skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The dip in frequency of passwords with 7 characters is pretty interesting. I was curious so I checked the frequency of words in /usr/share/dict/words as a function of their length (http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?chxl=0:|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9...). There's no such behavior in dictionary words as you can see. We can however see that in both passwords and words that the frequency of length 7 is about 80% of length 8 though. My first guess would be that length 6 gets a boost in the password data because a large number of people think a password shorter than that is too insecure. Only 36% of the passwords were dictionary words but it's still fun to guess about.
There would have been a link somewhere on the page to the .phps copy of itself
Great article. If you start or join a startup, you really need to educate yourself on this topic. When I started at Google, I bought a book called Consider Your Options: http://www.fairmark.com/books/consider.htm It's quite good.

I also have a copy of Piaw Na's book: http://books.piaw.net/guide/index.html (An Engineer's Guide to Silicon Valley Startups) but I have to admit that I haven't read it yet because most of my finances are in order at this point.
that isn't his real account, some of "his" latest tweets: http://twitter.com/#!/GALIFlANAKIS/status/77450156102004736 http://twitter.com/#!/GALIFlANAKIS/status/77620921766129664 real account: http://twitter.com/#!/GALIFIANAKISZ they're using different letters and case. I = l, i = L
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As mentioned by others, this list is old. The cited algorithms are certainly still good to know, but the meaning of massive is different now. Today, massive means:

- too large to fit even in big iron (few people can afford them anyway)
- low value: a lot of data are useless / too bad to be useful, so not taking into account all of them all the time is not too bad.

Nothing outside near linear or even sublinear algorithms really work in those cases. Singular Value Decomposition is a great example. Up to recently, it was mostly about about doing fast, accurate SVD for large matrices. There is a recent surge on approximate algorithms which see any data only once at most. This is useless for most "hard" engineering tasks, but for analysis of large graph data, you can most likely tolerate a few % of error in your biggest singular values to still get something useful.

The fun part is that things as simple as matrix multiplication become an interesting and potentially hard problem.
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> The world is full of opportunities in more open countries and business people are like web users: id the usability is low, they simply go elsewhere.

Possibly true. But until this trend has a noticeable effect on their economies, countries don't have an incentive to change their policies.
Some systems restrict you to alphanumeric passwords (generally for no good reason). If you reuse your password across systems (or you have a formula for creating passwords) then you are less likely to use special characters in case 1 system requires a different one.

Additionally, entering symbols on a phone keypad or touch screen is usually a little harder.
Good point. I forgot to check for the "verified" icon (since twitter refuses to consider me worth "verifying"). I'll edit to reflect that.
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Of course it matters! It matters at either end in fact. You can certainly be too young, but even in this supposedly enlightened industry you can clearly be too old as well. And yes, there are pre-rolled bs phrases to make excuses with. I'm sorry young person, you can't sign a contract... Oh---you are much too old to be flexible... Thing to do is to ignore all of the above and just keep on truckin! Do the thing you love and ignore the rest.
And I'll be happy to tell you of the pro-government (not pro communist) propaganda. I could go on for days and weeks, seriously I could. The shit never ends.
Thanks, that was very useful.
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News constantly portraying non-western countries as 3rd world, or axis of evil? Or terrorists? For no better reason than their interests do not align with various western countries.

Watch much of Fox News? Even if you don't, a lot of people do.

More obvious case: The reasons for going to war in Iraq were entirely agg-prop, that was later proved to be false.

We "the west" don't have an explicit "Propaganda department" like communist countries generally do. But our media, and government still use propaganda to control peoples opinions.
Talk about Renaissance men: John Macfarlane's main activity lies in philosophy, and still he answers within hours most questions on the Pandoc mailing lists.
Whats next? Buildings?
Does anyone happen to know the tax consequences of forgetting the 83b?

For example:
Jan 1, 2000: it's day 1 of a new job and you forward exercise 100k options at $.01/option (total price = $1000). You forget the 83(b) form.

Jan 1, 2004: you quit on your 4 year anniversary, and the (still private) stock you own is now worth $1/share, which means the FMV of your stock is $100k.

Jan 1, 2009: your company IPOs at $10/share, so the FMV of your stock is now $1 million.

What is your tax status? Do you pay capital gains on $1 million - $1k? Capital gains on $1 million - $100k and AMT on $100k - 1k? Something else?
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I'd suggest that the dip in 7 is natural, but the peak at 8 is the interesting part. I'd argue the 8 peak is due to some of some of their websites requiring a minimum of 8 characters. It's possible that such password checks are inconsistent among their sites/domains, resulting in some passwords being less (that's why we do see some password of shorter length than 8). If the 8 was around 6,000 we'd see a natural falloff curve as one would expect.
Why does John Gruber have to be "objective"? He's writing about what he likes, what he's interested in, what he doesn't like, what he'd like to write about. He writes to entertain and stimulate his readers. He's not writing Wikipedia articles, or reviews.
I agree with you, I love what I'm doing, which is owning my own start-up (launching soon), I've only been curious as why others look down at teenagers, their are many teens out there that are smarter than other start-up owners, without a doubt.

I don't want my age to interfere with my start-up, do you know what I'm saying?
Does anyone know the password restrictions that Sony music used? Like minimum password length and what special characters were allowed?
It's what happens if you use cedet/ecb on lots of code. I like the code completion and other features they give me, but it is just too slow to keep on always.
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To make unique passwords for each site I use a simple formula on the domain name that I can work out in my head and append it to a "master" password. An example formula could be "take the last 2 letters of the domain name and shift them 1 letter forwards".

This means your passwords always have different hashes, which will reduce brute force attacks. Depending on the complexity of your formula and how much time the attacker has, it may not be possible to work out your GMail password from your Sony one.

Another password tip I read was moving your hands up (or right) 1 row when typing. For example, "a" becomes "q". This adds an extra step to creating a dictionary for an attack so should secure your password a bit.
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Being a minority shareholder of an otherwise closely-held, family business is usually a losing proposition, unless you have the family's goodwill. If they own 82.5% of the business and operate it, you own 17.5%, and it's not public or particularly large, it's quite easy for them to cut you out of the profits in about a dozen different ways (especially if you're not making any effort to monitor what's going on). Then the IRS is stuck not only owning thousands of small stakes in family businesses, but monitoring them to make sure they're getting fair treatment as a minority shareholder, and filing shareholder lawsuits when necessary.
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Options for employees usually work well in spite of the tax risks. Most employees get ISOs and exercise them without incident and without AMT. They take some modest financial risk in paying for the stock but these amounts are usually small.

Problems arise if you are terminated in your employment (or quit) and you face a 90-day window to exercise options that will otherwise expire in a company that is promising but not established. For example, a former client of mine did this (after being terminated) in a solar startup in which he had been employed and got hit with a $600K tax bill. The company is all the rage among some VCs but completely unproven in the market and the stock itself has no liquidity and will not likely have any for years to come. If the company makes it big as hoped, this man will be rich; if not, he will have run the risk of a personal bankruptcy.

I would say that extremely risky situations occasionally arise involving employees and options but these are the exception and not the rule. In most cases, the risks are limited and manageable and the use of options is an excellent vehicle for the employees as a key financial incentive. The key, though, is to know what you are doing and to understand the risks before undertaking them. Beyond that, it is up to each individual and his own sense of risk tolerance.
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From the horses mouth: "we believe that being open about these security issues helps users better protect their information online."

The attacks relied on the victim's naivety and lack of knowledge. If you read the blog post [1], I think it's pretty clear that the purpose was to educate users on how to improve their security when using Google products.

[1] http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/ensuring-your-informa...
I've got certain stock options as an employee incentive program, how do those compare? What is a strike price? What is an exercise price? They vested immediately and I can technically exercise them today does that mean anything for me?

As someone that is new to this (at age 23) some non-professional guidance would be helpful. I understand that a good CPA would be much better at advising me in my situation, but I really don't have the money for that (student loans are KILLING me).
It's probably because busybox is gpl
You know what I want? I want a small, cheap USB dongle that I just plug into the PC, that magically makes all logins and passwords go away.

I don't care how it works. Just make it work, because this is stupid.

Whoever does that, and manages to get the major players behind it, is going to be the next Mark Shuttleworth, if not Mark Zuckerberg.
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very, very cool.

node.js is also my (current) tool of choice for real time logfile analysis, i use a slightly different approach.

i ssh funnel the logfiles to my machine i.e.:

ssh server.example.com sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/example.com_access.log > test.log

then use this (disclaimer: coded it during a hackweek) lib
https://github.com/franzenzenhofer/nolog
to attach events to the logfile

nolog('./test.log').shoutIf('googlebot', /Googlebot/i ).on('googlebot', function(data) { ... });

basically you

- watch a logfile
- shoutIf you come across a given pattern (can be regex or function)
- listen if a shout event occurs

i will definitly look into log.io and see if there is a way to plug nolog somewhere in there.

an important addition to log.io would be log servers in php, asp(x) and all the other legacy languages. my experience is that webservices that allow and/or use modern development approches already have a suitable logfile observation, but all the millions of sites stuck with yesteryear really struggle with it.
Thanks for the link. That is literally insane. Modern day slavery. There is no logical basis for stopping someone from being in sales up to a year after leaving their previous company. Research is about the only area such a thing would make sense, and even then the restriction should just be on company secrets.

Yet another reason I will never work in the United Corporations of America again.
One of the things people talking about reputation seem to miss is how easy it is to establish that base level of reputation. A couple of decent talks at local user groups will be enough in most tech areas that have job openings for employers and people with other opportunities to start querying you before they move onto more blanket searches.

On top of this I really dislike the argument that the skills are transferable from a big company to a small one easily. It seems like a much better argument for going towards something like a small-medium company. In the web space I'd suggest that the plethora of 10-40 person bespoke web dev shops that float around are a very good option for gaining broad skills and being less risky than startups.

People who are interested in startups should join something that looks pretty similar to a startup. People who are interested in making 10 million dollars should join a big company and live cheaply.
Yeah, I think you're right about it relating to reused passwords. I've also seen a lot of sites having passwords with a minimum length of 6 so the shape would make sense if there's an exponential fall of from 6 added to a fall of from 8.
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Anger drives him, but sometimes writing as pedantic points on several occasions, may be his undoing, he needs to make up for the dose that the serenity of Xavier, his partner in the chaos of the map, keep calling.
With ISOs, for most of us, the best approach is not to exercise until you're ready to sell. In short, as long as your options aren't about to expire, sit on them. However, if you leave the company, you normally have 90 days to exercise. This can make for a nasty problem if the company is not yet publicly traded; you will need some other assets to be able to pay the AMT. In such situations, perhaps the best course of action is not to exercise unless the company is clearly on track for a "liquidity event" (an IPO or acquisition), as evidenced by strong revenue growth, AND you have another source of funds to pay the AMT.

Don't think of the AMT as something that could strike without warning, like lightning. It is absolutely possible to protect yourself against it as long as you understand the rules, or get advice from someone who does. Make sure to look into it before exercising any options.
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I'd say 2-4 months, depending on how fast you learn stuff. If you are used with C it makes things much easier
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it's not clear (to me) how the classbox/namespace behavior for monkey patching works in practice.

Say I use module Dates that extends String, and module Inflections that does the same, as I want to use String#weeks and String#pluralize. But both redefine String#singular.

When I do "import Dates, Inflections" what happens? Which version of String#singular do I get?

If I import Dates, and then import Texts as I want to use String#stemmed_terms which in turn uses Inflections?

If I import two modules defining a same method with different signature does everything work fine?
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Few more details here: http://hackerstreet.in/item?id=6727
> Our startup: a non-funded fashion directory service.
...
> They want to build something else (a social game) but in the same field.

This reminds me of luckychic.com guy that PG talked to at TehcCrunch office hours. http://techcrunch.com/2011/05/25/absolute-must-watch-office-...
while i can't speak to the 'penalty later' part, profounder does make it possible for kickstarter type fundraising from strangers. however, those people can't make more than their original investment back (sort of like kiva, which is not surprising, because Jessica Jackley, the pro-founder CEO, was one of kiva's co-founders)
And you have to take into account that (as he also mentions) these dbs came out in a different time. Which might skew results quite a bit. They could have been changed in the meantime. When you get a password database you want to know how many passwords are the same at that precise moment...
Glad our fast response is appreciated :-). We try to stay on top of leaks like this and make sure Facebook users aren't affected, even when they share passwords with the affected sites.
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This is nice. One thing I did to really learn assimilate all this was code it all in a big excel spreadsheet with all the meaningful scenarios I could think of for me and for the company.

It really gave me a great overview and helped me make a more clear decision to leave and start my own company.
Great analysis, but using pie charts with 4 shades of blue is unreadable.
Maybe we should just send them the password in the "welcome to random service X you just signed up for" that new users always seem to get.
Nah, they have a great reason - if they restrict you to alphanumeric characters, it's easier to prevent XSS when they display your password back to you later on in the flow :-).
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It's supposed to be a skewed normal curve, right? So with individual site requirements boosting the 6 AND 8 minimum character lengths it would all make sense, since that's where we get 2 spikes. Remove those spikes and we get the nice normal chart as expected.
Just to be clear, we didn't stop the process because it was that expensive of difficult, just that we decided to stay in Italy for the immediate future. We may well restart it in the next few years. It's a pain in the neck, not an insurmountable obstacle.

That said, I guess generally,

> So while it is regrettable in individual cases that previous patterns of fraud have made IR1 visas much more burdensome to obtain than they once were, that is not surprising on policy grounds.

I am not in favor of that sort of legislation - "some people cause problems, so we'll make it hard for everyone in order to prevent, rather than punish transgressors". It's a very prevalent way of dealing with problems here in Italy, and IMO it is a drag on society. I prefer rules that are liberal, and certain (well, as much as possible) punishment for those who break them. Compared to other places (like Italy), the US is pretty good that way, by and large, even if imperfect, which makes the immigration system all the more galling.
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> incorporate features required for a non-Roman script market

Nobody in India uses computers in Indian languages. Everything's in English, and when people do write in an Indian language, it's using a bastardized, improvised romanization. So non-Roman script support is a non-issue.
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Currently Chrome is showing me a green lock icon for https://facebook.com/ but if I hit that particularly edge server (or another misconfigured one) would it warn me first? Or at least show the red lock?
YubiKey[1] serves a similar purpose. I use it as the second factor of authentication for my LastPass account, which stores completely random passwords for individual sites. Of course the biggest problem is always adoption, but Yubico were smart enough to make both the protocol and the server component open.

http://www.yubico.com/yubikey
Two questions come to my mind: Is this agreement still valid?
And would either MSFT and/or NVDA live up to it in case of a NVDA buyout in the future?
"Let's not forget that the iPhone also has no way for the user to add their own corrections or create custom text expansions."

That's not true. I've noticed the iPhone autocorrect add words to its dictionary after I use them a few times.
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> We "the west" don't have an explicit "Propaganda department" like communist countries generally do. But our media, and government still use propaganda to control peoples opinions.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Strategic_Influence
Now it is very easy to know this kind of information:

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Is this why I always get SSL warnings from embedded FB widgets on my iPad?

Also, FB is not exactly the gold standard for.. um.. things working.
Until you lose it.
Sneakernets (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sneakernet) like this have been a faster and more efficient way to transfer large amounts of data for a long time. It's even more effective over short distances, such as bike couriering to a nearby office or walking to your lounge room.
This link seems to be broken. Could you pls check?
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GPL paranoia in part because:

In late 2007, BusyBox also came to prominence for actively prosecuting violations of the terms of its license (the GPL) in US courts.

https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/BusyBox