skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Uncovered code is actually a much more useful metric, IMO. You can cover code without testing it, but there is no way you could have tested uncovered code.

Hurrah, finally I see someone with the same viewpoint I've pushed for some time, though for a different reason.

For me, 80% covered isn't the same thing as 20% uncovered. The difference is in the code that has been examined and decided tests for one reason or another aren't worth writing. Could be untestable (elsewhere in these comments is a malloc example), too difficult to reasonably test (API calls abstracted behind a facade; mock the facade in other tests but the facade itself is kept tiny and only tested manually), utilities like python's "__repr__", etc, etc.

Having a way to mark such code as "does not need tests" is the key to making this viewpoint useable though, and I'd also really like it if coverage tools focused on counting uncovered down to 0% rather than covered up to 100%.
I think this was the thread I remember reading at the time where people came up with examples that don't have to be deceptive.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1197674

There was also a quote from someone in yc saying that the question wasn't really that important (probably why it got removed).
i asked a question. if you can do it on your own, do it. you'll learn more.
That is actually one of the "classic" ways of doing it. There's a bunch of different Bayesian models for protein structure - as an example, I implemented a model for structural changes in evolution for my master's thesis

The big challenge for these kind of models is the curse of dimensionality. Since every atom in the structure can potentially interact with every other atom, it's tricky to make a joint distribution for the entire sequence and it's rare to have a model that's both accurate and parallelizable, so the field hasn't benefitted much from the advances in for instance GPU computing
The upper midwest has comparable climate to Russia. You know, the Russia both Napolean and Hitler invaded. It's not bad right now, but on occasion we get -10F weather. I know southerners think it's the worst but it's really not. Snow and ice is a bigger bitch to deal with than the temp.
I mean this sounds deep and sensible and I support the underlying sentiment when it comes to laws and government force, but it's not so black-and-white in social situations..

Someone farts once - no big deal. Someone farts all the time => they're quitting or I am.
This is a really good read, thanks for sharing this!
Yeah. The niche communities are really what keep me coming back. For example, r/fermentation is a fantastic community of people who make all different kinds of fermented foods and is a great place to go for advice or recipes. But the main subreddits? Useless
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07FRPL763/?coliid=I3UN9SRZOFDBAD&...

There you go. 3000x2000 on a 13.9" screen with a reasonably current processor. They have a few updated variants out there. (Was shopping for a 3:2 laptop when Dell finally got around to shipping a 16:10 7" display)
Well, it seems to me that it's not so much the size of the data that really matters -- it's whether the amount of data and the method of collection is appropriate to the question at hand. Certain questions only require small samples to answer. If you frame your null hypothesis as "the virus is aerosol therefore everyone in an indoor space has equal probability of being infected after a period of time", then a few counterexamples is all that is necessary to reject the hypothesis.

In the classic black swan example "all swans are white", it only took 1 counterexample (small data) to disprove the premise, while mountains of examples of white swans (big data) would be insufficient evidence to actually prove it. There's an asymmetry here.

Coming back to the article, the author recognized this exact asymmetry in the question at hand: "While some of this may look discouraging, I find these “small data” studies greatly empowering. They don’t just tell us what happened, they tell us what didn’t happen." "These small studies cannot tell us the proportion of transmission that occurs indoors, but they highlight how it occurs: droplets and aerosols being carried through the air. Clearly, the closer you are to the person, the more likely you are to get hit But equally clearly, air flow and the positioning of people are huge variables, too. Just talking doesn’t seem to generate aerosols to the point that everyone within the room is infected (though this is possible), but singing does—at least in these well-studied cases. Sometimes, though, the most important information is that the dog did not bark."

However, not all questions have this property. Let's say your hypothesis was something like "this vaccine will work in at least 95% of the population", small data approaches might not work. Bob and Jill said it worked for them -- how comfortable would we be extrapolating this anecdotal evidence to the general population? At most we can say there's a statistical signal to the affirmative, but nothing more than that. And that is the nature of self-reported anecdotal evidence (unless they were rigorously structured to remove confounding factors -- usually they are not).

p.s. Furthermore, not all questions require rigor, therefore anecdotal evidence can sometimes be useful without being rigorous. For instance I've always found Myers Briggs to be a "useful" heuristic despite not having any rigorous basis.
Plastic is effective and cheaper than other solutions. It is lighter, generally efficiently stackable, and easier to ship. The plastic waste problem is therefore less a grand moneymaking conspiracy and more about cost savings for businesses and consumers which, under a traditional capitalist model, do not account for the 'tragedy of the commons' - ie. completely ignore environmental or social concerns except in cases of post-facto regulatory action.
Critical race/gender theory is all about power dynamics permeating every interaction.

You might think that's exhausting, I certainly do, but that's what we're dealing with here.
Noise canceling works on the principle of destructive interference. Why can't drones add noise generating components which are just out of phase with the primary noise generating components? I assume this would lead to a loss of efficiency, but perhaps not enough to outweigh the benefits?
To be sure, Google has other objectives. But the people in this area are essentially academics, and I'd expect them to have a similar process given their backgrounds. The papers from Google are routinely of high calibre.

The non-research motive is arguably to control the narrative about using ML (I admit I still choke at calling it AI) and big data techniques. I fail to see how this is advanced by having a very public spat.

I've no doubt some senior exec decided she had to go, but I don't think it is because of any intersectional reason, or to cover up any particular publication, but that she wasn't seen as an asset to the company. Strategies for negotiating exercise of power are very different at Google to social sciences academia (or twitter, which is engorged with righteousness over this), which she seems not to have grasped. There are few enfants terribles in corporate tech that don't have controlling stock.
A paper from Google saying that Google knows that its systems discriminate against minority groups can open Google up to liability for a class action lawsuit from said minority groups against Google. And the fact that Google knows increases the damages that they can look for.

The same paper from outside of Google also creates liability, but now the argument for increased damages becomes about whether Google knew.
Salami tactics
Porsche is investing in e-Fuels. The internal combustion engine might not be totally dead. Plus, the EV of the future could be powered by fuel cells, not batteries.

The problem with Cadillac is that GM tries to reinvent it every few years. At this point, no one knows what Cadillac is suppose to be now. If anything, it's on the same path that Oldsmobile and Pontiac were on, ultimately forcing them to shut down the brand.
He wasn't a billionaire when he started SpaceX:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk#:~:text=In%20October....
Excellent post friend
It may depend on who you talk to, but Isee much equivocation between concets of price and value, in both micra ('wealth creation" / 'wealth creator") and macro (GDP) domains.

But yes, costs, price, and value are three distinct, though connected, concepts.
My wife had her older Prius battery run down years ago. I tried to jump start it in the parking garage but my cables weren't long enough to reach the front. We called AAA.

I didn't think there was any way that the battery for the electrical motor could be used to help the ICE side but
https://auto.howstuffworks.com/can-jump-start-hybrid-car.htm says that changed with the Korean hybrids in 2017.
Ask HN: Best way to learn Swift quickly
I have an upcoming internship where I'll be using Swift. Most of my experience is in JavaScript—and I'm looking for some good resources to get up to speed quick with Swift. The training/resource landscape is a bit confusing since I'm not familiar with the language, as a lot of the tutorials seem to focus on older versions.

Outside of hackingwithswift.com, Swift Playground, and the official Swift docs, does anyone have any favorite resources, books, videos, etc?

Thank you!
But clearly intentionally left out of the headline, which is the real problem
I thought Amazon was sort of magic in a scary way twenty years ago, but as you say, lots of people had a similar impression. What's interesting are the people who don't see the threat even today.
Ask HN: Help disclosing serious bank website exploit
I uncovered a massive bug that allows anyone to access a customer's PII at a US bank.

I checked HackerOne and they don't have a bug bounty program. What's the appropriate way to report this?

I wasn't doing any pen testing, I accidentally uncovered this exploit while using the website as a customer. This is a massive bank that doesn't have a history of acting ethically.
I vouched for them before replying.
Seems a little misleading, it seems like they terminated a proposal to allow it? I may be a bit confused though...
The article’s title had my bias going: I visualized a bunch of dinosaurs named Tony banging their fists on their desks exclaiming, “I ain’t selling no electric cars!”
You don't have to wear shirts to enjoy them. You can frame them like a poster.
This is one reason why even code that looks "obviously correct" probably deserves a test. If your assumption is true on one platform but not another, the test's failure on it will alert you of the fact.
My understanding is that developer mode on Android and Chromebook will unlock the bootloader. Software wise, that's about as user-hackable as you can get. It's true that the Oculus Quest is not as open.

I don't expect or even really want to swap hardware on these devices: if that was a priority for me I would get a PC, Arduino, Raspberry Pi, etc. I get the desire to tinker and customize, but from where I'm sitting I have plenty of opportunity to do that.

I also don't expect the device manufacturers to do the work to make Ubuntu or FreeBSD run. They didn't do that for PCs, the community did.
Amazing post i am share
I don't know how it is in France, but where I live public transportation strikes are announced at least more than a week before they happen.
> can you grow it with flavour

Just add some garlic and rosemary genes and voila, herb flavored chicken that needs no marinating!
That would be more of a journalistic paper than a research paper then. Timnit's research, at least in the past, is along the lines of "Hey, this <thing you thought benign> is not actually benign"
> If you expect tolerance of radicals and debate, look to the universities.

Universities used to tolerate radicals and debate. But going by the copious media reports of the last few years, that doesn't seem to be how they operate any more.
Yeah, I also read that part and got the distinct impression that the journalist is deliberately trying to misinterpret some facts to push their preferred narrative (electric cars not that great, Tesla overvalued).

Maybe that's true, maybe it's not, but I don't think the fact that 17% of Cadillac dealers can't afford a $200,000 upgrade supports that hypothesis all that well.
Code coverage as a single percent is low value and mostly management fodder.

Code coverage as a percent per module has more value.

Code coverage as highlighted source calling out uncovered code, missed branches, etc is useful during development to help you remember to test stuff.
For maximum odor removal, soak in sodum percarbonate
(most clothing seems to do fine with this, one or two that I've tried don't)
I was on heroin for a few years and I live in the UK. I had managed to keep it hidden for maybe 18 months but eventually it become obvious and my mother started organising help.

Within a week we had some people from the local drugs outreach charity turn up at the house with free Naloxone IM kits and they trained us how to use them. A couple of weeks after that I was assigned a counsellor whom I would meet regularly and talk to over the phone.

A few months after that I finally got into an NHS programme (which was mostly useless, it was all just preaching which doesn't work for me).

In the UK we can pick up injection kits in chemists for free. They include: needles; sterile water vials; cooking spoons; micron filters; a sharps disposal box; and packets of citric acid (the heroin we get in the UK needs an acid to dissolve in the water).

Heroin addiction is a public health problem, and the healthier the public is, the better off everyone else is. The fact that you have to pay for treatment in parts of the US is unbelievable to me.

Having access to naloxone and injection kits for free surely saved me from getting a blood-borne infection, and the counselling from the charity really helped.

On a global level we need to stop treating addiction as a crime but as a health problem. No one wakes up first thing and thinks "Hmm, I think I'll try shooting heroin today". There are almost always deep-rooted issues that the addiction hides, because being addicted to heroin is essentially a full-time job. You just don't have time to address what is causing you to need to feel numb.
Ah yes, I think this mechanism could have led to a real 'Australia' moment for me this year, while I was working outside back during iso.

Nothing but open blue skies above me, and a large spider flew in and landed right next to my hands/laptop. Suffice to say I didn't hang around long enough to take note of the species... That was enough fresh air for the day!
That would be a future act, not making previous acts illegal ex post facto.
StimulusJS is one step up from JQuery and formalizes a lot of jQuery patterns that I'd come across - data-target, data-event attributes, etc.
I'm curious what you mean by that, because it seems to me the exact opposite. Orthodox Economics 101 introduces consumer surplus precisely to separate price from value.
I see zero reason for such laws to be in the interest of the general welfare. Break up market dynamics to introduce mandated middlepeople? So dumb.
Bot (91.241.19.84) from Russia has tried to hack my site every day
I'm using Sqreen (in app WAF) and Cloudflare to protect my site.

I've recently noticed a bot using a Russian IP address 91.241.19.84 that has tried to hack my site every day since the 8th of November (1.73k requests so far).

Question: is there something more than just blocking the requests that can be done?

Is it legal/possible to hire an ethical hacking company that can go on the offensive against these malicious actors to rack up server expenses for the hackers running the bot or some other lightweight, non-lethal deterrent?

There's a current trend happening with people building API phone call bots designed to flood call scam centres. Is there an equivalent of this for web bots?
Yes but, once you've introduced pathogens to the inside by slicing it up and gluing it back together, it's not longer safe to cook the inside rare like you can with a whole piece.
I don't think ai will be able to dock small molecules with proteins.

You can bin all astounding ml results into one of two categories, convolutional forms or sequential forms. The problem space does not fit into either of those so cleanly.

Yes, you can turn a molecule into a graph, and there are graph ml techniques, but how that interacts with a protein also does not have a lot of source data (real or synthetic) nor is the interaction space obviously reducible into a differentiable form. Either would be sufficient for today's breed of ML to excel at this.
As a perpetual beginner, I feel BASIC is under-rated. We should use BASIC to start children off with computing. They'll learn the hairy stuff in due time, but the key is to get them hooked early; and BASIC does an awesome job of that.
And thus the concept of the web permitting the site developers to actively make it harder or even impossible for the user to express their wishes was born.

The first dark pattern on the web?
Nice site. I liked the game, I was embarrassingly slow though
I accidentally built a spying app
@GoogleAI: Answer me, boy.
“Third world” is a dumb term to use because it’s based on the Cold War where the USSR was the “second world” and that shit hasn’t existed for over 30 years. Developing / underdeveloped are better, far less amorphous terms. Agree it’s not really offensive, but it is a poor choice of words for reasons completely unrelated to political correctness.
Or you buy a nice vintage item, used. They are better made and more affordable.
Check my post from 10 years ago

https://nhibernate.info/blog/2009/03/19/nhibernate-poid-gene...

I put data about fragmentation when using uuid there.
Zuck from the beginning has lied to people and made bad faith apologies. Repeatedly
Ask HN: Help Disclosing Exploit
I uncovered a massive bug that allows anyone to access a customer's PII at a US b-ank.

I checked HackerOne and they don't have a bug bounty program. What's the appropriate way to report this?

I wasn't doing any pen testing, I accidentally uncovered this exploit while using the website as a customer.

This was marked dead as soon as I submitted, not sure if it was the content or TOR
How old, ambient Japanese music became a smash hit on YouTube
JS is an accident of history, and won because of market quirks rather than technical merits. JS was created because Netscape thought it would be cool to have webpages that were somewhat interactive. They were a relatively small and chaotic startup throwing shit at the wall; MS did what MS does, which was to embrace / extend / extinguish, and by doing so they established JS as a must-have feature for all browsers. Before GMail and GMaps, JS was not particularly successful - it was largely just a novelty. Seriously-interactive stuff would still use ActiveX, Flash, Java, or just live outside the browser altogether (Napster...). Then a combination of JS improvements (XHR), publicity efforts (Crockford and GMail), and the market standardizing on minimum common denominator (avoiding deployment and security issues of plugins) left us alone in the room with this beast.
Consensus is a good word. Something for me to chew on. Thanks
Hacn: Monadic Alternative to React Hooks
Make this Cassini Globe Ornament please
> Perhaps the biggest hurdle, however, is the “yuck” factor. For many, the idea of lab-grown flesh remains unenticing, or even blasphemous.

I mean, cleanly grown in a nice lab: yuck! Damn it, I want mine from a chicken that wallowed in shit all its life in some tiny box together with thousands of others.
You usually don't become a hero without staking a position. Once you've staked it, it becomes part of your identity, and is pretty hard to let go of. Even if you shift your views, much of the rest of the world will hold you to your younger self. (Though with enough time, they'll forget. Remember when Arianna Huffington was a conservative commentator, or Donald Trump was a Democrat, or Elizabeth Warren was a Republican, or Benedict Arnold was a Patriot? Hmm, maybe some of those aren't great examples.)
If I was a caddy dealer, I'd take the buyout too (and buy $TSLA)
Journalism with citations and links would be amazing.
Okay I'll concede the point :P

I guess I'm just thinking it looks "good enough" for a particular usecase, running NetNTLMv2 through my usual rule/wordlists on pentests. Intel's IGPs have been good enough to do NTLM in a few minutes for a few years, so being able to crack NetNTLM handshakes locally would be nice.

Nvidia's Tegra stuff is really impressive though. I had a shot at playing with hashcat on a nintendo switch a while back, and even though that's several gens old and has very limited VRAM, it did surprisingly well. The newer SoCs must really fly.
Two thirds of wealth in America is owned by the bottom 99th percentile, i.e. households with less than $12 million net worth.[1] A near majority of wealth is owned by the 90th-99th percentile, i.e. households with between $1-12 million net worth.

By far the biggest source of wealth inequality is the division between the top and bottom 50th percentile, who have essentially zero wealth. The uber-wealthy may be rich on an individual basis, but in aggregate they still hold constitute significantly less than run-in-the-mill retirees, dentists, and actuaries.

[1]https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/dataviz/dfa/distr...
I love the %40, that's a great way of obfuscating an email address that I've never seen before.
Maybe it's my unsophisticated mind talking here, but programming in F# is pure joy.Among the languages I use only Ruby gets close to provide that feeling.
Show NW: iOS app demo video of six member network
Hello All, I've been hacking on this SwiftUI and golang backend ios app since Thanksgiving. The movie The Social Dilemma really stuck with me and I started to think, shouldn't I author my own app my kids use? In the video:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/10CEKzmlWjxkWdxR_NPdrZn5zuHKHx2qe/view

you'll see me demo my network with my 4 kids. But I'm starting to notice after building this, it would make a good dating app too. Just place 6 quality people into a network and let them interact as a group. Like the TV show https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Circle_(American_TV_series) you get to know people differently in a group setting. Six might be the perfect number! Anyway thanks for reading/watching. Appreciate feedback and you can find it in the app store under the name "replacement".
Because destructive interference in one direction is constructive interference (double the sound) in another.
So a lot of today's billionaires are solidly rooted in historical imperialism and the pillaging of people and nations (i.e old money). Maybe not new YC startup-billionaires but they tend to get their capital from the former. Also they tend to get a lot more compensation for their time/effort than most employees - even early ones that took similar risks and worked just as hard due to lopsided startup equity and the games played with it. Also there are entire classes of billionaires that got there through leveraging negative impacts to society they didn't have to pay for, government collusion, monopolies or other unfair business practices, or regulatory capture (due to regulations they got through bribed politicians) to think of a few.