skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Because I am a big jerk, I am going to take this opportunity to complain about a pet peeve, and ask for brainstorming help.

This (generally-pretty-great) book, like many educational materials about computer graphics, makes a terminological choice that I believe to be plainly a mistake. It uses the word "rasterizer" to mean "renderer that works by applying transforms to polygons", as contrastive with a "raytracer" (more generally, a physically-based light transport model). (e.g. "Raytracing and Rasterization, which focus on the two main ways to make pretty pictures out of data").

Properly (from a descriptivist standpoint), a "rasterizer" is any algorithm that transforms vector data into raster data, where rasters are arrays of horizontal lines, each horizontal line composed of pixels. RAYTRACERS ARE RASTERIZERS. (I mean, not if you're using the raytracer to detect collisions or for some other purpose; only if you're using it to generate 2d images of any kind.)

Surely there must be some better terminology for the non-physically-based option? I tend to say "polygon-pusher", but this is my own neologism. Does anyone have any suggestions for a more accurate name for this type of renderer?

Saying "rasterizer" in the sense the book does is as common as saying "literally" to mean "figuratively", as common as writing "there" to mean "they're". So I know that probably there's no fixing it. But I'm still hoping.
You already know the answer. Shoveling billions of dollars into a pit that doesn't help Apple make even more money, is never going to happen.
I've thought about this a lot, and the easiest rule of thumb is, "buy something consumable." Like chocolate, notebooks, wine, etc., that's one or two steps nicer than they'd buy for themselves. (Or than you'd by for yourself.)

They'll probably like it. It doesn't take up space. And, worst case scenario, it's trivially easy for them to share or regift if they don't like it.

Also, statements like, "Good Gift Giving Is Incredibly Important," are unhelpful and untrue. People already feel too much anxiety about gifts. The worst case scenario is that they don't like it. As long as your present isn't offensive, nbd.
Zettlr: A Modern Markdown Editor
I'm sure we could build an AI to predict whether it will using past attempts as training data.
"Textualism" requires divining a single true meaning as interpreted by some not-well-specified group contemporary to the writing, instead of doing so for the at least somewhat-well-specified group of people adopting the measure required for "intentionalism".

(I think both forms of originalism are useful and important interpretive lenses, but I think taking either as universally decisive or even mistaking either for a decidable objective standard is deeply problematic.)
With an adequate budget, vetting can rely on established consultants with excellent portfolios and a long list of impressive references. Trying to get work on the cheap is a crapshoot. reliable quality costs real money because doing things right takes time and experience. Good luck
Gold has value on its own, apart from its function as money.
"used" as in "using existing libraries" or do you mean there are folks still writing fortran in 2020?
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PostgreSQL with Queries: Present and Future
MySQL improved a lot in those places.
If you ask "which president invented coffee", it brings up an inventor named George C. L. Washington who founded a coffee company (and invented a process for instant coffee). So it kind of merges three separate pieces of information (has same name as a president, is an inventor, worked on coffee) in an entirely incorrect way.

https://www.google.com/search?q=which+president+invented+cof...
> gave me a fully unlocked computer

In a way, the ever-increasing restrictions during my final year at school pushed us into exploiting various flaws in their setup for a couple of reasons. Primarily, they were arduous - by the middle of the year, any window with a title containing certain strings, even ones as innocuous as "Firefox", would be closed automatically without warning. It got in the way of legitimate activities - a number of teachers also found ways to avoid them as sites they needed were often blocked. It was also interesting to keep having to find new ways to get around it ("CGI proxies"[1] found via Google -> self-hosted proxies -> wildcard domains to bypass filter lists -> access via IP and random port -> local admin exploit to disable protection/monitoring software).

In the process, we discovered that the security was rather inadequate. A VNC server was installed on all machines, including staff machines, with the very imaginative password of "vnc" (not hard to guess once you see a member of staff typing in a three character password), and we shoulder-surfed a domain admin password and it was just "school". This was later changed[2], but we bruteforced a cached hash[3] and found it was just the name of the school with a '0' in place of an 'o'. We had a 'shadow' domain admin account for _months_ before it was noticed, even after the staff were aware people were poking at holes in the system (someone else had sent a Window messenger service message to the entire domain around the same time).

We never really used it for anything though - we created the domain admin account to see if we could, then it basically went unused after that. We only got caught after someone else used a script to change the local admin password on every computer (I'm still not entirely sure why). It did provide an interesting lesson in OPSEC though - it was only tied back to us as they were tracking USD device names, and someone called their USB drive "<surname> USB" and still had it connected when logging into the domain admin account.

The punishment was to spend a week working with the IT technicians (mostly doing busy work such as cable managing rooms and tracking down serial numbers/asset tags), which gave us plenty of time to fully explain the flaws we found. I think they took security more seriously after that.

[1] https://www.jmarshall.com/tools/cgiproxy/

[2] we had no malicious intent, so upon realising that gave you read/write access to everyone's files, we left an anonymous note containing the login details at the IT technicians' office hoping they would improve things. Some of the teaching staff were also aware, and their only advice was essentially "Don't get caught" (and one asked for a copy of the Ophcrack live CD).

[3] Booted from an Ophcrack live CD, something that was "fixed" by removing the CD drive from every machine in the school
It's correct that the mRNA vaccines cannot cause the infection.

The 95% effectiveness is calculated base on how many people in the vaccine group had symptomatic infections (this happens with pretty much all vaccines; many are less effective than these).

The presence of infected people in the vaccine group doesn't give us much information about what is typical though; it can be the case that most people don't get anywhere near shedding virus once they are vaccinated.
Excel is far too slow for large scale datasets.
The problem with android is that there is a lot of software in the end OS that's not open source and is delivered as binaries from component manufacturers (the GPU drivers tend to be the worst, they almost universally come from Qualcomm since most phones now use the same series of SoCs.) Once the hardware is released these are rarely updated if ever which means the vulnerabilities aren't patched. The phone manufacturers are just helpless as the community is in this situation. Project treble mitigates this to some degree but the individual software components still can't be updated.
> No sources or structure layout or symbols…

Oh, that's a shame. The slide in the referenced tweet says, "advanced debug capabilities", so I'd assumed that's what it meant. I wonder what else that could mean?
This just made me discover the Dust programming language[1].

[1]: https://bilalhusain.com/dust/
lol this resonated so hard with me - and I work from home and always have even pre-COVID so no commute. I have a 2.4 year old.

It has been getting a bit nicer of recent in that she's talking so much now that I'm really enjoying having conversations and doing things with her in a way that has only really just started last month or two. But she's also "misbehaving" / not listening a lot more so it has it's ups and downs :)
Osso VR | Senior VR Programmer; Software Engineer | REMOTE (US only)

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If your Fitbit data is linked to a residual Google account, you can use that account to delete it.

https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/465
Well there is no Dom state capturing whether something was clicked or not afaik. Whereas something like focus you can query the Dom for
But no one ever remembers. I've taken a stand on many an unpopular position that turned up good. Not only do people forget that you said anything but they manage to convince themselves that they knew all along. The time horizon of most people is far too short for this tactic to work.
I understand. I would not 1 star a paid app for $5 because I wanted it for $0.99, that's dumb (though think about how smart the average person is, and assume half of them are less than average, and they all have phones too).

Let's say a free app advertises "play online with friends and play by yourself" and is free to play, free to download. Then you finish wasting 2GB of your mobile data ($30+ in US) and create an account (monetized, spammed) and now you find out that a mandatory payment IAP is required to play multiplayer. That deserves 1 star and probably a report.

Unrelated: You also have the shitty-behaviour apps that are either legitimately good or bad, but pop up "RATE US 5 STARS" every other launch. I would like those permanently banned from the store forever.
It's interesting to see companies showing up in this space (e.g., https://hash.ai/), many of them based out of London. I'd consider applying if I was based in the UK, but I'm curious about what inspired the founding team to start the company. Can you share an origin story?
If somone is really into something, it might not be specific enough to know what that something is... They might already have that gift idea or it might suck according to them even if it is exactly for their hobby or whatever.
Analyzing Firmware from Embedded Devices
SMX | Clojure / Big Data Developer | Auckland, New Zealand | Remote possible | Full-time

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We have a bespoke big data and analytics infrastructure built in Clojure and utilising Kafka and Cassandra that requires another senior developer. You will have verifiable experience in some or the above or related technologies, as well as in building secure, highly available systems.

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This guy is only a looker, has not hired anyone in 12mnths.
This is a UI bug due to formatting meant for mobile devices . The scrollbars are tiny in these instances. This isn't by design on desktop and is getting fixed as we speak.
I guess. Project Zero has a sort of unique history; as I understand it, it's less a reflection of Google's distinctive culture as it is Google's savvy in acquiring and nurturing a pre-existing research culture, and that might not be replicable. But you can also ask the question: how much of an impact has P0 had on shielding Google and its partners from similar vulnerabilities? If your impression is that, because of people like Ian Beer, Android phones are basically impregnable, I'll submit without a lot of insider knowledge that you're probably mistaken.

What an Apple P0 buys Apple might just be a bunch of favorable nerd press cycles. But that's not a problem Apple really has.

I am, however, convinced that with the right resource commitment, you could scale up a world-class research capability --- to potentially arbitrary levels --- without headhunting existing researchers, which is where I see the bottleneck right now.

Or, I mean, Apple could just rewrite their OS infrastructure in a memory-safe language. If I had the two options, I would put all my chips on the language change.

(I think P0 is extremely cool and valuable to Google in a bunch of ways and would be thrilled to see more major vendors try to replicate it, even I doubt they'll be successful).
So, just like Google Talk / GChat was in GMail back in 2005? We've finally come full circle.
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You don’t have to limit yourself to the author they love. Quite the contrary, it’s a good opportunity to expand the person’s selection.

Ask them what they love about the author. Not only does that make you a more interested friend, it gives you valuable information when looking for a gift. Ask online (or the sales person at the bookshop) “what do I get for someone who likes author X for reasons Y” and pick what resonates.

As (another) bonus, it shows the person you care enough to do your research and not just get what would’ve been on their wish list anyway.
As a commitment to privacy, as a next step, can I get option to Win10 to disable all tracking? And also at install phase of Win10, at first privacy question, option to disable all tracking, all cloud account etc, skipping all the other related questions?

And for macOS too?
Perhaps they are unhelpful to a developer, but they are not necessarily unhelpful to other potential customers, which means they are indeed helpful to a sales and marketing team. If you are a developer and received a shitty review, maybe you should try to stop thinking about the review from a developer perspective and focus on the other aspects of selling a product and satisfying a customer.
That’s of course another option.

I am just surprised because there are so many problems in tech where throwing money at it is not going to improve things.

However in this case, shouldn’t they be able to attract the best in the world just by turning the money gauge up?

If you are one of the most highly specialised vulnerability researchers in the world, would you seriously reject a $10m / year offer from Apple where you’d be able to spend all your time doing what you love with the only condition being that you report findings to Apple?
This is news to me and exactly what I would have expected to exist. Good to know!
Noclip: A digital museum of video game levels
Personally, big fan of Slack threads. I use them daily in our team chat -- we can talk in the main chat about anything relevant to the whole team, and if someone has a specific comment on someone's message, they reply and create a thread while the rest of the conversation continues on.

The nesting-within-a-larger-conversation aspect felt very intuitive to me. I've been in other Slack workspaces that didn't use threads nearly as well, though -- I do think they take some "correct usage" to perform well.
Exactly. It's the same vicious circle you see with bad neighborhoods, or with community sites that take freedom of expression as their north star. 4chan, for example, was once a noble attempt at a free speech zone, but it has long been known as a wretched hive of scum and villainy. As you say, bad drives out good.
Amen! More long-term staff scientist jobs of all stripes!

One lesson I hope people take away from AlphaGo/AlphaFold (and a lot of the work coming out of the Allen Institutes, Broad, etc) is that some really amazing work can be done when big groups of experienced people can work together on a project.
We were one of their first customers back when the team was maybe 5 people. Always liked their approach but definitely had no idea they'd make it this big. Congrats guys!
This is the TLDR from the article of the answer to the question "What is protein folding?":

If a protein is essentially a self-assembling nanomachine, then the main purpose of the amino acid sequence is to produce the unique shape, charge distribution, etc. that determines the protein’s function.

The article goes on to talk about other things, like "What if, instead of measuring a protein’s structure, we could predict it?" and that's cool, but it's sort of outside of the scope of the question posed in the title.

I only kind of skimmed that section because it's about this project that is trying to figure out how to predict what shapes proteins fold into. Nifty tech, but not something I care a whole lot about.

(Edit: If that tech interests you, there's also this on HN today: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25253488 and I imagine that's why this was even posted -- because some people are probably wondering "What's a 101 explanation of protein folding?")

Not covered by the article:

Misfolded proteins are the crux of the problem with most genetic disorders. Your body produces this string of protein sequences and it fails to fold up into the unique shape that makes it a useful tool that does a specific job.

(I always think of some old cartoon where two kids are playing with "gender neutral spiffy spiffy high minded description" toy from Switzerland -- think LEGOS only blocks you string together and bend as you see fit -- and their two mothers are talking and then one of the kids folds the bendable blocks into the shape of a gun and says "Bang" and one of the moms is all "Never mind.")

Chemical derangement of the cell can interfere with protein folding. You have these little factories inside the cell that produce protein strings and as they come out, if the climate is chemically deranged (usually pH balance or salt imbalance are the culprits), then it won't fold. It just lays there, a stringy useless mess of protein.

When you cook an egg, the egg white turns white and solidifies due to proteins being denatured. Denatured means they got unfolded.

Sometimes when a protein is denatured -- unfolded -- it's reversible. Sometimes -- like with egg whites -- it's not.

So in some cases if you could figure out why the protein is failing to fold properly, the body can potentially re-use denatured proteins and turn them back into working nanomachines.

And sometimes it can't and then it has to go to some kind of garbage chute in the cell and some serious genetic disorders involve a failed garbage chute, so misfolds can't be effectively removed from the cell, which is a really huge problem. The "garbage chute" is some thing that basically digests the proteins.
This is a post I can't help but entirely agree with. ACID Transactions, Indexes, Views, Constraints and other features have created so much productivity. Then it came time to scale beyond a single node and replication protocols added caveats galore because we poorly understood how concurrency and isolation (strict serializability, repeatable read, etc.) work in a distributed systems environment. Applications continued to scale and we threw the baby (SQL/Relational) out with the bath water (inability to scale databases). Database features aside from horizontal scaling have mostly stood still for the last few decades.

So what did we do? We took the bare essentials (B-Trees and other storage engine data types) and made those distributed. Now that we've (painfully) re-built the database from the ground up, but sharded and distributed this time, I hope we can get back to adding features that make developer's lives drastically better.

In my opinion one of the missing features are resource and time constraints/budgets at various levels of granularity. Once the network gets involved the non-deterministic nature of SQL can really balloon and bring things to a halt. Beyond that, we need simpler and more intuitive settings for these databases, ideally assisted by tools like OtterTune. The cherry on top will be a database that identifies areas of less coordination than you need and auto relaxes (or notifies you) to something weaker that is faster and more scalable.
My main problem with Garmin, and the one that gets me really hard when camping, is the fact that Connect requires internet in order to be able to see even basic statistics. I absolutely love my Garmin Vivomove Style, but because of the small screen I can't really see any activity other than very basic things, which requires that I fall back to my phone app... which doesn't work when camping or hiking because I don't have cellphone reception.

If they could fix this one problem, I'd buy more of their sports-oriented watches, but this is the one thing that I find really hard to deal with.

Otoh, the watch is phenomenal and beautiful, and I love having a watch that lasts 5+ days on a single charge and looks like a normal watch, but tells me my calendar and such, and can be used to track running and hiking.
To add to the honorable mention: I've been very happy with irccloud, though yeah I agree - IRC is still waning. I don't do anything crazy with it, but it has been fast, simple, and reliable - no complaints at all, which is quite rare.
Is that true? Python is pretty slow too. I can’t imagine many scientists would really mind leaving their work running overnight.
Nice. CMake is a confusing soup of leaky abstractions, so any attempt to explain it better is always helpful. But the IDE I use (CLion) is just smart enough to spit out a barely-legal CMakeLists.txt (globs? What's that? We list out each source file by name!), so technically I'm a CMake user. ;)