skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In general, a variety would be something that's stable and reproducible with the same properties and sufficiently distinct from others. In sexual reproduction you'd expect the variety to be stable if and only if you breed it within itself, and any cross-breeding to result in something that's new.

Apple trees are generally pollinated by a large number of other apple seedlings, so it may make sense to consider every individual plant grown from seed as a potential separate variety, so we generally don't do that as the vast majority of these random cross-breeds are bad.

Only experimental breeders would even consider apples from individual grown-from-seed plants, everyone else uses genetically identical clones grafted onto rootstock that's (AFAIK) also cloned.
Code School Meta – Learn how to teach yourself to code
> One of the remarkable features of the goal is that he avoided being pulled/pushed/kicked down by any of the defenders

100%! The 80s was an era of defensive brutality, when horrendos tackles from behind were allowed. Tricky dribblers like Maradona were routinely hacked down. Even Emlyn Hughes said during the England vs Argentina match: "Oh, that was awful tackle by Terry Fenwick. He deserves a red car. Oh well, looks like he got away with it".
> power regen from underwater propellers

Like this?

https://oceanvolt.com/solutions/hydro-generator/
If we had Congressional representatives that understood everything you just wrote, we'd get some serious reforms for this practice. I'm very much against the entire practice, but the way Apple intentionally limits what web APIs they support (especially when they support certain ones on macOS) is criminal.
The irony of that whole situation is that FXCM allegedly helped draft a bunch of the regulations as big companies are prone to do but the government took them, cranked them up to 11, and killed FXCM with them instead of just their would-be competitors.
In no way it is like "trying to define the value of PI to be 3". That is just nonsense.

> The answer to that is that if you need more than 3 levels of indentation, you’re screwed anyway, and should fix your program.

Maybe in context of old C, but in java you have two nestings just for being in class method. So as a general point, it does not stand anyway.
A beautiful piece of IOS app engineering! How did you make the UIPageViewController in SwiftUI at the beginning of the app? I also tried to use it but have not yet found a way to bridge the UIKit with SwiftUI.
AI and HealthCare: Do the Predictions Lie?
What is the minimum deployment target of the app? From my experience building a production SwiftUI app for iOS13 isn't feasible. Maybe with iOS14 it got better...
thanks! we actually spent 3 years of iterations (on other products) until we reached that model. It seems to work quite well with people, as well as being on solid psychological science foundations
Then the images are no longer individual. That would be fine for read-only, but I would guess a fair amount of the data is hot.
Yes, I heard of K which makes some things a little more convenient and others a little less by adopting the "list-of-vectors" model instead of true multidimensional arrays. K still is very much in the line of traditional APLs, though. I don't have extensive experience with K, but J with the Jd DB seems very closely related.

I was thinking of more radical changes that would certainly disappoint APL purists by exchanging some well-known and highly-regarded APL capabilities for a more specialized language. Maybe I'll put my thoughts in code someday, if life doesn't get in the way.

The strength of APLs relies on having a fixed set of versatile primitives. From there, the terseness of the language allows one to write small but expressive and useful programs. This strongly limits the need for external libs and this is where the real value lies. Whereas in Python, you'd reach for multiple libs made in another language and often by other people, in APL you learn the prmitives and you're off to the races! Therefore, the fixed fraction of the programs you write (primitives vs functions) is much smaller (no libs with poor documentation) and you don't risk the carpet being swept from under you by changing lib APIs.

BTW J is stellar for data wrangling, and I encourage everyone to endure the multiple weeks of effort required to learn the basics of the language. Spend the time, it will be really rewarding!
I have a vague feeling that if Google takes active steps to lock out a government project, the EU will find a way to motivate Google to play nice. I mean Google surely wouldn't want to give anyone an incentive to revive that $1bn historical tax debate or the $1.5bn antitrust investigation ;)
Exactly, it seems like the intended audience is "people who are already familiar with it", but then it's unclear what use it is to them.
Looks like forcing users to sign up for an account is frowned upon.

This is something Steam definitely does, so I'll release a version on Itch.io which doesn't require a sign up.
Radicle: A Peer-to-Peer Stack for Code Collaboration (In Beta)
Learning something by doing it 2 mins a day seems like a steep promise.
An interesting idea for generating Caps in the next Fallout game.
What a beautiful subject. A framework that manages to incorporate the complex numbers, quaternions, and vector algebra - all from a unified perspective. Is there a textbook that uses this framework to present “all of physics,” similarly to what you can find for some other frameworks (e.g. Lie groups/algebras)?
CC-ND explicitly allows format conversions, so I'll go ahead and ask: has anyone made an epub of this site-book?
If it was able to map arbitrary ActionScript to JavaScript, doesn't that count as implementing a full ActionScript VM?
we are targeting iOS13 as minimum. For us it works right now, when we were running a no-code MVP before building the app, we saw that our target audience seems to be quite tech-y and tends to have the latest devices. So we knew our early adopters wouldn't too much issues, and that once the app becomes a bit more "mass market", then iOS 13 adoption would be a lot better (something we might achieve maybe next year)
If you are a weak player, this book will raise your ELO by, like, 200 points in a few weeks. Try it.
I recently added a new antidepressant to my stack, it ended up giving me a bad case of serotonin poisoning.

The immediate consequence was an incredibly lurid case of hallucinations which involved dancing shapes everywhere. My visual perception of things was bombarded by platonic shapes being layered onto everything, coalescing into vague but animated silhouettes of faces and bodies. Rotating pink triangles, bouncing blue squares, pulsing green circles can make of the majority of most outlines surprisingly - you get the idea, linear transformations of basic shapes with random colors can approximate a good deal of objects at a distance. The "engine" here felt like a bunch of symmetric rotations (abstract algebra) coupled with linear transformations (linear algebra) through a stochastic process of selecting colors (stochastic clustering?). Brain's firing all on cylinders so I'm surprised to see not only one intensive heuristic at play, but that they're all subtly feeding into each other. If video game graphics can make up surprisingly realistic depictions using only triangle meshes, this is basically a strictly 2D representation that takes advantage of the fact that we have two cameras, and that circles can be approximated from points without having to compute anti-aliasing.

Not enough to be there, but enough to be perceived. Not very fun. Best way to describe it, I suspect my visual cortex processes information by layering geometric objects and softening them until it's able to perceive a kind of eigenrepresentation of the object, and overactive stimulation just amps up the process until maybe they're not so soft.

I ended up riding it out because it was more annoying than scary and my doctor prescribed me something different.

To draw attention to the content of the article:

Constructor theory is interesting. I've often wondered, okay sure there are these mathematical foundations of understanding the language of the universe. What at all allows them to interact with each other? Are they even separate at all? If you read about the history of math, you know that most of math is born from saying something's impossible, so then naturally how does the computational engine of the brain have these processes running around until we can eke out symbols to describe them?

Example: You can jump around in calculus to algebra to trigonometry and so on with a few identities and theorems, but to what extent is all of mathematics connected to each other, paradoxes aside. I suspect organisms and existences are living proofs, dynamic formal systems only capable of understanding what our foundations are capable of computing. Not only is life and reality necessary from a mathematical perspective, it went out of its way to prove it.
Check docs over here: https://docs.radicle.xyz/docs/what-is-radicle.html
Making it a moving target they can't hit would be a lot harder a few years ago when customers were more demanding of new functionality.

These days people are less keen on upgrading on every iteration than they used to be and are happier using older kit for longer. If they upped the maintenance window, in fact, that would force google to compete even more fiercely coz users would have to really really want the new features.

I, for one, would vastly prefer using this over the latest android even if it lagged a couple versions and cost a bit more.
A REPL-oriented IDE with integrated debugger and convenient matrix inspection/editing tools.

Relatively terse syntax for array/matrix operations.
That example is certainly extreme; but these fake "competitors/adversaries" are normal i business.

It is not unusual that one competitor becomes so large that it can basically buy up all of its rivals. But it never renames them or shuts them down. They just chug along - looking like competition.
There's the same thing in English, Queen's English is considered more correct and is indicative of often rural wealthy people who network with similar people and went to prestigious educational facilities. The "Londoner" accent is not considered correct or prestigious.

This seems to be a thing in other English speaking countries as well. In my own country, a Dublin city accent is poorly regarded, and I've heard similar for New York City accents in the US
Wait there's a lot of blog posts there on "how I failed", "why my startup failed" etc. Do you not mean that? It was a whole topic thing 5-10 years ago IIRC.
The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol (1994)
The atmosphere stores CO2 pretty well.
I wish Octave the best of luck, but it faces an uphill battle against MATLAB (established engineering projects) and Python (new starts).

The biggest issue with Octave for me is the slowness of its plotting compared to MATLAB. A major use case for me is visualizing large data sets. I can generate data using any backend (Python, C++, MATLAB, etc.) and want the ability to plot it, zoom in/out to a rectangle, filter to a subset / go back to the full dataset. Simple 2D plotting, no 3D or hard rendering stuff.

In such plotting I find Octave (and to a lesser degree Python's matplotlib) super slow compared to MATLAB. To see it, make a scatterplot of 1-5 million points (say, with x and y random, uniformly distributed in [0, 1]). Zoom to a portion a couple of times. MATLAB response is instant, Octave takes seconds. Do the same for 20 million points (which is still a very small dataset by today's standards) and forget about interactive plotting with Octave :(.

As I said, I still wish Octave the best and hope it succeeds, but with my student days behind me I prefer to just buy an individual license of MATLAB every 5 years or so for my hobby projects.
A general note that applies to some comments in this discussion, but to any discussion of Matlab on HN. Yes, Matlab is still used heavily, even for new code, and it will continue to be used for many years into the future. It doesn't really add much to the conversation to generalize from the small sample that is your slice of one industry/your employer/your inner circle of friends to conclude that Matlab is dead. According to Wikipedia[1], Mathworks had revenue of more than $1 billion in 2019.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MathWorks
>Steve Jobs wanted all iphone "apps" to just be websites

I wouldn't weigh that too much, as it seems it was PR deflection until the native app SDK was ready. Basically Steve's world class reality distortion field at work that left one content but going "wait what" hours or days later. Very useful if one is a journalist that has already turned in their copy by then.

Once the native app tools were published, Steve didn't say anything else about iPhone "app sites".
we tried really hard to bridge the UIKit one, but had some bugs & crashes due to the PageController (the dots underneath). I think it is caused by the fact that a same SwiftUI @State is used by 2 UIKit "bridged" controllers, and is not operated in a thread safe way.
So we ended up building it from scratch ourselves, in SwiftUI :)
On a related note the firmware of the PlayStation's CDROM controller has been successfully dumped by No$ and other reverse engineers: http://www.psxdev.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=557

The microcontroller is a well documented off-the-shelf part, so I attempted to emulate it: https://gitlab.com/flio/psx_cd

It's not complete yet unfortunately, I hit weird timing inconsistencies that require more debugging, and then real word got in the way...

The license string described in TFA is emulated here: https://gitlab.com/flio/psx_cd/-/blob/master/src/cdc/cxd2545... and here /https://gitlab.com/flio/psx_cd/-/blob/master/src/cdc/cxd2545...
I’d say it’s very good. I don’t know about Zürich where rent is higher but overall it works out pretty well considering the overall package: much better employment insurance (1-2 years at 80% of your salary, including if you quit), vacation (5 weeks minimum by law + statutory holidays), health insurance (healthcare is not cheap here compared to Germany or France or Italy but the max deductible allowed for policies is 2500/year/adult), paid overtime (again, by law), 1-3 months notice period when quitting or laying off, and companies (generally) aren’t as trigger happy: if they hire you it’s not to fire you as soon as the wind changes. Oh and parental leave by law (don’t know the specifics).

That’s my understanding, if I made a mistake please correct me.

Yes food costs more, so does clothing etc. But taxes aren’t suuuper high in my opinion (around 20-30% with health insurance paid separately), VAT is 7.7%, and you can get anywhere by train for quite cheap (super saver tickets let you go across Switzerland for 20 francs, if you plan a bit ahead).

The caveat is that unless you have an EU passport or marry a Swiss, it’s almost impossible to get a work visa. And if you’re a US citizen, there is no bank that will want to take you as a customer.

Banks are a big employer but there are also insurance companies. I’m joking, these two are big but there are startups as well, consultancies, big entreprise type of jobs, etc.
A lot of those maintenance needs, especially for older buildings are going to require licensed electrician or plumbers. No insurance company or lender is going to want to touch old properties with outdated electrical and plumbing with extensive do it yourself work, and for good reason.
Quite insightful, except that hyperscalers aren't monopolies.

Monopolies are created by governments.
Ask HN: Moving from a business analytics/focused role into engineering?
For the last few years, I think more and more that I have made the wrong career choice not being in software engineering.

I love building and making having built different side projects etc but I am largely self taught (although I consider myself fairly proficient) so have never considered this a formal career. My career has rather seen me in consulting, analytics and product management and being technically savvy has often given me an edge here. However, I am completely unenthused with business strategy of late and consider doing something a bit different.

While I recognize being a developer in a company would be different to developing myself (more formalized, slower etc), I would love to know if anyone here has moved laterally into a software development role without a Software Engineering background? Did you start over in your career or able to find some middle ground?
The article repeatedly mentions this being a shift away from ARM cores but this is not true. The ESP8266 and ESP32 have Xtensa and not ARM cores.
It's definitely not going to be as fast & efficient as doing an MBA for sure, but our mission is to keep the app free for everyone, and even if you're only improving 1% every day, you're still setting yourself on track to have much better soft skills in a couple months
I'm in central Europe and so puzzles unlock at 6 here. I've often thought that this time is nearly ideal for me. But at the same time, had I lived in the UK, it would have been absolute hell to try and be competitive. So an hour can make a huge difference.

I have had days where I've just caved in to the lack of sleep and decided to sleep in the next day, sliding on leaderboards in the process.
https://archive.is/Mz6Jy

(!ais bang on DDG)
If you're against GMO you should be in favour of terminator technology because that makes sure GMOs don't spread to non-GMO populations.
I don’t understand why people are expecting day one support for applications like Homebrew.

By its very nature Homebrew is going to hit every edge case that can possibly exist during this transition process. It also has a huge number of indirect dependancies, also driven by its nature as a package manager. Meaning a huge amount of work across many projects is needed to get Homebrew “working” for everyone.

We’re at the start of Apples two year transition to ARM CPUs. If important thing X doesn’t work right, and it’s important to your workflow, then buy an Intel Mac.

Otherwise have patience and wait for people work through the issues. Besides in a years time Apple are undoubtedly going to release the M2, M3 etc with a whole slew of “pro” devices better suited for developers.

As to why Adobe gets a helping hand. Simple, Adobe’s customers almost certainly make up a bigger portion of Apple’s revenue than developers. Plus normal people understand what photoshop is, and understand how important it is to work on these new Mac. The general public hasn’t even heard of Homebrew, never mind understands how impressive it would be to get such software working on day 0.
Sometimes I hear that "hardware providers are holding dotcoms in a chokehold."

That's utterly wrong. Silicon makers themselves are under intense pressure of dotcoms massive negotiating weights. Chasing the Facebook, Amazon, Google trio is not a pleasant experience as many OEMs found out.

Unlike hardware makers themselves, and OEMs, there is no way any component manufacturer can simply "turn the switch off" on a dotcom client. Such clients can simply wait out few hardware generations, and buy older products just fine.

Now, imagine yourself an OEM, and that a top chipmaker declined to ship him his latest, and greatest chip/part. This becomes instantly less funny. Imagine a graphic card vendor having to ship cards with 3 years old GPUs, or a laptop vendor having to do the same.
In Russia, this is because St. Petersburg used to be a capital up until almost the time when language has been standartised (which happened with introduction of the radio in late 1920s - it's been a capital through 1918). Most intellectuals, in a Russian government-centric world, lived in the capital, because it was the only place where things actually happened, so a St.Pete accent was accepted for "correct".
> I wondered if the popularity of 'The queen's Gambit' would lead to a brief infatuation with chess in the popular imagination

There is no question about that: https://www.insider.com/netflix-queens-gambit-spike-interest...
> CarpentryHub

I too look forward to the 2021 YC batch
Five Biggest Stocks Are 23% of S&P 500 Market Cap
> As you adjusted the shape of the triangle everything updated in real time). It was running on what must have been a mainframe.

I think it was probably a minicomputer, not a mainframe. Good interactivity was pioneered by minicomputers and traditionally not associated with mainframes.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25244748
I feel like the hackernews-driven framework hype cycle contributes to this degradation. Unfortunately.
Yep, it seems that things are going in that direction. But I do wonder if it will stay that way because way too many programmers nowadays take job hopping for their birthright.

I am personally semi-okay with a strong specialization and several big areas -- IMO it's about time for that because way too many colleagues bite more than they can chew (me included) on a regular basis.

If these trends pave the way for programmer formal certification I'd support that as well.
These very things make me so happy about being able to build career online barely ever talking to people...
I'm not entirely sure that this would be the case for mPOS devices, as they aren't necessarily directly connected to the internet (many talk to a tablet or mobile phone via bluetooth), so you might need further vulnerabilities in the accompanying app to be able to exfiltrate that way.

MWR have done other work on standard EMV devices which probably ARE connected "directly" to the internet, so the situation you describe may be more likely.

I've always liked the idea of having a card that cause the device to behave as if the transaction had gone through successfully. Sort of like an AMEX Black card, but without the repayments.

Again, I wasn't involved with any of this, so take my comments with a pinch of salt.
Sure, but that's only because if it's your own code, you don't have to follow any rules at all. You can do whatever the heck you want, up to and including making the whole thing closed source.
You don't grow apples from seed commercially. They are cloned.
There are also youtubers who do a good job of convincing people they are good teachers, but real chess experts look at their explanations and think "sure if I make the right stupid moves that complex tactic gets you some material, but why would I make those moves when you created a forced mate in 2 with a different move"
> There is no such thing as "more" or "less" accent from a purely linguistic point of view.

Pretty sure what the parent meant by "the more of an accent a person has" was "the more a person's accent deviates from my own andthe majority of my community", but wanted to be more concise (if less precise).
I don't believe they were both very familiar with PGP. It's not hard to use if you read:
https://gnupg.org/gph/en/manual.html
https://emailselfdefense.fsf.org/en/
If was in a position where I had to take privacy very seriously, i.e. I am an activist or journalist... spending a couple of hours reading a manual doesn't seem much to ask.
Yep, as mentioned in a sibling comment, it seems to me we're heading in that direction as well.

I am okay with it but I can see some tougher times for programmers ahead so I am a little bit torn on if it's a good thing or not.
>> How about writing open-book tests in ways that are impossible to cheat on if you don't understand the material? You've had almost a year to adapt.

So in a remote test situation, explain how this is possible without use of these software. I can think of many scenarios where a second person can be in the room and doing the exam.
Hunting the Caspian Monster (The Ekranoplan)
Wallenius Marine is designing one. Together with their partner Wilhemsen they are one of the words largest Ro-Ro operators. Completely different scale, although always hard when one of the incumbents try to innovate.

https://www.oceanbirdwallenius.com/
And Worst Places to Be in the Coronavirus Era