skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Not all monarchies are hereditary. The Holy See is, while technically theocratic and thus not a monarchy, an example of what elective monarchy would look like. Perhaps the weirdest example is Andorra, which makes Emmanuel Macron (the President of France) an elected, er, diarch (he's only Co-Prince) by the virtue of being elected by people who have no ties to the country.

To answer the question of how hereditary monarchies get started: in the modern era (post-Napoleonic Wars, generally), new monarchies carved out of existing states either elevated important local elites (the Sharif of Mecca's sons got kingdoms in Iraq and Transjordan out of WWI, with the Sharif himself proclaiming a kingdom in Hejaz), or they shopped around important royal families in Europe to import a monarch (e.g., a lot of German princes found themselves kings of newly-created Balkan states in the 19th century). The right of conquest to attain a royal title is pretty well-accepted, although conquest usually comes from someone who already has a heritable noble title anyways (cf. the Dukes of Normandy becoming Kings of England).

The older noble lineages in Europe (and elsewhere, but I really don't know much about the history of nobility outside of Europe) appear to largely arise from a Germanic system of elected chiefdoms where one family gradually gains enough power to force the elections to choose them, eventually (though not always, cf. the Holy Roman Empire) dispensing with the pretense of election. Given the paucity of written sources, we obviously have very little record of how these influential families actually came to gain their influence, and the sources that we do have tend to be edited to suggest divine providence as the originator of their rule.
I will get back to you
Thanks for the more reasonable take, though I still have to disagree.

What you're saying directly contradicts the professor's own statement:

> Please do not ask me for solutions. With very rare exceptions, I will say no, even if you are an instructor. I recognize that my stance limits the utility of these materials, especially for self-learners, but I'm trying to optimize the learning experience of my own students at Illinois. The point of homework is not to solve that particular homework problem, but to practice solving a type of problem and get honest feedback on your progress. I've found that when solutions are available, my own students are much more likely to rely on them, rather than trying to figure out the problems themselves, which means they get both less practice and less honest feedback, which means they do worse on exams and in the course overall.

> And while I firmly believe that each student is ultimately responsible for their own learning, I also believe that it's my responsibility as an instructor to help them. Putting dessert on the table does not help anyone eat their vegetables.

tl;dr: students tend to rely on solutions when they are available, they don't learn as much and get worse grades which reflects badly on him.

It has _nothing_ to do with a tradeoff of writing simpler explanations for a more printable guide. He even acknowledges that it limits the utility for self-learners, which you disagree. He's a professor with obligations to his students so I understand his decision, just sucks that an amazing book won't be more accessible to people.
I just looked it up and apparently, all tiles would take up 54 TB[0], and even just the important tiles are around 1TB. I now understand why just downloading them isn't an option.

[0] https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Tile_disk_usage
> It supports offline maps, but not location sharing.

Are you on iOS or Android?

On Android there is the OsmAnd Online GPS Tracker [0].

[0] https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.osmand.tel...
Isn't the distinction that da Vinci put his brush to wood on the original Mona Lisa? How do you duplicate that?
It seems to me people don't give enough thought to the possibility of hosting themselves elsewhere, and only "mirroring" onto GitHub for the presence effect.

GCC does this (edit: LLVM half-does-it, in that issues are handled elsewhere). So does MonetDB and I'm sure there are a million more examples.
Apparently I've been confusing Haxe with Facebook's Hack/HHVM for years, and just assumed it wasn't something I'd be interested in.

But this... actually looks pretty neat!
greet = lambda x: f"hello {x}"
As someone who's been programming for years, one of my biggest complaints in software is over-engineering. It's so universally prevalent, I literally expect to get downvoted for even making this comment. I strongly advocate for simplicity in software implementation, allowing for maintainability and flexibility... the cleanest solution that reaches the goal and doesn't lock us too far into a narrow approach that may be difficult to deviate from. Sometimes that's not realistic, but it's actually feasible a lot more than people seem to believe.
Mercurial is used at Facebook, but it is heavily customized and goes through Phabricator. Just like Google uses Piper, which is “like Perforce” and goes through Critique.
The uploaders- or tech-savvy early downloaders- might be able to do the same. So as a way to prevent videos from being uploaded to social media seems completely lame. As this video proves, it's just a ticket for becoming quickly a very famous asshole.
Pretty much any Logitech wheel will do to start- upgrade later.

This video series was the single most helpful thing for me to get started: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqsKm8irA7U
> Big no to this, as that can and would be abused by scavengers

How would scavengers abuse this?
Wow. Two things:

1) That, of all police departments in the world, this is done by Beverly Hills Cops is a sign, that we're living in a simulation

2) How broken must a society be, if all of the outrage is directed towards police officers playing filter-triggering music and not towards the environment in wich this becomes a thing in the first place.

Assuming that Beverly Hills is not the economically worst-off part of the US, I wonder if this is again another example of class-war in disguise (i.e. upper class kids pretending to be civil rights leaders by forcing working class officers to be their youtube material).
SVN still works well for our company.
They're conducting a public performance of copyright music without appropriate licenses.
What's the problem with nested comprehensions? How else do you create bi-dimensional stuff?
What would be a good "no support hosting" alternative be for this provider?
I love MapOut (iOS only). It's an outdoor-focused mapping app with easy offline downloads and really beautiful cartography.
> It's not perfect, but it's among the best. It's far better than the popular offerings for Python, C, C++, and Java.

Maven is significantly better than Go modules: it doesn't require special support from your git server, it doesn't rely on magic tags with magic formats, it does strict dependencies by default, it handles branching any way you want, it works with binary artifacts not just source code, it has explicit support for custom repos, it doesn't require renaming your package to do a major version upgrade, it doesn't rely on DNS for package names, it works for small cross-language dependencies, and probably others.

> For other things though, Go is great. Testing? Built in. Benchmarking? Built in. Profiling? Built in. Cross compilation? Built in. Static linkage? It's the default. Formatting? Built in. Documentation generation? Built in. Code and documentation packaging and publishing? Built in (to git).

Testing is actually pretty bad, go test is OK, but the lack of any kind of basic testing tools like a deep equality or mocking helpers make it much harder to use than most. Code coverage measurement is also pretty bad, and un configurable.

Benchmarking is decent, it's nice to have it built in, no complaints there.

Profiling is horrible, just some text format that's barely documented, no memory dumps, no thread bases profiling, no tooling to analyze complex profiles.

Cross compilation is nice, but it's not even required in the most direct competitors (Java, C#).

Static linkage is the only option, and neither a good nor a bad feature.

Formatting is forced on everyone, and is completely unconfigurable. Their choices often mess up for merges for stupid anesthetic reasons.

Documentation is built-in to Java and C# as well, and it supports more than basic text for describing your code. They also don't rely in any way on your choice of source control system.

Overall, Go's ecosystem is definitely sub par compared to Java or C#. It's not the worse, and it can do the job, but you'll never be as productive.

Their support for small fats starting binaries is the only thing where Go really shines.
Papers Please too.
That isn’t just advertising that’s American soft power projection (especially with music and film) - trade agreements have helped the others.
It's theoretically straightforward if you have the actual copyrighted audio; you can just invert it and add it to the audio stream.

But I believe YouTube stores some kind of digest related to the audio they identify, not the audio itself.

Then again, that audio is available for many pieces that happen to be present in other videos on YouTube, which ContentID would automatically identify.
Robinhood UX Made Trader Think He Lost 700k, Committed Suicide
Maybe adding new syntax should require a 2/3 majority or more.
Haven’t used that many but most of the ones that I did try do indeed suck. We are using looker and we are at least very happy with their data model
Maybe you need to read the whole article, there is more than just that.

For example, they use as evidence the experiment (on a small group of people, without a control group, without attempts to repeat it - everything to be called anti-scientific), where they separate students, based on the color of their skin. Amazing start, right? And the whole article is filled with such fairy tales, not by scientific data.
What if a person sincerely believes Jesus was gay, and that Muhamad was a pedophile? Were do you draw the line at sincerely held religious beliefs and what you think is not a sincere religious belief?
Public performance of a copyrighted work. Unless the officer has a license to play the music for public consumption, it is illegal for him/her to do so.
> I mean, at some point, garbage in garbage out, no? For example, in javascript, you can do `Array.prototype.map = null`, in C you can do `#define if while`, etc.

Yes, but a good language is supposed to minimize chances of error, especially one that was designed after C, C++, and Java. The industry progressed, and we have a better understanding of what some good ideas are, and which to avoid. The fact that golang allows null pointers is inexcusable IMO. C# was able to retrofit a nullable handling mechanism into the language, and practically any useful language that was designed after that had some sort of nullable type handling (Scala, Kotlin, Rust, and I believe Zig and Nim as well, etc.).
It takes about 0.5 seconds on my 7 year old i5 + Samsung 960 SSD
They are devoid of style, uniqueness, and are generally unpleasant to look at. If your brand uses rounded shapes, and disproportionate styling to highlight an abstract, cartoonish brand identity, then they would fit in. But as they are currently used, they stick out like a sore thumb because they often take no cues from the rest of the illustration, color schemes, or branding on the site. Essentially, they are repeating the same mistakes of Clipart from two decades ago.

My suspicion as to why they are prevalent is because they are a cost efficient and low-effort way to achieve human illustrations in media that can be done by entry-level designers. Also, by bearing no semblance to any real human figure, the body-image conscious crowd can't complain about shaming or exclusivity in marketing.
The Queen can't create legislation, she can restrain it. She is purely a moderating influence in this sense.

This isn't really guaranteed to be a "moderating" influence except in the most technical sense. The current queen does not seem very eager to grab more power, but one could easily imagine a more devious and power-hungry monarch parlaying the ability to interfere with some laws into greater political power.

Imagine a Trump-type figure in England. Popular on social media, eager to bend the laws, and calling on the support of a loud minority willing to sacrifice the principles of democracy. Now imagine that figure is also the King of England, with the current powers given to the monarch. Why would you want such a hereditary system?

Britain should scrap the monarchy entirely while they have the chance.
I'm aware of that, but the reason YouTube has that process is because they don't want to get sued. If the law gave YouTube immunity by simply reporting copyright claims instead of taking them down, they would switch their process. Especially if YouTube had a penalty for getting it wrong.
Salesforce is making big changes amid the corona pandemic (Flex, Remote, Office)
I didn't say not possible, I said feasible.

Pretty much anything is possible given enough time, but spending time building a complex application in vanilla JS, HTML and CSS doesn't seem like the most productive use of time when you can leverage a framework.
Again, I will restate what I said. Follow the context of the decisions (as you have already done) instead of demanding people explain it.
If developers actually knew what simplicity was they'd stop worshipping it.

Brainfuck is an extremely simple language. I mean, it's perfect. Only 8 instructions! Only 1 pointer! Turing complete! Why isn't everyone writing their code in this language?

A bicycle attached to a wheelbarrow is extremely simple transportation. You can get anywhere you need to go, you can carry heavy loads, it's easy to use, easy to fix, cheap. Why would you use anything else?

Wood is a great building material. You can build a building several stories tall, it's cheap, plentiful, easy to work with. We should just standardize all construction on wood.

Water is the simplest beverage. It's clean, healthy, easy to ship, easy to store. We don't need to drink anything else.
Is it just me or does everything in the DeFi space these days sound like a really flimsy response to a money laundering investigation?

No really, officer, I wasn't laundering those drug proceeds, I was just buying a non-fungible token from Pablo Escobar in order to resell it to El Chapo. NFTs are just like artwork, officer. You know, the kind of artwork that billionaires use to launder money? We're just doing the same thing they do, but on the blockchain!

Come on folks. It's getting ridiculous. I'm as critical of the AML/KYC insanity as anybody else, but the answer definitely is not to invent new ways to make cryptocurrencies attractive to real money launderers. The latest goofiness is pretty transparent.
Unity3D Online Worksop – Unity Mars Workflows and New Features (AR Development)
Was going to say the same... I have a PopOS nvme and a Windows 10 nvme... Though tbh, with WSL2/Docker, I rarely boot to the Linux drive.
You can download tiles directly from openstreetmap.org, although bulk requests are obviously discouraged.

Running your own tile server isn't too bad. The tiles are cached so that not much processing power is needed after a while of usage. Yes it requires storage but so would any self-hosting solution.
There are 12 states where you can't secretly record the police, or at least audio record the police, due to wiretap consent laws. https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/06/you-have-first-amendme...
This is certainly something that humans do, but they do have a significant error rate.
I am amazed I am going to say this, but the issue is not with the DMCA but with Google/YouTube allowing a bypass of DMCA.

If you read carefully, you will see they refer in the cited case to the Content Id system. In that case Google allows the claimants to verify that it is indeed their content and takes their word for it with no repercussions.

If the company above had made a false DMCA claim they would be in rough water, as DMCA provides the tooling for damages etc and "countersueing."

Essentially Google found a way to produce something worse than DMCA in all aspects besides automation and angering their product (that is the users and content creators).
I'm not the newest user here, but this is what I think on that specific subject....

Every time I think about comparing HN to Reddit, I am jarred back to reality by comments that start with "I work in [extremely specific field relevant to article]" or "I did [X project] with [Y person at center of discussion]." People show a different face depending on the group culture, and HN just draws a different humor out of people than Reddit does. The same person could be very serious on HN, and then turn around and write looney jokes on Reddit.

There are certain areas of Reddit that are informative and moderated to maintain a high degree of quality. I think they often deal with a shared hobby, profession, or pursuit.
You can replace an object's prototype in JS, wouldn't that do the same?
Isn’t this also possible with Git, at least for remotes? There are a number of different Git implementations besides the main one.
Mutates it. Python `match` statements do not introduce a new scope.
Some media in some jurisdictions have compulsory licensing, but music recordings in the USA do not. Licenses are discretionary. I.e. must be negotiated from the owner.

Part of that negotiation is about leverage and bundling (you can buy our hits but not without also buying all the crap) and gives a whole industry of middlemen jobs. A-la-cart licensing would be a disaster for some of the goons in RIAA.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compulsory_license
I am honestly wondering, is this case "fair use"?
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Centipede%27s_Dilemma
"Introducing a new scope" is not a concept that exists in Python, you only have function scope and module scope.
how would you "prove" this? IMHO the algorithmic feeds of twitter and youtube are boring, or rather, surface extremely shallow and low effort content. I switch all my feeds (youtube, twitter, HN) to chronological mode now, and i think the future is the past: RSS . It forces you to follow few quality people to get good recommendations
I always loved the Recursion Fairy!
Texas lawyer trapped by cat filter on Zoom call, informs judge he is not a cat
It's not standard for a broker to not have live customer service. When/after I make a trade I can call Fidelity and talk to somebody. This kid tried to contact customer support and got an automated message. Try calling Uber or GoPuff customer support when your delivery doesn't come.
Everyone here seems to be focused on the copyright laws, and not the behavior of this officer, which to me feels misplaced blame.
Perhaps you have a clearer picture of when GB is a power of ten and when it's a power of 2. Now I think of it, maybe it's only hard drives that use powers of ten? Hmm, what about SD cards? Internet bandwidth? Anything that might be labeled for marketing purposes? To me it's still a blur.
These experiences are interesting, but I think Annapurna might not be the right benchmark to evaluate against. One of the least climbed and most deadly mountains on Earth seems rather far from OSM's core use case.

It is cool that OSM has the data, but I hope anyone attempting the summit is getting information more directly from other climbers.
I am so excited for this.

I love Python, but as of 2016, I was missing:

0. Pattern matching
1. Easy support for types & type-checking (thanks mypy + annotations)
2. Better string formatting (yay f-strings)

And the nice part is that these are all relatively opt-in features. So excited to be able to using pattern matching as part of the language!
Slightly related, but the only way I was able to get a site taken down for a fraudulent listing of my rental property was to file a Trademark/Copyright claim on the photos and description. The fact that had my property with them listed as the owner and their own phone number was not enough.
There are at least two real problems here.
Given the original source song, I would think it should be possible to make some software to strip the song from a video while leaving behind the other sounds no? Maybe using some sort of correlation function or something?
One approach to this is the "Five Why's" approach, wherein you ask "why" five times. eg,

Q1: Why did the plan explode?

A1: The engine cowling fell into the engine

Q2: Why'd that happen?

A2: The tire exploded and damaged it.

etc etc.

Obviously the number 5 is arbitrary and not always applicable, it's just a heuristic to get to something "root-ish" without getting to ridiculous distant things like "the laws of physics prevent two objects from inhabiting the same position in space-time".

More generally, defining something as root vs. not is somewhat of a judgement call. Usually you try to find something that will prevent future problems of this sort and call it the root cause. Ideally something that your organization can mitigate with a reasonable time/cost.

Note that the actual mitigation is a separate question. If runway debris is the root cause, then one mitigation is reworking the fuel system. Another would be using tougher tires. Perhaps another would be adding a shield between the tires and the aircraft body. Another might be an automated runway monitoring system that detects debris. etc.
A whole article about a version macro. :-(

Well, at least it had a fun Leon Trotsky quote...
I’m on my phone at the moments, so I’ll paste proper numbers when I’m back, but when I tried it last week it was like 18/370/60/1478/etc ms. Bear in mind, this was In the same room as the router.
This is the kind of "cyber-babble" I'm talking about. Smart contracts can only respond to things that happen on the chain, but the vast majority of events that humans produce contracts to govern in the first place happen in what is colloquially termed "the real world". Yes, I think the blockchain is "real", but I think most people understand what I'm talking about when saying I want a contract to be able to reference actual performance of a service rendered in 3D space.

> I think smart-contracts as envisioned by early cypherpunks where meant to run in a world where Governments are obsolete

"Governments" have existed in some form since the beginning of the species (families and tribal structures, etc.) and pretending that some piece of technology may make them "obsolete" belies a very simple understanding of human nature.
Is human review under sufficiently strict and inflexible policy even distinguishable from machine review?
Fifth, and most critically for me why it’s not really any better than a comment on an interface{}: a user’s matches won’t be checked for exhaustiveness if you add a new type, let alone them poking around the internals. You can box them safely, but not unbox them.
You still have to click on the update button for a browser, and as far as apps on your machine go, they could just check for updates next time the application is launched like current web apps/web sites do. What you are saying is not impossible for the OS to take back. It seems more like there just isn't momentum to push browser features down the stack back into the OS and I'm not sure why other than browsers already do it, so why backport it.
Reddit, but with a hivemind that agrees with my political views.