skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This first link makes me absolutely furious. There's too much to quote from here, but this succicnt excerpt touches on the water test. It goes into more detail in another part of the article. The post has numerous example of very concerning issues.

> When valves leaked, more leakage was allowed — up to 20 times the original limit. When rampant cracking caused radioactive leaks from steam generator tubing, an easier test of the tubes was devised, so plants could meet standards.

https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna43455859

> The proposal comes as most of the nation’s nuclear power plants, which were designed and built in the 1960s or 1970s, are reaching the end of their original 40- to 50-year operating licenses. Many plant operators have sought licenses to extend the operating life of their plants past the original deadlines, even as experts have warned that aging plants come with heightened concerns about safety.

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/17/climate/nrc-nuclear-inspe...

> The nuclear industry is also pushing the NRC to cut down on safety inspections and rely instead on plants to police themselves. The NRC “is listening” to this advice, the Associated Press reported last month. “Annie Caputo, a former nuclear-energy lobbyist now serving as one of four board members appointed or reappointed by President Donald Trump, told an industry meeting this week that she was ‘open to self-assessments’ by nuclear plant operators, who are proposing that self-reporting by operators take the place of some NRC inspections.”

https://newrepublic.com/article/153465/its-not-just-pork-tru...
I blame all browsers based on Google's work. No-one forces anyone to use blink in their product. I'm no fan of Mozilla either btw. But it's the best option we got.
That is only one of the multiple problems discussed with mass pumped storage. Regardless, the efficiency does matter as if you are attempting to store peak power as %100 of baseline power then your input is no longer free. It is a factor in the energy output of the PV / Turbine over the course of its lifecycle. Lower efficiency means more PVs / Turbines and more massive pumped storage projects.
This gets me interested. Link [1] below shows their implementation of strlcpy(). This is a questionable implementation. With strncpy, the source string "src" may not be NULL terminated IIRC. The git implementation requires "src" to be NULL terminated. If not, an invalid read. EDIT: according to the strlcpy manpage [2], "src" is required to be NULL terminated, so strlcpy imposes more restrictions and is not a proper replacement of strncpy.

Furthermore, imagine "src" has 1Mb characters but we only want to copy the first 3 chars. The git implementation would traverse the entire 1Mb to find the length first, but a proper implementation only needs to look at the first 3 chars. So, they banned strncpy and provided a worse solution to that.

[1]: https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/compat/strlcpy.c

[2]: https://linux.die.net/man/3/strlcpy
Proxy server rotation with a few lines of code and how to use it with Puppeteer
This game is addictive! Good job!
The machines are designed to tolerate fault, but the FAA is designed to not let you take off unless you do a checklist that proves all the engines are working, not just the one you need for a crippled landing. So the system as a whole requires that the FAA not give in to the pressure from industry to sign off on less fault tolerance. It's a difficult issue for systemantics.
Yes. All I really need are Wikipedia, HN, and Python.org and few other programming sites. I don't mind shelling out a few dollars to support them either.
To respond to some of the comments.

It is not that there is anything intrinsically wrong with these functions. You can technically use all of them and I have been using all of them, safely, for decades.

The issue is they are huge traps to the point that in a larger piece of software one can say "well, it's just not worth it".

You can go much, much, much further than that.

In couple embedded projects I worked some of the rules were:

* dynamic allocation after application has started is banned -- any heap buffers and data structures must be allocated at the start of the application and after that any allocation is a compile time error,

* any constructs that would prevent statically calculating stack usage were banned (for example any form of recursion except when exact recursion depth is ensured statically),

* any locks were banned,

* absolutely every data structure must have size ensured, in a simple way, beyond any reasonable doubt,

etc.
I mean, strictly speaking that's just ('just') a memory leak, but still, yikes.
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It's very common for high-end ultrabooks. Just look at the XPS 13 it runs at 4267. https://www.dell.com/ph/p/xps-13-9310-2-in-1-laptop/pd?ref=P....

exactly the same as the Apple M1. It's just the most common high-end memory speed currently nothing special about it.
Big capitalist here. I agree completely. The reason I'm a millionaire instead of a billionaire is that my first priority was always to have a stable family and marriage. I noticed all the billionaires seemed to go through a few wives before settling down. Didn't like what that did to the children, or what I imagined it might have done. This kept me out of SV (and in much more, at the time, stable and family oriented Microsoft country).
> There's also a inclination (not specifically modern) to mythologize traditional institutions. For example, the notion of a medieval knight in full plate.

Indeed, the proverbial rose colored glasses. I think this is where a lot of conservatives get tripped up.

Being willing to make improvements is necessary to avoid stagnation, but it's equally important to remember change is not necessarily improvement (and often isn't).
>I know the common refrain is "Delete Facebook!" but that's the equivalent of abstinence-only education

Not at all; its more like breaking up with a toxic, manipulative, dishonest partner. There's many more fish in the sea and there's many more ways to heathily socialize than just Facebook. Though I suppose people in abusive relationships often have a sort of Stockholm syndrome where they see no alternatives.
I'm not so sure about that. What value does Facebook offer that isn't done better by a dozen other platforms? Most people I talk to openly admit it provides them with no value, but they still idly scroll through their feeds day after day and can never bring themselves to ditch the platform. Simply put, they're addicted. Facebook is widely hated yet wildly successful because they have mastered psychological manipulation.
strncpy() is not a "safer" strcpy(). It can avoid some errors involving writing past the end of the target array (if you tell it the correct length for that array), but it's not a true string function, and it can leave the target unterminated and therefore not a valid string.

http://the-flat-trantor-society.blogspot.com/2012/03/no-strn...
I wish this to be true. I'm in excellent cardiovascular health - low BP, 60 bpm resting heart rate, extensive cardio/endurance activity 4-5 days per week. Utterly miserable every waking hour.
Answering any packet request from your end is enough to uniquely identify you. How do you propose TCP/IP would work without unique addresses?
Christine Tao Raised an Oversubscribed VC Round as a Female Non-Tech Founder
One of PC Magazine Editor's Choice name brand hubs with support for power delivery retails at $30.
The big problem with FLoC, as I see it, is that it makes fingerprinting vastly easier. Your FLoC bucket narrows you down to one of several thousand users, rather than one of several million, and that's before fingerprinting applies.

Ironically, it seems that FLoC makes user tracking easier, not harder.

I see no upside in FLoC for me as a user, and plenty of potential downside. I'm glad I use Firefox.
> Technically C11 has strcpy_s and strcat_s

"Theoretically" is the word you're looking for: they're part of the optional Annex K so technically you can't rely on them being available in a portable program.

And they're basically not implemented by anyone but microsoft (which created them and lobbied for their inclusion).
A fuller explanation and video at https://ContactLink.com
You can on an iPad Pro?
I don’t get the downvote system, sometimes I get downvoted for no reason, sometimes I get downvoted for asking on legit but grey comments without comments why it got downvoted, etc..

Downvoting without providing a reason is indeed demoralizing and toxic imho.
See, you're looking purely in terms of financial economics.

But, just as there are other forms of wealth than financial wealth, there are other forms of economics, like social economics.

Your decision to take the XX% improved pay in the higher COL area surely will improve your balance sheet over a decade.

But what will your peers look like after that decade? Will they be a bunch of 40yo millionaire single people all secretly worried that they took a bad tradeoff?

Will the dating pool be full of careerist greedy types? Or family-focused types?

I've lived all over the US, and can't recommend enough making actual sacrifices for family. As in, yes, less 401k contribution this year, but I get a house proper for raising children and a stay-at-home wife that is extremely happily homeschooling our brood.

So funny, too: Building intergenerational capital for your family is now easier in low CoL areas, because the sacrifices imposed upon children raised in high COL areas are arguably much more damaging than them having smaller college funds.

(specifically: dual-income requirement means less parental time, plus high COL areas have spent the past decade making their schools less competitive in order to eradicate, for one example, the horrid specter of white supremacy from the math classroom, where it has loomed large for generations, apparently, which makes the "but the schools" argument basically irrelevant).

Can't recommend enough: Move to the country, homeschool your kids, spend as much time as possible with them.

Finally, basically the very most common deathbed confession is guilt regarding prioritizing work over family.

Do you actually care about regret-minimization? Or do you really truly care about buying baubles and ensuring your children are just as entranced with the rat race as you and all your peers are? If the latter, stay in SF!
"Impossibly high standards" are different for every person.

I fully expect to be mediocre at something when I start doing it, but I also expect to progress past being mediocre otherwise I see little point in doing that thing.
1. I think the main draw depends on the objectives of the customer. For many the priority is going to be improving retention, but for others it may be increasing revenue per user or driving adoption of another product or feature. Ultimately it all leads to higher retention, that just may not be the main draw starting out.

2. We compile data on the business as if we're underwriting them for a loan, although we never actually lend or take balance sheet risk. We use the data to place them with a batch of lenders (typically about 3) that's going to be the best fit for their risk profile and use of funds. We take the best pricing from the batch to present to the borrower. The goal is to send them to as few lenders as possible while acquiring the best pricing available on the market.
This desperately needs a disclaimer: unless you are only experimenting/learning, keep away from this code. If you're looking for something that you can use in a real project, use SimpleBox from the rbnacl gem.
And I can’t still plug my vga monitor into my iPhone.
Yes... but I'm helping those that weren't alive until 1995 know that these things happened. There are many among us.
> But isn't that a consequence of D "mimicking" C to some extent?

It's true that multi-language backends will inevitably cater to the semantics of the dominant language.

For a related example, I discovered that gdb doesn't pay much attention to the DWARF symbolic debug spec. It pays attention to the particular way gcc generates symbolic debug info. Other patterns, while compatible with the spec, don't work with gdb. Similar problems have happened with linkers.

It's a matter of "do as I do, not as I say".

Since I am the author of DMD's backend, I've been putting in optimizations that do cater to D, rather than just C and C++. For example, in the last few days I started putting in optimizations to take advantage of D's new "bottom" type:

https://github.com/dlang/dmd/pull/12245
The first thing you do is not use any strings. You'll be amazed how much you can get done in languages that aren't so obsessively centered around stringified programming.
They're not part of the standard, but gcc, clang, and icc (Intel) support them. Alternatively, you could emit the correct instructions in an asm block on supported architectures (x86: 'jo'/'jno' for jumps, 'cmovo'/'cmovno' for conditional moves [1]) or reimplement the operations in software [2]

[1] https://www.felixcloutier.com/x86/jcc and https://www.felixcloutier.com/x86/cmovcc

[2] https://wiki.sei.cmu.edu/confluence/display/c/INT32-C.+Ensur....
I would. Every morning, I wake up saying I'm going to log off Twitter for the day as soon as my coffee's done, and most days I end up logging multiple hours of Twitter time.
I would agree with that. I guess that's the actual struggle: get people to agree that preserving the ecosystem as a whole is more important than anything else. I love free software but I 100% can understand differing perspectives.

Commercial use is pretty easy to understand though: are you making money in excess of costs and are not non-profit? Commercial use.

I suppose there are cases where a non-profit can violate the spirit of the law. That's for the courts to decide or you can make it clear by saying non-profits are okay no matter what.
Why work for free in the long run? There are not enough perfect jobs to go around. How do the others find motivation? Throwing money at a problem is a child's solution.
I think they indeed should run at a (low) real-time priority, but only if they are limited to a fraction of total available CPU power, with say cgroups or similar.

Otherwise they can easily lock up the system, and that should not be the default configuration.
Thanks, but it looks like Nova does too many things to my liking.
Because comments can be tedious and get out of sync with the repo. Why not check the git history? I wish more repos could be like this!
Apple clarifies you can’t set a ‘default’ music service in iOS 14.5
Yes listening to the CEO who earn money from good pr is smarter than listening to smart people on HN. Try that life philosophy out elsewhere too.
It would be even nicer if it redefined the call to a safe version and then generated a warning message informing the programmer of the substitution.
>They were already gifted many billions of dollars in the past for this same basic purpose but they pocketed the money. They can just use the free money they've already been given.

I mean they could but they wont, and there was no reason to with Ajit Pai running the place. I daresay they'll have to be sued into compliance to do it now. Not that I object to that: they need to refund the taxpayers' money or do what they promised with it.
In 2001 and 2002, the heart was installed in fourteen patients. That’s when the ambitious plans began to falter. “By nine months, all of them except four had died from either complications or device failure,” Cohn recounted.

I remember as a freshman going to a talk by the AbioMed folks that was very optimistic and rosy about the future, in about 2002. I think video of a patient talking about his artifical heart was involved. How disappointing that things didn't pan out.
This is a grossly inaccurate description of computing at the time of the rise of C. C was competing with Pascal/Modula, BLISS, PL/I, BCPL, and so on, not assembly on punched cards.

The “C competing with assembly” meme was very specific to microcomputer game and operating system development, not more general microcomputer application development, and not to minicomputer or mainframe development.
Also, the world is already overpopulated as it is in my opinion. So not having a kid can be or will be seen as a benefit to society...
Ideas don't have a noumen part and can't appear different from what they are. The error in your example is in association between the idea of zebra and an external object, the idea of zebra itself isn't wrong and isn't illusion and isn't different from some kind of true form of itself.
Blockchain study of 43 solutions finds 0.00% success rate
"Though Blockchain has been touted as the answer to everything, a study of 43 solutions advanced in the international development sector has found exactly no evidence of success.

Three practitioners including erstwhile blockchain enthusiast John Burg, a Fellow at the US Agency for International Development (USAID), looked at instances of the distributed crypto ledger being used in a wide range of situations by NGOs, contractors and agencies. But they drew a complete blank.

'We found a proliferation of press releases, white papers, and persuasively written articles,' Burg et al wrote on Thursday. 'However, we found no documentation or evidence of the results blockchain was purported to have achieved in these claims. We also did not find lessons learned or practical insights, as are available for other technologies in development.'

Blockchain vendors were keen to puff the merits of the technology, but when the three asked for proof of success in the field, it all went very quiet."
Great points. Crypto articles written by non-experts always make me shudder. To baldly assert that AES 256 is better than AES 128 without discussing related key attacks is to miss a critical point, as is simply asserting "CBC good" without considering how AES is used; cf expert guidance to use AES CTR in SSH instead, given plaintext-recovery-based attacks.

Note: I'm not an expert, just a better-than-average-informed worker near the field. I've had the joy and privilege of working with two expert cryptographers and an expert cryptanalyst, and it was a humbling experience: Brains the size of planets and three of nicest, most decent people you'd ever meet.

Side-note: I was working late on a design doc based in part on one of the first PKIX drafts when I came upon something that struck me as odd. The cryptographer responsible for the draft was also working late, so I wandered over to his office and asked about it. Long story short, after we'd drawn and erased a few diagrams on/from his whiteboard, this affable, sweet man fixed me with what I can only describe as a "Cylon stare" and said "So you're saying the lifetime should apply to the key, not the certificate?" When I said "yes", rather more meekly than I'd meant to, the Cylon disappeared and he said offhandedly "OK, I'll update the draft!"

I love working with really smart people. Working with smart nice people is sublime.
> you could instead, as a wild supposition, make all representatives live within 20 miles of the plant to align incentives

Isn't it possible this would increase the chance they had financial ties to the nuclear industry? My initial thought was that if you appointed environmental scientists to monitor emissions in areas without nuclear plants, they could also check the work of other assessors in areas with nuclear plants, to make sure their colleagues were honest, when attending board meetings.

So you would get bright people which were otherwise uninvolved to check the work and listen to what was being discussed.

Another option which would not rely on local election, would be to have Congress appoint 50 environmental assessors, one from each state, which were required to be permanent residents of each state they were appointed to represent, rather than employees of a national office. The assessors would then meet once per year to form a national oversight board.
There's far more critical code in the world running on COBOL and s3[79]0 assembler. COBOL is vastly more important than C.
The whole paper shows implicit interest in taxing/regulating cryptocurrency mining instead of unbiased dispassionate scientific analysis. You can see this explicitly in the last section, starting with

> However, the ability to locate, and re-locate, cryptomining almost anywhere (e.g., following the cheapest, under-regulated electricity source) and fund mining camps from anywhere with complete or near anonymity create significant challenges to implementing effective regulation
I built this to solve a problem of my own: when writing WebAssembly by hand to move some hot loops out of JavaScript-land, it was very annoying to have to update TypeScript type definitions for the module exports in parallel with the WAT source. Now, I can just write WebAssembly, hit "compile", and have the instantiated WebAssembly module automagically importable in TypeScript with all the correct types, which considerably speeds up my development cycle.
I have to ask the obvious about meds
In addition to pjc50's answer:

5) Right now it's probably harder (in most cases) to write a correct formal spec than actually implementing that spec. Otherwise formal specs would be much more popular in general.

6) The proportion of software which is actually algorithmically interesting these days is tiny. I expect something like 99%-99.999% of lines of code are basically stuff that's been done a thousand times before.
From literally any browser you can get a zip of all your iCloud photos and your iPhone/iPad will present itself as a mass storage device on any PC.
I don't think FLoC provides a default - that's the browser's job. We can all guess what Chrome's default will be (although I'd also expect that Incognito will disable or at least reset FLoC), but regulations like GDPR/CCPA might still require affirmative consent.

Re: obnoxiously bad service, frankly I think sites should run however they want as long as they are truly transparent about it (not just a buried EULA). I prefer open sites, but nobody should be forced into service just because I have an IP.
The major questions of biology have already been solved, though. The rest is filling in the details.
I'm not an expert. My knowledge of nuclear physics is limited to some liquid model theory at university (what is basically the simplest model you can find and completely useless), and some empiric data. I also just met this design. But I do know some general principles.

The Wiki page claims very briefly this is a fast breeder design where it says it uses fast neutrons, also, it doesn't mention moderation, that is the process that converts fast neutrons into slow ones.

Now, the thing that makes slow neutron reactions safer is that nothing happens unless the neutrons goes into the moderation medium, so if things deviate from the design, the reaction stops. Fast neutron reactions do not have this property, so any stability must be designed into it. That does not mean that you can't get some passive stability built into it, what it does mean is that it must be actively put into the project, and you must correctly account for any possible failure mode.

Thus, a good rule of thumb is that if somebody is talking about fast reactors and doesn't take 90% of the time talking about safety, then that somebody does not have a viable idea.
Previous discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26288708
But we aren't discussing just these specific APIs/protocols (and I haven't look at them, so I'd have to take your word on that), we are discussing this generally.