skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Either op means that going into it, a lof of America was not firm in their predictions - people were firm last time, and a of them were wrong, so were weary to do it again.

It could also likely be that some states were small margins, and some districts even smaller. Overall, though, I agree with you.
Browsers Are Outdated and Somebody Has to Do Something
This is the main reason why Go compilation times, while very welcomed, fail to impress me.

Turbo Pascal has spoiled me in 1990's hardware.
Hi! I work on Open Library; sorry about that! We had a Python 3 migration that stirred the pot a little. We deployed a fix, so it should be working now!

https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/4259
Might there be some confirmation bias at work here?
Go build something and then people will care what you have to say about what others built.
Wow, that is very interesting. The docs say it is injecting QuickJS though, not v8?

> Frida’s core is written in C and injects QuickJS into the target processes, where your JS gets executed with full access to memory, hooking functions and even calling native functions inside the process.

https://frida.re/docs/home/
Asking for Moderna to delay seems reasonable to me. Different ethnic groups may have different responses to the vaccine. Fortunately Pfizer’s numbers in the article show good efficacy across all groups (except it’s lower for Brazilians?)
Bubblesort, rocksort, and cocktail-shaker sort
To make things even worse, we sometimes capitalise these words to emphasise that we're using them in a technical sense, but OR reads as if it's emphasising that it's an exclusive 'or'. You can have tea OR coffee is clearly emphasising that it's an XOR operation.

Somewhat related: the Ada language uses and, or, xor for its logical operators, but uses and then and or else for the short-circuit forms. [0] Not a very natural solution in my opinion.

[0] https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ada_Programming/Operators#Shor...
this is why composable allocators are fantastic. You can request a dynamic memory slate for a given context, then allocate as you wish, no-op delete, when you're done with the context, you delete all of them in one go.
I think people are starting to realise that globalisation needs to be balanced with other kinds of security especially around tech, hence TSMC being given a stack of cash to build a fab in the US.

I wouldn’t say globalisation is dead more that it’s going to be more balanced going forward with local concerns.
Mostly elites don't hold fiat, though, they trade dollars for real assets as fast as they get it. Who are these elites who hold large quantities of dollars?
This is nifty but I don't think implemented the way you'd want it to be.

You say you're basing it -- or are inspired by -- the xkcd comic. But the xkcd comic gets this calculation more-or-less right. Entropy is not a property of the character set used to generate the password, it's a property of the rule-set used to generate the password. Look at the comic: the "Tr0ub4dor&3" password isn't 11 random characters chosen from a set of 72 possibilities, and "correct horse battery staple" isn't 28 characters chosen from lower alpha + space.

The difficulty in calculating password entropy is that it's unclear whether or not the rule set will be known to the attacker or not. So an attacker which attempts "arbitrary length lowercase characters" will have a much harder time with "correct horse battery staple" than one that knows "exactly four common english words in lowercase separated by spaces."

Or, put differently, if you know someone has a numeric four-character bank PIN and they submit 1979, do you think this was four randomly chosen digits or do you think the entropy is effectively reduced by an obvious ruleset used to generate it?

Because you rely on character set validation, except for your clever cheat to artificially reduce the entropy of repeated characters, you will nearly always overstate the entropy of the password.

A sort of very naive naive refinement of the problem is that you want an engine that, knowing a password, finds the feasible lowest entropy ruleset that could generate the password and is human reasonable. I include the qualifier "feasible" because via overfitting even random characters have a lowest entropy ruleset (e.g. if by chance the third character is capitalized and the 18th is not, we should not assume that the same rules applied again would generate this property) If you find this unsatisfying because the problem is open ended, I'd at least caution you that the entropy values as stated are at best an indication of how long it would take a brute-force character search to break the password, not how long it would take an even modestly informed adversary to do so.

Hope this guidance turns the cogs a little.
Alright! A handful of upvotes in addition to a comment. I’m on it! I’ll whip something up and report back in a few hours.
> they can read and write

Note that I’m not joining people with AND. I joined abilities.

For instance, to expand on the example.

I have three Pokémons. They can read and write.

I’m not saying that my three Pokémon are the intersection of reading Pokémon and writing Pokémon. There might be other Pokémon who can do just the same.

I’m saying that what they can do is a union of writing and reading.

EDIT: spelling
Who let the troll in?
This happened in part thanks to bain capital, those following the same business model of theivery, and the deregulation in the 80's. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bain_Capital Republican lawmakers and party members have been destroying America for generations. Goes back even further to 1971 when Nixon opened talks with the CCCP and then went there in 1972 cutting the ground out from beneath American workers. And now if we even wanted to rebuild our manufacturing base, we have to deal with the same problems the few remaining factories do, finding people not on some kind of illegal substance that can work. The bodies are there, but they aren't in any shape to bring back what we had.
I discovered ratarmount the other day (pip3 install ratarmount), which fuse-mounts tgz. Fancier, you can glob all your Takeouts into a single merged directory (ratarmount *.tgz ~/takeout). Even fancier, PhotoStructure will then read and de-dupe that directory hierarchy. I just added person and album metadata parsers (those will be in the next release), which were the last bits that we're missing.
99% of the users of unlimited plans are only storing a smalll amount of data
Amazing story, and real journalism. If only the news spent more time uncovering the truth instead of opining about politics. I'm so sick of politics.
Thanks! It was so obvious!
This is from the article:

"As of this year, the US Federal Reserve (blue line) now owns more Treasuries than all foreign central banks combined [..]"

So, if your debt is to the Federal Reserve, how much debt can you accumulate before it's too much? Does the question even makes sense?
A doctor on things that could go wrong with the new vaccines
I guess it depends what sort of real meat dishes you used to generally eat. I suppose things that use ground meat (e.g. burgers and pies) can get away with it due to the sauces and stuff.

However there are many dishes I can think of that are pretty much untouchable by plant-based.

Starting with a quality roast chicken. To get anywhere near achieving the same taste and texture, I'd hate to think what sort of chemicals and processes would need to be used. It would almost certainly be healthier to eat the real chicken.

Liver is another one, especially when cooked the Italian way, thinly sliced with nowhere to hide apart from behind a few stewed onions.

Shanks and tails is another area.

Apologies to any vegans in the room. ;-)
I really feel like it's just sublimated fear of shots and chemical manufacturing processes. If you could offer the vaccine as a herbal remedy, I doubt there'd be any serious opposition to it; people are happy to try random weird herbal teas without expecting a demonstration of their safety.
I don’t understand what is raw or no-bullshit about this, although it makes it sound very serious.

The entropy depends on how the password is generated. If I choose ten words from my own dictionary then the entropy depends on the size of the dictionary. But if I re-rolled 15 times until I got words that I liked then one would have to decrease the entropy accordingly. But someone else couldn’t distinguish those two cases if they knew nothing about me (modulo common human psychology).

The point is that entropy depends on how the agent generated the password and has nothing to do with character sets or length in itself. So sure, this could be said to be a certain approach to approximating entropy in the general case, but I see no reason to put adjectives in front of “entropy-based password validation” which somehow suggest that it’s the number one, objective way to do it.
> Holders of bonds would be absolutely wrecked. That's a lot of institutions and wealthy individuals.

Not only institutions, but those who are in power (government) who have risk-tolerant positions in the market with nothing to gain but their own discomfort and retirement.
Hmmm that's a good point indeed. I never said that you should drive 35 in a 30 zone, just that it's less of an issue than say drunk driving or road racing. Accidents can still happen though.
They are not the same thing. Investing in an index fund is a bet that over your holding period your rate of return will be positive for the companies invested in. But recessions happen, and if you don’t want exposure to recessions then you don’t want an index fund.

Furthermore it is non-trivial for global citizens, especially those in corrupt and financially moronic countries like Argentina, Turkey, and Lebanon to get access to a US index fund. Bitcoin is global and apps exist for every platform and country to help people buy it.

One way to look at Bitcoin is that it is an improved version of gold. By your logic, why would anyone want to hold gold? But many do. Bitcoin is an internet-native digital asset that acts like gold but has many interesting properties in how it is custodies and transmitted that make it different if not superior to gold.

Clearly what someone doesn’t want to hold is cash - whether USD and especially fiat currency in mismanaged countries like Venezuela. In the USA it is much easier to avoid holding cash than in other countries.
How many lives were lost in New Zealand? Your argument doesn't make sense.
Hacker’s Discovery Changes Understanding of the Antikythera Mechanism
Oh I completely agree, that's why I said "can also be like blackmail". Key word "like" because it does differ in the exact way you describe.

So in this threads context, "hey I found a vulnerability in your infrastructure, you could pay me for it" does not actually constitute blackmail unless they actually follow it with "I'm selling to the highest bidder which may not be you".
That kind of throwing up your hands and exclaiming "they're all corrupt" is a necessary step in the escalation of political violence and the ascendency of authoritarian regimes.
Honestly, how would you know what they know, from skimming a few articles or watching a few videos? Can you genuinely not see the flaw in this thinking?
Do they ban ISIS? Because it looks like they've spent more time going after Trump and his base than they've done actually fighting the spread of Islamic extremism on it's platform. You can find old accounts with horrific stuff said about the very society we live in, about LGBTQ rights, about women's rights, etc. I think Twitter is taking the easy way out.
"I don’t think you could’ve gotten things much faster than this. "

???

It could have been done 5 months ago, by 5 different manufacturers.

We could have had 50M doses in Oct, the rest by January.

Why didn't Pfizer start ramping up? Because of the risk involved with an unproven candidate. That's literally in the article.

It's 'financially crazy' for them to invest billions ramping up on an unproven vaccine. But only 'crazy' for them, not for us. This speaks to the dysfunction of markets in crisis situations.

And why are we entrusting the manufacture of this essential IP to only one company? Pfizer? Because they paid for it? 'We' can 'pay for it' as well. And we can pay a lot more.

If the government established royalty rates for a vaccine, thereby ensuring Pfizer gets a cut if the vaccine is a winner, and allows any manufacturer meeting regs to manufacture it, you'd 10x production.

If the government basically 'pre-paid' or provided guaranteed credit for any manufacturer (up to standard) for any 'early candidate' vaccine, then not only would 10 manufacturers be involved - not just one - but they would have started 5 months ago.

It would have been 'insanely' more expensive to do it this way, probably costing 10x as much.

... but it's actually not 'insane' is my point, it's extremely rational for us to put $200B on the table to accelerate this by 5 months. It's a bargain. It's a win-win-win - Pfizer frankly makes just as much profit (royalties have no underlying unit cost), manufacturers make some, Americans are safer and the economy starts earlier.

We handled it 'poorly' because we didn't manage the situation, put in the right regs, or create the right incentives.
"Carl Sagan"
Unable to find that title

"Demon-Haunted World"
Unable to find that title

"Richard Dawkins"
Unable to find that title

"The Selfish Gene"
Unable to find that title

I think it needs some work.
The US would benefit from a weaker dollar as it would protect what remains of our manufacturing base and also act as an export subsidy. Currency valuation, and in particular currency manipulation, is equivalent to a tariff or an export subsidy depending on which side of it you are on. Yes people like to pretend that if something goes up in cost 20 percent because of currency change that is somehow normal but slap a 10 percent tariff on something and that is completely different.
I wonder whether anyone has used "otherwise" for this. It'd be a simple alias for "else", but it'd certainly sound natural:

if (X) { doY(); }
otherwise { doZ(); }
one example is `namedtuple`'s `._replace`:

>>> x = Foo(a=1, b=2, c=3)
>>> x._replace(a=1000, c=3000)
Foo(a=1000, b=2, c=3000)

in this case, you really need to know if the user passed a replacement or not.
If you find that interesting, I highly recommend the Grant Williams podcast. Particularly the episode with Lacy Hunt. But the entire Endgame series is really, really good.
Yah it’s a pretty ideal example. Another might be CI. It seems from reading other comments that bad examples in buying external products are from complex “business apps”.
Quick reference for the "Goal 1" and "Goal 2" language in this post. They're defined in the 2020-11-27 post by the same author. There are longer definitions further up the page, but there's a concise summary in the middle of that post:

> Sometimes, Goal 1 (FOSS tool talk) and Goal 2 (FOSS research) will be in separate posts.

Robert's two goals in the blog are to find practical tools, and to do research that will perhaps be rolled into a book on FOSS one day.
Image processing, machine learning and computer vision come to my mind. How do you translate
“Convolutional Neural Networks”, “back propagation”, “loss function”, “noise-contrastive learning”, “ Generative Adversarial Networks” in German? It’s not “just a few words” but you will essentially end up speaking German with mixing it 30% with “english words that bring the actual science and innovation across”.

No meaningful papers in these domains are published in German...
That looks like a cool tool (would be cooler if it didn't start freezing up after 15 seconds). But I have a complaint, how is Bill Nye on the same tree as Richard Feynman?

https://www.literature-map.com/richard+feynman
The US does better in a US city obviously, but I was speaking about a Mexican city: different economic conditions, different culture etc.
> Averages are one kind of truth though, and if your worldview is based on averages it has some amount of accuracy to it.

I think that is a fallacy. Just because some standpoint is in between two other standpoints, does not make it correct. Each side might look at some facts from a different perspective and might be correct but at the same time contradicting (at least at the first glance), but the 'average' could still be wrong.
> If I buy Bitcoin, what value-creating activity occurs that pays for my reward?

None. But then:

1. You reasoning applies exactly to gold. Yet, people keep buying it. It's call supply and demand. Demand doesn't have to be grounded in anything rational. If it exists and the supply is limited, the price will go up.

2. Bitcoin has never been about value creation. It's about *preserving* value, something the USD has been historically terrible at [1]

[1] https://www.in2013dollars.com/us/inflation/2000?amount=1
Review 39: New Portfolios and Ideas – ElefDoesCode
it probably won't work since they rushed it.
I'm continously impressed by the effort put into custom ROMs for Android. If this was supported on my phone in the drawer, I'd try it out in a heartbeat. Does anybody have experience using an OS with MicroG on a daily basis? A whole bunch of banking, work and government provided apps are still only available on the play store
Well probably not so much the previous link... but this is an article that brings it all together from around that time:

https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Popular-Communications...

Page 14 for "H.R. 2369 and The ARRL"
I think it works: I put in "Zero to One", "The Idea Factory" and "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" -- one of the top results was "We Are Never Meeting in Real Life." This was reviewed on Amazon as "Not For a White Male Forty-Year-Old Software Engineer."

https://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-reviews/R1WB4G83DRI8PV/re...
US manufacturers and service providers would benefit from a weaker USD. It would mean our exports are, relatively speaking, cheaper for others to buy with USD. US consumers would be hurt as it would mean imports are more expensive for US consumers.
I appreciate that in C pointers are the coin of the realm, I really do appreciate not having to deal all the time, stuff just works.

[Edit] For example, you can also insert into a string, making it longer, without having to worry about it.
> That's just English, right? Except that it isn't. I can't use "else" as a conjunction in normal speech, only in computer programs.

Sure you can!

Shakespeare used 'else' in the same sense as 'otherwise':
https://www.shakespeareswords.com/Public/GlossaryHeadword.as...

"else used as a conjunction"
https://wordtype.org/of/else

"Or else!" was common speech before computers, and a common vague cartoon/cowboy/sign threat.
This is a good point. I once worked on a system that checked projects met various legal standards and rules before allowing changes to be saved. This system was complex because the rules were complex, the only way to make it simpler would have been to convince the government to make the rules simpler.
I'm slightly surprised to not see any mention of materialized views.

We're in the middle of a project in which we use file_fdw to provide an interface to CSV files which are replaced nightly, but we then also have indexed materialized views to provide faster access to the data in those files. The CSVs are only read once per day when REFRESHing the materialized views after a new set of files is dropped in.

One of the nice things file_fdw is that it allows you to create foreign tables even when the source files don't exist on the filesystem. PG only cares about the files at the moment it's trying to read them. There is one downside, though, which is that the files have to be specified via absolute path. This is something that has to be considered given the heterogeneous machine environments on which the application runs.
Personally, I think that using any of these services as your master is a mistake. But I realize it's what many consumers do. (And, to be fair, it probably is safer for most people than storing one copy on a spinning disk drive was. Which is also what many consumers did.)
I think this fits in good here
http://blog.spencermounta.in/2020/should-we-stop/index.html

"Information technology has not happened yet."

Not directed at OP or Akku creator, but more in general.
Average time served in the US for murder is less than that.
Agree++

The "WMI Delphi Code Creator" (written in Delphi) is a great example of this.

"The WMI Delphi Code Creator (WDCC), allows you to generate Object Pascal, Oxygene, C++ and C# code to access the WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) classes, events and methods. Also includes a set of tools to explorer and Query the content of the WMI."

Note that Object Pascal == Delphi == FreePascal (generally)

https://github.com/RRUZ/wmi-delphi-code-creator
It's pretty clear that the account was either sold or taken over. Look at the most recent comments as well; not even a single one since 2012.

I know we aren't supposed to talk about this per HN guidelines, but this is just too blatant. And yes, I've already emailed hn@ycombinator.com.
> I feel like this article gave up way too fast on gdb's tui mode, especially given that gdb works and tui didn't crash like half the debuggers in the list, other than "the command tui disable crashes gdb." which I can't reproduce.

I've had the same conundrum for a various categories of development tools on Linux:

For a particular category (e.g., remote debugging, Vim C++ autocomplete system, etc.), an initial search uncovers 3-10 software combinations that people have documented as working.

And when I work through the list, trying to find one that works for me, I often hit problem after problem. It's hard to know if (a) that particular recipe is no longer workable, (b) there's something about my particular setup that will forever damn that approach, or (c) I just need to keep working through the problems until I finally get things working.

So it's hard to know how long to bang away at a particular recipe to determine if it's (a), (b), or (c).

The unfortunate result is I often run out of time for the investigation, and fall back to using Vim + gdb + ctags for developing on remote servers.

Mostly I'm just surprised that Visual Studio in 1999 gave me a better debugging experience than I've been able to cobble together on Linux in 2020.
If you say it out loud, you will realize that the question "Do you want to eat pizza or pasta?" (exclusive-or case with the answer "pizza" or "pasta," i.e. in the sense "these are your two choices, which would you prefer?") is an entirely different utterance from "Do you want to eat pizza or pasta?" (inclusive-or case with the answer "yes" or "no," i.e. in the sense "would you like to go to an Italian restaurant?"). The first case is pronounced with primary stress on the first syllables of both "pizza" and "pasta," and with a high tone on "pizza" and a low tone on "pasta," indicating a contrast between the two alternatives. The second case is pronounced with primary stress on the first syllable of "pizza," secondary stress on the first syllable of "pasta," and a uniform tone over the phrase "pizza or pasta" on which is superimposed the rising tone on the last syllable of the sentence indicating a yes/no question. (To see that the latter is true, add "tonight" to the yes/no sentence - "would you like to eat pizza or pasta tonight?" The tone does not rise until the syllable "night.")

You have to be very careful in reasoning about natural language based solely on the written record, since spoken language regularly includes features, such as the suprasegmentals (stress and intonation) in the above examples, that aren't recorded in the orthography.
Or hypofast
Back in 2002 there was a prison riot in the prison in the town I went to uni in. It was over the conditions. The conditions (room size, toilets, etc) were better than my first year accommodation. I of course was paying rent for the privilege.
Show HN: Offline Authentication with the WebCrypto and Vue 3 Composition APIs