skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
For fundamental reasons (see footnote), the power density of a fusion reactor will be bad compared to a fission reactor. And because the fusion reactor will also be much more technologically intricate, it will necessarily be much more expensive. Since the balance of plant will be similar (or favorably to fission also; no cryo plant or tritium recovery needed, for example), fission will be cheaper than fusion. And fission is already losing economically.

(*) The fundamental reason is that the power from the fusion reactor must radiate through the wall of the reactor, while the power from fission is transferred into coolant flowing through the reactor. As a result, the volumetric power density will be lower by roughly a factor of (diameter of fusion reactor) / (spacing of fuel elements in fission reactor), for equal power/area through the walls of the fusion reactor and fuel rods. ITER, for example, has a power density 400 times worse than a commercial PWR primary reactor vessel.
It's 'legit' to feel a certain way, the opposite to make decisions about business and productivity that way.

The real trick is, to figure out all those things we do that we think are based on utility, but are not.

The Saab ad comparing their car to the Jets the make appeals to our 'every little boy wants to be a pilot' fantasy.

But the Ford ads that tell us how 'strong' our vehicle is going to be ... even though many of us will never, ever use them for this purpose.

Like the guy with 1000 different tools in his shed - he buys them 'because they are useful'. But really, it's the 'emotion/novelty' of utility, not actual utility.

At least 1/2 of the tech industry is driven by this, it's hilarious. We HNers, so neurotically passionate about whatever it happens to be ... are the most guilty.

Of course a lot comes out of purely speculative and creative use of technology, it's just that we should be better at discerning.

Slack, if it's bad, is probably because it's a noisy channel, not because it's Salesforce.
And replace all instances of “Discord” with “Harmony” and you have the perfect Enterprise chat tool!
That Rails app might just be the next Stripe, Shopify or AirBnB.
Unpopular HN opinion: Teams doesn't suck.

It's not as pretty/lovable as Slack, but it has an additional level of organization (each team gets their own set of channels), you can add tabs of related apps/sites to each channel, etc. As far as I could tell having used both simultaneously for a few years, Teams is a complete superset of Slack.
So the endgame is that someone owns 99% of all ETH and everyone just accepts it because it's not a threat? Why have a blockchain at all?
It doesn’t matter if we can’t buy one
Because the average person wants to be where their friends are, and us something that just works. Modernity poses so many challenges that decentralization is meaningless to most "normal" people, whether through ignorance or lack of care.

More importantly, you seem to place a higher value on decentralization than centralization. Why is that? What if centralization allows more people express themselves more freely? Would you place a higher value on centralization?

Decentralization is a design choice, that's it. Unfortunately, we have to come to terms with the fact that outside the sphere of hackerdom and a select few privacy-conscious individuals, decentralization is completely and utterly irrelevant.
This means they get stuff they once made an offhand comment about, rather than stuff people think they might like. I once bought a book by a certain author and liked it as a kid), I then got books by that author for the next few years.

If I was "getting into Y hobby" I'd probably research my own tools for it, and would hate if someone bought something random, e.g. I'd hate if someone bought me a random RAM module. How do they know what speed, or how many slots I have?

consumables like Selzer (or cologne) are pretty safe, somewhat although boring gifts. It's better if their favourite X if also something that's expensive enough that they don't buy it frequently anyway.

That said, I often see cool items that I think "that would make a cool gift", that's what to make note of.
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The url is just a redirection to this:

https://rapidapi.com/kadukeitor/api/callbackfy2/
The scary thing is that even though this sounds like a monstrous effort to pull off this hack, its not out of reach for large governments. Its basically known as a fact they have loads of these exploits sitting in their toolbox ready to use when they have a enticing enough target.

Short of rewriting the whole of iOS in a memory safe language I'm not sure how they could even solve this problem. Assigning a researcher to search for 6 months only to find one bug is financially prohibitive.
The take away is that your issue was resolved. While it might not have been a satisfactory experience, you received resolution.

If your issue was with your Gmail account or Facebook, you'd still be streaming into the void.
> Bitcoin's price movement is just a market signal that there's something deeply wrong and unfair with the current financial system

Sorry but this sounds like the conspiracy drivel commonly heard in crypto circles. To a reasonable person, Bitcoin's price movement is a market signal of people speculating and trying to become richer - simple as. Occam's Razor, and all that.
> In the real world you don't import 5 seconds worth of dependencies into a lamdba

Laughs in data science.

> a 5 second boot time for a longer-lived service is acceptable.

Not every application can tolerate the occasional 5-second-long request. Just because Python can cold boot "hello world" 3 seconds faster than Go doesn't mean that's going to hold in the real world.
With the advent of hardware wallets, and so many competing wallets/interfaces out there (tailored to different user bases), I feel it makes little sense for the Ethereum Foundation to pour their own (human) resources into this. They will support the ecosystems as necessary though, e.g. Metamask got funding way back in 2016.
> no way of replacing

How did they build the cables in the first place? Couldn't they just snip the cables with a helicopter or unmanned drone with a flying chopsaw and string new ones as if it was a brand new construction?

Basically I'm not understanding how it is impossible to replace something but it is evidently possible to build that something.
I don't think that matters really. Maybe companies that are already using slack won't switch, but if you're using chat, which is free, are the executives really going to decide that it's worth paying to switch to slack? I think it's unlikely. Hard to see where the market is other than startups that are already using slack. Slacks revenue is currently nowhere near enough for this valuation and I can't see it getting where it needs to.
Being misunderstood is a great temporary moat. I could write a book on this, but suffice it to say, I didn't have confidence in my own vision until I took the time to really look at others and realized that the main difference between me and the average idiot was that I had bothered to look at the ideas of other idiots at all. It was like their entire ontology had become an ant farm. It was the moment I realized, I am a super-idiot.

I only half joke, because becoming a super-idiot liberated me from the perfectionism and the addiction to approval that caused a stultifying and primal narcissistic fear of criticism.

If you are struggling with this, take it from someone on the other side of it: It's ok, you're an idiot.
I've never used it. But I did use a CRM product a while ago that got purchased by SalesForce, and it was a disaster.
Agreed, but I take issue with the idea that people squander money because they have no "experience with long term wealth management".

I actually don't think many people at all, including those raised with money, actually have much knowledge and experience with money. And in fact, lots of middle class people become wealthy and manage that wealth fine.

The real difference is whether you were raised in poverty or not. Because poverty imparts a very different psychology on a lot of people.

Many raised in poverty have the mentality that you had better spend money while you have it, because it will eventually run out or be taken from you. Maybe stolen by someone on the street, but more likely stolen through bank fees lending schemes and other institutional grifts.

That's not to say that poverty can't lead to the extreme opposite, which is to hold on to and save every penny. But either way, poverty can have a strong effect on people.
I can heartily recommend Eleanor Ivory Weber, she was the copy editor of my book ‘Copy This Book’ and I was super impressed (see also my comment below) https://independent.academia.edu/eleanorweber
I don't understand how you get that SATP is a non-leaf PTE. SATP is a register, and a fence is for memory ordering. A register is a particular kind of memory, but in this context, I do not believe the authors are talking about register memory rather than RAM itself.

The SFENCE.VMA instruction is used to force in-memory ordering, meaning that all loads and stores are completed or updated and marked dirty (aka invalid) so the MMU knows not to rely on its cache, as seen in the spec here: "The supervisor memory-management fence instruction SFENCE.VMA is used to synchronize updates to in-memory memory-management data structures with current execution." The keyword that sticks out in my mind is "in-memory". The SATP register is a register, and is not in-memory.

If a write to the SATP register requires a fence, then it should do so, much like how writing to the CR3 register in Intel/AMD X86/64 forces a flush. However, this is specifically not the behavior the authors of the specification went for to avoid one of the biggest problems with flushing every time--TLB thrashing. A fast context switch, like Linux's 1000 HZ, would mean that a larger TLB would be no help since a context switch--even to the kernel--would force a TLB flush. Furthermore, that would nullify the 5 cases that the specification lays out which would "typically" require an SFENCE.VMA.

Additionally, the specification makes clear the reason they chose this was to improve context switch performance: "We store the ASID and the page table base address in the same CSR to allow the pair to be changed atomically on a context switch. Swapping them non-atomically could pollute the old virtual address space with new translations, or vice-versa. This approach also slightly reduces the cost of a context switch." This to me means that the SATP "register" itself is immediate, whereas the memory addresses it points to (the PPN) is not. Otherwise, this couldn't possibly be the case.

The spec goes on to state that "If the new address space’s page tables have been modified, or if an ASID is reused, it may be necessary to execute an SFENCE.VMA instruction (see Section 4.2.1) after writing satp." There is nothing I can find in the specification that states that writing to the SATP register alone necessitates an SFENCE.VMA. I also can gather from context that this is on purpose in order to preserve the TLB across context switches, which is the only reason I can tell to use ASIDs in the first place.

I might be wrong, and there are a ton of issues in the github repository for this specification asking for clarification on a number of other things. I'm not sure we can divine the author's intent more than we've done here.
It would be disingenuous to claim that the Bitcoin protocol is only defined by the consensus layer.

Then, if you require P2P protocol compatibility, I would say this issue shows that nobody really cares about alternate implementations: https://github.com/btcsuite/btcd/issues/1661

When Btcd was first released, it was pretty capable, and had lots of development. But it has fallen behind, which makes sense. Why would anybody take the risk of trusting that an alternate implementation when it doesn't decide what bitcoin is, in the end? You may have to patch bitcoind a bit to get your desired interface, but that is much less work than maintaining a full P2P and consensus layer.

It is also dangerous to use you a non-standard crypto library. Check this vulnerability, which was caused by LND relying on the btcd project's library: https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/lightning-dev/20...
Those watches are nearly 300 euro..
My wishlist for this feature (and for AWS Lambda in general):

- Don't make me build the Docker image myself. I'd like to be able to deploy lambdas by sending you a Dockerfile and having you build it for me, with as few additional steps as possible.

- Make it as easy as possible to run containers that speak HTTP, like Google Cloud Run does. Having a wrapper that translates the AWS Lambda runtime into HTTP calls, maybe even as a proxy I can run inside my own container, would help a lot here.

- Make it as easy as possible for me to host my lambda as the "root" URL of a domain or subdomain that I own - without those nasty /api/ path prefixes.

Zeit Now (the Docker-based predecessor to Vercel) did this the best in my opinion - they had an HTTP API that you could POST a Dockerfile to and they would build it into an image and then start a container listening on an HTTP port, with an HTTPS proxy in front of it, running on a subdomain that I could easily customize.

I would LOVE to see AWS Lambda offer an equivalent developer experience. I'm super-excited about container image support but I'll admit I am absolutely dreading the several hours (to several days) it's going to take me to figure out how to actually get my code running on it.
> After a day or so of analysis and reversing I realize that yes, this is in fact another exploitable zero-day in AWDL. This is the third, also reachable in the default configuration of iOS.

Holy shit.
I wrote up my reading notes from Postman’s _Technopoly_ on my blog [1]. Postman describes himself as being close to a technophobe—more like a techno-skeptic. I think that makes his perspectives on the downsides of technologies particularly potent.

I think we (I mean the HN community, as well as technology-workers in general) do a good job of self-marketing the latest technological gadget, tool, etc. The problems we like to think about (e.g. efficiency, scaling, responsiveness, etc.) are fun to solve with technology, and we sell ourselves on the latest and greatest solutions to these problems. However, we loose a bit of touch with the bigger human problems we need to solve.

I’m personally grateful for Postman’s perspectives; I think more about my technology choices and I’m more aware of the hidden effects that technologies have on my thinking. I highly recommend reading his books.

[1]: https://lambdaland.org/posts/2020-08-16-book-review-technopo...
Interesting: the german version (and other non-english versions, if I parse that correct) of the page still mentions rounding up to 100ms while the english version to 1ms.
Cache? Not yet translated? Different pricing model?
Can you get your data to other apps like Strava, or do you have to use Amazefit's app?
The Lounge[1] is an open source IRCCloud alternative for users who are comfortable with self-hosting and want an always on, web GUI, access from anywhere, works on mobile, IRC client.

[1] https://thelounge.chat/
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PoS and Sharding on ETH (part of ETH2) should theoretically allow it to surpass VISA's transaction bandwidth. (Visa Currently reported to be around 65k Tx/s, though average volume is somewhere in the 1-5k Tx/s)
>> Last-Modified Sat, 27 Jan 2007 02:38:36 GMT

Yes, John McCarthy hasn't updated his web page in a while, because he's been dead for nine years. Have some respect for the man who invented Garbage Collection!

But more importantly, do you think a lot of uranium has disappeared in the last 13 years? Has the use of uranium increased by an order of magnitude in the last 13 years? Have we forgotten how to extract uranium from low grade ore in the last 13 years? No?! Then how the hell is the age of this web site (13 years) or Bernard Cohen's book (35 years) even relevant?

> My comment referred to commercial viability.

Don't move the goal posts! You specifically wrote "Uranium is finite", and the counter point is that it is practically infinite. As McCarthy points out, this doesn't even depend on seawater extraction, because low grade uranium ores (phosphate ores, later Conway granites) are plentiful.
Mine too. Finance?
I can corroborate your experience. When I was a college student, I also used to earn a bit of extra pocket money teaching art students to program.
We used Flash and ActionScript 2.0.
It was amazing how quickly it could be used to create interactive stuff. And since almost every new concept allowed students to make more interesting stuff, they were incredibly motivated to learn.

Man, I kinda miss Flash.
Android has has several critical flaws recently. The ones I can remember are stagefright and dirtyCoW. Stagefright was easily remotely triggerable since it was in a media library that runs when getting sent media.

The main difference between the two I have seen is ios users get an update that fixes the issue often after their device has stopped getting feature updates while many android users are on kernels that haven't received an update in the last few years.
I've seen food grade ethanol sold here in extremely tiny amounts at pretty high prices for perfume making. Other than that you need a license to acquire it. I'm fairly certain there's different licenses for different applications too. Pharmaceuticals falls under a different category than distillers and stuff with different rules. Alcohol in general is highly regulated here so it falls under those same regulations.
Anyone opening a can with a knife should feel bad about it.
Gap between data production and consumption
We went trick or treating with some friends this year and afterward when we were eating the candy, my friend mentioned that he always loved Airheads growing up and was swiping them out of his son's basket.

Thinking of getting him a box of them for Christmas just as a "I noticed something you liked" type gift.
When to explore new opportunities, and when to double down on existing ones
Literally just signed up on element.io last night. Still using IRCCloud cuz it owns :)
It's not really devoid of meaning if you understand the space. Roughly, Salesforce is about processes and Slack is about communication. Think about handling something like responding to a RFP. Salesforce is good at breaking that down into several pieces of work and assigning them to different people, but the communication and UI sucks. Slack makes communicating across a team easy but lacks the tools to build in formal processes. Combining those will, at least theoretically, end up as a better product.
I mentioned that I ran into two problems with this:

- it only runs on Windows (I was trying to install without having Windows already).

- it creates an installer that cannot install to a GPT partition.
Can confirm this idea.

Got my mom a pair of Bose noise-cancelling headphones since she was asking about headphone recommendations earlier. That was definitely a gift that worked out and I think she's been using them for the last three years now.

I also got my dad an iFixit toolkit for Christmas after he saw mine and asked me to order him one if I was ever going to order from that particular store again.
This sounds like a healthy perspective and I appreciate you acknowledging that having kids might not be for everyone, as someone who is leaning that way myself. Thank you.
I think the F-35 is basically sorted, now, IIRC. The unit cost is down to about 85 million, which is far from cheap but roughly where a plane the does what the F-35 aims to do (As well as the different variants, the whole thing is designed to be an enormous airborne sensor fusion platform) should be.
Wait seriously? I had no idea that existed. I thought gchat was killed when they removed it from gmail.
That's a good point.

U.S. per capita healthcare spending is $11,172. If the U.S. gave everyone a $200 a year tax credit to spend on a smart health watch, we'd probably save $2,000 a year per capita and get a 10x ROI.
This piece would be more powerful and elucidating if it similarly wrote out in plain English what the US was doing in the Middle East in the first place. This piece focuses on means. We need ends too for context so we can better evaluate how the two connect, if at all. Or whether ends are fatally flawed.
Going back to first principles is how you conclude DT fusion is a dead end. And this has been known for decades.

http://orcutt.net/weblog/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/The-Trou...

(That prescient article has stood the test of time, except that advanced fuels were mostly ruled out also.)
Was this supposed to be comedy? It sounds like he was just taking a break from comedy to do a little advocacy, which, as an American citizen, he has every right to do.
I'd be really curious to know whether the phone can be exploited while on flight mode.
“The only thing necessary for that to happen is for companies like Facebook and Google to make it possible to connect with things outside of their sites in meaningful ways.”

“Dear Facebook and Google, please toss away your trillion-dollar global business empires and do what we tell you. Signed, the Geekocracy.”

Honestly, I’ve met doorknobs with more common sense and understanding of how the real world works. And you all still wonder why nobody listens to you?

I’d shake my head, were it not already shaking so hard it’s damn near flying off.
I always found Skype for Business/Lync got confused if you had the software installed but weren't part of the business' domain. My experiences with SfB were: 1. I'm an outside contributor to a company using my personal machine. And 2. My organization but whilst using another organization's hardware. In both cases, joining Skype for Business meetings was downright nightmarish.