skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The Rail Industry was never broken up, it instead was regulated by the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC).

The ICC regulated all manner of their businesses:

Pricing - Maximum Rates, Minimum Rates, and rates per commodity/freight type.

Quality of Service - Adding New Service, Modifying, Reducing, or Abandoning Existing Service.

Safety - hours of service rules, equipment and inspection standards.

Mergers - All Mergers, Divestments, etc needed ICC approval.

The issue is the ICC regulated the Railroads as if they were the only kind of transportation available, so when the rail industry wanted to lower rates, or reduce service once trucking appeared, they were denied the ability to respond to market conditions, The ICC was also known for its turgid yet protracted decision making process - the Union Pacific, Rock Island Merger case is a great example, the decision making process took so long that the RI basically was bankrupt by the time it was approved, at which point the UP no longer wanted a bankrupt road.

In addition to that one of the prime forces that led to the NYC/PRR merger, and later bankruptcy, was that because of the ICC price setting mechanism, and other changes to the trackside industries that they served, they were effectively regulated into bankruptcy (there are other contributing factors too, like usurious property tax rates in their operating areas, and inflexible outdated work rules, that required three man crews on diesel locomotives).

I don't mean to say that regulation is bad, but one should be careful how that regulation is crafted, and the regulation must be updated from time to time - the underlying methodology must be regularly renewed to ensure they are not girdling the businesses being regulated.

That said, the regulatory model used by the ICC and CAB (Trains/Trucks/Busses and Airplanes Respectively) was beneficial early on, but failed to adapt to changing market conditions. Quite Arguably the Staggers Act (Railroad), the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 (Trucks and Busses) Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 (Airlines), left their regulated industries healthier and more competitive than before, and adjusted for inflation, rates for all of these industries are lower now than they ever had been, and all three are (generally) more profitable, while still providing lots of high paying decent jobs for folks.
+1 for Obsidian. It’s the best note taking app I’ve yet found, and I’ve tried almost all of them at this point.
I’d say it’s pretty well certain that between solar and wind there’s abundant energy to be harvested. It’s just a matter of storing it cheaply, and lithium supply is rather extensive.

At this point it’s “simply” a matter of scaling up the manufacturing base, which is one thing humans are astoundingly good at. Just look at silicon production scale over the last 40 years and extrapolate for lithium ion.

Likewise, there’s no boundary in physics, technology or human physiology to stop us from establishing a human colony on Mars.
So 5 years and then goodbye.
Every one of these "Big-O explainers" says pretty much the same thing: count (or bound) the number of steps, then take the most significant term, and drop the constant associated with it. None of them explain why you take the most significant term or drop constant factors.

I get why that is. You need the mathematical definition to demonstrate why that is, and most "Big-O explainers" don't want to assume any significant amount of mathematical background. But, that definition isn't that hard. It's simply:

f(x) is O(g(x)) iff there exists a positive number M and an x_0 such that for all x > x_0, |f(x)| <= Mg(x).

And, if you're in an analysis of algorithms context, it's even easier, because you typically don't have to worry about this absolute value business.

Well, that M is essentially the reason you get to drop constant multiples of f(x). And, you drop the least significant terms of f(x) because g(x) dominates them, i.e. lim_{x -> \infty} g(x)/f(x) = 0. (No need to prove this, because this is what makes the "less significant" terms less significant.)

I would also like to add that the equals sign in f(x) = O(g(x)) is one of the most useful abuses of notation that I know of, but it can be misleading. It doesn't behave at all like a real equality because it's not symmetric, but it is transitive and reflexive. It actually acts more like set membership than equality.
The Nissan Leaf is a hatchback. The Tesla Model S is a hatchback. So is the Y. You might be right about real Amuricuns but the EV buying segment rather likes hatchbacks. With the exception of one SUV, which I did not like, every car I've ever owned since my first Honda Civic has been a hatchback.
I agree. There are good reasons to be skeptical of the story at this point. But if, for purposes of argument, one ignores other claims and goes by the original post only, it falls into the category of vaguely plausible. Vaguely to be sure. But not quite so vaguely that I'm going to say that no experienced journalist could ever fall for it. (Although, the more I think about it, the harder it is for me to believe that she wouldn't have made one phone call or sent one email to the dean or whoever to ask "Hey, I seem to be being given the runaround" before quitting her job. Journalists aren't known for being shy about picking up the phone.)
I saw this daily drop on several small biz Comcast setups. I recall I found it while looking through all the settings on the router, though I do recall having to call Comcast and they set something so it never happened again.
It was the Comcast device with built in wifi. Hardwired didn't glitch, just wifi.
"The decisions are arbitrary, impossible to appeal, and may ruin you."

This is a monopoly.
You may be interested in Elixir Nerves as well.

https://www.nerves-project.org/
A gentle reminder for anyone reading that "support@[company_name].com" is a pretty safe bet for anyone frustrated with the pattern of using bots or self-service funnels. If you're not sure if that's a valid address, a websearch will help confirmed that. Doing this for webflow results in the first result being:

"We provide email support Monday through Friday. ... We also might need the read-only link to your project and the email associated with your account. To contact our team, please reach out to us directly at support@webflow.com."

I've hit up Webflow support a few times this way (as a SaaS founder I actively avoid chatbots or delayed service funnels) and have found them to be amazingly fast and super detailed in their replies. It's partly what tipped me over to be a customer. In any case, I hope you get a quick reply to your query. And it did make me smile in a "very Hackernews" way that the first reply I saw to this wonderful post was a complaint :P
Great, probably the current owner might still get one or two years out of it, given Google's official update cycles.
Yeah, it reads like a compliance vehicle. They know they’ll lose money hand over fist, so they made it as much of a nerd pod as possible.

(And there’s a market for nerd pods. See: Prius. But that ain’t Chevy’s market, no sir.)
The resource I recommend to people looking to move from wet lab to dry lab stuff is https://www.biostarhandbook.com/. From your post history it looks like you already have some programming experience, so you could skip the first few chapters which are just a linux intro. I don't think it has all the best practices, but I think it's the most comprehensive overview that starts from square 1 and fills in all the gaps no one tells you when you first start, for example the "Common data types" chapter.
Most client code I have ever seen unfortunately only ever looks for status code != 200
Depends on if the context is dwarves or group theory.
I just checked the twitter account of the first author (who does not seem to be currently affiliated with any scientific institution). I can only understand his German and English tweets. He likes to push his own book, retweeted a post claiming "just stop testing for the virus and people will die of influenza again", and calls other peoples work pseudoscience.
By delisting the cryptocurrency from exchanges or shutting down cryptocurrency exchanges.
If you don't like "fun", WolframAlpha can solve those for you. :-)

https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=f%281%29+%3D+1%2C+f%28...
Another scenario to keep in mind is the Thundering Herd Problem[0].
Exponential backoff without added jitter could still DDoS the servers.

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thundering_herd_problem#Mitiga...
> I occasionally need to use both in sequence to sign in.

Goodness...Elaborate?
This is a weak take. Are we saying that any feature built into a web browser is desirable by virtue of the products popularity? 99% of chrome users use it because they recognize the interface from school laptops. Do you really want to live in this world where massive corporations can put whatever they want in their products and the justification is “yeah well people still downloaded it?”
It's a relatively long article - but it does not answer one simple question, which is quite important when discussing this: were there any malicious files hosted on that semi-random Cloudfront URL? I realise that Google did not provide help identifying it - but that does not mean one should simply recomission the server under a new domain and continue as if nothing has happened!

From TFA:

> We quickly realized an Amazon Cloudfront CDN URL that we used to serve static assets (CSS, Javascript and other media) had been flagged and this was causing our entire application to fail for the customer instances that were using that particular CDN

> Around an hour later, and before we had finished moving customers out of that CDN, our site was cleared from the GSB database. I received an automated email confirming that the review had been successful around 2 hours after that fact. No clarification was given about what caused the problem in the first place.

Yes, yes, Google Safe Browsing can use its power to wipe you off the internet, and when it encounters a positive hit (false or true!) it does so quite broadly, but that is also exactly what is expected for a solution like that to work - and it will do it again if the same files are hosted under a new URL as soon as detects the problem again.
As of today there are no legal protection framework for digital services.

Banking is heavily regulated , you are protected by hundreds if not thousands of laws.

For digital services ? Twitter and Google can legitimately suspend ALL your accounts because you liked a Trump video on YouTube or Tweeted something « Hateful » to Biden.

You can try to go court. You will loose 100% of the time. They are private businesses operating within their own terms, there is not « false » flag or wrong « ban »

They’re private businesses offering a free service, they can cease to offer that at any moment that they want.
Congratulations ! I predict you are going to be one of a very small percentage that survive your ugly past and become successful in your future.

One of the keys to this journey is STOP FOCUSING ON YOUR PAST.

Your past haunts you, but every time it appears in your consciousness, you throw it right out.

Focus on the present and the future, surround your self with fellow CS students who are motivated.

Keep yourself busy on projects, if you stay busy you will less likely be thinking about the past.

Be aware that the violence you received as an adolescent predisposes you to violence in relationships - - it's not your fault. Seek out proper relationship counseling to learn how to deal with any tendencies for you to react violently to a situation of any kind. If you go through actual group therapy where people yell, scream and poke at you to attempt to get you to become violent - - you have the opportunity to learn how to fight the urge and deal with it properly. Yoga will likely help you a great deal.

If you do suffer from severe depression consider Ketamine therapy. Otherwise, mild depression is often treated in part by endorphins released through exercise, like jogging or swimming.
Yep, some vendors have that kind of pull, which is exactly why the Carbon API was created and persisted for a long while. But, like Carbon, Apple will eventually sunset anything that drags at them evolving the platform.
Strongly disagree on the SSH example. Security warnings should be a little more alarming than just "Continue yes/no".

Asking whether they are sure they want to continue has added context to make someone think twice about whether they are really connecting to the correct host.

Likewise, repeating the host address again after confirmation makes an error more likely to be spotted if it's off slightly (think along the lines of spaced repetition helping memorise things).
Yeah I was aware of its history and compatibility. Just never got into what made it worth to make the switch. Although ditching anything related with Oracle is always a good reason
My model 3 has an enclosed trunk. Why would you call it a hatchback?
Can anybody explain to me why it ever seemed like a good idea to make both: (1) Semicolons at the ends of lines and (2) Function-call parentheses, not required, and not illegal, but optional? It strikes me as an abdication of the responsibility of a designer, like making both String::substring and String::substr available as aliases one to the other. Who cares? Choose one and stick with it! Otherwise it becomes a race between linter-writers and community programmers to see if the entire ecosystem will become polluted with an ugly mix of both styles. A race which the linter-writers always lose.
That’s an important point!

I mostly just dump in ‘facts’—my frequent flyer number, gift ideas, recipes. It’s just an external drive for my memory...

But the active process of reflection and editing and synthesis based on actual notes...I completely miss out on that. It’s not a piece of tech, so much as a process.

It reminds me of the Cornell notes system [1]: take raw notes in the moment, then condense and summarize them later. Reviewing and refining force you to internalize the content, not just record it.

[1] http://lsc.cornell.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Cornell-No...
You say it isn't hard, but I have 2 graduate degrees and didn't understand your explanation at all.

"Hard" is relative to prerequisite knowledge, which can vary significantly.
Your expectations are very specific to what you know about US schools right now. MIT would let a machine receive email, many institutions would forward email to a users alum address, etc.

This approach to identifying phishing is ultimately insufficient.
For decades, Harvard issued alumni email addresses of *@post.harvard.edu. [1] Given that “post” could either refer to “after” or “postal”, I would imagine someone who didn’t know many people at Harvard might think that a post.harvard.edu email address is a normal thing for current employees.

1: https://alumni.harvard.edu/help/email-forwarding
>>that's why we live in a society of laws.

That is not why we have a society of laws

" The law is the organization of the natural right of lawful defense. It is the substitution of a common force for individual forces. And this common force is to do only what the individual forces have a natural and lawful right to do: to protect persons, liberties, and properties; to maintain the right of each, and to cause justice to reign over us all. " -- Frédéric Bastiat

The law was not founded to curb liberties, or to control populations, the law was founded to protect liberties and the allow people to be free

"But, unfortunately, law by no means confines itself to its proper functions. And when it has exceeded its proper functions, it has not done so merely in some inconsequential and debatable matters. The law has gone further than this; it has acted in direct opposition to its own purpose. The law has been used to destroy its own objective: It has been applied to annihilating the justice that it was supposed to maintain; to limiting and destroying rights which its real purpose was to respect. "
I did not want to speculate, but when I think of someone wanting to humiliate and embarrass, the first name that came to mind was "IT cell". But one of my friends said, the "IT cell" usually sends rape threats, they are not so sophisticated.

You either know about the "IT cell" or please google it ... all the links on it are non-authoritative.
Man grows mushrooms in blood after self-treatment
Only advice I can give is Find something you’re passionate about and drives you. I heard somewhere it’s better to be at the bottom of the ladder you want to be on versus in the middle or top of one you don’t want to be on. Keep it simple and perserve though living an enjoyable life.
Now imagine those self contained scripts are deployed to target servers. Add logging, metrics, remote control, atomic data pipelines.

Or what I like to call 'data processing'.

That's more or less what I built for healthcare IT. Before the term "serverless" was coined.

Just peeked at Airbyte. I'd definitely look longer next time I have to do ETL.

--

My only pause for concern is their phrase "optional normalized schemas". What does that mean?

In my experience, data processing is best treated like screen or web scrapping. The tools based on schemas, mappings, patch cords (visual programing) always prove useless. All the CASE and workflowy tools like BizTalk and Talend are 800lb angry gorillas siting between you and your work.

Super simple self contained scripts, which can easily be ran from the command line or REPL, are The Correct Answer™.
I think that another good reason to enable swap is if you use a memory filesystem for /tmp (e.g. tmpfs).
/tmp tends to accumulate garbage, so it is nice to have the system page out files that are still present but effectively no more needed
At least for Facebook and Twitter, self-writing and faxing a C&D notice to the legal departments usually helps with getting accounts unbanned.
Groovy is fantastic for quickly creating domain specific languages. I've done a bunch of them over the years for different problem domains and have yet to find another solution that yields effective custom languages that are as readable and easy to implement.
It's possible that he's both hypocritical and correct.
I've been happy for about a year now buying and downloading songs from Amazon Music, Bandcamp, and Patreon. I get full control of my music library, and usually I get clean metadata & album art. I've had to do cleanup for some Patreon downloads and a CD rip.
Strassen algorithm is 7-multiplications for a 2x2 matrix. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strassen_algorithm

A matrix can always be split into groups of sub-matrix, and the groups of sub-matrix is itself a matrix. Applying Strassen algorithm recursively is therefore O(n^log2(7)) == O(n^2.8ish).
Tesorio Is Hiring Senior PMs and Senior Engineers
I recently saw a post on HN (I cannot remember which one now) where a number of long time techies (programmers and the like) told small portions of their adventures in tech.
I found it fascinating! I have been programming for at least 15 years so maybe I felt some kind of kinship or relatability to what I was reading. Still, I thought I'd make a post here and ask for more.

How long have you been in tech?

In what capacity?

What are you doing now?
They did, the rebating prohibition was mostly to stop a carrier from offering favorable shipping rates to one shipper while charging higher rates to another. The ICC methodology was helpful in stopping the roads from abusing shippers, however the ICC regulated the Railroads as if they were the only kind of transportation available, so when the rail industry wanted to lower rates, or reduce service once trucking appeared, they were denied the ability to respond to market conditions.

The ICC was also known for its turgid yet protracted decision making process - the Union Pacific, Rock Island Merger case is a great example, the decision making process took so long that the RI basically was bankrupt by the time it was approved, at which point the UP no longer wanted a bankrupt (and 20 years maintenance deferred) road.

In addition to that one of the prime forces that led to the NYC/PRR merger, and later bankruptcy, was that because of the ICC price setting mechanism, and other changes to the trackside industries that they served, they were effectively regulated into bankruptcy (there are other contributing factors too, like usurious property tax rates in their operating areas, and inflexible outdated work rules, for example, that required three man crews on diesel locomotives).

I don't mean to say that regulation is bad, but one should be careful how that regulation is crafted, and the regulation must be updated from time to time - the underlying methodology must be regularly renewed to ensure they are not girdling the businesses being regulated.

That said, the regulatory model used by the ICC and CAB (Trains/Trucks/Busses and Airplanes Respectively) was beneficial early on, but failed to adapt to changing market conditions. Quite Arguably the Staggers Act (Railroad), the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 (Trucks and Busses) Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 (Airlines), left their regulated industries healthier and more competitive than before, and adjusted for inflation, rates for all of these industries are lower now than they ever had been, and all three are (generally) more profitable, while still providing lots of high paying decent jobs for folks.
For Python code, I usually just ask critics if they’ve tested it (because I have). Frequently using a built-in will be faster than a custom loop even if at the surface level you’re going over the data more than once.
I think Toxic Positivity is a bit of a misnomer, I'd probably call it "False Positivity".

It's not some subset of real positivity that is toxic, it's just... not actual positivity. It's an act.
yea that's pretty bad , I wonder how they achieved that
I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around how squeezing Tether or Bitcoin would work in this case. Could you please explain?
When Sun was put on sale, there were eventually two offers, Oracle and IBM (which withdraw theirs shortly thereafter).

Google did zero offers back it was still unclear who would save Sun, most likely hoping that they would just sink away.

Eventually Oracle and IBM came into the picture, and still radio silence from Mountain View.

So yeah, they get what they deserve.

As for links, the press of the day.
> Outside of a city, good luck getting the police to come to your house. Where I used to live they would take at least 20 minutes and it wasn't particularly rural.

Even living in the city doesn't necessarily help. I once called the police because a guy was in my apartment complex looking for me with a gun. It took them 45 minutes to arrive, and this was in the city only a mile and a half from the nearest police station.

It was pretty clear to me after they arrived that since I lived in a bad neighborhood, they didn't want to deal with the situation. They figured they could wait, let whatever was going to happen happen, and then roll in and take statements.
There is no hardware based translation. It is done purely in software by Rosetta 2. However, having Total Store Ordering (TSO) in hardware does help simplify Rosetta.
It's great to have a handle on big O but funny I've seen people index to it too much.

An algorithm can look "really bad" from Big-O point of view and still be really good if: it's applied to a small enough input, or it's implemented very efficiently.
Nice, your software looks pretty polished! Have you published any kind of best practices guides for using decoys, or alternatively are you aware of any other good guides?

I've seen decoys mentioned in infosec Twitter quite a few times recently (I think more about OSS ones), and I'd like to learn more about how they are generally actually used, what the expectations are etc.
Which physical limit specifically? I don't see any relevant one; 60 years is a long time.