skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> They identified the sequence for the spike protein, plugged that into their vaccine platform, and voila – an mRNA vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Moderna zeroed in on the spike protein thanks th large amount of previous research on SARS-CoV-1. Vaccines effective in animal models of SARS were developed based on this approach starting around 2004:

https://www.pnas.org/content/101/17/6641

The article continues:

> The win-win here, however, is that the more we develop a universal vaccine platform, the more we can have the best of both worlds – fast plus safe and effective. But this also means we need public buy in, which requires reassuring the public about the process and the strategy. It also means reassuring the public that the process has not been politicized, and that objective experts are driving (something the TA did poorly).

The MRNA approach requires an understanding of viral vulnerabilities and a lot of animal studies prior to the synthesis of a vaccine candidate. Again, that seemingly fruitless work with SARS more than a decade ago was the key to the success of Moderna and Pfizer today.

It's a lesson that should not be forgotten but probably will.

The other thing to keep in mind is that the Pfizer and Moderna approvals represent the first ever large-scale use of MRNA vaccines in humans. That substantially lowers the barrier to entry of new vaccines based on the same platform.
Even if I was to "get a grip", do you believe this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2SmDUHekjMc

is acceptable game?
...how do you think those AMP pages got made other than with valuable developer time? AMP versions of sites aren't just magicked out of thin air! Without "valuable developer time" there are no AMP sites.

I think the point you're actually making is that without AMP forcing these sites to be faster, they would still be slow. Which I agree with. But as I said in my original post, Google ranking sites according to their performance would have the exact same effect as forcing AMP on people, except that it would let sites choose their own implementation rather than be strong-armed into one controlled by Google.
Ask HN: Why HN Doesn't Have Tags?
I understand the desire to keep the site minimal. But given we already have a moderation, will it require any fundamental changes to add tags?

There are IMO some valid reasons for wanting tags:

* Filtering: Eg: I don't want to see political stories and would want more technology related stories instead. One may also want to not see stories about any particular topic.

* Searching: When I search for topics about programming, Google often results lot of clickbaity shallow results which don't go in depth. Say I am searching for Go language. Almost everything on Google is 4 bullet point lists with slightly different content. Signal to noise ratio is much better with human filters. I'd prefer to once gloss over results on relevant subreddits, HN and lobsters. That's likely to give some in depth links than Google search. But on HN search sometimes keywords will be differing between submissions. IMO tags give better discoverability.

Though, tbh the main reason I would like tags is filtering out political-leaning stories.

Apologies if it sounds like I think I am entitled to something. There may be valid reasons @pg / @dang would've kept this feature away. I would be interested to know the reason as well.
As an american web dev living in asia.

GDPR is the best thing to happen to the web since javascript.
I mean, that's still contingent on having a decent salary relative to the amount of debt - I'm assuming it didn't happen with a couple of ~30k/year salaries.
Scalpers aren't powerful enough to create an artificial scarcity. If there were not really an increased demand for the products, noone would pay their inflated prices. When demand outstrips supply, the logical thing for manufacturers and (e-)retailers to do would be to increase prices themselves to balance out the situation, but for various reasons (one of which is possible negative PR) they are reluctant to do that, so the scalpers profit...
Doom on Switch was an exercise in removing detail and graphical tricks (I noticed that Doom Eternal had self shadows while the Switch port of Doom Eternal did not) in such a manner as to minimize the visual impact. The game looks GREAT and it's hard to distinguish the differences from the PC/console release without looking closely.

Cyberpunk looks like steaming ass on eighth-gen consoles. They obviously didn't put the work in to making sure the downgrade didn't hurt the visuals too much that Panic Button put in to Doom on Switch.
Biomarkers are how cancers give up their secrets
Thing is, 20+ years ago you had to go to college to find a dozen like minded students to collaborate with. Today, reddit stufy groups are free
Do you have a recommendation? Although I'm a rookie, I do like using Mac OS as a host, and running VMs for Linux. I am not a big fan of doing any kind of development within Windows.
On a related note, the fast development of a COVID vaccine seems to have triggered a sense of techno-optimism in certain bloggers / commentators. Here’s a recent summary by Noah Smith on the topic: https://noahpinion.substack.com/p/techno-optimism-roundup
Chinese capsule returns to Earth carrying moon rocks
CalTech 2020: A Conversation with Distinguished Alumnus Charles T. Munger
Your development shouldn't depend on one PC. Code in git, DB in backups. You should be able to restore your dev state very quickly from scratch. You could even use Docker.
Show HN: Juicebox – Quickly create beautiful, interactive data presentations
We've had this idea for a really long time e.g https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/issues/531 and is something I would like to tinker with in Dendrite for sure. Typed rooms helps categorise but doesn't allow control over a subset of your account.
Just compare how much such an exciting AWS instance would cost in a month.

You can't compare it to owning a whole machine for several years, having bought it once.
Should We Reevaluate the Precautionary Principle?
In defence of the OP, at risk of also getting downvoted :)

I think what the OP is trying to say is that it is hard to imagine a career politician instituting such a program.
Story Structure 104: The Juicy Details – Dan Harmon
I have county property tax in PA too. It's only about $500 per year. Maybe they mean school property tax, or their area combines them? The school tax for me is about $3700. I could see that getting astronomical if the house is big enough.
I wanted a new GPU so I could run Cyberpunk 2077. Turns out that even people with those GPUs are having issues, so by the time I find one, the game should be sufficiently patched.

I have a massive Steam backlog, so I'm not too frustrated.
I was diagnosed at 32. Ritalin has been life changing.

Continuing medication is not really "carrying a habit forward".

A major shift in thinking in the last 15 years is to realise that ADHD is not a juvenile condition. It lasts into adulthood, but the symptoms change because the brain has changed and because of acquired coping mechanisms.

"Adult ADHD" is just ... ADHD. The medications continue to be a useful treatment.
I'm not convinced having a good reputation in the game industry matters. Either people don't care or they forget the instant they see that hot, new demo.
You're correct. The path I took is not without compromises:

- WGU is not ABET accredited.

- WGU is not as rigorous as other universities.

- WGU is not as prestigious as other universities.

- WGU gives all graduates the same 3.0 GPA.

I probably should point them out in my post.

That said, I still believe WGU was the right choice given my circumstances. I don't value these things enough to justify taking 12 to 16 times longer to graduate.
Well I live in Iceland and we famously have no trees. :D
Most of the people doing FIRE are not the types who spend money on expensive stuff. If they were, they’d be doing fat FIRE (uncommon). Most people doing FIRE do not have high standards of living. If they did, it’d run somewhat counter to FIRE. The people who can do fat fire are just lucky and got rich and should be ignored promptly.

There is also the problem that many bought real estate far before it was as fiendishly expensive as it is now, bought stocks and were part of companies during wild bull runs, and act like you can reproduce their success trivially. (You can’t)

Also, I think of spending in your youth as an investment in memories. What is the point of getting all your best trips in at 65 (just before dementia sets in) when you have at best 30 years to enjoy them. If you did the trips when you’re 30, you’d have decades more to enjoy them and could actually go on them. Living for when you’re senile is a scam.
Volume is much lower, the amount of leverage you can get is lower (I don't believe you can get any leverage actually on coimbase), and the kinds of strategies you can run are limited.

Futures and swaps just give you so many more contracts to arb and more leverage if you want it.
I understand the difference between introspection and autocomplete

Autocomplete if good tool support is available everywhere,
and some languages have very good dynamic introspection (usable in a repl)

Powershell, Julia, raku .. i think also Ruby and Python also have create introspection, that you can use dynamically in a repl

https://perl6advent.wordpress.com/2015/12/19/day-19-introspe...

So in summary, doesnt repl+introspection+auto completion give the same value
Google has gamed their search algorithm so much that DDG is IMO objectively better now. Top results on Google for things I'm interested are always trashy fake blogs for affiliate links and things like that.
Notes from the conversation: https://www.valuewalk.com/2020/12/charlie-munger-caltech-zoo...
Thank you for your work on Guix! Despite the rough edges that I see using it daily, I do think Guix or something close to it is the future. :)

And thanks for the tip about the snippets!
It is absurd that there aren’t n95, and similarly effective, masks easily available 9 months into this thing.
Requiring a computer science degree to apply for a programming job has always been bizarre to me and this blog post is a great example of why.

"The bulk of the effort was memorizing things that I normally would have Googled."

And given how memory works, in a few weeks you'll probably have to Google them again.

To earn my CS degree I learned a lot of stuff before starting my career that I never used. It would have been much more efficient to learn the things I needed on demand. I learned more about programming in 30 days on my first real programming job after graduation than I did in 4 years in school.
Most products do. You have to scour them. They usually break the carbs down by sugar and other. It is also by g. Also under a particular amount per serving they are allowed to say '0'. For example a box of tic-tacs is almost nothing but sugar. But it says 0. So serving size maters. It is also another way they will play games is by fiddling the 'serving' size. When everyone really knows the serving size is 1 container. It may say 2 or 3 per container. Or they may measure it by '1 cup' which for something like chips is a small amount of chips. But they are high in carbs. So you have to know the games played there too. That varies by manufacture. You could say better if those games are played there.

The thing is until you look you do not realize how much sugar is in everything and how many different 'types' there are.

A good rule of thumb when shopping in an american store is stick to the edges. The middle is full of processed stuff that usually has sugar. Not all processed is bad. For example a nice salsa is processed but not terrible for you and a decent time saver and usually tastes nicer than anything I have come up with. Like you point out you have to watch the labels.
I’m not sure what the purpose of your comment is.

As someone who has been on the inside of these attacks, I’m just saying, what probably sounds earth shattering to most people is just a slightly more interesting Thursday for us. My expectations for security have been calibrated to be unfazed by yet another one. Honestly, it’s actually a little refreshing to see something slightly novel (although this isn’t actually that novel).
> Now it's permeated everything to the extent that almost every click is paid for.

Content creators deserve to be compensated somehow and relying on users to voluntarily contribute a la Patreon is unrealistic given that most pieces of contents are rarely used by most users.

I don't value seeing most content at more than penny per view in general and fixed transactional costs make it impractical to send that to each creator.
The article say that they spent a decade of research on mRNA vaccines before. That was obviously well before anybody knew about SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Does this mean that the research basically was about creating sort of like a "template" vaccine that can then be specialised or programmed with the specifics of the thing you're trying to vaccinate against?
> It’s a strange quirk of our culture that the word radio carries connotations of technology and thus connotes intelligence.

Counterpoint: "radio wave fart from exoplanet detected". No connotation of intelligence IMO
"This is not 'espionage as usual,' even in the digital age. Instead, it represents an act of recklessness that created a serious technological vulnerability for the United States and the world. In effect, this is not just an attack on specific targets, but on the trust and reliability of the world’s critical infrastructure in order to advance one nation’s intelligence agency. " Mic drop
Congratulations for that!

However, you also paid of that $240k by earning at least $80k / year.
Bayesian Decision Theory in the Context of Machine Learning
China is in the driver’s seat on managing sovereign debt defaults
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opteron#A1100-series
That means you earned more than $80,000 post-tax income surplus to your needs. That surplus is a third more than the US average total household pre-tax income.
And note that this is not "just" for the good of nurses, although that would be a sufficient reason to do something about it (or strike if refused).

We are talking about primary caregivers during a pandemic. This labor action is good for everyone.
Maybe a naive question, but how is this any different than diff tools found in Git / SVN / etc.?
Augmented Reality and the Surveillance Society
Maybe, but just because it's impossible doesn't mean there shouldn't be an effort to try or that we shouldn't appreciate better journalism.

Biased isn't a boolean, it's a scale. Something that is a little bit biased is more useful for trying to understand all the issues at hand. Something that's very biased is still useful, but only for telling you what the author (and their readership) thinks.
Oh wow, never realized this..but I guess ping in one direction is hard to measure anyway since it'd require sync'd clocks. TIL!
The diagram is secondhand, but Man in Hole and Boy Meets Girl are not at all the same. BMG has a neutral status quo with a big lift at the beginning when they meet. MIH starts out living large, then loses it all.

BMG: Sleepless in Seattle

MIH: A Christmas Carol

BMG + MIH: Groundhog Day
Do Clouds Pay Taxes?
And the complexity get higher and higher. And USB-C charger has now more computer power than an Apollo moon lander.

https://forrestheller.com/Apollo-11-Computer-vs-USB-C-charge...
Sure, but these risks aren't specific to businesses that use advertising as a monetization strategy.
> Unfortunately, that comment precludes the Free Software and the Open Source software side of things.

I don't think this precludes free software at all.

Free software has always co-existed with paid commercial software. I suspect it always will. There are always going to be corners of the software market OSS developer aren't interested in pursuing. I doubt there are a lot of developers interested in building garbage collection routing software in their spare time. There are however plenty of developers who want to pay their rent who will.
Is it? Career politicians have political debts to be paid, which override what's best for their constituents.
Hey HN, OP here.

I wrote this sort-of on a whim after having lots of conversations with friends/coworkers about motivation and focus. One point where I felt I've grown this year both personally and professionally was that I'm more confident that the things I'm spending time to work on are the "right" ones for me, and I spent some time musing internally about how I got to that point, and how to explain that process.

Glad it resonates with others :)
There are these 2 quotes from the article that I think are a little too "handwavy" over potential real problems for the future:

> Since the platform itself is pre-tested, we won’t need to do months of testing before distribution. Still, we may need to do some testing on the specific vaccine. Perhaps much of this testing can be done with computer modeling, and some with animal testing.

and

> The question ultimately comes down to risk vs benefit. We need to get over our evolved but suboptimal instinct to avoid directly causing harm preferentially over passively allowing harm to occur. In the end, the amount of harm is all that matters. In a situation like this, delivering a vaccine as quickly as possible while maintaining sufficient safety and efficacy, there is a sweet spot somewhere that minimizes disease, death, and disruption. We want that sweet spot, even it if means delivering a vaccine that has not been tested as much as we would like. It would mean accepting more risk form the vaccine in order to reduce risk from the pandemic.

Think of the crazy amount (highlight on the crazy) of opposition you have to vaccines now. Imagine if you get one vaccine with just a slightly higher amount of negative reactions, and even a few deaths that were clearly vaccine-caused, due to rushing the approval process. You will have set back public health decades.

Look at covid: its fatality rate is actually quite low, well well below 1%. If we give the vaccine to everyone, you need to have extremely low adverse reactions for it to be a net positive because we're giving it to so many people.

I feel that these types of articles that argue "We need to get over our fundamental human irrationality" are pointless, because we are, after all, human.
Should senior developers refuse interview coding challenges?
PodStation Podcast Player – save and listen to podcasts right from the browser
This page has been extremely helpful to me in writing stories, it's a distillation of Campbells' the heroes journey for tv/film writing by Dan Harmon (Community/Rick an Morty).
I found a legendary monowire before I even finished Act 1 just from exploring and side missions and gigs. Your experience doesn't match mine.
What I wish this article would discuss is how, numerically, Facebook's claim about the impact on small businesses is wrong. One of the great faults of public dialogue today is the low standard of evidence -- effectively everything is the opinion page.
Was the Defense Production Act successful at ramping up production of PPE? It's been 8 months since I've seen a proper N95 mask on store shelves. Hearing that someone close was going through the same thing as your partner, bringing home used masks and having to hit the black market/eBay for respirators with cartridges so they wouldn't become lightheaded when transporting patients all day was shocking. I think what's even more sad is how few tech companies opened their hearts, wallets, innovations, or resources to tackling this PPE situation.
The best small companies operate in their direct competitor's blindspot.

Stupid example: Tesla. Toyota reverse engineered their car. Can't make a competing product. Not because it is impossible, but because it is not how the entire supply chain / development is set up. It'd take Toyota a major restructuring of the company to be able to compete.

That's the idea. It doesn't matter how much cash the other side throws at you, you're working where they can't go. Time and time again I see our company out-maneuvering our competitors with less money. Not because we got some super geniuses on the team (okay we got some smart people), but because we started from the ground up working in a spot where our competitor could not go. And so we have years of experience more than our competitor in the thing that our competitor needs to get better at.
Some people on Reddit did say they completed 2-3 month bootcamps/courses with no prior experience and got junior dev jobs (in the UK), so I don't even know. Then again it's online and on Reddit, so they may be just lying.

I believe it is possible to learn enough to be decent in 3 months full time, and then learn everything else as you go. However, I don't see anyone hiring with that kind of experience.

But then why pay for a certificate? Four figures, no less. You could go through a bunch of free programming courses in 3 months and print your own certificate, same thing as long as you can actually do a job...
bad they should do there job regardless of whether they have ppe. thats what you sign up for.
I've made it a principle to leave accurate, detailed, and positive reviews on Amazon for products I really like. I think I've mostly given up, I don't think they can move the smallest needle if the environ is so deeply poisoned. The only honest and constructive feedback commerce site I still use and participate in is King Arthur Flour, probably because the stake is so small. I mean, how many reviews for a $18 bread pan can one flog? It reminds me of Goodreads, before Amazon. The larger question though, is whether or not high-trust systems can ever scale, or even be extended to cover an adjacent domain.
You mean, career politicians like the Bush administration, that stood up the Pandemic Response Team, that was subsequently dissolved by the Trump administration?

That kind of career politician?

Edit: Named the wrong admin, my memory was off.
Why Is There Financing for Everything Now?
Hmm. You're dodging the question: Why would a cofounder want to start a company with you? No handwaving.

People cofound to get rich. Can your company offer that to your cofounder?

If you focus on that question, the rest falls into place. Unfortunately a lot of people don't want to focus on that question, because it's at the heart of why bootstrapping rarely works.

"Not needing adult supervision" indicates that you probably haven't done what you're saying. It's not a matter of supervision. It's managing expectations. You are legally required to lay out what you offer, in clear terms, and what you expect in return. That's the basis of a business arrangement.

So, we're going into business together. How will your company make me rich? Why should I work as hard as I possibly can to make the company succeed?
And not to forget that their strongest competitors were Eclipse, backed by IBM, and NetBeans, backed by Sun Microsystems. To stand your ground against two enterprise backed open source alternatives as a startup without outside money is quite impressive.
Common Myths about Private Browsing
Great piece.

It took me four years of divergent exploration to go from program management in Big Tech to becoming a solo woodworker, and was worth every diversion along the way.
Fundamental Linux search with filter, improved 'find'
Justin Amash is the only principled person in Congress. The only Republican in the House to vote for both articles of impeachment against Donald Trump.

Of course - this is his last term, he did not run for reelection. I hope he does something meaningful next.
That's why it takes them 4 years.
Going from JavaScript to WebAssembly in three steps