skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Curious about the history of Apple's different keyboard layout and shortcuts
I use MacOS on the daily and I have a few issues with the keyboard layout and shortcuts that cause a lot of annoyance. I'm curious why Apple does this differently from other OS's and companies and wondering if anyone knows the history behind all of this.

*1. Lack of proper delete key*

Macbooks have a 'delete' key, however they're what is referred to as backspace in both ANSI and ISO standards. It also functions as a backspace, which is to remove the character to the left of the cursor. A proper delete key removes the character to the right of the cursor. Most other 60 keyboard layouts still contain a delete key (see 60/80/100 key layouts for more info) however macbooks dont - which is confusing to me as delete is a fairly common function.

*2. Scrolling by word is option (alt) instead of control*

On every other OS (Linux, Windows, Solaris) you can scroll word by word in a line by ctrl + arrow key. In MacOS, it's option (alt). While this is easy to learn if you exclusively use MacOS, this can get irksome quite quickly if you use external keyboards and switch between Linux, MacOS and Windows (like I do on the daily).

*3. Common modifiers for copy, paste, print, etc use command as the modifier rather than control*

This one is more minor, i'm guessing it's a holdover from the OS 8/9 days, but I wonder if there is is a different reason from this. This also includes other common keyboard commands like "delete" to move a file to trash and "shift+delete" to perma-delete a file. I guess my main gripe here is that you can't remap these shortcuts to more universally accepted key mappings like on Linux and Windows.
Is he in a box with poison?
You can play with a user space port called plan9port (https://9fans.github.io/plan9port/) where you can run the "plumber" executable, edit your rule file and then just invoke the plumb command with some text and context and have it do things. It also comes with the acme editor and other tools.

This way you can have some of the fun of plan9 but keep your modern amenities such as wifi, a browser and whatnot.
It’s quite easy and well-documented:

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201372
However you do need a different language.
> As an aside, Microsoft fought in court to force OEMs to not install this crap alongside Windows (reasonably since it was damaging their brand and making the machines less secure), but they lost.

One of the greatest losses from the retail Microsoft Store shutdown was the loss of Microsoft's "Signature Edition" PC program. They only sold in their Stores PCs with clean Windows installs, which they labeled "Signature Edition". Many of the OEMS participated (Dell, Lenovo, others), and generally when you could directly compare Signature Edition models to their regular direct from the OEM counterparts (which the companies model naming/numbering schemes often intentionally tried to make hard to do) it was often about a $50 premium over the "full of junk installed" PC (showing about how much all that bloatware is valuable to the OEMs if it subsidizes machines by about $50).

For a brief period it even looked like other retailers might adopt Signature Edition sales and you could even walk into a Staples or a Best Buy and find sales people that could source Signature Edition machines, for the people that still liked to try to deal shop between multiple retail stores.

I miss being able to give the advice "buy whatever computer you want from Microsoft Store, or if you go to Staples/Best Buy keep asking sales people until you meet the person that knows what Signature Edition means and you generally won't have any problems with the machine".

Now the advice is back to "buy a Surface from Microsoft or be prepared to spend a couple hours using the Windows Fresh Start tool from Microsoft first".
Only in the sense that physical photographic filters are "signal processing technology".
How many pages can you render in a a second per vcpu core ?
I agree, though I would argue that whitewashing history is a subset curriculum design - I would argue though that whitewashing history is definitively an attempt to maintain the political landscape through indoctrination.
Why are you angry at Google when you weren't on Google's page? The owner of that page decided to use the captcha there, if Google didn't offer it they would use another service. This is like being angry at your internet provider because you saw ads on the internet.

BTW I'm happy people aren't spending their time on meaningless tasks, at least it's useful for something.
There's this: https://cbeci.org/cbeci/comparisons
I am a solo SAAS founder and I would say that other than the financial risk/lost opportunity cost, the major hurdle is finding someone ambitious and driven enough who is willing to slog it out with you. The drive, the ambition and will to do whatever it takes day in, day out is not that easy to find. Especially when you have to find others who may not feel the same about your brand/product/business.
Ethereum 2.0 solves this via Proof of Stake. They are rolling it out in 2021 and I think the environmentally concerned will then consider the number two coin because of how energy hungry Bitcoin is. PoS also greatly increases transaction speed.
Criminals are quite often not the sharpest tools in the shed. Expiring messages, staying up on the latest hardware, etc.
For free sites, largely agree. I do find it odd however if this happens as well on site where I pay for the account or for a service. At the very least that site should recognise me with some confidence and not have recaptxha rely on all the tracking around the world. Sometimes I need to fill in 7-8 sets of those puzzles in order to be able to login to order groceries...
I get that Gob was meant to be a "Cartman" like deplorable character but it's still hard to watch.

Like saying the n-word in a joking or parody context, still not cool.
Most of the civilized world has gotten rid of the death penalty, even in murder cases. Even those that still do have capital punishment generally do NOT apply it to manslaughter cases. Your jump from manslaughter to murder is not legally justified, unless the polluter caused environmental damage explicitly for the purpose of killing people, which I'm pretty sure is not what you are describing.

But even setting that aside, we are talking about capital punishment for a crime, the evidence for which is statistical and divorced from the actual crime itself. The managers who make the decision to pollute aren't on the scene leaving their fingerprints. As this is not something for which there is a smoking gun proof of culpability, which makes it ripe for abuse. Do you really think the people who called the shots are going to be the one on the executioner's block, or will it be some mid-level fall guy? And what about manufactured controversy? How difficult would it be to make a spurious connection between some unlikeable business and an environmental disaster, getting a jury to give that business' managers the death penalty? What an upgrade to cancel culture: now you can get your opponents legally murdered.

Finally, the actual suggestion here is that C-level leadership and board members be executed for crimes their company commits. Note this means that someone lower down in the organization could commit a crime which causes the CEO or board members to be executed. So we're talking about killing people who might not even have been involved in the decision at all!

I stand by my prior description of this proposed society as dystopia.
Today I learned there are ISO standards for keyboards. Thanks, OP.
Take a step back and consider the owners of the websites you are visiting. They need a way to filter out spammers and decided to use captchas, which is their choice to do so.

As a consumer, it’s your choice to not support them if you feel it has become too burdensome to fill out the captcha.

The legality of this shouldn’t even be a question. No one is forcing you to use these sites.
It's just a language. Might be faster. Use what you know best.
You can care about more than one issue or aspect of the issue at the same time. There's never one change that will fix everything.
I am confusing what now? I'm the one arguing Maven is huge and that the parent post I'm replying to is mistaken. I never mentioned Gradle, that was a sibling comment.
The non-google ones usually waste more of my time, so by comparison I am pretty chill with the Google ones.
Distressed Commercial-Property Sales Seen Surpassing Last Crisis
I only skimmed the article, but I thought they were just pavers. (For making a path).

Buy yes, I came to say something similar, if you just compress the plastic into a block and lay it down to make a path then as it deteriorates surly you are just contaminating your environment with mico-plastic particles.
I too would love to work in the plasma gasification space, but it doesn't seem like there's a lot of interest in investment in that area even with the waste to energy and environment benefit potential.

We could have self powered ocean platforms collecting and plasma gasifying plastic waste, instead of dragging all of that waste back to land for processing.
Yes.

This project has a much higher probability for success than baseline.
From the page I linked:

In distributed networks, a transaction has "finality" when it's part of a block that can't change.

"To do this in proof-of-stake, Casper, a finality protocol, gets validators to agree on the state of a block at certain checkpoints. So long as 2/3 of the validators agree, the block is finalised. Validators will lose their entire stake if they try and revert this later on via a 51% attack."

In ETH2 2/3 of 128 randomly selected validators have to agree. You also get slashed if your validator goes offline, so they factored for that case:

https://ethereumprice.org/guides/article/eth-2-staking-risks...

And at least for the beacon chain you have to sync the whole chain to your node before you can begin validating.
>In the grand scheme, the "tons" (or rather, gigajoules) of energy wasted by the Proof-of-Work are nothing.

>but we humans are insignificant on this scale; there is really nothing that we can do to even accelerate our Sun's death. We're not even Kardashev-1 :)

I am shocked that you are brave enough to write these things in the same comment. The problem with Bitcoin and proof of work is that it's literally capable of consuming our sun and all energy in the universe.
I personally still find Poetry and Pipenv to be a little heavy-handed for my preferred workflows. To that end, pip-tools [1] is what I recommend to those who feel similarly. It balances pinning and dependency management with common Python practices (e.g., requirements.txt).

1: https://github.com/jazzband/pip-tools
> Just because the brick is able to withstand throwing it on the rocks doesn't mean it is not going to deform under load.

The end of the article says they founded in 2017 and have recycled 20 tons of waste. Maybe structural issues will emerge after 5+ years of use but it sounds like this approach has already had a fair amount of real-world usage.
In a stable release maybe 1.18 (Feb 2022) or 1.19 (Aug 2022). In a beta release maybe 1.18 beta1 (Dec 2021).
One Month on Analog
Ketamine is in probably every hospitals inventory so there's probably not that much money in it.
Facebook managed to get some off-Facebook activity from me even using this. The site in question was also loaded in a Private Browsing window and Facebook claimed it was from pixel tracking. I'm guessing they've inferred it based on IP, especially as I live by myself.

How this is legal under GDPR, given I'm a UK citizen, I'm really not sure.
And it does that, sometimes.

No bigger middle finger than an indefinite unsolvable captcha!
Also, they're getting significantly harder/adversarial as bots get better. I've never failed these picture Captchas as often as I have the last three weeks.
One thing I notice with all blog articles, and HN comments, on scraping is that they always omit the actual use case, i.e., the specific website that someone is trying to scrape. Any examples tend to be so trivial as to be practically meaningless. They do not prove anything.

If authors did name websites they wanted to scrape, or show tests on actual websites, then we might see others come forward with different solutions. Some of them might beat the ones being put forward by the pre-packaged software libraries/frameworks and commercial scraping services built on them, e.g., less brittle, faster, less code, easier to repair.

We will never know.
it is, its kind of unfortunate, but things are always in a state of flux. Can happen the other way around, a company goes through an entire elimination process, gets the final choice, and they turn it down.
I think you also need the dev account if you want to run apps on a physical phone, but it's been awhile since I tried.
Nope, cpan still is the gold standard.

Packages are tested before installation, and there is no need for hacks like pyenv or broken ruby envs. It also plays nicely with vendor packaging.
No sat solving needed, deps are resolved dynamically, powered by simple Makefiles, not special baroque and limited declarations syntax.
i've never used react native but regularly use react for the web and find swift/swiftui development to be faster and less complicated overall
All these articles and yet none of them have articulated the carbon cost of the current financial system.
Okay it isn’t cheap to buy, however TCO for a machine th at will probably you serve well for 8 years for around €1000 sounds good to me. It is also their cheapest laptop which is why I used the word cheap.
How would a website know you use a password manager?
LinkedIn Announces Product Pages (TrustPilot, G2Crowd, etc. Competitor)
Then I recommend to stop paying for that service.
>Actually, javascript is the only language that has it right. Not only can anything be null, anything can be undefined, (which isn't even remotely similar and anyone who doesn't understand why doesn't belong in the conversation,) AND values you don't know about can exist.

If you mean `unknown`, that's a TypeScript thing.[0]

And personally I love working on a code-base and with coders that differentiate between null and unknown. But there's no denying it's a footgun and many get no value besides bugs from these two. It's kind of similar to how JS gets boolean comparisons weird, which is worked-around by convention

[0] https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/release-notes/t...
I'm not up-to-date on that research area but there's a lot of research going on (see [1] for an overview) and people are both trying new material combinations and trying to figure out what exactly causes superconductivity (which still isn't fully understood for high-Tc superconductors).

BTW it would already open up many new opportunities if we had a superconductor that could be patterned as easily as a regular semiconductor and that would work at "high" cryogenic temperatures (e.g. -40 or - 80 °C), as those temperatures can be easily attained with conventional coolers that don't rely on liquid nitrogen or (much more expensive) liquid hydrogen or (super expensive) a mixture of different Helium isotopes.

So far there's no fundamental reason that superconductivity can't work at higher temperatures, but there's also no clear path to room-temperature superconductors as far as I'm aware.

[1]: https://phys.org/tags/high+temperature+superconductors/
They're still pretty common, at least on Family Guy reruns.
This is really great I love it. Also love the dithering tool [1]. The gameboy preset brings back great memories.

[1] https://doodad.dev/dither-me-this
Perfect timing. I was looking for something just like this. Also, the documentation is top notch.
To expand on the other comment about signal processing filters and lens:

Analogue signals often have noise or other factors you want to get rid of. Maybe there's a low frequency drift you want out, or a high frequency noise you want out. From there, it goes to enhancing and more generally modifying the signal, as in edge detection, but the math is generally the same and so is the name "filtering." Or in position estimation from a signal, like a kalman filter or particle filter.

At that point filters are a hugely broad thing, and if you want to smooth an image, you might filter out the high frequency components (instant automatic airbrush) or maybe you want to remove all the blue (like a lens filter you might physically put in front of your camera) or even enhance all the blue. Then it's a small step to keeping the filtering name (yet again) for all sorts of signal/image/video auto-manipulations.

You start with wanting to get rid of noise or get rid of blue light and end up turning people's videos into cats. That's language for ya.
Can you list an example of AWS building a datacenter, in secret, in a location with subsidized power? I GUARANTEE YOU Amazon lets the local municipality know when they're building a new datacenter and they aren't getting subsidized rates.
Turkey, Syria and Iraq are other candidates.
DirectShow (the API for video capture and other things in Windows) has long had the concept of a filter which can be plugged into the video pipeline[0]. I'm not certain if that's the reason that the term is commonly used for effects such as the one discussed here, but this "cat filter" certainly might have been implemented as a DirectShow filter, so it's very plausible the terminology comes from that.

I'm pretty sure apps like this were called filters long before Instagram even existed.

[0] https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/directshow/di...
How the Media Cracks Down on Critics of Israel
You wouldn’t use plastic bricks for building without either serious fire risks. A non-flammable coating on the brick could potentially be developed, but not easily and perhaps not cost effectively.

This is what happens when you use polyethylene as part of your building: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-40301289
ya then debate about it, write about it, learn about it

may be you are right , may be you're wrong

just don't be too sure that you know better than most
It also leads to a ton of clients who freak out when their app suddenly goes offline because they forgot to update the pinned cert. Seen that one countless times.

Pinning has uses, but if I'm running an app, I'm not doing pinning unless I have to.

Pinning to the issuing or root is much safer from an availability standpoint.
Greatly appreciate the feedback! I'm all about automation with FlowTrack, hence the AUTO play ;) I just disabled autoplay :)
I noticed they also get harder on a VPN and I encounter more of them with non-chrome browsers.
Where's the "ban"? OP us quoting Apple policy as requiring user opt-in to tracking analytics.
> The energy that goes into a Bitcoin transaction doesn't just pay for the one transaction.

No energy "goes into a Bitcoin transaction". A block with 0 transactions and a block with 100 transactions will both take the same amount of energy to generate.
Might have just missed it on the website, but will early access buyers get access to the finished version on completion?
Good points. To give it a totally different spin, imagine Bitcoin's value is pretty constant actually and what changes is the dollar (its being devalued at a rapid pace at the moment).

There is only a limited supply of Bitcoin, but there will be more and more dollars printed over the next decades (making the dollar even less valuable compare to the constant Bitcoin). So Bitcoin will be interesting to watch - quite exciting for future and to see what's gonna happen.
No icons on the desktop at elementary.
Considering that go is only really used in a statically compiled context, thats not really necessary.
Imaging low-mass planets within the habitable zone of α Centauri
The smart ones don't get their phones seized by the FBI
I use first party isolation in Firefox so I trip the worst possible challenge for every captcha.

I think it's awful we've allowed Google to trick us into placing trackers on every site in existence that also force us to do free work for them. There has to be a better solution.
Elementary only mimics the appearance, it's still Linux (and all its bloat and unfriendliness underneath). Hello looks like it's trying to make it usable as the Mac too.
> I think the ideal would be something like an autograder, rather than a solution

Me too! But I don't know how to write a useful auto-grader for free-form English text and pseudocode, and neither does anyone else.

Even a pedagogically useful auto-grader for actual _code_ — one that doesn't just check a bunch of test cases, but diagnoses the code to identify design errors and offers specific feedback for improvement — would be utterly revolutionary.
Why do you expect to have a say in it ? The have power, you dont.
It's more likely that "two week low" is a completely meaningless statistic and not worth doing a story about.
Should Princeton stop using Java in their CS curriculum because Java is a commercial product?
yes, keep learning

gold is not that useful in utility sense tbh, less than 10% is industrial use.
The talk about it mainly being used on path ways means it's especially exposed to the environment, making me concerned about plastic particulate being released. Some research on the topic would be nice.

Is this really the best use for plastic, can't you do a lot more with it than that? Doesn't mixing it with sand make it much harder to recycle later? Isn't cement a just fine binder for sand (which is the actually scarce resource)?

With all those concerns, though, that she's a materials engineer calms my inner voice eager to scream "scam".
It could be that wars are fought for many reasons and we cannot abstract a general rule that is valid for all or even most wars.
I couldn’t find any information on what specific kinds of errors are recognized (except JNI memory handling), or how (mechanism) one specifies to the tool what constitutes an error. Can you shed some light on that, or give a pointer to relevant documentation?
> Is that not what generics would fix?

No. That would be fixed by having something akin to typeclasses, traits or interfaces.

Elm's List, Maybe and Array are all defined using a generic type parameter.
slow enough to run to the left / right if you see it coming, since the turning radius is pretty wide.
If i were intel I would be seriously considering taking RISC-V and running with it.

ARM still lags, way, way behind in software - i.e. where is vTune for my ARM server? Intel are good at that kind of thing, they could kill ARM on the server before it reaches puberty.
Maybe I should have been more clear in the question. I'm OK with filling out a captcha, I understand the internet is a messy place. But in this case we're literally being forced to train their neural networks for self-driving cars. I'm OK with silly captchas.

Now you're opening up a bigger question of why are these massive companies that have hit on a basically infinite source of money allowed to falsely subsidise non-related industries and killing off any potential of innovation there by offering things for below-cost/free?
This is a really good read that examines how immunocompromised people are more likely to be chronic victims of various viruses, and how said viruses can evolve more quickly in that environment.
New North Dakota bill would force Apple to allow alternative app stores