make work is to improve algorithms. Nothing has been learned by these folks since Hayek wrote "The Intellectuals and Socialism".

One way to rephrase arguments in favor of squatters is: if they didn't exist, domain name you like would be cheaper and therefore used (not for domain resale purpose) by someone who needs it less than you do. They should be grateful that the domain name you want is $5,000 and not $9.99. :-)
Heh, until they TV will be in an error state or something after you do this....

The solution will be someone building an upscale TV with no ads and no BS. TVs are just too cheap to not go down the adware path hardcore.
20 years between rebuilds is just enough to transfer the knowledge and the craft to the next generation - and the craft is what they want to keep. I wrote a bit more about that in another post.
Sucks that they're squatted but even if they weren't it could be very expensive to buy from a registrar. For me lastname.[anything] was either taken or far too costly. Would have been nice to get though because firstname@lastname.tld is a nicer address than me@firstnamelastname.tld (heck I even prefer my firstnamelastname@gmail.com address... except for all the garbage that mistakenly gets sent to me)
House, Senate Democrats unveil $94B bill to improve Internet access
Most of the functions are syntactically distinct.
Well if you don't care what I care for, why should I care what you care for? I'm not killing my cat so that you can get a new iPhone next year (presumably with an AI chip that can generate virtual cats).
I'm still don't know why emoji's are a thing.
Many engineers are unprepared for the autonomy and freedom they demand
PBS Space Time on Youtube just did an episode on light interacting with gravity. You should check it out.
You have not actually suggested any concrete statements. I still have no idea what he has said about Prism, the best I got is that he linked to an article from his website.

The Right to Read is certainly interesting, maybe not the best written short story, and it is still quite far from having come true. But it is a nice bucket list of things to be aware of while shaping the future, so points for that one.
OVH cloud datacenter destroyed by fire
What is the maximum number of humans a cat has ever killed?
Java 16 and IntelliJ Idea
Ask HN: Why do you hire engineering contractors for mid-term job?
We've been bootstrapping our business for quite some time now (over 7 years) and currently decided to look for mid-term contracts to boost the cashflow.

Did you ever hire a developer for a 3-6 months contract? If so, who are you? What was the purpose of the hire? Where did you look for freelancers?

I am asking as I struggle with this concept a little bit. In the realm of hardcore tech startups it seems like everyone tends to hire devs on full time positions with the desire to build strong and long lasting tech teams - which makes total sense.
You might need to consider that she didn't intend for HN volumes of traffic. Also, it loaded fine for me.
In my region (Piemonte) we certainly do. One of the most distinctive dishes is bagna cauda, which is a dip sauce made mainly of anchovies and tons of garlic. It's usually recommended that you eat it before a day where you don't have to go out and interact with other people because you'll smell really badly of garlic :)
> There's a big downside to using .kz in that the registry has a policy (as per https://nic.kz/rules/) that .kz hostnames must relate to "Internet resources" located on hardware and software located within the territory of Kazakhstan.

Any country TLD is a potential risk that most western "entrepreneurs" blissfully ignore.

Just a month ago notion.so had troubles with it's domain because .so belongs to Somalia, and Somalia changed some rules around registration and ownership [1]

The same, really, goes for Tonga's http://dev.to, Libya's http://bit.ly or Greenland's http://goo.gl...

[1] https://twitter.com/EpsilonTheory/status/1360239738020634629
IMO the way C programmers avoid dynamic memory allocation because it's so painful is probably the best feature of the language.
> but you can do the same thing with Promises too, right?

No, Promises can only be interacted with within the async framework. There is no ways to

1. Call an async function/get a Promise in a sync function

and

2. “Extract” the value in the promise and use it as naked value.

JS would need e.g. a “stop there, wait for the promise to result, unwrap its content and give it to me” instruction to be like Rust in this case.
I don't see a link to it in the article. I've only noticed where it is after another commenter linked to it.
No, it isn't. Dharmaic traditions use both directions.
This read is amazing. This feels as much an exploration as visiting another planet or going to the extremes of the earth.
I always had similar thoughts. Domain squatters provide no value to society, just leech on others that actually build things. Luckily, these days there are a lot more TLDs, so one doesn't have to pay the ransom.

I think there should be a subscription fee for domains in certain TLDs (especially .com) — so that there is a real cost to holding domains. If you are using it for a business, you will have no problem paying the subscription, but if you want to squat on hundreds of domains, it will quickly make your costs unsustainable. The current system where it costs next to nothing to hold a domain encourages squatting.
> Basically, it’s playing unsafe games behind the Go garbage collector’s back, hiding pointers in untyped uintptr integers so Go will be forced to eventually garbage collect things which then causes the finalizer to be invoked to step in and either clean up its lies or clean up the map.

I love this. I hate to love this. It has that fast inverse sqrt flavor to it. Does some crazy stuff, but cordons off the well-documented crazy behind a clean API. Bravo! Golang "worse is better" at it's finest.

Gonna send this to my FP-obsessed friend who thinks humans can never be trusted to write code like this and all future languages should forbid any kind of manual memory management. I told him "have fun writing a kernel or driver in that kind of language", he wasn't having it. I'm sure this will irk him to no end.
https://github.com/casey/just#janus

they end up here https://github.com/casey/janus/tree/master/fetch
Lord Shiva CSS-Image Art
Quantum firmware and the quantum computing stack
Chris Sacca Unretired: The Billionaire Investor on Biden, Crypto, NFTs
I'm not old and I hate it. I don't even know how to insert an emoji on a computer.
This service doesn’t support even sending, just receiving. So I don’t think there is DKIM even considered.
You'd be wrong - lots of data and very precise targeting can multiply the effectiveness of some kinds of ad campaign by 10x. That's the kind of change that turns an unviable business into a viable one.

I suspect that if ML based targeting gets as good as it theoretically could (ie. The ads predict what I need before I even think I need it), there would be another 10x gain.
They didn't solve storage. They produce a lot of wind power at certain times that they can't use and that's where the 90% comes from. The actual consumption of renewables is on the order of 40%-50%. Not nothing, but not 90% ... not even close.
Like how many UK businesses and individuals had to give up their .eu domain name after leaving the EU.
Looks like their website is built with Hugo[1], and Hugo automatically generates RSS. So you can grab it manually if they don't provide a link for it by appending index.xml in the section URL.

Here's the one for the blog: https://asahilinux.org/blog/index.xml

Might be nice if we have an actual link to the RSS somewhere in the blog though.

[1] https://github.com/AsahiLinux/AsahiLinux.github.io
But what if the cost of nuclear energy were to come down by a factor of 3? Nuscale's SMR cost is about $3BN/GW, while the cost of Vogtle 3-4 is about $10BN/GW.

The cost of solar has a lower bound: even if panels become free, you still need to buy the rights to the land where you mount them. The cost of solar has come down a lot lately, but there's not much scope to come down further, if you look at the total cost.
> It works.

Hah, that's exactly what he complained about (the part I quoted in my other comment) - even if it doesn't work, there's no reason to claim that "it works" and keep insisting on central planning.

What if there's no YourCompany Oy in Finland?
Why should someone need to go through the bureaucratic procedure of registering a company in order to get yourcompany.fi? Or why should the domain be wasted?
What if there's YourCompany Pets and YourCompany Swimming Pools, who gets YourCompany? Or two John's Bakery Oy? More bureaucracy, more rules, more lawsuits, more unused domains, higher taxes, etc.
10 Largest Cats in the World
This is wrong on two levels: while many people have been buying more online, local stores certainly didn’t disappear (for that matter, the books we bought online last year came exclusively from two local bookstores), and buying online doesn’t only mean eBay.
Googling Strangers: One Professor's Lesson on Privacy in Public Spaces (2019)
So if you want to make a quick buck, you find a good domain name, build a fintech, use the investor money to buy your own domain and let the startup die out.
Gmail already is free storage, AFAIK it shares you data quota with you Google drive account.

Most likely this is a 'mail-loop' prevention. If you setup two accounts that forward to each other, then emails will be stuck in an infinite loop. Inject a couple of multi-megabyte emails into that loop and you can take down the entire service. This is effectively a DOS attack.
Roughly "down to earth", the opposite of image-obsessed.
Because we have no choice. We ideally need better storage solutions or something like cheaper fission to keep the price of energy down, but we need to avoid a climate disaster even more to keep the price of living down.
Didn’t know about Cogent and HE, that’s unfortunate.

I was reading recently about whether you can get IP allocations and it seemed to me that ARIN basically requires that you show that you’ll be using some large percentage of addresses right away and keep growing that usage. Basically they seem to want to give them to ISPs or hosting providers. Can you can your own IPv6 block as a private small business?
Cenos Antenna Design v1.0 testers needed
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(Software for currently for MS WINDOWS only)
If we follow the logic of the article's author to the end, then JS doesn't have this problem either. You can await on non-Promise values, so can just say that everything is red, add await to every function call and call it a day.
It stops unnecessary pollution when dealing with code you cannot control.
Often you couldn't care less about the asynchronicity of some calls.
Sometimes it's not even obvious why some things are async at all.
You're forced to make your code async even when it was never meant to be async as per your mental model.
Roblox: David Baszucki worth $4.6bn as shares soar
A lot of languages don’t have gendered pronouns. They/them is grammatically correct.