skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's the way the credit system was designed, even before widespread computer networking - based entirely on trust. The customer would bring the card in and the merchant would make a signed carbon copy and call it in or deliver the receipts to the bank every day, which would settle the accounts between banks over a week or so, with the credit card provider carrying some level of liability. This is one of the reasons credit cards weren't accepted most places until networked POS terminals and instantaneous verification made the trust more practical.

Some merchants have their own verification steps in addition to the terminal like Best Buy checking a customer's ID to see if it matches the card and one of these special cards wouldn't fly if anyone actually looked it. It's not like you can walk into a Lamborghini dealership with one like you can with a Centurion card (which has some sort of concierge service for verifying large purchases IIRC).
Never came up for me in numerous google searches over the years. I'll give it a try!
Every subscriber has an endless stack like this in one or more rooms of their home or apartment: https://www.google.com/search?q=stack+of+unread+new+yorkers&...

They don't throw them out because they really intend to finish them one day.
wow, most likely, this means there would be a virus infective to all operating systems...
I never said it would be easy, but you make a good point. Compensating based on other sets of ears would be tough, because their locations are unknown and change fast.

Directional sound is possible to an extent, Woody Norris gave a TED talk about it a long while back, it is called hypersonic sound. I think it uses ultrasound to generate compressions and rarefactions far away. I realize it sounds like science fiction, but you could perhaps transduce sound to electricity and again to sound, sending the signal of your voice away from you faster than the speed of sound, in time for a cancellation wave to be generated and have an effect. I suppose the analogy would be quiescing a ripple in a pond.
It’s really easy to set this up. Authorizations for changes get routed to the bank of the issuer. It’s no different than rejecting for a bad a zip code, except it’s based purely off the card number.
From the Readme:

>The syntax of wax is inspired by WebAssembly Text Format (wat), hence the name. Though it uses S-expressions reminiscent of the Lisp family, it is actually quite imperative and most resemblant of C in its design. The idea of transpiling to many languages is inspired by Haxe.

Can someone change the title? Just because it uses parens does not mean it's in the lisp family.
What is the 'off-grid' tax?
I'll say a little more, as you've obviously put some time into trying to understand the code. You're generally on the right track.

The curve family is basically the same as the 4-parameter spline curve in my thesis when bias <= 1.0, except the parametrization is different. The magic (the "seemingly bizarre function") happens when bias > 1.0, in which case it describes a curve that's inspired by an elastica as the tension goes up, though the details are a bit different. Also note that when both bias values are 1.0, the curve is an Euler spiral, which I consider especially beautiful and suitable for interactive design.

Regarding solving the curve equations, yes, it has to do some solving in order to get the curve into place. It doesn't have to be a full differential equation solver, though, fundamentally it's a doubly nested integral - the expression of curvature as a function of arclength is a Cesàro equation, and integrating that once gives a Whewell equation.

G2 continuity is enforced by the spline solver, particularly `iterate` (with some help from `adjust_tensions` for cases where an auto point is opposite on off-curve point). The current version of that solver is a bit hacky and not 100% robust. Basically it computes the curvature error at each on-curve point, then pushes the tangent at that point in the direction of reducing the error.

As I said, I'll do a full explanation of the math before long. Hopefully that will address a lot of your questions.
The downside is people will smoke on them and leave their butts around.
Unsure how to get on board with the "fantastic belief system" part (what exactly is 'fantastic'?), or the anti-conflict part as I believe most scholars of ancient history would say it has been the driver of the Chinese state which has 'integrated' numerous adjacent cultures over the last 2500 years. Present era stability is nice, however this was not always the norm, so I am umsure how much can be ascribed to Confucianism...
Even if you are trying to avoid the standard library, visual studio will insert memcpy into a loop that is just copying memory, then the linker will error out when it can't find it.
I'm honestly curious what will happen to these systems in 20 more years when most of the skilled knowledge retires and the resources, documentation, and toolchain maintenance goes with it. Industrial automation from years past moved to hardware emulation to keep the binaries running on ancient oil refineries that would be wholesale replaced at some point.

The systems described in the article store real data that would need to be migrated, which may be locked in uninterpretable binary formats read using binaries which can't be run on modern hardware.
The original book is about an IBM mainframe OS that was a second system effect project, but which eventually succeeded.

The point isn’t that every rewrite fails, it’s that it makes things really painful and is rarely worth it. The Mozilla rewrite, Windows NT transition, and MacOS X transition all succeeded too, just painfully.

Thus, a counterexample wouldn’t be a complex rewrite that succeeded or failed; it would be one that was surprisingly easy, painless, and shipped on time, with the expected feature set.
I am addicted to her updates. Clearly she has a bias, but her historical knowledge and ability to correlate it with modern events is fascinating. While her posts are pretty long, her writing is clear and full of information, making for a fast read.

Edit: reading the full article, it talks about her making money. You know what? It is about time teachers got paid. Good for her. I didn't even know about her substack, I'm signing up.
And on top of that RNA can exhibit non-canonical base pairing like G-U. [1]

[1]: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wobble.svg
Not sure what the "leak" is. Apple booked 3NM builds at TSMC. Okay, predictable. No information on new chips.
I'm sorry, but the STL, especially the Stepanov designed parts are brilliant pieces of software. Written in a style unlike anything else. Generic programming is often misunderstood and that's a damn shame.
Is there not still room for the physical college or university? Or in your opinion would it be a thing of the past? There might be value in guild-like trade-schools, but what about interdisciplinary interaction, or coming to find your passions through trial of a variety of subjects? "Peer-to-peer credentials" are a very interesting idea -- rings of trust for credentials, and I would like to see more work in this area.
Kind of? The 1ST_READ.BIN had to be re-scrambled to run off of CD-ROM, but this was trivial after the Utopia leak.

However, if this were the reason for the demise of the console, we could expect large volume sales of the (loss-leader? or close to it?) console, and limited game sales.

Instead, unfortunately for Sega and ultimately, everyone, we saw limited sales of both the Dreamcast console and its games - a sign that the console itself was simply defeated by the PS2, rather than piracy.

Another argument here is that the PS2 suffered from a similarly trivial "swap magic" exploit just after release, where as long as the disc drive never registered a disc ejection, running code could simply be switched out for another piece of running code.

By the time Dreamcast piracy was common place, the console was already cancelled.
Curious, about this, I got sucked into a rabbithole of reading about this background of this etymology. Thanks for the nerdsnipe! :)

"THE ETYMOLOGY OF İSTANBUL: MAKING OPTIMAL USE OF THE EVIDENCE"

https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/bitstream/handle/item/15924/stac...

(It disputes the details of the traditional 'to the city' etymology, but in the end proposes deriving from something else with very similar meaning, "στην­ Πόλι" (something maybe like 'sten­ Poli' but there are details of historical pronunciation in the article I didn't read closely) rather than "εἰς­ τὴν ­Πόλιν" [is timˈbolin].)
This is a very interesting question since it is a fundamental problem in any group human activity. I have found the following useful;

* Management: A political activity by Ted Stephenson. For some reason, most people are not aware of this book. Deals with Power, Conflict, Bargaining, Compromise, Participation and Change. The opening line of the preface states "This book presents the view that management is substantially a political activity, based on power and characterized by conflict". Since we are dealing with Human organisms this is absolutely the right approach to take.

* The Empowered Manager: Positive Political Skills at Work by Peter Block is also good but more idealistic. But be aware that trying to be/do good does not guarantee reciprocation.

* The Complete Upmanship: Including Gamesmanship, Lifemanship, One-upmanship and Supermanship by Stephen Potter. Humourous, but a great deal of life advice in it. Basically, how to put down other people and show yourself in the best light using "genteel" psychological means.

* Behavior Modification: Principles and Procedures by Raymond Miltenberger. ABA psychology course textbook which is a must read.

* Brainwashing: The science of thought control by Kathleen Taylor. The title is bit sensationalist, but the content is very relevant.
Yes, my angry summaries usually do go to the other extreme and gloss over details.

I usually write them when I feel like an article is grossly disrespecting my time, either by being clickbait, obfuscating the topic at hand, or including ridiculous amounts of useless filler (particularly popular: describing faces, living rooms of interviewees, weather when it isn't relevant to the story, etc.)

In this case, the title is clickbait because "Nuclear device" is usually used to refer to nuclear weapons, to the point where Wikipedia has a redirect from "Nuclear device" to "Nuclear weapon". It implies a Broken Arrow/Empty Quiver incident, not a "yet another lost RTG".

Then the article refuses to reveal what it is about for a long time: The first mention of the actual topic is in the fifth paragraph. Until then, I've been fed background information without having any idea which of it is relevant and how, finding it hard to concentrate because I'm trying to figure out WTF the article is even about in the first place.

Long form articles can be good. One of my favorite articles is https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/04/inside-el-faro-the-w...

It starts by getting to the point: Ship, hurricane, sank, 32 dead. Within the first five sentences, you know the gist of the story. That not only gives you the information you need to decide whether this is worth your time, it is also a promise: It shows that the author is trying to provide information instead of writing as much prose with as little content as possible. Then it dives deep into the topic. At every moment, you know why the stuff you're reading is there.

The Internet too full of garbage to read several pages just to determine whether something is good or garbage.
I'm not so sure about the Canada parallel: Canada has GDP per capita closer to the US, Latvia is much lower (but still much higher than Latin America and China so I'm not sure what other case would be similar).
Rogers put a lot of thought into how to talk with children, this other Atlantic article explains: https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/06/mr-rogers...
Risky.biz - "cybersecurity" but done with great energy.
We went to Riga for the first time last year. What has stuck with me is going to the Museum of the Occupation [1] and spending some time there.

Latvia was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940, then invaded by Nazi Germany in 1941, then the Soviet Union took it back in 1944. People who attracted the attention of the authorities in any way during those times didn't survive.

Sure, Cambodia, Armenia, etc. might be worse but very not Canada. Many people probably don't know that, of course.

[1] http://okupacijasmuzejs.lv/en/
Cross Examined Life;

Radical Personal Finance;

David Tennant Does a Podcast With

Have to get out of my tech head sometimes!
You produce Hydrogen or Methane during summer and feed fuel cells or combined cycle gas plants during winter. It's not terribly hard, it's just a bit expensive right now. Most countries already have infrastructure to store large amounts of natural gas, which can be reused for this.
Not an answer, but Splunk currently has a large deployment of a C++ application that supports a large variety of platforms. At least as of a few years ago, they deployed C++ indexing and querying nodes on customer machines. They've spent a great deal of time to accommodate the peculiarities of enterprise customers, old compilers, etc. One might imagine that a "build once run anywhere" platform would benefit them, but they've found a business model where they were able to work around the peculiarities and still be profitable.

So while there's probably some interesting historical reasons that explain why there's no "JVM for C++", Splunk is a good example of a modern technical / business model where conquering platform fragmentation was feasible.
Author here. Here's the best explanation I've thought of so far:

> If it's this easy, why has no one done this before? The best answer I can tell is it requires an minor ABI change, where C preprocessor macros relating to system interfaces need to be symbolic. This is barely an issue, except in cases like switch(errno){case EINVAL:...}. https://justine.lol/ape.html

It also took an act of willpower. This is a novel approach to building software that says the conventional wisdom is wrong. When I first stumbled upon the idea, I couldn't believe it was even possible, until I actually did it. Now I'm glad that I did. Actually Portable Executable has been so useful for my work. I used to work on the TensorFlow team, so I've seen the worst c/c++ build toil imaginable, and looking back at those experiences I just can't believe how I managed to get by for so long without having portable build-once binaries without interpreters.
And what's wrong with hiring people over 40-50?
That’s still a huge environmental win, because you are producing twice as much food with the same amount of land.
I’m surprised something like this didn’t already exist... Soldiers in other countries often have things like balaclavas that cover the face. Surely however, it would just be easier to wear the surgical/respirator type masks that I’m sure the military has a comically large number of.
What is this random website and why does it want me to subscribe to read it? I wish we had a no paywalls rule on HN.
It's both about the clickbait title and bad long-form writing.

I've elaborated a bit more here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25556812
Read that as Leviathans.
Every medium of interaction, even human to human has rules and limitations on the interaction.

In-person human to human interaction also has some significant negatives. It's very low bandwidth as information must be transmitted mostly via voice which is lossy and prone to misinterpretation on either end. Attempts to terminate interactions early may have negative effects on future ability open an interaction with that individual. The in-person protocol also forces you to transmit visual sidechannel information, including biometric details. Other individuals can and will judge you throughout the interaction based on these biometric details.
> The main connection in those two areas is that science assumes logic and probability are part of reality.

That's definitely not the case with respect to science, which is empirical and not rationalist. What you're describing in that sentence is Platonic realism, not science.
Thanks for the explanation! it this also the reason why Raptor is (relatively compared to like F-1) small and BFR uses so many of them?
Not really (I say this after viewing the books for 100s of pot farms)
George Blake Died
Backdoors from TLAs don't look like backdoors.
Oh, if only that were the case.

Yes, it will abate, but I'm afraid otherwise it's here to stay.

This is the confluence of expression, egoism, ideology and capitalism smashing together on the internets.

Only a highly structured social system with 'social rules built in' I think can combat that. See: any 'old world culture' where tons of rules and norms exist 'off the books' which keep civilisation in check. For better or worse.
"North Dakota saves a few bucks by hiring Latvians to manage an ancient computer system"

by H. Nester Porter

"State officials admitted recently that they chose to hire programmers from outside the U.S. because they could not find any American programmers willing to work for Latvian wages.

"They cited the recent example of New Jersey. In April of this year, New Jersey governor Phil Murphy said during a press conference that the state 'urgently' needed programmers with 'Cobalt' experience. Left out of many reports at the time was that the state was looking specifically for 'volunteers'.

"The United States' shortage of volunteer Cobol programmers is now a national crisis, according to some sources. Without a volunteer labor pool to draw from, state agencies are now being forced to pay small sums of money to developers from countries with significantly lower costs of living.

"One source, speaking off the record, said that state officials believe that domestic politics are contributing significantly to the shortage of free labor. Silicon Valley's abuse of H-1B labor was recently met with regulatory scrutiny, forcing some companies to treat foreign nationals like real people. Meanwhile, other American workers are increasingly making demands that companies and agencies would prefer not to offer, including a living wage. Some socialists have gone so far as to wonder aloud if it would be okay to ask for affordable health care.

"North Dakota governor Doug Burgum, speaking from his recently-renovated governor's residence, said, "There's just no need to pay Americans for work like this, not when we can save taxpayer money with international contractors."

"The governor's residence was newly constructed in 2015 for $4 million, and an additional $250,000 of oil and gas royalties were earmarked for further improvements this year."
2030 rectangles are back to pure retro forms! Most design today is based on trends, and hardly any objectivity: https://www.google.com/search?q=design+trends
Yeah any experienced programmer could pick up Cobol and work on the project assuming its long enough in duration to be worth it. No college class is needed.

Seems like they just didn't want to pay a high wage and it was an easy excuse to look internationally. Not that's there's necessarily anything wrong with that, but the headline should be "North Dakota outsources white collar work to Eastern Europe, citing lack of local talent."
You think? God forbid anyone have an opinion that isn't progressive through and through.

Just to be clear… I don't like Trump, and didn't vote for him. Being a conservative does NOT mean you're a Trump fan.

But here's the real issue… if you're not someone progressive (or on the hard left) the VAST majority of people will not even converse with you. Game over. Discourse is dead, if you don't fall between the lines.

You don't have an acceptable thought, your viewpoints are not welcome here.

Every conservative I've talked to has been willing to discuss and differ and disagree, and peacefully coexist with those with whom they have differences with.

The left? My experience has been that they will scream in your face. Your opinion does not matter unless you agree with them completely.

You get shouted down.

You get fired from your job.

You get branded as a racist.

JUST BECAUSE YOU'RE CONSERVATIVE.

It's no wonder people are afraid to express themselves.

<edited to remove the profanity>
How does hooters get away with it?
It looks like everyone has blissfully forgot that API access is often one of the first things to go/get significantly limited once companies reach monopoly velocity (i.e. competition exit velocity).

APIs are awesome, but we need APIs that don't break. I think that happens one of two ways:

- APIs built on scraping (EULAs make this untenable -- companies will just login-wall everything that isn't already)

- Standards-compliant APIs that lock companies into complying to be able to even compete with the others that are standards-compliant (ex. if your API doesn't comply with the SimpleAccountingV1 standard, no one would dare use it)
This is the reason why there should always be break-glass options to deploy to production for emergency circumstances, and well known protocols to follow when something like this is required.
Speaking of base resource inputs, I would be concerned with the soil erosion inherent in intensive farming methods. By every estimate I've seen of the rate of topsoil depletion[0], we'll reach a crisis point in agriculture within half a century. Could vertical farming, perhaps paired with a less pollutative energy source like nuclear power, stave off that eventuality? I know a lot of people push organic farming as the solution, but it doesn't appear to be productive enough to feed a growing global population.

[0] https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/12/1052831
very cool project ! Thanks for sharing
It seems to me that vineyards should be the easiest thing to 'verticalize' since you're growing vines anyway. You should be able to cover the entire sunward side of a skyscraper with vines and harvest the grapes using a robot hanging off a crane.
Could you atleast elaborate with specifics?
The problem with a notebook (that you don't have with a REPL) is the execution order is sort of arbitrary and changes don't propagate well.

How so? You can execute lines of a file out-of-order in a REPL just as easily as you can execute notebook cells out-of-order.
I actually don’t understand why ‘what’s purism’ is considered so bad. It is basically the moral counter example demonstrating that your moral principle is likely unworkable in practice, or that your moral principle is too broad and is catching behaviors that most people don’t consider bad.
Germany's electricity prices are almost completely irrelevant for the discussion about the cost of newly installed renewables today. In Germany consumer prices are high because the consumer subsidizes twenty year old systems while large scale industrial users get to consume the cheap, subsidized electricity.
In my 20+ years of being a professional, and especially after having been in leadership positions I’ve always been careful to watch what I say, when, and to whom. This isn’t paranoia and I haven’t felt “unable to express myself”, this is just part of functioning in polite society.

While I do agree there is more calling out of people for saying things (for better and worse) it also seems there is an increasing sense of entitlement to be able to say whatever you want and not be held accountable for it. This article seems to be falling into the latter bucket.
…and this is the problem I have with journalism today. They merely report the statements that people make about some topic. But if the people making the statement don't answer some question you the reader might have? Tough cookies.

Sure, the Governor might not know, but, you know, perhaps he can help put the journalists in contact with the relevant department head who might know, or who might know who knows.

Instead, we spent the first three paragraphs repeating various wordings of "Old system. Not paying enough for the expertise we need to bite in America. Hired some Latvians."
> physical reality runs with autocommit set to True

Only from the inside ;)
A must have tool for vlogger