skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Over the years I have thought a lot about FOSS licensing and related issues. Perhaps more than warranted by my actual FOSS contributions, but I digress.

I used to be hard-core in the free software camp, and while I wouldn't say I have abandoned it, my stance has certainly softened. A couple of recent articles and presentations that have affected (or mirrored?) my own thinking:

http://dtrace.org/blogs/bmc/2018/12/14/open-source-confronts...

https://archive.org/details/copyleftconf2020-allison

A couple of quick takes

- The tivoization issue: The rejection of GPLv3 by the Linux kernel in practice means that the free software movement has failed here. I'm hoping activists pushing for Right to Repair and similar legislation will prove more successful in enabling people more control over their own devices.

- The cloud service provider loophole: The almost complete rejection of AGPL by, well, more or less everybody, means that the free software movement has also failed here. Plain GPL doesn't provide more protection against a service provider "leeching" your code than a permissive license. If copyleft has failed here, what are alternative approaches here then? Data portability and anti-trust legislation?

- Protection against leeching by evil corporations vs maximizing usage: If, like some of the core Linux kernel people have said, "there's no value in driving freeloaders away", is copyleft worth the trouble?

- The end user vs. developers argument: The FSF spends a lot on this, about protecting the rights of the end user. But if we look around at non-techie people, largely they just don't give a shit. Perhaps the copyleft movement needs to work on its messaging, or is this a completely lost cause.

- FOSS business models: To begin with, trite as it sounds, "write FOSS" is not a business model. The more interesting question is perhaps how build FOSS communities that can, in one way or another, sustain themselves economically.

- If you don't have a plan to make money, does leeching (see above) matter? And no, "I'll license my code under (A)GPL, if somebody wants another license call me and lets talk $$$" is for the vast majority of cases not a realistic business model either.

- Dual licensing: Not really applicable for trying to build a community. Why would an outsider contribute and assign copyright to a project under a "poison pill" license so that someone else can make a buck off that work?

- Open core: Evidently successful (see e.g. cossi list), but is this really FOSS, or is it proprietary software with an open source loss leader?

- Commodity community: Essentially sharing the maintenance burden of the non-differentiated part of whatever you're doing. The Linux kernel being a good example of this.

- Support or selling "LTS" licenses: E.g. redhat. Can work, but seldom achieves the kind of growth numbers that makes VC's salivate (if that matters to you).
Not really. Prior art is used as a defense against patent suits all the time.
Thank you! Really appreciate your kind words :) Have a great day
> Quintessence

100% crank.

Full on "You're not even wrong..." territory.
Richard Ford: Do we really need friends? (2017)
> that's not what we have right now

In other words, you're saying that most adult Americans today are not capable of managing their own lives and being responsible for their own actions?
No it's the risk of losing money.

So let's say I'm quoting a tight spread and a small buy order comes in and I get hit. No problem. I don't adjust my quotes because that small of order will not impact the price. But now more orders are coming in from the same institution, buying more and more (basically one big meta-order broken up into small orders so as to conceal intent). If I don't realize that all of these small orders are from the same institution and that they actually represent one big order, I will probably lose money because I am treating each order in isolation. Everytime I sell to the buyer, the price goes up, making me lose money because my spread is too tight and I haven't identified the true intent of the buyer. Every time I sell, I am increasing my short exposure to the asset/derivative, so if the price moves up (against me), I am in a very real sense losing money.

If I can identify the meta order, I can shift my quotes up in order to compensate for the price impact all these small orders are going to have (remember, though they are individually small, they actually represent one big order).

So basically, market making is a game of predicting the short term future price of a security, and quoting buy/sell offers at appropriate levels. The less volatile and less toxic and more liquid a market is, the tighter I can quote. The more volatile and toxic a market is (and less liquid), the looser my spread must be. Remember that I'm not trying to make money on the directional moves of an asset (I'm trying to be "delta neutral"), but rather profit off of the bid-ask spread. My goal is to turn over inventory as quickly as possible (ideally buying and selling at the same exact time).
Get a PoE switch. Get a Raspberry Pi 4 with a PoE HAT. Setup a VLAN for your ISP with the port to the modem unlabeled and a labelled port to the Pi. Setup one or more VLANs for your home network and label them on the same port to the Pi. Install OpenWRT and configure VLANs like real interfaces. Put a Ubiquiti AP on the home network VLAN. Profit!
I'm using Firefox, so, yes, I'm using software directly funded by a corporation. My point wasn't that big corporations don't fund FOSS, it's that I would think the vast majority of FOSS, measured in either lines of code or in '(lines of code) x (processing cycles used)' is done via non corporate backed contributions.

We also have to be careful about what we define as a 'corporation'. You're clearly putting non-profits under that category and that may be fair, I don't know, but for non-profit corporations that have a large portion of their income in the form of donations or have been created with the specific charter of promoting, developing or maintaining FOSS, it seems pretty disingenuous to lump them into the same 'corporate' category. It gets further complicated if you consider colleges and universities as corporations.

Here are some links that may help move the discussion, though they don't answer the question head on (as far as I can tell):

* https://www.quora.com/Has-anyone-ever-tried-to-estimate-the-...

* https://www.linux.com/news/study-open-source-worth-387-billi...

* https://octoverse.github.com/2016/

* https://thenewstack.io/week-numbers-data-lots

* https://www.techrepublic.com/article/who-contributes-most-to...

* https://redmonk.com/dberkholz/2013/04/22/the-size-of-open-so...

* https://www.techrepublic.com/article/for-50-percent-of-devel...

Some estimates put the Linux kernel at around $300B+. The above links measure contributions from various companies, of which Microsoft (who now owns GitHub) and Mozilla make the top 10. There needs to be some work done to figure out the actual answer the question ("do corporations fund/create the majority of FOSS?"), including figuring out what aspects of the question are actually valid, like whether it's code used or code created, what counts as a 'corporation' etc.

Like I said, I don't actually know but this is something that I had a bias towards believing that FOSS excelled in spite of corporate backing instead of because of it.

I'll say it again: citation needed.
Their regular platform notification emails titled "Your funds are on the way!" include no opt-out link, these were sent via Amazon SES.

The mailer platform they use for Stripe Capital spam appears to be marketo.org, and those did have an opt out link.
How to Write a Terminal Multiplexer with Rust, Async, and Actors – Part 2
Agreed, but pertinent to this article I do find the key combinations for ‘’ and “” slightly annoying. They’re on adjacent keys but I’d much rather shift went from single to double than from left to right. Unmodified, the keys themselves are for left and right square and curly brackets and work “correctly”
There are a lot of "mays" and "might be nice to's" in the document. But even the vibration element seems optional, going by my loose interpretation of the formula and contextual wording.
I spent a year in a kibbutz, I am definitely aware that there's success on the margins. But it very much has to exist in the crevasses of the system. The 'free software' movement is explicitly ethical for that reason, it is hard to justify it on economic grounds, and free software is undersupplied for that reason.
I worked there for 2 months, AMA.
Land your UFO in the middle of the Whitehouse lawn or it doesnt exist.
Hey! I don’t have a guide on hand, maybe another commenter will see this and have some resources :) Honestly my experience is just collected from 10 years working with and around other web applications, and as such is a bit ephemeral. I’d say any guides out there on the topic will arm with you enough knowledge to get started, or even working with services like the subject of this post. You’ll see the pieces at play in action, and can learn from them.
Because the bad seller is also tainting the product reviews. Is (in the case of OP) the camera really a five star product? Or is it a five star product because one seller basically bought x percent of the positive reviews?
> A lot of people will call me a Libertarian [a]sshole [...]

I did not say this; you must be quoting someone else.
You must have missed my reply above. But when everyone was starting these studies back in March, it was not because it was a "hoax" it was because it showed initial promise - first in China and then outside of China. So let's not be revisionist with history either. There's a reason it sparked so many studies and it had nothing to do with Trump's antics.
If you've been laid off, please avoid this mistake in interviews
I interview a lot of people and in the past year that has included a lot of people laid off for COVID reasons. I've noticed that there is a big difference in interviews with people who have been laid off versus those who are searching while having a job - and that difference is confidence. People who have been laid off talk at me so much more than other candidates. They spend precious minutes of a phone screen trying to explain away why they got laid off or giving me a laundry list of achievements. Sometimes I don’t get to ask my full screening list of questions because they have spent so much time trying to explain every single project they’ve ever done. As a hiring manager, I get that these are tough times and lots of companies are laying off. I do not think it is your fault or that you are unqualified. I would not have taken the phone screen if I did not like your resume! Don’t hide the fact that you got laid off, but it’s much better to note it ‘Yea the company hit hard times and laid off a bunch of the workforce, but I’m really excited to talk about how your company is tackling XYZ.’ Then move us to a conversation about how we could work together. Paint a picture of how you could fit in at the company. Ask about what the challenges are that we have right now, then help paint a picture of how you could help solve them if you joined. The candidates who already have jobs tend to seem more self-assured and spend more time asking me questions or engaging me in conversation - and that is very appealing!

I know this may not be very helpful advice because I get that you need a job yesterday. It can be very hard to relax and be your best self in those situations, but if you can slow down a little and put yourself in the mind-frame of "hey they would be lucky to have me and need to sell me on their company" it will help you to come off as a better and more desirable candidate.
So instead they’re doing 1st party taking, which I think is not allowed.
Depends on the nature of the VPN. I can connect fine through my work OpenVPN, but it's not a full tunnel, just pushes a couple routes and split DNS, both of which are accessible on the WSL2 VM.
Thanks, Don. I consider this high praise. I suppose I was unintentionally channelling your style. Just trying to provide synthesis and direct attention at some nuance that usually doesn't show up when this topic gets perennially brought to the fore.

Messy as my piece above is, hopefully there's enough there and/or it's received at a deep enough level for a sufficient number of folks that it doesn't smolder out. There's a flame here that I'd like to see kept alive and hopefully renewed, ideally at a frequency matching how often these discussions periodically reappear, or at a minimum some fraction of that—at least until we've arrived in utopia.
Changing CentOS in mid-stream (2004)
If countries keep fragmenting their crypto regulations, then so will liquidity.

Not necessarily. The regulatory landscape in traditional finance is somewhat fragmented as well, which simply means people/institutions/corporations shop around for the regulatory venue they prefer.

Or the US can impose its own de-facto global regulations, similar to what it already does on a global scale because a huge % of finance goes through US banks at some point. For example: Want to go against the Iran sanctions? Well, you can, legally, if your country hasn't signed on to them. You just won't ever be able to do business that touches anything US related. Which means you won't be able to do business with any other major western or global bank either under threat of the US cutting ties with them.

Without large institutions, and a few of the largest playing the part of "market makers" that provide liquidity, you won't get significant liquidity for large moves, not unlike the current crypto situation. And large institutions will always be subject to the sort of regulatory situations above.

It's a bit of a paradox: Part of crypto's appeal is its freedom from regulation. But in order for crypto to really go mainstream, global financial systems & their regulations. Nations have a strong interest in keeping monetary policy within their control. They will use every tool at their disposal to make sure crypto can't do an end-run around that control.
The problem is that product reviews are right up front on the product page. Seller reviews are 2 more clicks past that, effectively hidden.
A couple minor issues with the summary, as there is some confusion of sentencing guideline ranges and statutory ranges for the particular offenses:

> To summarize, Apprendi v. New Jersey says that facts not found by a jury cannot be used to raise sentence maximums.

Correct.

> However, sentencing guidelines for the crimes Ulbricht was convicted of give a maximum life sentence. Therefore, using uncharged facts to inform sentencing is permissible because it doesn't actually increase the maximum possible sentence.

Two different things are in play here that seem to have been somewhat conflated:

Because the statutory punishment for the crimes Ulbricht was convicted of by the jury has a maximum life sentence, uncharged conduct proven by a preponderance of the evidence can be used to set sentencing within that maximum without violating the right to trial by jury, so the court did not act impermissibly by considering the uncharged conduct and setting life imprisonment having considered it.

Because the sentencing guidelines range for the offenses he was convicted of by the jury, without the uncharged conduct considered, also supported an offense level for which a life sentence is recommended for an offender with no prior convictions, the sentence of life imprisonment would have been reasonable for the drug crimes alone, even had the court not considered the uncharged murder for hire actions. That is, a life sentence would have been called for by the guidelines for the drug offenses alone.
Why do you think changing the implementation to the server side will comply with the letter of the law? Or perhaps I should ask which law.

GDPR doesn't differentiate between the client side or server side, you're simply not allowed to keep information on users unless they've consented to for it to be kept or it is required for a legitimate functionality to which they have consented.
> mostly because it encourages good habits. Where are you seeing that it's not faster?

You just answered it yourself. If someone follows good habits already, then AMP isn’t faster for them (aside from Google not allowing non-AMP loads to start sooner).
Why can't you share while using the fancy spoon?

And while cooking is enjoyable, that doesn't mean you want to spend the time on it every single day, twice or more!

Do you think restaurants are a novelty? Takeout/delivery/fast food?
Flame Graphs (2014)
Interesting. From reading the website briefly and the announcement above, this seems like a "super library".

If there's an auth spectrum, from:

roll your own -> use a language specific library -> use a full featured solution like Auth0, Firebase or FusionAuth

it seems like SuperTokens is in between the library and the full featured solution.

I guess I'd ask, if I don't want a full featured solution (the use case you've identified), why wouldn't I use a language specific library (devise for rails, passport for js, etc). Or is the value that you're providing a modular integration so I don't have to integrate authentication + authorization + user management + API auth myself?

Anyways, congrats on launching. We need more auth solutions and I'm glad to see an interesting approach in the open source world. The other major contender, KeyCloak, is, I've heard, a bear to run and extend.

Full disclosure, I'm an employee of FusionAuth.
The Year in Review: 2020 in 20 Visualizations
If you're ever in Tokyo, check out teamlab by borderless. It is absolutely jaw dropping: https://borderless.teamlab.art/
Just by comparing photos and videos from the 1980s to the situation in the streets now, it is painfully obvious that we (and by "we" I mean at least half of humanity) have a serious obesity and metabolic syndrome problem.

It is breathtaking how civilized nations silently accept such an enormous slide in quality of life, when other, much smaller problems lead to civic unrest, political discussions and overhaul of old structures and laws.

Bad nutrition kills way more people than violence, drugs, air pollution etc. ... together, and makes even more people miserable for decades before they finally die.

And yet, crickets. Even nations where one would actually expect some serious pushback (such as Scandinavian countries) can't be bothered with much more than half-arsed measures.

I am 42. My "kids these days"... complaint is that "kids these days are horribly fat". Compared to the 1990s, yeah, fitness of the young generation has gone down significantly.

It is not their fault, but their parents' and schools', but the consequences are the same; a lifetime spent in frustrating struggle with weight gain and chronic diseases.
Make the visitor counter great again!
A happy ending for King Lear? Trauma of plague caused Shakespeare to change it
Google, Amazon and Tesla didn’t arise from rich people deciding to employ lots of staff either. You can’t blindly credit tax rates for the rise of exploitative employers.

Which people in power in Cuba have made themselves rich off the backs of the workers? Isn’t Cuba in the position it is because it is sanctioned by richer countries?

How does Jeff Bezos’ wealth help unemployed people in the Midwest? We already know that his wealth comes from exploiting workers, and that the wealth he has accumulated isn’t encouraging him to employ more people under better conditions. There is nothing trickling down from Jeff to his workers.

It’s almost like taxes on the rich have no impact on the success of businesses they run, as if venture capital and personal income are completely divorced.
> A given product could have n(bignum) sellers.

Most likely a seller paying for reviews like this has an exclusive on the product, it's likely a product sold directly by the maker.
The long press (which also works on macOS) is really handy when you need to enter a character that you don't already know the key combo for.

As far as I can tell there's nothing like it in Windows - if you don't know how to input a special character, you have to open Character Map - which bugs me as someone living in continental Europe but using a US keyboard.
This is the equivalent of someone working at Cisco claiming to have created a conscious AGI. You would immediately be extremely skeptical, rightly so. But as soon as we get outside of typical SWE topics HN seems to lose all sense of reality.
New Ways to Collaborate with Influencers
Hey wanted to give a bit of feedback.

We've found Airflow and ECS Fargate to be a great combination for running ETLs. It keeps Airflow small and dumb, and lets the Fargate containers do the heavy or complicated lifting in language of developer's choice.

We'd really appreciate if the ECS Operator could be given a bit of attention:

Running a task on FARGATE_SPOT containers is a cheap, convenient option, but it requires passing capacityProviderStrategy in. https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/AIRFLOW-6604

Also currently the ECSOperator only shows the output logs once the task has finished (which could take hours), it'd be better if the operator could poll the Cloudwatch logs during the run rather than wait for it to finish.

---

Congratulations on the release, I'm looking forward to upgrading soon, and trying out the new features and syntax!
The asteroid scale might be a bit much, but I think he's roughly saying any magnetic material that can be energized thats physically linked to the spinning shell.

This is way beyond my pay grade. :)
Thanks! The feature that's gotten a lot of attention is the auto-refresh on the DAG UI, so you don't have to manually refresh the window.

https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/3267/96045809-852d...
You're right to be spooked about that, but you're wrong if you think only cherry-pick has this problem. In fact, all git commands can and sometimes will cleanly apply and subtly mess your files (git merge, git pull, git rebase, git apply, git stash apply etc).

The definition of how changes are applied actually has nothing to do with git itself, and everything to do with the diff algorithm you choose (of course, you normally use a built-in one, but I believe you can customize it if you really want).

In general, the default Git diff algorithm, like all text-based diff algorithms, can have problems with structured data, such as removing closed parens or significant white-space. Naturally, it can also be problematic if you have declarations that must be a unique in a file, but that can occur in different places. The Java or Go `package` statements are safe, since they must occur at the beginning of a file, so if they are different between the 2 files they are likely to be caught. But if two people have added a top-level function called `foo` , but they added it in different places in the file with different params, it's pretty likely that the diff algorithm will not see any conflict and will duplicate both lines.

Cherry pick is in fact one of the places I would normally worry least about this, since it is usually done for limited sized commits. However, when merging a feature branch into master, the potential for errors goes up, and so does the work required to catch such errors during the review.
CD Projekt Is Adjusting Cyberpunk 2077's 'Distracting' Amount of Dildos
I presume this is indeed what they're doing given the wording of the post:

"(And of course GitHub still does not use any cookies to display ads, or track you across other sites.)"

That exactly leaves out "track you on our own site". But honestly, I have absolutely zero issue with them tracking my behavior on their own site. I know how valuable it is to be able to learn/see what users are doing, and they should absolutely be able to do that.
The U.S. has peacekeeper forces with the UN too. Unfortunately, I don't think the mere existence of these forces is enough to outweigh other issues in the mind of the international community. Uruguay might gain international standing by sending peacekeepers to the UN, but if so, it's only because they don't do anything adverse to offset that goodwill.