skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> And correctly implementing those algorithms is much easier using a formal derivation

Again, no one in the history of humanity has managed to do this affordably for programs of significant size. If you have, you are pretty much guaranteed a Turing award.

> You can't possibly be claiming that no formal mathematics was done before the invention of automated checkers, because that would be both ridiculous and observably false.

Formal mathematics is not necessarily checked by a computer, but it is necessarily checkable by a computer.

> I disagree. A specification maps to either an empty or countably infinite set of programs that satisfy it.

It's not a matter of disagreement. This is the proof. A program is a specification, but it is not necessarily the only implementation of this specification. There are mathematical definitions of what it means to implement a specification (it's called the abstraction-refinement relation, and one definition is that of "simulation": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation_preorder). The issue of the hardness of program analysis and synthesis is not a matter of opinions, but has been studied quite extensively for decades. You can read papers on the subject by people like Philippe Schnoebelen, Rajeev Alur and quite a few others. I can't give an introduction to the subject here.

> I'm better off not using mathematical reasoning to derive the programs that I do know how to write.

That's not the point. The point of formal methods is not to do the things we know how to do, but to do things we're not sure we know how to do. Formal methods tries to help us specify some properties and then write programs that satisfy them, even if -- and especially -- if doing so is hard or even uncertain to be possible. I'm not yet clear on what it is that you do, but I am explaining what formal program synthesis/refinement means in the context of formal methods, and what it is that hasn't been achieved. For example, taking the distributed system specification and deriving a program that implements something like Paxos. We know that easy things are easy. Formal methods are mostly for the cases that are particularly tricky.

> The claim is that it's considerably easier to derive a program that satisfies some property than it is to verify if an arbitrary program satisfies that property.

Your claim is mathematically disproven by the proof I've given. This isn't an argument, but a mathematical result: program verification is reducible to synthesis.
Including Pigs. Never forget that when Fred dies early of natural causes, his life long friends will be munching on him soon. Note that this is while on full food and not at modern feed lot densities, just on a low rate family farm.
> But the guy in question here did something really dumb, was very lucky, and should stfu.

What did he do wrong? He already had permission from Chase:

> But because this was a bank I wanted to get their explicit permission before researching any further
> Once I had permission quickly made a proof of concept

So I would be surprised if they would be able to make the criminal charges stick.
If the commodity in question was anything other than Bitcoin nobody would be saying something like that with a straight face. I think “Beanie Baby” is too strong a term for Bitcoin since they are much more “inherently” valuable ($5 of Bitcoin is much more useful than a $5 stuffed animal). Bitcoin will very likely never be worthless.

But a large chunk of Bitcoin’s 2020 wealth comes from it being a speculative instrument - as your comment indicates! I hope this dies down eventually but obviously Bitcoin is objectively high-risk. We are still in the first year of a serious recession, and significant political turbulence, and a pandemic. It’s not irrational to put that money into dollars / euros / etc.
As a mathematician I appreciate the greatness of the extended TeX universe as much as anyone, but this is fuuuuuugly. The equation font is too light and weak compared to the text, and the equations don't align nearly as well to the text as in a normal LaTeX PDF.
Surprisingly mature galaxies in the early universe
Specifically for California, some ballot measures are harder to change/repeal than to pass in the first place[1].

I don't think Congress can write bills that are harder to repeal, but I know some states can. There are also states that abuse their own constitutions to accomplish the same thing, for example if a supermajority is required to amend the constitution.

1. https://calmatters.org/politics/post-it/2020/10/california-a...
Real estate is designed for people to live in. Money laundering through real estate is ancillary -- a bug -- and attempts are made to stop it. Regularly. Up to and including Vancouver instituting a 15% tax on foreign buyers and New Zealand banning non-residents from buying real estate.

Cryptocurrency is designed specifically, by virtue of its decentralized and trustless nature, to facilitate money laundering. It was a design goal. This is what it's for. That and of course, collecting the proceeds of ransomware. Another way of describing 'money laundering' is transferring value, without the permission of a centralized government authority, with the intent to conceal the source of funds (hey it's your money right?).

That it has yet to achieve the same scale is not relevant.

All sorts of illegal activities aren't done at scale, that doesn't mean they shouldn't be policed. Otherwise you'll be pointing to the small scale right up until the moment it's not small anymore, and then it's too late.
No, Every Vote Does Not Count
Yes. The US elections make it a busy news day.
It's slightly more than that. For example the return key is much bigger in the UK and some of the shift+number keys are different (eg # is moved).
In case anyone is curious what Gopher protocol is:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(protocol)
The idea is to build this as a light box behind a standard windowpane frame. Like this one.[1] With a 120mm short focal length, the unit only needs to be about 150 - 200mm deep, if you angled the optics so you get light at a 30 degree angle or so. (Horizontal sun rays would look wrong.) That's a convenient size; you could hang it on a wall, like a rather bulky picture.

[1] https://www.walmart.com/ip/Darice-Wooden-Window-Pane-w-6-Pan...
I live in Fargo and would always check City Pages to see where I should go when visiting
> If you are gluing components together, then surely the components have a common interface that uses compatible types

This is not guaranteed; for example, the representation of a JSON object is trivial in dynamically typed languages, because there are no type bounds.

Ease of metaprogramming is another. Possibly also debugging - I don't get powerful REPLs in the statically typed languages I've used, as much as those in the the dynamically typed language I use.

Concepts like these don't represent best practices for sure at large scale, but they do make things easier at least at small scale, and they don't need to be necessarily supported.

Taken to the extreme, Perl variable autoinitialization and context sensitivity are very convenient for 3-statement programs, but they'd be horror above that. It doesn't make sense for any language to try to support that.
Actually, I'm Canadian, but good suggestions nonetheless.
Your original comment had nothing to do with my original comment... that is why I responded to your original response.
Only in airspace where a transponder is required. Most airspace in the US does not need a transponder unless you're near a major airport, and therefore doesn't require ADS-B.

Aircraft without an electrical system are also exempt from the transponder requirement.
Biden May Win, but Trump Remains the President of Red America
If we weren't children we should be having this discussion around urban cats.

Which can catch the disease and will be spreading it in urban areas.

To understand how important this is we'd need competent western scientists, which is a system we simply don't have.

But I think banning cats from nursing homes would be prudent. I'd even say shooting on sight zombie style since they might kill with close contact.

But the scientific community can't even decide on whether homo sapiens should wear a mask after a 100 years of research.
> stop explicitly setting a uk locale on their default images

What locale would you prefer they set? C?
It is happening in the wild. All the time. That’s how we ended up here in the first place. The best we can do is avoid getting close to wildlife, and leave nature alone.
What does colour or shading have to do with an icon?

Does it being colourful or having shadows impact the representation?

I don't think colour or shading has any impact on the icon. I think proper accessibility by labelling said icon is 100% more important then anything else, unless it's a universally understood symbol (such as floppy disc for saving).
Yes. Normally, motorcycles aren't that loud, compared to cars. The owners specifically modify them for that.
Even though most links don't work, the zip download still works through the wayback machine.
Shitty headline.

>The daily planner for elite professionals.

Not gonna try your service.
No, but it is the states function to provide for the unemployee. The state also runs job centers, which helps people find new jobs. You don’t need to be communist to care for people, or help the find employment.
> I'm implementing a language that's basically F#/OCaml. So it makes sense that it's easier to implement in F#/OCaml.

This is the key point. When your target and host language match in semantics is easier to be done in the host. You se how much gymnastics is necessary to implement near all langs on C.

---

I done a lot of F# before move to Rust, and frankly, F# is great and Rust take a time to "click". I'm doing a lang on it (https://tablam.org) and the truth is that Rust make things harder.

Some of the points of the author are not that "bad" and with some time it will see that are non the real issues, but the fact is that anyone, specially (IMHO) if have done a lot of other langs (not named C or pascal) will have a miserable time the first try.

Eventually, you Jump the wall of complexity and a lot of stuff click.. but then hit the REAL showstoppers (that are different depending according to what you do), and lets by real: Are truly hard. (maybe: But doing a lang, you hit this stuff more easily than "regular" coding. Doing a erp backend Rust is super productive to me)

---

2 things that make harder this stuff: Rc/Arc make complicated how mutate things. You need to wrap again with RefCell. I wish exist a super-charged RcRefCell that is "blessed" by the rust team as is with Rc, so the correct idioms to deal with this become widespread.

Also, the trait system and the restrictions of object safety somehow make harder to mimic a OO system, that in part could make a lot easier to deal with lang implementation.

Plus, I wish I can take alias everywhere, so i can cut the noise in syntax...
It is an overly-primitive metaphor for a computer--one that has pulled most hardware down to its level. The B5000 people understood this before the mistake was made. The PARC and Symbolics people understood this during/after the mistake was made.

The computer may not know the difference, but having a way to let the compiler distinguish between the two opens up so many avenues for compile-time checks, smoother migration paths (i.e. ASCII/UTF-16/UTF-8), and better optimizations.
One Terabyte of Kilobyte Age
Mysterious Radio Burst in Our Galaxy Came from a Magnetar
100%, doesn't disagree with anything in my post - my point was, it's not a bad idea to go through the effort of learning how to integrate with an auth system at a deep level so that you understand how it works.

Still, writing the code for SP side isn't _that_ dangerous if you already had an app that was reasonably secure at the application level behind its own standalone auth mechanism. Would only make sense to do if your language / framework has no good bindings or plugins for this already, though.
> Key rotating makes sense for your password or tls keys, because they're used on a regular basis on networked computers that can possibly be compromised.

Surely key rotation only makes sense if the time between each rotation is much much less than the expected time between compromise and theft.

In high value situations, an attacker is highly motivated to ensure they steal Bitcoin very quickly after compromise. Especially becaus the clock is ticking until the compromise is discovered and mitigated.
Once Reddit finishes its transformation into an meme image and video board, the current incarnation of its platform will go the way of forums and newsgroups.

Over time, Facebook groups and Twitter have become the de facto discussion hubs for communities that I've been a part of for years. Those platforms make it hard to not reveal your true identity online, and you have to give Facebook and Twitter your phone number just to register. Facebook will even ask users to verify their identities with their driver's licenses. At least for me, this causes a chilling effect on my online participation in these communities.

For example, I won't talk about politics in my neighborhood's Facebook group because I don't want to be harassed. I recently witnessed a single mother get harassed because she respectfully disagreed with someone's politics in the group. People started posting pictures of her kids, putting them into crude memes, and the mayor went through public records to find her full name and address.
Kinda my point. Why are dogs not ok but pigs no problem.
The Gut Trains the Immune System to Protect the Brain
Guess this means we should remove as many rules as possible to avoid monopolies.
Amazon Launches New RabbitMQ Message Broker Service
This also has been one of my biggest gripes with "imgui" style of libraries - as the end of the day something needs to keep state somewhere, and implementations/hack can be very language/runtime oriented to avoid hacks like above, or use the hack above.

It also caught me by surprise, and would catch many others where seemingly normal controls, that just happen to have the same text would be identified with the same state, as the text (contents) are initially used to point to this state.
I think it's important to be clear, the "rights" of corporations are the rights of their owners/shareholders.

To some extent, an organization is a host for emergent behavior. An organization (like an ant colony) may behave in ways that are counter to the best interests of, and incomprehensible by, any given isolated individual in that organization.
Can you name any? I’ve seen this claim repeatedly but never been able to find one myself.
How to Create Your Own $10k/Day Outbound Sales System
How you can build an automation to auto prospect visitors. How to clone Segments, $10,000 pipeline generating - fully automated every day.
What is the significance of the seven years specifically? Is there a statute of limitations?
I'm interested in your product manager position.
https://www.linkedin.com/in/josephmdwyer/

I'm not a coder but I have managed software engineers in the past and done UI/UX design and user research/testing, customer support, technical writing, etc...

I've been a non-technical cofounder for multiple startups and co-founded two non-profit makerspaces. I currently live in Florida and would like to work remote for a dynamic and fast growing company.
> most papers are too verbose...After reading tons of steganography papers

Is it possible they were secretly reporting something else too?
Sometimes HPC Means Big Memory, Not Big Compute
With $1B you could start your own mixers and hire people to run them. Or even start your own exchange.
I can assure you that it won't.
When there were higher barriers to entry, with the medallion system, it was awful. How to balance the two?
Well, but you don’t.
Both factors are relevant, but the final say thing is pretty characteristic of California. For bond measures, it's actually mandated by the state constitution - once the legislature passes a bill for a new bond program, they have to create a ballot proposition to ask voters for approval.
A simple method jit is also a good jit, even without escape analysis and advanced optimizations. It avoids the op branching and enables code caching.
Show HN: K8s-harness – Disposable Kubernetes clusters for testing your apps
I'm going to nitpick here a bit because I think it demonstrates a larger point.

Net neutrality is far from a "technocratic" issue. In many countries, media companies like facebook or Netflix do partnerships with mobile phone operators where the two agree that use of Netflix doesn't count against a user's quota. Netflix wins because they get more customer use, the operator creates a more compelling offering, and the customer wins because they get a better deal. This is called zero-rating and it flies in the face of net neutrality. There's also the fundamental issue of ownership - if someone owns the cables, why can't they set the rules? Especially in situations where ISPs can compete? And really, do you want yet another set of regulations set in stone, by a body like the FCC, that's vulnerable to regulatory capture in how it interprets and enforces net neutrality? Can you even define "net neutrality" in terms clear enough for a regulator to enforce?

Point being, it's not just about basic beliefs. There are substantive policy disagreements that don't arise purely from social differences. Sure, there are some people who just don't like transit. Maybe others think it's wasteful. Did you see New York spent 2.5 billion dollars to build less than two miles of subway recently? Reasonable people can disagree on whether that was a good use of money.

[1] https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/28/nyregion/new-york-subway-...
Well, the point is that non-religious beliefs even if strongly held and the norm are more easily changeable than religious ones.

If I argue with you over your non-religious beliefs I may be annoying, but I'm not attacking your whole way of being. If I argue your religious beliefs than there's a lower threshold for me being an asshole, and a lower expectation of being able to sway you.

Rather than religious / non-religious the fundamental distinction is how open to debate and effectively changeable those beliefs are. It's just that, empirically, religious beliefs are harder to sway. They also have greater protection under the law than non-religious beliefs.
As an aside to this- they'd already built an ecosystem around micro HDMI with the Pi 4 so changing it to full-sized HDMI would probably have irritated just as many people as not. They're also more economical to run through a pick-and-place machine, I believe.

Additionally, a little tidbit not included in this article:

"Also, full-sized HDMI connectors have no lead-in (to funnel the connector in). Whereas the micro-HDMI ones do, this makes auto-insertion of the connectors possible when testing which means we can do testing through the connector. This makes it cheaper and more reliable..."

Source: https://twitter.com/gsholling/status/1323322997315411971?s=2...
Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Reddit are handling the election
It's a fairly common occurrence to read like this here on HN. What's much less common is curiosity about whether the claims are actually/precisely true.

You have made several extraordinary claims about the state of reality in your comment - do you happen to have extraordinary evidence to accompany these claims? Another way of putting it might be: what is the source of your knowledge on these specific matters?
Python Bayesian Tests
(This was also posted on Reddit: https://old.reddit.com/r/kubernetes/comments/jnlmv8/k8sharne...)

OP here.

I built this thing to help me learn Kubernetes in the context of a test app that I made. I'm not sure if y'all will find it useful, but I wanted to publish it to share the love.

I wrote k8s-harness so I could create disposable Kubernetes clusters for my tests. This way I could deploy my apps for my local "integration" tests without having to worry about spinning up infrastructure.

I'm somewhat new to Kubernetes and didn't know if there are better ways of doing this. If there are, please, do tell!
We are not doing it though

What do you do if a snake or a cockroach appears in your house?

What happens if a bear wants to share the same living space you live in?

I understand your position, but the simple fact that we live in a modern World and we are at the top of it "inflicts animals this existence"

I like to not do it on purpose and I don't own a fur, if that's what you are curious about, but I'm not lying to myself believing that mink farming is worse than living in big cities that pollute the environment irreparably

Am I being cautious enough?

I don't think so...
Would you fail again?
> Your Robin should be more passionate about your idea than you are – or at least come a close second.

Sound advice.

Hiring an employee can be time-consuming, costly and quite risky. Besides a litmus test, what can we ask to dig into capabilities and skill levels?

Can we do paid tests?

Let's say we are looking for any candidate off the street (of Gotham to use your analogy) - can we use an interview checklist, whiteboarding and panel interviews with a team. Is this better suited for ICs or can we use them for a founding member?

Genuinely curious.
At least in gimp and Inkscape you can restore the old colourful icons.
That's how normally you write "imgui" style of app - that's the whole idea - you on purposes couple state+behavior+ui in one piece - e.g. if(checkEvent()) drawSomething(); else drawSomethingElse();
Wow, there's a lot here:

> Denmark will cull its mink population of up to 17 million after a mutation of the coronavirus found in the animals spread to humans, the prime minister said on Wednesday.

> Health authorities found virus strains in humans and in mink which showed decreased sensitivity against antibodies, potentially lowering the efficacy of future vaccines, Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen said.

> “We have been informed by Denmark of a number of persons infected with coronavirus from mink, with some genetic changes in the virus,” WHO said in a statement emailed to Reuters in Geneva. “The Danish authorities are investigating the epidemiological and virological significance of these findings.”

The country already had plans in place to ban mink farming, paying farmers to get out of the business, but this will accelerate things a lot.
Despite you being incorrect, its not even worth debating because the common denominator is that it looks like the state should just quit using public resources on trying to whitelist transactions since that seems to be the real waste, and find a new tool to curb whatever activity they were actually trying to stop.
Seriously. Some major rose-tinted glasses going on here. It's also hard to see anyone see this guy and how he presents himself and think, "wow, what a cool dude! I wish I could be more like him!" Like on a purely personal level, there are people in the tech world who think this is someone who has done well at life and they'd like being friends with him and spending time with him if only they could. This guy is and always has been the Icy Hot Stuntaz of the hacker world and it's super revealing when people seem to default to being on his side because they think he's like "one of us" or whatever.

I have no problem with people arguing about the pros and cons of copyright law and where the lines should be drawn and who's responsible for what, but it's really hard to take anyone seriously who thinks Kim Dotcom of all people seems like a pretty cool guy. None of this has anything to do with who's right in this case or whether or not he should be extradited, it's just a really inexplicable undercurrent to any discussion about him.
I think the current trend is for generic icon sets to be monochromatic or two-tone with the idea that the system applying them will apply one or two color(s) to them based on the semantics of their use and immediate context in the app plus the apps theming, rather than that they will be presented in end products without color.