skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> If China wants to spend percentages of their GDP building a moon base, sure, why not?

The U.S. spending percentages of their GDP on Apollo got us microchips which lead to the personal computer, etc.

Talk about dividends.
> I have never, ever seen a company where those wikis are actually read.

The problem with documentation is that it is the making of it that creates most of the value. Like so many things the value looks like duplication.
Western Union operates all over the world, you can send money instantly and the fees are lower than Bitcoin's network fees for transactions.
I've been thinking a lot about Roosevelt's Man in the Arena quote this year as I've attempted some things I previously (and still) feel very unqualified for. This attitude has helped me move past those feelings and keep doing.

"It is not the critic who counts; not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have done them better. The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena, whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood; who strives valiantly; who errs, who comes short again and again, because there is no effort without error and shortcoming; but who does actually strive to do the deeds; who knows great enthusiasms, the great devotions; who spends himself in a worthy cause; who at the best knows in the end the triumph of high achievement, and who at the worst, if he fails, at least fails while daring greatly, so that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who neither know victory nor defeat."
Proof of Work and Proof of Stake are not too different in terms of what it would take in order to control the network. Stake and access to computing power are both just functions of being able to assemble sufficient resources so as to represent a sizable enough portion of control.
Why the downvotes? This comment’s dead accurate.
Pyomo: Mathematical Optimization Modeling in Python
Have you considered customizability of some sort?

E.g. allowing people to extend your product, by software or by providing necessary information to easily create 3D printed mounts or alternate frames. Give the users a place to exchange and host their solutions and your calendar could be a presentation platform that others create for without requiring you to do the work yourself.
This also means we cannot currently be sure that any particular type of mind uploading/brain simulation would be “conscious” in the ill-defined everyday sense of the word.

I don't see how this follows from the rest of your post. "Making an AI with wants" by accident implies that a brain simulation would absolutely be conscious because it's the same method: just running the processes as a blackbox without understanding them - no different to the way you and I are conscious right now.
So Bill Gates doesn't think we can do this with a majority solar, wind, and storage. He invented the backslash and has a lot of money, so he is getting a lot of attention.

But has a good computer simulation been made? Just collect annual sunlight data from a million points across the US, along with wind, throw in 200M electric vehicles (can use satellite data and image recognition data to guess how often they are parked for V2G), and see how far we can get towards a 100% green grid.

I haven't seen a computer simulation and yet here is Bill saying it's impossible. Is it? Or is this just another "computers will never need more than 640k" moment?
Citation for which part? That solar and wind have huge land-use requirements compared to nuclear (and even other generation sources)? That we need to increase production of solar and wind collectors by several orders of magnitude to fully replace fossil fuel generated power, and by extension need to increase mineral extraction (rare-earth or otherwise) to build them? That every single collector we build today will need to be land-filled at some point in the future and replaced by another one we have yet to build? That there is no battery technology today that can bridge the intermittency issues of solar and wind in order for that technology to actually power the economy without fossil fuel backup? That global warming is not the only environmental problem we are dealing with?

Those are all statements of fact.
EdgeOS is mostly just vanilla debian with some proprietary configuration tools on top.
I honestly don't understand who's buying the hash power on the other side. I think people start with Nicehash because it's PnP and easy to use. From there you can look at Minerstat which mines directly on pools and offers features like triggers and fancy graphs.

Setting up a miner yourself doesn't take much work but it won't have profit switching or extra cloud features that Nicehash or Minerstat have.
Some of the things you mention are not incompatible with package managers. Have you considered Nix?

I actually agree with the parent post in terms of strongly preferring package managers to other means of distributing software. I've always found Linux much easier to admin than other OSes simply because of package managers.
> The much less important part of crypto is exactly how the shared ledger is assembled

No! It is of *critical* importance how the shared ledger is assembled, because Bitcoin's threat model assumes the World's governments descending upon the shit, eventually!
Vanishingly few - the housecats are the ones threatened - bald eagles eat them for one. Second two smaller ones seldom dawdle on the ground and are neither easy to ambush nor an easy fight even assuming a type small enough to be a threat.

An eagle would need to be essentially already doomed in the wild or very young in a too obvious and accessible unguarded nest which could be threatened by say a squirrel nest raiding.
> face all kind of restrictions

I’m not going to lie, it’s been tough sometimes. Masks are no big deal. It’s the occasional city wide lockdowns have been the worst. But the USA has just shy of 500 000 deaths. (There are 440k men/430k women in SF, if that gives you a sense of the scale of the tragedy). We only had 909 deaths in Australia.

Maybe to you those deaths were worth it so you didn’t have to wear masks? That’s horrific, and I don’t know how to respond to that. I suppose we are different.
You can achieve this by recompiling the software. Cargo will not recompile dependencies that have not changed.
What is a better test?

To me this implies more material will be tested, to the point where the test dictates the course material.
Crystal is a really nice language to me. If it had some large ecosystem behind it and wasn't boring I'd be able to use it to replace my other preferred boring languages of Java (strong engineering focus and long standing systems) and Ruby (beautiful to write and super productive).
> And to add to the "it costs 657.6kWh to process a transaction": energy is used to produce a block, which contains an arbitrarily defined number of transactions. Right now, Bitcoin Core limits each block to 1MB, which works out to about 2k transactions per block. If Bitcoin Core were to increase the limit to say 10MB, the energy used to produce a block doesn't change, but the energy used to process a transaction goes down tenfold.

Oh, it could be somewhat improved. Then it'd be "only" 65 kilowatt hours, compared to ~1 watt-hour for conventional payment networks.

(And, this assumes that the increase in bitcoin price doesn't cause more mining).
Because DNS works with many kinds of addresses, not just IPv4, and you shouldn't have to guess what type of address a record holds based on format.

When you see an MX record with the value 1::8, how should you interpret it? Is it a malformed value? Is it an IPv6? Is it some other protocol that you don't know about?

DNS clients shouldn't have to guess. Instead, the MX record should point to a domain name, and the client should look up the corresponding address record for the protocols it knows how to speak (A or AAAA or whatever else will exist).
It is important to remember what Marc Crispin had to say about this:

> Actually, Postel's principle is misstated. I knew Jon personally. He never advocated forcing implementations to accept bogus protocol, and it is a perverson of Jon's legacy to claim otherwise.

> "Be liberal in what you accept" referred to accepting a wide range of valid protocol, as opposed to accepting only the most common form. If you consider the early protocols, such as Telnet and FTP, it was all too easy to create two compliant and non-interoperable implementations due to each implementation choosing a different subset.

-- https://groups.google.com/g/alt.comp.mail.qmail/c/dcwx0Wc7yp...

> This statement is based upon a terrible misunderstand of Postel's robustness principle. I knew Jon Postel. He was quite unhappy with how his robustness principle was abused to cover up non-compliant behavior, and to criticize compliant software.

-- https://groups.google.com/g/comp.mail.pine/c/E5ojND1L4u8/m/i...
Almost No One Is Evil. Almost Everything Is Broken (2015)
Thank you, looks great. Does it have a replay feature? Didn’t see a reference to it on the readme or the wiki.
Shame has its own way.
Yes and I could go on! Engineering management is brilliant and rewarding, but also very demanding.

I have made plenty of mistakes over 20+ years, and learned the painful way.

All of your problems are people problems, the tech parts are much easier to manage.
If you publish a Python library with pinned dependencies, your code is broken as soon as someone tries to use it with another Python library with pinned dependencies, unless you happened to pin exactly the same version of the dependencies you have in common.

Python libraries should not pin dependencies. _Applications_ can pin dependencies, including all recursive dependencies of their libraries. There are tools like Pipenv and Poetry to make that easy.

This is less of an issue in (say) Node.js, where you can have multiple different versions of a library installed in different branches of the dependency tree. (Though Node.js also has a strong semver culture that almost always works well enough that pinning exact versions isn’t necessary.)
It is the bed central banks have laid for ourselves. They did and continue doing everything in their power to prevent asset price deflation, and this is the result. And I imagine that when things will get even more out of control we will get capital controls.
This is true, Crystal does compile pretty slowly, but this is the cost of its great static type system. The balance between Crystals expressiveness and performance is truly wonderful and a joy to program with
It's maddening to hear people say things like, "Oh if everyone just used semantic versioning this wouldn't be a problem". Of course this cannot work. _Think about it_. There are innumerable ways two pieces of code can be incompatible. ... If you call these things "breaking" changes, you will constantly be increasing the major version.

One of the things that prompted the OP was this breakage in Python's cryptography package [1] (OP actually opened this issue) due to the introduction of a Rust dependency in a 0.0.x release. The dependency change didn't change the public API at all, but did still cause plenty of issues downstream. It's a great question on the topic of semver to think about how to handle major dependency changes that aren't API changes. Personally, I would have preferred a new major release, but that's exactly your point syllogism — it's a matter of opinion.

As a sidenote, Alex Gaynor, one of the cryptography package maintainers is on a memory-safe language crusade. Interesting to see how that crusade runs into conflict with the anti-static linking crusade that distro packagers are on. I find both goals admirable from a security perspective. This stuff is hard.

[1] https://github.com/pyca/cryptography/issues/5771
Recent and related:

United B772 at Denver on Feb 20th 2021, engine inlet separates from engine - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26208555 - Feb 2021 (462 comments)
>As in the solar panels on your house might not be enough to subvert traditional power sources, but it will take some of the stress off the grid

Sure, except that's not really a problem we are trying to solve.

That solar and wind have niche application, sure, I agree. There will always be applications and settings where solar and wind make sense. The argument that is made is that solar and wind can replace fossil-fuel generated power. And sometimes the argument is made that solar and wind can replace fossil-fuel generated power AND nuclear power. That's crazy talk but like I said, as a society we already made the choice to give it a try. We'll lose decades on top the decades we already lost, but it is what it is.
How much of the cost thing like the $1B cooling solution because Diablo Canyon was an “old” design from the 70s.

I’d imagine future investment doesn’t doesn’t mean building more Diablo style reactors.

A big problem that promoting nuclear usually comes with plenty of arguments in the form of the problems of old reactors (like the Tokyo disaster one being built in the 1950s).
you know that after a hurricane it's way harder to restart a nuclear power plant than a wind turbine right?
it's incredible hard to power a nuclear plant if your grid is destroyed. basically you can't start a nuclear power plant with no power at all.
Well even without chip design, for instance if you decrease unit cost, that also has the impact of changing the mining landscape because many more ASIC miners can enter the game.

Also remember an ASIC miner will generally use more than it costs in electricity each year, so a relatively small improvement in hashes / watt makes a big difference to overall profitability.

CPU design is more complex, but also has more people working in the space and has been going for longer. I just get sceptical if someone says this is as good as it is going to get because history shows usually those predictions end up being wrong. As a child I thought Super Mario 64 was as good as computer graphics were ever going to get...
I went on a ride in a jet trainer. The most relevant safety instructions I got were "the only time we bail is if there's an engine fire I can't put out. If I can put it out, we'll glide to an airstrip--this plane is an excellent glider." I have no idea how people who haven't been briefed on engine fires would deal with one.
We do not torrent a lot. I was outlining the ways in which we "bend the rules" when we do. 90-95% of our digital collection is self-ripped.

And no, we do not seed or even upload. That can make it difficult to obtain stuff sometimes (bad/low reputation) but we'll hop proxies if we need to.

And before you ask, we don't feel bad about leeching. It's one thing if someone else wants to contribute to piracy, but I'm not willing to myself. This is a mode of convenience, not necessity. The likelihood that we would be contributing to someone with similar ethical principals is pretty low, so we're thankful to the folks that provide, but could take it or leave it.
>leaves you thinking that using nuclear power at all is incredibly dangerous and foolish

No one in his right mind can state with a straight face that nuclear power isn't incredibly dangerous. It might not be foolish with the right regulations and safety -that can always be debated- but no one can pretend nuclear power isn't incredibly dangerous if they know anything about it. The whole reason for all the regulation is exactly because it is so incredibly dangerous.
I've played with Crystal a number of times and love it. It ticks a lot of the boxes for what I want in a language.

However, there seemed to be some confusion about whether the language could continue with inferred types or whether you'd need to annotate yourself - and what that would mean for compile speeds. I'm hoping those concerns can be resolved
Many people do, in fact, insist the free market solves all problems. Many of them are in public office, many of them in Texas.

In practice, there is nothing your typical free-market evangelist likes better than a government-subsidized monopoly, but preferably without any pesky regulations.
Similarly, I’d be careful about discounting it simply because it was an outlier
Actually it's not a myth. Look up bureau of labor statistics. Women clearly make less than men. I feel something must be done to resolve compensation when controlling for skills, experience, etc, gender alone shouldn't result in lower pay.

https://www.bls.gov/cps/cpsaat11.htm
Allow me to explain one reason to have standardised tests. My last teaching job before retiring was in a school where the administration expected 75% of the students to pass Yr 9 Maths. The Middle School Head had come to my class a number of times to help the students, so she certainly knew what their ability was. It would have been no surprise to her that, rather than 75% passing the test, 75% failed badly. Yet, she was not prepared to accept those results. She pointed out that one particularly disruptive student had passed the previous year. Fortunately, I could point to the standardised test that showed that that particular student was in the bottom 10% in the state. My implication was that his pass in the previous year was fabricated. I was instructed not to hand back any of the students' test results, at that time. I left the school shortly after and have no idea how they would get 75% of the students to pass. But I did know that the standardised results would be a truer indication of that class's Maths ability, than the school's results would be.
Well, let's base it on fukushima then.
I thought this was a joke, but you sounded like someone I know, so I went digging through your history. And sure enough... I particularly liked this bit: "In fact, people quite like me." Hah. It's a small World, Rene. Remember that. Not just because of the bullshit you attach to your name online, but also the bubble you think you can maintain around you in real life.
They said it didn't work. That's all.

I was just correcting that. Bitcoin isn't unable to be run on GPUs or CPUs.

I think that's important to point out.
The problem is there isn't just Debian, there is Debian and arch and Gentoo and nix and guix and freebsd and cygwin (at least).

Then, how do I check who should have merge access to all these directories?
The thing about land use that always got me was that solar can be implemented as a roofing system in parking lots. We have a lot of parking lots out there.

IMO the model used for parking at Lego Land looks like the ideal approach for solar expansion to me.
You're missing something: IPv4 is not the only type of physical address supported by DNS. There is also IPv6, and historically there were others.

Instead of trying to parse the address and guess what protocol it might be, DNS tries to make that unambiguous: you ask it for the A or AAAA records for a domain name you are interested in, and you know for sure that you are getting an IPv4 or IPv6 address respectively.

The only clean alternative would have been to make an MXMXMXMX record type to hold a domain name OR an IPv6 address.
How many AIs can dance on the head of a pin?
What GP meant was that USA treated the child as a US citizen by descent, in spite of the lack of a passport, which is why immigration mandated that the child should have been issued a US passport before traveling to the US. It's natural for a lot of countries that allow dual citizenship to mandate that you travel to said country with the passport of that place.
This breaks the site guidelines, which include:

"Eschew flamebait. Don't introduce flamewar topics unless you have something genuinely new to say. Avoid unrelated controversies and generic tangents [1]."

"Please respond to the strongest plausible interpretation of what someone says, not a weaker one that's easier to criticize."

By that latter standard you could mentally replace the annoying terms with ones that you find more accurate, and then either respond interestingly to the GP's actual point, or perhaps not post anything (since the provocation will have gone away by itself).

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html

[1] By "generic tangents" we're particularly talking about taking HN threads into generic ideological warfare. That's repetitive, tedious, and usually nasty.
> Bitcoin is a store of value. When they need money to buy groceries or pay rent they will sell an amount of bitcoin.

Seems like a great way to lose any stored value in transaction fees. Transaction fees are $26USD right now, which is likely more than what most pay in those countries for their groceries.
>And that is general global instability. E.g., things sure feel like they've come off the rails recently and things I used to take for granted: that competent people would generally be in charge, has been challenged.

There's almost never been a safer time to be alive, and there have been incompetent leaders since time immemorial.

Not even a lifetime ago incompetent leadership caused tens of millions of people to perish because they thought killing all the birds would save more of their crops, among other things.

You've been living in a bubble and/or have been ignoring history, even recent history.
Me too, please! dminkovsky@gmail.com
Although there are similarities 9/11 responders generaly aren't veterans(former soldiers) but police and firefighters and medics (some overlap exists because some were previously soldiers before leaving and becoming firefighters/policemen/etc)

There were several seperate laws passed to pay for their healthcare especially due to toxic air conditions after the attack
A lot of the science is already in on this. The most effective interventions are hygiene (washing hands), masks, social distancing and contact tracing (and quarantining close contacts). This is low tech stuff, which is one of the reasons many poor countries have been able to do very well at controlling the pandemic.

Apparently the #1 predictive factor for a country to have good health outcomes is trust between the citizens and their government. Small countries have done better than big countries, but that may be a side effect of public trust generally being better in smaller countries.

Source: this podcast (based on a study) https://overcast.fm/+YQ31Gx6tw
The open source solutions are primarily for C/C++. A bit for Perl, a bit for Python. But they haven't really moved on. Java has been tacked on since forever. Same for .NET, JavaScript, whatever.

And if you wanted your program propagated to all major distros you'd have to wait a decade.

Nobody has time for that. Not corporations, not mom and pop stores, and I doubt many hobbyists.
Try scanning a dollar bill and importing it in Photoshop.
Introductions and the “forward intro email” (2016)