skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Takafumi has really built up some amazing infrastructure in the package ecosystem. His Transducers.jl [1] is really interesting and powerful and lately he's done a lot of work with things like FLoops.jl [2] and ThreadsX.jl [3] to try and bring the benefits of transducers to more 'regular' familiar representations so more people can enjoy the benefits. The basic idea behind all of it is that he has an efficient and modular way of describing various 'looping' constructs that can be stuck together, optimized and parallelized automatically.

It'd be quite interesting to see this stuff extended to GPUs.

[1] https://github.com/JuliaFolds/Transducers.jl

[2] https://github.com/JuliaFolds/FLoops.jl

[3] https://github.com/tkf/ThreadsX.jl
At that time, COBOL was still huge in big-ass manufacturing systems, such as those in aerospace & defense.

In the early 1990s, Accenture (then Andersen Consulting), put every incoming employee through six weeks of on-campus programming training that was taught entirely in COBOL. It was old-school even then.

I was also amused to note that all of the daily-announcement monitors in the hallways of their training facility were being driven by an Atari 800. Yep, well into the '90s.
Yes it's VERY important to differenciate between async/await support (co-rutine) and doing async-io.

The problems all come from async-io.

"Pure" async/await can be mixed and matched in rust without any problems.

But the moment you touch IO (including timeout) a reactor is needed and things get complicated.
Apparently, this is what they use to trigger voice lines in the Stormtroopers and other Star Wars characters. I always wondered how that was done.

You can see some of the commands here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zD1FBLXDJqs
US Insulin prices 8 times higher than in other nations
> Any value that something this large has, is in its ability to exhaust resources from the ecosystem, control the market, the workers and the ability to resist changing its behavior when better things come along.

It is no news that big-co can induce great harm, but let us not get swallowed into conspiratorial thinking. Large companies first and foremost benefit from economies of scale, not any dictatorial dynamics they might pursue.

This is important, because when we decide to draw a line based on size (easy) and not on demonstrated harmful behavior (difficult), we have to answer the question "how big exactly we should allow corporations get then?". The answer to this question will determine if we as a society can enjoy certain things or not, because some goods' and services' existence requires that economies of scale.

> Breaking up large companies isn't even about them. It is about us and the world we want to live in. Remember the wage fixing scandal between Pixar, Google, Apple and bunch of other companies in the bay?

How is multiple companies colluding related to the question of a single company being broken up? Again, what they did was wrong, but let's not smuggle unnecessary emotional rhetoric into a rational argument.

> That is too much power for a company to have or wield.

Power concentrates whether we like it or not. Who should wield that power? Nation states? Religions? Or do we mandate a constant break up? You might break up your nation's companies but that doesn't prevent another country's corporations dominating the world market including yours, unless you pull a NK.

Yes corporate power concentration can/does cause great harm, but I haven't heard a suggestion that can actually work in the real world. How about strengthening the opponent process of government and other democratic processes to undertake the difficult task of disincentivizing demonstrated harmful behavior? Developing mechanisms more sophisticated than "just break it up"? American big-co's are not the only big-co's in the world, maybe compare notes with how other nations handling these?
Do shaders on PS4 games ship precompiled? If so, they'll at least need to either recompile those or create some sort of translator (which certainly isn't impossible). Either way, I'm sure even in an ideal situation, Sony wouldn't want to make outlandishly absolute claims like "perfect backwards-compatibility".
Agreed. Another way to put it: 1) Honesty. 2) Treating others the way oneself would want to be treated (the Golden Rule)--from this one can derive testing, the right amount of documenation, observing, communicating, working well with others, so much.

And 3) the ability to think something through patiently, thinking of what should happen, and what could go wrong, and being willing to develop the skills to make a ~"plan" (i.e., a program) that will do it properly.
I'll comment: it absolutely didn't make sense back then, either. We didn't use BCD for pretty much anything in '95. If anything, all timestamps were 32 bit signed ints.

Edit: plenty of things still stored dates as strings where the emphasis of the app was on displaying information. Int and float types carried the day whenever any kind of math was going to be used, or when you wanted to output the data in multiple formats.
> even on 32bit linux systems, time_t is still 64bit

No, on 32-bit Linux systems, time_t is 32 bits (except perhaps on newer ports like 32-bit RISC-V).
I am also a big fan of Postgres, and tend to have a bit of fun picking on MySQL having been scarred by it in a past life. But since we're picking at Postgres warts...

One which bit me recently, and is still utterly baffling to me, is that a column defined as an array type will accept values of that array's type in any number of dimensions greater than that specified for the column. In other words, `{{{{{{text}}}}}}` can be inserted into columns of the following types:

- `TEXT[]`

- `TEXT[][]`

- `TEXT[][][]`

- `TEXT[][][][]`

- `TEXT[][][][][]`

- `TEXT[][][][][][]`

The inverse is true as well! A column specified `TEXT[][]` (and so on) will accept `{text}`. Of course, none of this (as far as I've been able to find) is documented.

But wait, there's more!

`UNNEST` does not allow you to specify depth, it always unnests to the deepest dimension. This, too, is undocumented. In fact, it's anti-documented. The documents provide an example function to unnest a two-dimensional array that is wholly unnecessary (and likely performs worse than the built-in `UNNEST`, but I'm just guessing). Said documentation would seem to imply that the depth of `UNNEST` is 1, but of course that's not the case.

But wait, there's more still!

What if you want to get at a nested array? Idk, I'm sure it's possible, but if you thought `SELECT that_array[1]` is the way to do it, look under your seat because you're getting a `NULL`!

- - -

Postscript: I discovered the first part of this in a production system where a migration had incorrectly nested some data, and where that data was in turn causing certain requests to unexpectedly fail. Of course, given that this was in production, I didn't have a lot of time to research the issue. Found the problem, fixed it, moved on with my day. In the course of fixing it, I discovered the `UNNEST` issue, which... okay fun, fix it a slightly different way than I expected.

So in the course of verifying the particulars to write this comment, I played around with some things, and discovered the `NULL` issue.

At least when Postgres has wildly unexpected behavior, it's exceptionally unexpected behavior.
I have a friend who graduated from WUSTL’s CS program, who suspected the lack of accreditation stopped him from numerous job prospects. While WUSTL was a cornerstone of the early internet, it’s never been known since (IMHO) for particularly strong CS.
I'm a little disappointed by comments I'm seeing here that are basically to the effect of "it's 'troubling' or 'disturbing' to promote the thoughts of such an undemocratic thinker."

To your point, I think that not only are his predictions about the future falsifiable, but the structure itself has issues. I don't disagree with the whole notion of the cycle of seasons applied to civilizations. I think that is actually a very useful frame that connects humankind to nature and the circle of life that we could do more of. But if he wishes to use the vehicle of the cycle, then he must accept all of its implications, not just the ones which are convenient to him. From "winter" comes "spring." But according to the article "this ‘feeling’ is a remembrance rather than an anticipation. " Why should we accept this frame?

> The time of birth and rejuvenation is forever finished, metaphorically speaking. In this present phase, Spengler’s prophesising limns an authoritative ruler or ‘new emperor’ who emerges in response to the disintegration of culture. He called this the Caesarian age.

It is true that many empires of old were hereditary monarchies of strongmen rulers. Perhaps even today we see authoritarian governments with long running proto-monarchs. But will their tenure survive their lifespans? Have they built a resilient enough structure to do so? The truth is that if his own analogy holds, nature eventually "conquers" man, and winter always gives way to spring. Every empire crumbles back into nature under a relatively long timespan. If this is the case, isn't his idea of a Caesarian age somewhat optimistic and naive? Perhaps even ironically so for someone so commonly known as a pessimist.
How would the increased cost of a FPGA memory controller benefit the end user?

They would still need a new motherboard to use newer memory types, because the modules will have different connectors. They might need a new chipset if the newer memory type wasn't actually addressable with the FPGA (not enough pins, not enough signalling capacity, not enough voltage flexibility, etc).

For the majority of users, they don't change the cpu, motherboard, or memory for the life of the computer (in many cases, some or all of these parts are soldered to the board). Paying more for flexibility that will never be used isn't good for anyone.
Been programming for 40 years. This is the best answer here, and why I came to comment.

If you're not making headway, step back, sleep on it, and try another approach. Giving up will guarantee you fail. You haven't failed until you give up.

Also related, fail fast; do the minimum amount of work to create a proof-of-concept, to see if you're on the right track or not. Don't build the whole UI until the algorithm is working, don't focus on the wrong things, focus on the most important thing first.

And finally, know when to ask for help. There is no shame in it. It's better to ask for help than waste time.

Just. Never. Give. Up.
A Terraform wysiwyg
Ask HN: Why did Google, Facebook, Instagram and GitHub add cookie modals now?
Google, Facebook, Instagram - yes, owned by Facebook, but they have a different modal - and GitHub seem to have all almost simultaneously added cookie modals.

GitHub has more of a banner, and you can decline, but it's new too.

What's the occasion? Why right now?

Are there other services that just recently added one?
That sounds great and exactly what I want to see too! Combined with exact dates and you could "calculate" "real" growing times!
As an outsider of web-backends, is Google Analytics used as a web-service api for doing analytics on your own website? and now with Plausible you can install an analytics engine on your own website/webserver and use it "natively" instead of relying on a big-tech service api?

Is that what's going on? if yes, are big-tech service-api's so popular that indie web-backend engineers use them all over the place? My impression was that most of the backend stuff you do is on the webserver, and part of the work is to survey github open-source projects and install the ones you like (and the ones that are popular) on your webserver.

Wasn't the community shift from php to node.js/npm (or ruby, or python, take your pick) touted as some kind of a mini-revolution, something that'll make your life easier as a backend-dev? Turns out you guys still prefer someone else (in this case, 4-eyes big-tech) does the serious work for you?

I'm really not sure I understand the landscape.
If you intend to work on a team larger than, say, 4 people, writing english (or your team's common language that isn't english) is supremely important.

I spend a lot of time reading the writing of other programmers. I've read 4 page documents that are a slog and 20 page documents that are a joy. Your writing, in a lot of cases, will be people's first impression of you, NOT your code.
Why is this so hard? If the tuple (0,10) represents the range of a valid pdf, then the next tuple (0,11) is also a valid pdf. Or any after it up to and including (0,infinity).

Note the word "next", implying that (0,10) sorts before (0,11); you even say it yourself "11 is less than infinity". Where I'm from "first" and "less" are related (the first element in a unique sorted list is defined to be less than all other elements). So if there is any valid pdf in pi that can be identified by the range tuple (0,N), then the first valid pdf must occur before N -> infinity. Therefore (0,infinity) can never be the first valid pdf, even though it may be a valid pdf.

Maybe a picture would help:

Potential pdf file ranges in pi: [(0,0),(0,1),(0,2),(0,3),(0,4),...,(0,N-1),(0,N),(0,N+1),(0,N+2),...,(0,infinity)]
Is it a valid pdf? no no no no no (no) no yes yes yes (yes) yes
Which one is first? ^^^

I thought linking to a python script that shows the order comparison of a tuple (0,N) as less than the tuple (0,N+1) would clearly demonstrate this, but it appears to have failed to communicate that to you. We don't need non-greedy regex rules to do a less than comparison.
I think this gets to the heart of the difference between republicanism and liberalism (the ideologies, not the political parties).
How I remember what I learn
There is no situation in which the spread of "content" should be a crime. Any encryption that allows LE to track content is broken.
Another list: https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n82139094/
I'm saying that the big giant corporations and the giant governments we used to fight against died or became completely ineffective to do their jobs and the only thing that happened was giant corporations took their place that are far more unethical than what they replaced... Funded and led by the same people who were once the underdogs!

I am aware of history as much to know that the Internet was designed by a bunch of people who talked on Ham radio and wanted a secure place to sell drugs to each other without being caught by the fuzz. They hated Ma' Bell. That's why it's designed the way it is. Then later it became the RIAA and the rest. I know all of that and if anything that's hardened my position on this, not decreased it. We don't live in the 1960s or the 1990s anymore, and what's worse is everything the people said during that time about how society would be if we went "full retard' into "fight the man" hipsterism and the subsequent deregulation of everything actually happened. Nobody laughs at Al Gore or Tipper these days, or Lars Ulrich for that matter.

Do you like musicians making a penny on a song leaving no room for art just lowest common denominator crap, the rise of the marxist/fascist camps that are hurling what was once a promising country that was getting over it's growing pains straight into 1920s/30s Germany at lighting speed, the totally unfiltered and unmoderated filth that is 4chan, etc? Or do you just ignore it because "some day blah blah blah dictator might take control" yet we are the closest we have ever been to a dictatorship because of faceless social manipulation technique where we have no clue who or where anyone we talk to is, whether they're paid, etc?

Not everyone is an engineer out looking for how things work. It's the same error the founding fathers made with the enlightenment thinking everyone is going to become smarter if you just opened everything up. It's complete baloney, people will just use the power vacuum to seize it for themselves because they make the most noise. Nobody cared about Aaron Swartz except the hacker community. Snowden sold out to the Russians from the beginning. And you're sitting there still in the year 2000 when all this stuff was new and the only ones who spoke were nerds and we all agreed on basically everything.

The point is that everything that this theory set out to solve, became worse. More nationalistic, more poor musicians with even bigger giant platforms controlling their art, more corrupt, more propagandized, etc. Not less. Everyone knows it. The other point is that instead of tearing stuff down and engaging in subversive activities for the same ends, maybe it's time to focus on making the systems you have better. Not turn it into some weird mix of The Matrix, Philip K. Dick, and William Gibson. They're just as bad of an instruction manual as 1984 was to be honest.
Have you checked out Monkey Type? Blows Typeracer out of the water!

https://monkey-type.com/
Good feedback. I put off creating the landing page to finish building, but will put that together over the next couple days. Thanks
> I assume a government agency has the resporces to pay for it and for data scientists

First, the upthread commented said "healthcare" not "government agency".

Second, as someone who has worked in public sector healthcare: HA HA HA!

I mean, sure we have the resources to pay for data scientists (of which we have quite a few) and could conceivably probably afford to develop custom scripts for any CSV subformat that we decided we needed one for (though if its a regular workflow, we're probably acquiring it an importing it into a database without nontechnical staff even touching it, and providing a reporting solution and/or native Excel exports for people who need it in Excel.)

The problem is that when people who aren't technical staff or data scientists encounter and try to use CSVs (often, without realizing that's what they are) and produce problems, its usually well before the kind of analysis which would go into that. If its a regular workflow that's been analyzed and planned for, we probably have either built specialized tools or at least the relevant unit has desk procedures. But the aggregate of the stuff outside of regularized workflows is...large.
Using Hashed vs. Non-Hashed URL Paths in Single Page Apps
I live alone and managed to find uses for 3, and I sleep on a couch in the living room, so am not using a bedroom for a bed. If I slept on a bed, I'd be able to make use of 4 bedrooms.

One is an exercise room. It's the first photo here [1].

The one in the second photo is the electronics and music room. Table on the left for my electronics stuff, and piano on the right (and guitars out of frame on the right, along with a bookshelf full of music books).

Third bedroom is the library, covered by the next two photos. 10 bookshelves.

I could easily see two developers use 6 bedrooms. 1 for sleeping, 1 for a library, 1 for exercise, 1 for a join hobby for interest, and 1 for each for a hobby or interest that the other doesn't share...and that's without even considering using a bedroom as a dedicated office for working from home.

[1] https://imgur.com/a/lVmMv86
On the contrary, breaking them up will only strengthen our technology ecosystem, allowing innovation to continue. If we don't break them up, the next disruptive tech giant will be founded overseas.
User-Driven Product at Stack Overflow
Thanks for reading, mtmail. By design, once you have a key you can just pass it around. It isn't encoded to you or anything. So as you've appended a placekey to more of your datasets you become more independent from Placekey since you really don't need the API anymore.

As for the cost, our objective is to just run this for free for small users and at-cost for anyone who has substantial usage. We're still in the early stages here so we haven't provided explicit numbers or commitments here but I'm curious to hear what you think. What would reassure you as to our intent?

And for what it's worth, one of our aims is stability so if you want to cache responses for long periods of time, that would be A-OK.
Bounded Market Order
Worth checking out Snowplow Analytics as a self-hosted version of Mixpanel. Good guys out of London that have largely bootstrapped it, but the business is pretty big now -- some good customers using it at large scale.
Raiders' Memorial Torch Becomes the World’s Tallest 3D Printed Structure
This is an incredible thread. Thank you all for sharing.

For me, a good programmer realizes that "everything is code". Like, sometimes it's easy to think X problem is too hard for me or I don't have enough experience or this bug is unfixable but end of the day, it's all just code. You can change it however you want and if someone else did implemented something before, it's highly likely that you'll be able to do the same. Having a level of distance from the code one writes really helps.
> instead of removing the missing data, we fill it in with what should most likely be there

Just like the blind spot caused by your optic nerve!
Australian Osint Symposium
The Australian OSINT Symposium is a conference for government groups, corporations & the public to come together and collaborate on open source intelligence techniques & share experiences to foster greater efficiencies and effectiveness within Australian & global organizations
I experience software in a rather atypical way, but open source has been providing excellent user experience for me.

Both my Linux laptops run Gnome. It's a simple and easy to use graphical environment.

Package managers help me keep the software fully updated. There is no need to hunt down sites to download new versions and no surprise pop-ups telling me to download and update something. Installing software? It's easy.

I still remember the last time I installed an Oracle RDBMS locally.

My network printer was recognized immediately. I only realized it was automatic because I forgot to set it up on one of the computers and wanted to print. It then popped up with its model name instead of the name I gave it on the other computers.

Browsers work. Office suites (online and offline) work (no local MS Office though). Email works. Slack works. Zoom works. Skype works. MS Teams works. Most of the software I interact with is delivered through a web interface and that, obviously, works too.

There is, of course, software that doesn't run on my OS of choice (this is why I'm writing this on a Mac, and this is why there is a small Windows box under one of the laptop stands).

I'm not sure what frustration motivated this article.
Digital test contained a microprocessor more powerful than early home computers
Hacktoberfest 2020: Day 6: My journey as a maintainer
FAANGM needs to be stripped off of their for-profit status, they are necessary in the current society in their large form but not as commercial entities.
There's a reason bacteria stay in shape
https://cuelang.org is where I am going.

There is also https://dhall-lang.org of similar philosophy and more mature
True, I do think that's what's driving all of this negativity around cities. Maybe it's just a bunch of people who hated living in the city but were surrounded by people who liked it, but now they can finally come out with their true feelings. I'm in the same boat, COVID has cemented my feelings on the matter. I don't like that [some] people are celebrating the fall of big cities, because we already only have like 3 of them and some people actually like them
I'd second this. The most important skill for a programmer is being able to look at a problem and say "I have absolutely no idea what's going on here, but I know that I eventually will". Going from a complete lack of context on something to fully comprehending and solving it is infinitely satisfying.
I mean, somebody hosting an instance.
Look, if it gets us phrases like “… where density is infinite and time ends.” then I’m here for them.

I cannot wrap my mind around what it means, but it’s a savage description.