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Reverse engineering the Cortex A8 core using software kernels
Using very simple micro-benchmarks and his understanding of computer architecture, the author exposes some non-published architectural parameters of A8 such as arithmetic instruction latencies, cache latencies, and the physical memory layout. This article is about the ARM Cortex A8 core but his technique should work on any platform. His goal is to show the software programmers the importance of understanding hardware which I agree with.

ps. It is a part of the series which starts with explaining how he setup his test environment (http://www.futurechips.org/chip-design-for-all/tips-optimizing-iphone-apps-development-board-setup-part-1.html) which is cool but the last part, a web-based performance instrumentation tool for A8, is super cool. He hasn't made it public yet but he gives access if you email him.
The loop is performed by the algorithms.

See std::for_each, std::transform, std::accumulate, std::partition, etc., etc.
Twitter is not a defensible product, they are a critical mass service that is ripe for disruption. But there has ti be some solid fundamental infrastructure in place. Twitter can deffend with inertia and that might prove to be enough - but a usage puvot is near, where a new fully integrated cluent with novel features will disrupt their rule.
Is there any data regarding what percentage of pirates would be willing to pay for the product? IE is it an issue of "pirating" versus "paying" or "pirating" versus "nothing"
Ask HN: Getting started with Solar Energy?
I was looking into the solar technologies that stand out today that have the capability of being deployed and there is so much information out there that it is mind boggling.

For large scale deployment there are two companies that piqued my interest: eSolar[1] and First Solar[2].

I am based outside the US and was looking into getting into the clean tech space as a turnkey player(in the next couple of decades), and I understood that the basic component to get started would be to get a factory up and running that would produce polycrystalline silicon which are the building blocks to get started manufacturing wafers, but they are very cost prohibitive and so I was looking into getting started with power plants that can be more easily financed (in comparison) and have a shorter turnaround.

I was wondering whether there are folks here that have/are currently working in the solar energy generation space as researchers or manufacturing companies / or if you have worked at them in the past and if so could you point me in the right direction / provide any words of advice or any thoughts on the matter if you were getting started in this space today in the MENA region?

I am mainly approaching this problem by leveraging existing technology rather than 'researching' new innovation ways inhouse, atleast that is what works for us now.

Thanks.

[1]http://www.esolar.com/

[2]http://www.firstsolar.com/
'"The walls had fallen down and the Windows had opened, making the world much flatter than it had ever been, but the age of seamless global communication had not yet dawned."

How the fuck do you open a window in a fallen wall? More to the point, why would you open a window in a fallen wall? Or did the walls somehow fall in such a way that they left the windows floating in place to be opened?'
I used to spend way too much time researching for our trips. I just gave up after a while. This would be great. btw, nice idea using MailChimp for collecting email addresses.
Bitcoin doesn't require you to transfer a piece of physical property to whoever you want to give it to.
Do you know all of the operators as well? All of the special variables? A significant portion of the regex syntax?

You don't have to know all of those to be a good Perl developer. You have to know how to read the documentation.

Everyone has their favorite ways to do things and people tend to have very strong preferences.

None of that sounds like a programming language problem.
There is no 16bit AVR.

Cortex-M3 runs circles around any 8-bit parts in most settings - single cycle instructions, hardware multiply and divide, 32bit registers, good interrupt processing support. There are even power efficient parts (Energy Micro EFM32, STM32L, etc). The other nice part about CM3 is the family support: Its one compiler toolchain and one debugger toolchain. With CMSIS (a software library standard) its "easy" (if you don't use a specific peripheral in a specific way) to move code across vendors as well.

PIC24 is a good half step, but the proprietary toolchains are a major turn off. PIC32 is at least a MIPS core (with some vague gesturing on Microchip's part for their GCC port - good luck actually building their horrible code dump though), but doesn't appear to be energy-use competitive with CM3 or CM0.
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I think 'most likely' is an over-statement. Most of those mutations are based on random chance. There is nothing that states that over a certain amount of time, every possible random mutation will happen.
Dollars printing is controlled by the government. You can regulate the total amount of cash in circulation.

Additionally, each tender can be traced thanks to its number, making it possible (but difficult) for the forces to track where tender comes from.
A friend in the robotics industry once joked that there were key differences between American and Japanese robots: American robots were often built to be behind the scenes in factories, while Japanese robots were merely advertising. Take a look at ASIMO to see what he meant.

I personally chose to stay out of a robotics career because I saw so much potential wasted on (what I thought) were nonsensical things. I felt the onus was on designers to "humanize" them as much as possible when that lead to expensive, fragile solutions. iRobot is a perfect example of the opposite of this -- the Roomba navigation system is incredibly simple, stupid, and robust. It's as cheap and simple as you can make it while still getting the job done. Yet, people demanded a robot that would scan the room and clean 'like a person does.' Robots aren't people, stop designing like them. These are the kinds of things that will actually help us: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFW7VQpY-Ik&feature=relat...
PIC is clearly designed for non-C assembly code, with all global variables. Its ancient.

PIC32 is actually a MIPS core (sorta, kinda, maybe). It actually uses GCC to compile (good luck on compiling your own GCC though). However, there isn't much appeal with CM3 now on the scene.
But cow's milk has also been consumed for longer than you could consider it an 'industry.'
I am accepting applications for the most exclusive community online as of yet, the application fee is $1,000 just to be considered and hear more, but if yiu cant afford that, then you clearly arent even qualified to join.

If you want access - wire me the consideration convenience fee.
Whoop-de-do, what are we going to do about it? Mass murder? Birth rate control(ala China)? Build more land? This type of nonsense is no better than the rapture preacher.
You'd think so.... I have no idea why the embedded world is so into what IDE they can use. Too many hardware engineers turned firmware engineers wanting an easy solution?
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So _why_ is it good to burn more calories? This is one of those 'facts' that are never questioned. Why not just run your body at lower calories per day? I do not have a weight problem and I feel fine. I guess I just do not eat more then I need. Does not higher caloric throughput just wear out your body?
I don't really want those, I want the yacht!
No, because that makes it harder to understand what it's doing.

Without looking at an example of working code, how is it possible to say that one particular phrasing is so obviously better than any other that it and it alone should be allowed to exist?

I appreciate in Perl very much the postfix conditional expression syntax because it exploits the end weight linguistic property and allows me to emphasize the most important part of the statement when the situation warrants. I believe that makes my code clearer because it looks different from the Algol-standard conditional syntax.
Interesting. He's certainly well read, but the conclusion sort of fizzles in my opinion.

> How do we measure Coasean growth? I have no idea. I am open to suggestions. All I know is that the metric will need to be hyper-personalized and relative to individuals rather than countries, corporations or the global economy.

He seems to be pointing at a future where transaction costs between individuals are lower, so there's less need to organize people into Large Organizations. (See: Coase's Nature of the Firm: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Nature_of_the_Firm )

Fair enough, but I don't see companies going away, as you still need someplace to invest capital/pool resources to be spent, to create large-scale projects, whether they're created by employees or by freelancers.

Sort of on the same topic, this book talks about economic organizational models in the west vs the middle east, and how the former pulled ahead of the latter in part due to better institutions:

http://t.co/vumpwKy

It's a bit long-winded at times, and repeats itself, but the subject is, IMO, interesting.
- CMSIS for your part should already come with a binutils compatible linker scripts. The three I use (ST, NXP, Energy Micro) all come with them already. Obviously you'll need to modify the script if you're rolling your own bootloader or similar, but it should work otherwise.

- I like defaulting to the CodeSourcery G++-Lite toolchain. Its also ARM, Thumb, Thumb2 multilib capable for non CM3 parts (like ARM7/ARM9).

- USB DFU is not universal. NXP has cool idea (mass storage device, though buggy when used with Linux without mtools). ST's version kinda sucks (try cribbing from the Maple code maybe). No idea on Atmel.
I'm so sorry! After reading over IRC logs and his forum post, you are correct. It is the 14th.

http://forum.bitcoin.org/?topic=6652.0

http://bitcoinstats.com/irc/bitcoin/logs/2011/05/15/16
I have contacts in solar but you dont have email listed in profile.

Also, your post is vague, what are you looking to do? Create a solar tech manufacturer, installer, researcher?

There are other opportunities in solar other than the cells themselves, like power monitoring, so what type of solar contacts are yiu seeking?
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That's great, but you can prevent nearly all of the degeneration of ageing - especially muscle wastage - by regular exercise and strength training.
Replace "Bitcoin" with "money laundering" and "tax evasion" to understand why.
Why almost as a last resort? And, are you aware of what a weasel word is?
It's a poor UI even for people like me who have never used SVN. Understanding how something works after having learned it is not a sign of a good UI, a good UI facilitates easy learning by having commands do the thing you'd expect them to do, so far as that is possible.

The fact that file checkouts and branch creation shares underlying mechanics have nothing to do with the UI, it'd make a lot more sense to create new branches with for instance the git branch command, and checkout files with the git checkout command.

Having said that, I don't think the git UI is horrible at all. I found learning the basics of git rather easy, that doesn't mean the UI can't be improved on further, though.
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There are a large number of laws that create a paper trail when substantial amounts of cash are used.

If you withdraw more than $10,000 in cash, your bank has to report it to the government.

If the bank thinks you're 'suspicious', they have to report it to the government.

If a business accepts more than $10,000 in cash it has to report you to the government.

The US is actually more lenient in this regard than some countries, where large cash purchases are (or will soon be) banned outright.
I don't really understand how bitcoin advoids a paper trail - you can see every transaction for all history.
Adding another comment after my one below. I couldn't get the record button (just a keyboard button) and thought it might be because I am in Canada. To test I remoted into our server in Texas and opened the doodle from there... presto, a record button... on IE7 no less. Looks like Google is distributing different versions by region. Why? No clue.

Edit: This works on my Nexus One! Now THAT is cool.
The best resource for understanding git (or probably bzr/Mercurial) IMO is definitely "The Git Parable" [1]. It takes you through the steps of what you'd do to create a DVCS. This teaches you the concepts, without worrying about the commandline.

Once you understand git, the man pages, docs at kernel.org and cheatsheets are a much easier read. My go-to cheatsheet is now [2], which is actually more of a visualization of commands to use to move between git's different areas.

I must admit, I still need to Google every now and then for things that are counterintuative in git (e.g. removing a submodule) and normally end up on StackOverflow.

[1] http://tom.preston-werner.com/2009/05/19/the-git-parable.htm...

[2] http://ndpsoftware.com/git-cheatsheet.html
Richard Dreyfuss is an outspoken civics activist and scholar. I believe he even lectures at Oxford. And it's no coincidence that he played Dick Cheney on Oliver Stone's W.
How do you think your money works for you?
My attempt at Dueling Banjos: http://goo.gl/doodle/gsW2
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I know a little bit about all the rigmarole that banks and companies like paypal and amazon have to go through in order to comply with various money laundering and tax evasion laws. I'm not surprised that bitcoin hasn't done their due diligence on the subject and are now catching flack.
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It may be worth noting that Bitcoins are also uniquely identified and can be traced back through all transactions.
I'm blown away and truly humbled by the compassion, advice, encouragement, and offers of help in all of your responses and emails. Thank you from the bottom of my heart. I feel validated, empowered, and now more hopeful that things could eventually work themselves out. It looks like there is a way to fix all this and I've now gotten some better perspective on where I could start.

I'll use this thread as an action plan to get things going. I've already read some responses a few times and will make sure to review all comments and sincerely think through every suggestion. Please give me a few days to process everything as well as to follow up either via comments or email.

Thanks again, to everyone, for being there for me. You guys are unbelievably awesome.
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It looks like Alexander Chen played a large role in this. He was responsible for the NYC MTA conductor piece that made the rounds earlier this year: http://blog.chenalexander.com/2011/conductor-mta/

Cool to see how this concept and code have evolved into something new.
Looks like they were inspired by this: http://www.mta.me/ (already mentioned on HN)
I understand both sides of this but I really believe the web has too much momentum to not be the clear winner. The web does have it's limitations and drawbacks, but the most important thing to remember about this is that they are by design.

The web is open, and being open means you sacrifice certain features.

The truth is that there are benefits of loose and tight coupling. In this case, I believe loose will win.
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The last sentense caught my attention: "While Walmart and Carrefours are pulling out of Chinese operations, [...]"

Walmart and Carrefour "pulling out"??! Both are openening new stores at an amazing speed, undless that changed in the past year. Does anybody know more about this or have a link?
Ah yes, Flashblock. I didn't see the little icon on the page, so it didn't cross my mind.

Thanks for pointing that out.
how can this guy have so many tags in his tag cloud?!
No mention of MSP430?

Some of them come in DIL packaging (at least the little ones). The architecture has a GCC port and two free-as-in-small-glasses-of-beer commercial IDEs. The assembly language is bearable. The cheapest development board (with single-stepping debugger support) is $4.30.
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Always fun to read about how someone rolled their own, but as nerds we have to poke right?

Why write a textile parser in Go? Run the JSON through one that's already written? Store the posts pre-rendered?
Today I learned there are people who consider themselves serious users of flash card apps.

I use Evernote every day and it doesn't annoy me as a diversion from their core product. The smart Smart Cover integration is cool, at least.
Yep. Falls in the same category as money laundering.
The problem with Lojban, according to Munroe: http://xkcd.com/191/
Never mind, the other item has more traffic: http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2634821
We swapped over to ringio.com, which has been a great so far.
Do you have a recommendation for a specific CM based microcontroller? Preferably one that is well stocked on mouser and has USB support.

Also, any tips on getting started? How do I program them? Ideally, I'd get an in circuit programmer, rather than a development/demo board.
You used to be able to use casino chips in Vegas just like cash. You could pay for your meal with chips in a place totally unrelated to gambling. You could pay for your taxi ride in casino chips. Casinos would accept chips from other casinos without any problem.

Then the treasury dept. stepped in and forced them to stop. All that's in the past now.
> Perl ... allows me to emphasize the most important part of the statement when the situation warrants.

Yes. The ordering of elements in a sentence is its "thematic" structure, just as important in communicating as the "transitive" structure of sentences, i.e the relationship between nouns, verbs, etc. Most programming languages copy the transitive structure of natural languages, but not many allow the programmer to freely choose the thematic structure.
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top voted comments on the top inflate them so much that later pertinent comments goes to oblivion. Mostly because not-so-relevant comments received a few votes because, well, they were not far away from the top at the time.

Putting new comments at the top give them the benefit of doubt, and make people actually read them and upvote if needed.

showing that it's there just because it's new, would defeat the purpose.
we're looking at: http://www.2600hz.com/
My current theory is that programming is quite literally writing.

That's what the author wrote.

Lets take another (stupid) quote from the author:
Most code sucks because we have the fluency equivalent of 3 year olds trying to write a novel.

There's no absolute nature regarding the state of ability for any given task. There is no way to map fluency in English to fluency in any other domain. It just doesn't make sense.

This is just all around lazy thinking. It's buying into a metaphor because you either don't have the ability or desire to actual think about the real issues. edw earlier in this thread actually took a little time to think about the issue. This slashdotter made no effort, had no substance, no data, just a cheap metaphor that fell apart upon first glance.

or mistaking the rest of us for complete morons

How's this for lazy thinking -- I use duck typing.
Santa Clara has a downtown?

Sunnyvale didn't really until they started building a clone of Santana Row that went belly up with the housing crash. Well I guess Historic Murphy Avenue sort of counted.
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if your job involves any amount of memorization, you should be using a flash card app with spaced repetition
It seems wrong to frame the problem as "mathematics vs. cellular automata". The old kind of science (OKS?) is not as much about mathematics as it is about the scientific method of verification by experimentation.

If you want to setup a new kind of science, you have to devise a new verification method that is not experimentation-based. If you think you can go without experimentation altogether then it's not science at all (cf. pre-Copernic philosophical ramblings, à la Descartes).

It seems what Wolfram does with "NKS" is build new things; it builds those things by "finding them in the computational universe" (a universe that its automata explore).

Creating new ringtones is fine, funny and (moderately) interesting, but it's NOT science — not because ringtones are trivial, but because there is no concept of right or wrong in the ringtone universe. You cannot invalidate a melody.

Laws of nature expressed in mathematical formulas are verified everyday; if you want to demonstrate that nature is in fact made of cellular automata gone wild, you have to actually recreate nature (or parts of it) and show that it's indistinguishable from the real thing.

Although I don't know much about anything and haven't read NKS, I don't see any claims of this sort coming from Mr. Wolfram; I certainly didn't see it mentioned in the article.
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The PHP community is just now discovering long-running processes. Yesterday we made TYPO3 run on AppServer-in-PHP, and this simple setup change gave a 2-4x performance boost depending on complexity of request
Given the prospect of it going nuclear, I vote "killing half the planet is exceedingly bad for business as well"
Uh oh, Mr. Khan is not reactionary enough for the tastes of someone like Clemens:

Here Mr. Khan stands exposed as possessing a historical perspective steeped in academia’s standard issue, postmodern, left-leaning narrative of cultural relativism, multiculturalism, and moral equivalence.
I dont know, but I dont like the idea of things jumping up that fast and I am sure we will see more soon. Not good.
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The problem with those amazing crafts is that they disappear the day later, and you cannot get a cached version of them.

at http://www.google.com/logos/index.html you only have a static version of it, (see Martha Graham's 117th Birthday for instance).

Dear googlers on HN, is there anything you guys can do about this?
I suppose we're not "traditional" in this sense, but at Facebook we do somewhat more in-depth code reviews than just spot checking. Generally if you're modifying an existing system, you get one or two people who're familiar with that system (and thus know the big picture of code design, layout, etc) to review your diff.

If you're writing something totally new, you usually throw ideas and mocks (either UI or code-structure) until you decide on a solution that works.

I've found this to be pretty good at helping newer engineers write good (and idiomatic) code without hindering development speed much.
Now the real trial by fire for bitcoin begins...

One thing is for sure, this is going to be interesting.

/me gets popcorn
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Might be a topic of interest of a company that rivalled Paypal: 'Bullion and Bandits: The Improbable Rise and Fall of E-Gold' [0]. A guy had an ambition to have currency backed by gold rather than the Federal reserve. In his execution, he had also allowed anonymous accounts but soon had trouble with the FBI due to the anonymity.

[0] http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2009/06/e-gold/