skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
After learning Docker, I second this.

The great mistake happened way back in the 1980s (maybe earlier) when most OS developers didn't implement a proper permissions system for executables. Basically, the user should always be prompted to allow a program read/write access to the network, the filesystem and other external resources.

Had we had this, then executables could have been marked "pure" functional when they did't have dependencies and didn't require access to a config file. On top of that, we could have used the refcount technique from Apple's Time Machine or ZFS to have a single canonical copy of any file on the drive (based on the hash of its contents), so that each executable could see its own local copy of libraries rather than descending into dependency hell by having to manage multiple library versions sharing the same directories.

Then, a high-level access granting system should have been developed with blanket rules for executables that have been vetted by someone. Note that much of this has happened in recent years with MacOS (tragically tied to the App Store rather than an open system of trust).

There is nothing in any of this that seems particularly challenging. But it would have required the big OS developers to come on board at a time when they went out of their way to impose incompatibility by doing things like: using opposite slashes and backslashes, refusing to implement a built-in scripting language like Javascript, or even providing cross-platform socket libraries, etc.

The only parts I admire about Docker are that they kinda sorta got everything working on Mac, Windows and Linux, and had the insight that each line of a Dockerfile can be treated like layers in an installer. The actual implementation (not abstracting network and volume modes enough so there's only one performant one, having a lot of idiosyncrasies between docker and docker-compose, etc) still leave me often reaching for the documentation and coming up short.

That said, Docker is great and I think it was possibly the major breakthrough of the 2010s. And I do love how its way of opening ports makes a mockery of all other port mapping software.
I've run into more than a few ARM SoCs that use custom U-Boot forks, too.
If I select "unscheduled" will I have to fill a survey before I can reboot the machine?
Your analogy only works if in the first case it's the musician who pockets the entry fee. Or, in the second, the payment for the food. The second, you specified they didn't (you “sell” the hot dogs, i.e. presumably pocket the payment yourself). The first is usually not the case.

So your analogy doesn't work.
apparently threema also uses google for notifications on android:

"Threema uses Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) to notify the app of new messages in the background. If Google Play Services are not installed, Threema checks for new messages using polling. The polling interval is configurable between 5 and 30 minutes and may cause additional battery drain and data usage."

but, apparently doesn't transmit any messages via fcm:

"Threema uses Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) to inform Android users about incoming messages in the background. The app then fetches messages directly from the Threema servers, decrypts them and displays a local notification. Neither contents nor details about messages are transmitted via FCM (the FCM payload is empty), and all of Firebase’s tracking and analysis components have been removed."

perhaps signal does something similar?

on ios, it apparently encrypts notification messages instead:

"Threema uses the Apple Push Notification Service (APNS) to inform recipients with iOS about new messages while the app is closed or in the background. The APNS message contains a payload that has been encrypted with a symmetric key, which is negotiated between the app and the Threema servers and is not known to Apple."
Thanks! We view awkwardness as a good sign - it means we are hopefully capturing a part of real social interactions :)
I really don't mean to be rude, but I'm struggling to understand what I'm looking at and how it got near the top of HN.

It looks like a very basic stub project that uses a web library (vweb) to serve a very basic web site that's interpreted from a json file, with a stub for some sort of email subscription functionality.

The vweb library seems like it's not the point of this post…

The unfinished email feature couldn't be it…

No problem with someone posting an "I did a thing" post, but, again, A) what is the thing, and B) what's making people upvote this?

Have I just been misunderstanding how things get on the "front page" of HN all these years?
Did you try talk with them? They are probably much more like us than we are like 100 billion year old civilizations. They might find us interesting to look at but the proverbial bird watcher doesn't try to sit in the nest.
No, because people don’t use highly volatile speculative assets for everyday transactions.

But I know you’re referring to the transaction fees, and it would only be fair to point out that the cost of a lightning transaction is a few cents.
This comment is amazing...

"Microsoft recently came to my graduate school to recruit for user experience design and user experience research positions. 10 folks out of my program (about 25% of us) scored and interview.
Every single one of us had no intention of working for Microsoft and joked about it intensely. Microsoft had be relegated to the realm of other boring places to do our type of work but that you interview at for practice (and, you know, just in case that job at google doesn't pan out).

In my interview, the topic of digg.com came up and neither interviewer had heard of them. I said they were like a type of slahsdot, or maybe magnolia. Never heard of those either I quipped "oh, maybe you're not involve much in the web / web development world".

"Actually, I'm one of the project managers for Internet Explorer."

The interview went downhill, from Microsoft, from that point forward. My heart wasn't even in it "just in case" anymore."

Hard to believe Microsoft was so utterly reviled by competent people in 2007. Nowadays I look at some of the things they're doing (mostly Surface line) and I would love to be involved with that. I feel like, even though they're not always hitting the bullseye, Microsoft is really aiming for the target with Surface devices. I know the Surface Duo got a lot of hate, and I really wanted to get one, but I feel like it just isn't "there" yet. Microsoft has been on that sort of track record for the past 5 years or so... the first version of a new product is a little questionable, the second is decent enough, but the third iteration, they're really nailing it.

My Surface Book 3 is the best laptop I have ever owned, and I've had many.
We didn't make the music for money's sake either, it was a happy surprise to wake up the next morning to find that many members of our community liked it enough to buy it (it's pretty clear that it can be streamed and downloaded for free, so my assumption is that the purchase was willful, with most people paying $15-$20). Reading this bit about Gary definitely made me wonder about the tradeoffs you describe.

The experience also has me strategizing on our next move. I'm applying the Lean mindset and focusing on the feedback we got from paying customers: "longer and more songs", "loved the clear crisp audio", "you played X, it's my favourite". We're doing a St. Patrick's day album next which is focusing on those pillars. I also may have splurged and commissioned an album cover off Fiverr.
The next section in the article is what's important here:

E484K mutation
The E484K amino acid change, a receptor-binding-domain (RBD) mutation, was reported to be "associated with escape from neutralising antibodies" which could adversely affect the efficacy of spike protein-dependent COVID vaccines.[50][51] The E484K spike mutation was linked to a case of reinfection with the 501.V2 variant of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil, believed by researchers to be the first such case of reinfection involving this mutation.[29] The possibility of an alteration in antigenicity was referred to as an "escape mutation" from a monoclonal antibody with the capability of neutralising the spike protein variants of SARS-CoV-2.[52][53]
Though it is a convention, it has demonstrable, objective benefits.

The use of 0 as the basis means that, in mathematical language, the indexing is homogeneous and that conversion between different units is a linear map.

Imagine if we have tape measure that measures both meters and centimeters. Imagine that the first tick on the tape measure, representing no displacement, is simultaneously labeled "1 cm" and "1 m" instead of 0.

Now, we no longer have a linear map to convert between cm and m. What we have is an affine map, like m = 1 + (cm - 1)/100.

An affine map is a strictly inferior alternative when we have the freedom to establish a linear map.

Homogeneous/linear is the superior default. One-based can be used in the special cases where it is nicer.

Here is one example: binary heaps. When we store a binary tree structure into a heap array, 1 based indexing makes the calculations nicer for navigating from parent to children or vice versa:

[1]
[2] [3]
[4][5] [6][7]

The children of every node [n] are [2n] and [2n + 1]. The parent of every node [n] is [n / 2] (floor-truncating division).

Under 0 based, it's not as nice:

[0]
[1] [2]
[3][4] [5][6]

The children are now [2n+1] and [2n+2]. One extra addition is required in the case of the left child. Finding the parent requires a subtraction: [(n-1)/2].

Another way to see the advantage of 1 based here is that every row of the tree starts with a power of : [1] [2] [4] ...

Because we are dealing with exponentiation, avoiding 0 helps: 0 is not a power of two, so to "boostrap" the exponentiation, we have to displace it.

Note that even though it is nice for a binary heap to use 1 based indexing, we still want to store that in an zero-based array, and just sacrifice the storage for the zero element.

If we use a zero based array, then the nice heap arithmetic we wrote in the source code will look nice in the object code, due to the map from the source code array to the object code array being a linear map, rather than an affine map.

It is almost always better to simulate a 1 based array by sacrificing a storage element, than to have the compiler uglify the beautiful indexing calculations for the sake of which we switched to 1 based in the first place.

In summary:

1. we should choose the representation which offers the most succinct indexing calculations for the given situation, and not for some emotional reasons like "children learn to count from 1 and non-programmers understand that best".

2. arrays should be zero-based to preserve the succinctness of the calculation through to the object code (linear map from source to object, not affine).
You seem to be arguing that if FDA had begun widespread inoculation earlier with the current vaccines, variant COVID strains would not have arisen.

But that's wrong on several levels. Even if we had started producing vaccine en-masse in March, it would still take many more months (several years) to inoculate everyone on the planet. These novel strains would still have arisen within that time frame.

We would also have introduced additional problems that undertested therapies often suffer from and that the Chinese vaccine appears to have -- low efficacy. If quickly approved vaccines were no more than 50% efficacious on large fraction of the planet's peoples, herd immunity would take longer to accumulate and novel strains would still emerge.

Of course, toxicity is another likelier outcome from undertesting a new vaccine. Others can assess that risk better than I. In short, when it comes to combating pestilence, there's no free lunch.
Financial companies, pharmaceutical companies, automotive companies, aircraft (component or manufacturing) companies. They all fail to understand the criticality of software and IT to their long term objectives, and greatly undervalue people in those fields.

A recurring issue I've found is, "Jack the EE picked up programming in a week, why are you worth as much or more than him when you aren't even a 'real' engineer?" Substitute another field for EE based on industry. Software is simultaneously too easy for them to take seriously, and too hard for them to fathom its depths.
RAM is the new disk – and how to measure its performance (2015)
Not to fall into the category of being "defeatist" even more, but platforms that actually pose a threat to the established social media channels (like Parler did), get a very special kind of treatment by the "FAANG-cartel" as you might have noticed.

The solution is political change, imo, irregardless of all the problems that come with policing a multinational website like Twitter.
Can someone please write an Emacs command that shows me a random painting from this data set?
Is systemd's encryption a replacement for existing software like LUKS or just a wrapper around it?
> "Let me pay to not see ads". But it doesn't work that way. The value of ads is quantified in aggregate, not on a per-customer basis.

The bigger issue is the people that would pay to remove ads have more expensive habits and are worth much more in ads than the average user (though maybe that is somewhat counteracted by being more savvy against scams delivered through ads).
Basically you have to crack hard crypto. With key lengths long enough and no mathematical weaknesses discovered in the algorithm it could easily take until the heat death of the universe.
Isn't it a true functional way?
> I'll be using gtk-rs thank you very much.

Please be aware that if you do this, your application won't be accessible with screen readers or other assistive technologies on Windows and Mac. At least not now. Maybe I'll have time to implement GTK accessibility backends for those platforms someday.
>That's not true. FB has many US moderators

Who also have terrible jobs, and impossible work queues.
Note he's salaried, that's not contract rates. Salaried employees also get health, 401k, ESPP, and other benefits that contract workers have to cover themselves - not to mention self employment taxes etc.

He may still be underpaid, but it's not apples/apples.
Separate the wage-fixing cartel from the rewarding work. Both may reduce the wages they have to offer, yet neither action requires the other. One of them is good, the other unethical and illegal.
> excess money tends to go into rent

Rent-seekers will attempt to extract the maximum they can get away with. The solution is controls to prevent that. Anything that is essential (rent, utilities, food) should not be subject to the whims and greed of private interests.
I guess in 2021, HNers think the NY Post is a legitimate media outlet straining for objectivity, rather than the tabloid rag that they are. And I guess we'll all have a highly partisan discussion over it despite the Post obviously having a huge axe to grind against Twitter, further calling into question their "reporting".
"If we ever invent a time machine I doubt we'd learn much from humans of 10,000 years ago. There would be some surprises for historians and archaeologists, but we certainly wouldn't treat them as cultural or technological equals."

That's only your opinion, and it's most probably wrong. These guys were capable of feats you can only dream of. And you could be very surprised at their level of sophistication, which might appear higher than us on many levels - if not on all levels.
Met my wife at lindy, grew together into balboa, blues, lindy, evolved into fusion groove swing, we miss social dancing, too.

This snapshot video to me is nicely capturing the spirit of "what's lindy hop?"

https://youtu.be/zbhgzVfYoOQ
Thanks for your video. This no doubt foreshadows the Raspberry Foundation eventually moving away from the Broadcom SoCs to their own custom SoC for future Raspberry Pi iterations as well.
I'm not worried especially about this vaccine, I'm worried about the future state where we get too clever by half.
I'm with you. I saw the delivery, and at the time thought it so much easy bromide, soporific treacle. It's even worse now seeing the words on a page. I have an innate distrust of 22-year-old poets. What do they know of pain, loss, irrevocable breaking of things, and the compounding interests of their tolls over a longer span of life. Pretty sentiments, the simiplistic rhymes, and I could not even find a meter. Yesterday I was thinking of W. S. Merwin.

" ... it was then that you
saw him in his own exile and you
paid for him and kept him until he
could fly again and you let him go
but then where could he go in the world
of your time with its wars everywhere
and the soldiers hungry the fires lit
the knives out twelve hundred years ago."
My Garage Compressed Air Setup
> I'll be using gtk-rs thank you very much.

How well does gtk-rs work as a cross-platform GUI library? I know it works well on Linux, but I haven't tried it on macOS or Windows.

If anyone has experience using it for cross-platform development, I'd love to hear about it.
We didn't go with the 64-core chips because they have significantly lower clock speeds.

Dual 32-core chips give us plenty of cores while keeping clocks higher for single-threaded performance.

You are correct that the price of the CPUs is almost irrelevant to the overall cost of a system with this much memory and storage. We were picking the ideal CPU, not selecting on CPU price.
They show a screenshot of it running on Android right on the frontpage, so apparently yes. There’s a list of clients over here:

https://funkwhale.audio/en_US/apps
i think you’re missing the point. If a relatively higher portion of women vs. men have college degrees and thus greater opportunities for stable, salaried positions; and a larger swath of the men are in (increasingly inconsistent, hourly and low-paid) physical labor markets, while a smaller proportion of men also have stable, salaried jobs (and it’s often still going to be the case that of the highest-compensated employees, a larger portion of them are male): most women aren’t going to want to hitch themselves long-term to someone with unstable prospects. This is where the matching problem comes in, and no, it’s not unreasonable to realize (and it doesn’t necessarily imply a flawed personality in the person who recognizes it enough to write it) that you’re going to have a lot of men with no ability to build a life (ie a wife and a family). And with the increasingly connected-world/social media, they’ll be keenly aware of how a handful of other men have it better/easier. Not crazy to think that will lead to larger societal problems.
Read the book "Hitler's Table Talk" by Trevor Roper.
Soulseek is still going strong, I recently discovered.
You have to look at the bright side. I have done this move twice.

* Fire ants mean you can just ignore your back yard. Why bother to mow or plant anything? You can't use the yard because the ants will attack. Not trying to maintain a yard frees up time.

* Public schools host prayer meetings, don't bother complaining. At least the one our daughter attended for a couple of months did, and tried to get her to go. We took her out of school when the second-grade teacher punished her for "reading books above her grade level." Thanks to Cedar Park public schools we got into homeschooling.

* You will get asked what church you go to every time you chat with your neighbors. But you will rarely meet your neighbors because they drive the F150 just to go down the block.

* Great barbecue! Even the Buccee's gas stations have good barbecue.

* I miss HEB.

* No shortage of bars and alcohol. Austin must have more bars per capita than any city I have visited.

* Austin public library is beautiful and has lots of free services. It also has the most bizarre organization of books I've ever seen. If you need to study Windows 3 programming or DCOM they have it.

* Bike paths that just end. No riding on the sidewalk -- get in there and mix it up with the pickup trucks.

* Electric scooters littering every inch of sidewalk. Maybe those got cleaned up.
Pravetz Computers
Instacart is firing every employee who voted to unionize
Someone replied and then deleted their comment, but I'll reply to it anyway. They wrote:

> This is the safe abstraction! I mean it's a pretty mechanical translation but it's nonetheless as safe as Rust will ever consider it.

No, it's not safe. Assuming I understand Rust correctly: if your bindings allow Rust programmers to trigger undefined behaviour even when they restrict themselves to the safe subset of Rust, that means that either your bindings have a defect, or the underlying (wrapped) library has a defect.
Those are not all of the salient facts about Bitcoin and Ethereum. Not even close.
Every few years? My experience is more like every 6 weeks in the winter. Even with lock down I have caught the second cold of the season. I am guessing you don't have kids
Was just hoping to point out for those who aren't as close to this space that the fact that non-neutralizing antibodies can bind is neither a positive nor negative signal.

Also, what I wrote is not speculation:

The potential danger of suboptimal antibody responses in COVID-19 (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-020-0321-6) (Overview)

COVID-19-neutralizing antibodies predict disease severity and survival (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009286742...)
Early Report states iOS 15 to drop support for iPhone 6s/SE/More
Python’s `lambda` can only contain a single expression.

There’s no good way to add support for full anonymous functions to Python’s grammar. One of the rules that makes significant-whitespace work elegantly is that statements can contain expressions, but never vice-versa.
Show HN: Green Privacy Project: old routers – new smart VPN routers
My parents live in a country where VOIP calls are not allowed. I was very frustrated with how they always would forget to turn on VPN on their devices, and some times install malwares mistakenly thinking it's a "free VPN".

So I built "Freedom Routers" a plug & play whole network VPN router to connect all your home devices to a VPN at once with the ability to change VPN location from within the router.

- It can be used to connect none supported devices to a VPN (PS4, IPTV, etc)
- it can be used as an umbrella for all devices to encrypt all traffic via VPN
- It can be used to bypass ISP restrictions
- prevent leaks (since the router is also a firewall).
- It can be operated by someone who has 0 knowledge about VPN / tech (pure plug and play)

The video is the router's control panel interface.
Please give me your feedback about the whole project.
the idea, the UI, the hardware, etc.

tl;dr: a VPN router that pops a new Wi-Fi in your home which automatically connects to a VPN
> In 2000, Tucows acquired Linux Weekly News.

What? I had no idea.

There's a reference too [1]. The next article [2] in that series (which was a retrospective about five years later) goes on to say:

> Meanwhile, by this time [2002], Tucows had come to terms with the fact that its acquisition (and ongoing operation) of LWN was not helping it, given the directions its business was taking. So, after some discussion, LWN was unacquired - it was given back to its creators, with Tucows holding on to a small piece just in case.

[1] https://lwn.net/Articles/264980/

[2] https://lwn.net/Articles/265813/
Thanks for bringing that to my attention. I have corrected it now.

Not a huge fan of Substack's editor :)
Yeah, agreed. I assume there is something cool for me to learn here but it's not immediately apparent to due to my initial ignorant starting point. What is this thing?
Write an article about it
Because the cost of the lawsuit would still be carried by these open source volunteers.
I went through the process of befriending a very timid/shy cat owned by a housemate and would largely agree. I'd say it differently, maybe "seek first to understand and then to be understood"?

But in learning how to befriend this "difficult" cat I really had to set aside all of my own agendas and ideas, and I learned something very generalizable about how to learn.