skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Warning! Lots of disjointed thoughts below.

I've used Frama-C ACSL+WP and it was incredibly painful to use to prove basically anything.

For me the main issue was that Frama-C can say 3 things about your specs: Yes, No, and Don't know. That means I have no idea where to start to debug my proof, especially as I'm already convinced that my proof works! This is inherent to computing weakest pre-condition AFAIK. I had to provide my own loop invariants, which is also a pain :-).

C's semantics also makes a lot of things which I would assume was "trivially true" fail verification. This isn't Frama-C's fault however, of course.

I haven't used the other plugins, perhaps there are better ones!

Type systems can be quite nice with regards to error messages, especially as the programmer themselves essentially derive their own granularity with regards to the domain and the proofs of the domain. But yes, we all have examples of absolutely terrible type system error messages.

The paradigm of making comments have semantic meaning in some other language is also terrible. I'd rather have a superset of the core language with syntactic extensions for proofs. The build system can pull out the core language source code for me.

Finally:

I think that abstract interpretation of a low-level compilation target combined with a proof-carrying compiler is the way to go. The compiler has proofs of a bunch of stuff regarding the code already, carry them down into the assembly level please! There's some work in abstract interpretation of WebAssembly, and I think that could be a great platform for formal verification.

Sorry for the barfing :-). Hopefully there're thoughts here to react to and reply to me about!
Are you being sarcastic? The title is clearly chosen so that it makes the number 25519 in reference to the algorithm.
Ah, it's using iced, good to know! Would make sense to mention that in the project's README...
I mean, Stadia folks at Google can say what they want from their little bubble, but the choice to launch a new Chromecast without them does speak much louder about how the company as a whole positions it.
"It's not google" is probably their #1 value proposition (DDG offers the same, but MSFT has better mainstream brand awareness).

This is meant without snark. It's probably the first alternative people will go to if they're wary of the level of tracking Google is capable of.
The anatomy of a $15M cyber heist on a US company
> There’s only one way to use union types, while with enums you can use ButtonStatus.HIDDEN or directly 'HIDDEN' without the compiler complaining.

Um.... I just checked, using a string to compare to an enum type make typescript complain, even if it has the same value.
> Humans left Africa and began dispersing throughout the world at least 120,000 years ago, but the genetic isopoint occurred much more recently—somewhere between 5300 and 2200 B.C., according to Rohde’s calculations.

All the article seems to be based on the Out of Africa hypotesis, but what about the multiregional hypotesis?
Amazing idea, really I'm impressed. This intrigued me at first glance as a fun typing exercise, as I've always struggled with typing - I started using computers way before they started teaching typing around here, so my typing is far from the optimal 10 finger method, but I've always found typing exercises mind numbingly boring.

However, as I started typing The call of Cthulhu, I'm now much more intrigued by this as a new way to read books. It is a very different literary experience from just simply reading. I'm way more attentive to the text itself, rather than just the meaning, if that makes sense. Though it's very possible that this effect is going to go away as I get more used to it.

Any chance of typing out custom uploaded books? Maybe copy pasted plaintext?

Also kudos on the execution, the site is really nicely made.
Was? :-D Haha, but yes, I think your opinion is the most common one amongst readers. To be fair, Ruby has stablized/plateaued to such a point that even weekly is pushing it in terms of quality sometimes. There are ways to approach daily newsletters in quiet niches that can work, but it always helps if it's a fast moving space (so "tech news" is ideal for daily, say).
They wanted to match `@functools.lru_cache`
It doesn't matter. This will produce three flat surfaces. It looks like he's just using the word control to denote whichever plate is on the bottom. The top plate will become concave and the bottom one convex due to the overhang of the top plate as it is being ground, but that is not relevant here.
https://goaccess.io/ does the same analytics and does not require exposing a dedicated service
Take a look at vmagent [1]. It has been designed to run and collect monitoring data on IoT and edge devices and then upload it to remote storage in short time frames when connection to the storage can be established. There are remote storage systems such as VictoriaMetrics, which support loading historical data out of the box [2].

[1] https://victoriametrics.github.io/vmagent.html

[2] https://victoriametrics.github.io/#backfilling
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I agree. I use a five year old Mac Mini and Cinema Display to watch DVDs. If I could use my iPhone as remote over Bluetooth or Wifi, then that would be something.

Maybe iOS is just too complicated to hack elegantly?
I see tremor used often for smallish earthquakes, but not temblor. I guess some journalists like digging up obscure words to pepper through their prose—like The New Yorker, for example.
> Just because he does not say explicitly "[GR and QM] are compatible", does not mean opposite.

It also doesn't mean what you are claiming.

To have a meaningful discussion about the incompatibility of GR with QM, you first need to know how they are incompatible. Reproducing classical electromagnetism with the Kaluza-Klein trick from 1919 [1] has nothing to do with it.

QM deals with unit vectors in a state space, operators acting on those vectors, and observables whose values can not all be known simultaneously [2]. The hole left by the observer's limited knowledge about the state of the system is filled by an intrinsic randomness which does not exist in classical theories.

GR and other classical theories have only observables, their evolution is deterministically determined and the state of the system can in principle be fully known at all times. We have known for a long time that nature does not actually work like this [3].

If you want to claim that GR is compatible with QM, you have to resolve the above contradiction.

What people who actually understand the problem have been trying to do for a long time is:

1) Quantize GR. This is the obvious first thing to try; you treat the problem as analogous to the quantization of classical electromagnetism and hope to create a quantum version of GR, the gravitational equivalent of QED. When you try that, it turns out you can't make the theory renormalizable - the infinities caused by loops in Feynman diagrams can not be brought under control. Trying to fix that leads to things like loop quantum gravity [4]. Weinberg came up with the alternative idea of asymptotic safety, which tries to neuter the problem with a fixed point in the renormalization group flow [5], but proving that it actually works is another story.

2) Come up with a deterministic (i.e. classical) theory underlying QM. Naive approaches involving hidden variables (i.e. trying to explain away our limited knowledge of quantum states as ignorance rather than truly fundamental) died with Bell's theorem. A few brave souls, notably t'Hooft [6] are still trying more sophisticated approaches (I think it would be nice if superdeterminism [7] got more attention).

3) Write down a more fundamental theory which produces both GR and the other known interactions in the appropriate limits (thermodynamic, large number of quanta). Since the other known interactions are empirically known to be quantum mechanical, it is generally believed that this theory will have to be quantum mechanical too. String theory is the obvious example. In principle, you could also imagine a classical (i.e. deterministic) theory along the lines of (2), but I can't think of any example which comes close to actually doing the job.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaluza%E2%80%93Klein_theory

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics#Mathematical...

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell%27s_theorem

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop_quantum_gravity

[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymptotic_safety_in_quantum_g...

[6] https://arxiv.org/abs/1405.1548

[7] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superdeterminism
There is nothing like 'companies awash in VC money' in Europe. The investments here are laughable compared to US, or China, and the products are mostly not really innovative, because of the risk, as discussed here.
It's the spanish word for earthquake, so ...

Hmm.. seems like spanish is the #4 language in the world after 1) english 2) mandarin 3) hindi

a couple journalists and 537 million people :)
Does anyone know if they are using a stock theme?

I really like the design (and structure) of their website. Or was the design self-made?
Main contributor here. As long as you have Docker installed on the host, you're good to go. If you don't have it, you can install as follows: https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/
I think this is tailwind-ui (https://tailwindui.com/)
Tips to improve your search engine results
Hey I'm thrilled you're enjoying the site! There are indeed plans to add a feature like that sometime in the future. Thanks!
A wild animal that inadvertently dies is not the same as a caged animal that is killed.

But yes, even plant foods incur animal suffering. Vegans know. Much, much less though.

> Pasture-raised grass-fed beef might come out way better in comparison.

If you consider a bugs life equal to a cows life: yes. Most people dont. I kill bugs when I drive my car, if I'd kill cows at the same rate as bug when driving, I'd stop driving.
I've heard it in movies.
Why is it that I find on certain websites (this one included) that some keystrokes aren't recognised when I use Safari? The letter 'e' not being recognised is common. Chrome works fine. This is on a Mac with Catalina and a British keyboard.
For context, Worm is about 3 times as long as War and Peace.
Very different to be anti democratic when Plato and Socrates were alive than in the 20th century.
I would simply take 255 modulo 24 and use 15 rather than require the user to enter a so-called "canonical" encoding of an hour.
Apple Top Secret iPod That Steve Jobs Didn’t Know
There is cat food that exists or is being developed that should help somewhat.

[0] https://www.purinainstitute.com/science-of-nutrition/neutral...

[1] https://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(19)30349-5/ful...
Good luck enforcing this with DeFi.
Restaurants introduce meal time limits
Cyclone Scheme
https://archive.vn/PL04r
This is very cool. I did find that I sometimes got confused about where the insertion point was supposed to be, especially when backing up and correcting mistakes. Having the letter ahead of the point highlighted in was inducing a lot of off-by-one errors in my head. I'd prefer a normal insertion-point cursor between characters, with the correctly typed letters bolded and only the errors highlighted.

Besides that, it's pretty good fun!
Why so few people learn the hottest coding language in finance
Is it possible to track users over a week or month? Often the same user return to our website several times before buying and it's important to learn about this behavior.
This is great. Can you add a separate category for kids?
Hey, I use TailwindUI (https://tailwindui.com/components) and a lot of it is custom as well.
20,000 is not a lot of lines though, I used to scroll 300k sometimes.

Anything below 500k rows is a 'small table' still.
I would not work for a company that would have me work from home for 10% less than what I make now. Why would I do that? I am paying more by working from home since I need to supply my own utilities and resources just to do my job.
BTW, which solution do you use for this case? Did you look at vmagent? It supports the case for collecting data from industrial appliances and uploading it to a central time series database when connection to it can be established [1].

[1] https://victoriametrics.github.io/vmagent.html#use-cases
Bing's biggest advantage might be its willingness to power other search engines. DDG, Qwant, Ecosia, Swisscows and about a dozen other alternative search engines [0] are all powered by Bing.

The exceptions are Runnaroo (Google), Startpage (Google), Mojeek, and Gigablast (both use their own index).

[0] https://www.searchenginemap.com/
Roger Penrose! If there’s anyone I could think of who deserves the prize, it would be him
Relevant quote from the Ed25519 paper [1] under the heading "Signature System": "This section specifies the signature system used in this paper, and a generalized
signature system EdDSA that can be used with other choices of elliptic curves":

> Malleability. We also see no relevance of “malleability” to the standard definition of signature security. For example, if we slightly modified the system then replacing S by −S and replacing A by −A (a slight variant of the “attack” of [75]) would convert one valid signature into another valid signature of the same message under a new public key; but it would still not accomplish the attacker’s goal, namely to forge a signature on a new message under a target public key. One such modification would be to omit A from the hashing; another such modification would be to have A encode only |A|, rather than A.

They key here is the second half of the paragraph: "it would still not accomplish the attacker’s goal, namely to forge a signature on a new message under a target public key".

Similarly how the design doesn't see a problem with malleability in the sense of converting one valid signature into another valid signature, It seems to me it was never a design goal of Ed25519 to begin with to strictly define the set of valid (and invalid) signatures.

This is why cryptography is difficult, because it's easy to use a primitive in a complex system and assume things about the primitives that possibly make them unsuited for the system developed.

[1] https://ed25519.cr.yp.to/ed25519-20110926.pdf
Though, I would add that just copying code verbatim doesn't really follow how people write code. It's not usually, or ever have I seen it, written in a linear fashion. Cursors jump up and down, you open a brace/bracket/parenthesis and almost always immediately close it, then proceed to insert code. Many languages are written from the inside out (like swizzling some lisp code together). Most people don't think "Ok, this is the code I am going to write" and proceed to type it in "page order" (I can't think of another phrase, it's early). Type hints, docs, access modifiers, can be added after the fact. Then constant refactoring occurs as things are broken out into their atomic parts. Then what you are left with is the result. It's akin to tracing a sculpture, there was a lot of work that went on before that sculpture became something beautiful.

That's all.

This is still a neat product. I typed a page from 1984. Makes me sad that I can't seem finish my own book or screenplays.
This might have an unintended use as a copywriting tool.

There’s an exercise called copyworking where you rewrite copy written by someone else to internalize the rhythm, flow, punctuation, and word choice. I use it for shorter ad copy and have found it to be very valuable.

I do it with pen/paper as I find that it “sticks” better, but lots of people are resistant to that so a tool like yours might be useful.
Show HN: Black Swan, a browser-based music video
Is there info about what pages a user viewed and the browser version? I don't see it on the demo.
thank you!

our Self-Hosted version was possible thanks to several contributors on our GitHub https://github.com/plausible/analytics/issues

One contributor from HN helped us reduce our script down to 0.7 KB from 1.4 KB or so earlier this year too... all contributions are very welcome!
Definitely not the only one. I hate support chatbots so much. They’re rarely useful, but even when they are, I hate using them. No thanks!
SVG filter support in Chromium is actively being worked on, primarily led by an incredible engineer at Opera (fs@opera.com). This work has been ongoing for almost a year and should complete in Q4. Please star https://crbug.com/109224 for updates (stars also help prioritization).
This looks interesting. I wonder when will they apply this merge to the consumer Gmail, Drive, Meet.
> but what about the multiregional hypotesis?

The strong multi-regional hypothesis is essentially a dead issue; didn't survive contact with modern genetics. There's now some evidence for regional admixture for genetics from archaic humans with Homo sapiens, and this is sometimes called (kind of misleadingly, IMO), the weak multi-regional hypothesis.
Hello -- thanks for the suggestion! I'll certainly add options to toggle the cursor style (or make it invisible, even) in later updates. Thanks again!
Frien, Anita, these are both very Swedish sounding names. And yet the company behind Friden were from New York it seems.
The FBI instantiated investigations against several individuals in the Trump campaign in 2016-2017 due to suspected ties between them and the Russian government. [0] Of those investigated, all but one were convicted - not of collusion, but for lying to investigators and obstruction among other things.

However I think insinuating a lack of oversight or ulterior political motives is wrong. A counter-investigation by Trump's DoJ found that the initial motives for the investigation were solid, but did note a number of errors made in the process. In fact, one FBI lawyer who lied during the investigation has been charged. [1]

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossfire_Hurricane_(FBI_inves...

[1] https://www.cnn.com/2019/12/18/politics/horowitz-hearing-rus...
I spent several years at a large multinational cloud provider that gave developers and QA access to production systems and customer PII. That all changed after the company was bought by SAP and operations were integrated. I am amazed that engineers think this is acceptable. It is bad business practice, compromises security, and illegal in some jurisdictions.
Images Keeping You Awake?
After reading, I’m convinced that this must be a draft mistakenly published. Wow.
Noted and added to canny, we will consolidate all the feedback shared there. Feel free to add any other ideas :)
https://feedback.myscreenbreak.com/feature-requests
'Long Covid': Why are some people not recovering?
Can we discuss via mail? You can find my contact in my profile. I started out with neuromorphic research before I switched to something else and this paper basically was my original research plan (but I never would have arrived at actually deriving this on the old trajectory I was on I think) so I'd love to go into the nitty gritty details
The anti poaching laws are key to SV’s success, but we have to admit that it means companies like Apple will always be able to get what they want with the amount of cash they have :)
To be fair, they ask two specific kinds of engineer for the first two, then ask a "software engineer". hmm. they might as well ask a "hardware engineer" about aircrafts and elevators.
A lot of Americans speak Spanish either as a first or a second language.
no. that's the decision we made in order to be as privacy focused as possible. there's no way to know whether the same person comes back to a site the day after or later. they will always be counted as a new visitor after the first day.
Yet the lottery is widely available to retail consumers.
slightly related, how does Celery implements delayed and period tasks internally? Does it use its own (local) data store to keep track of tasks?
> If it isn't end-to-end, and only you know and control your keys, you are already doomed. In other words, you cannot trust any service with your keys. That includes https and signal.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security-in-depth
Take a look also at VictoriaMetrics - it supports loading historical data without any restrictions [1]. It supports Influx line protocol for data ingestion [2] and it usually requires lower amounts of RAM / CPU / disk space comparing to InfluxDB [3].

[1] https://victoriametrics.github.io/#backfilling

[2] https://victoriametrics.github.io/#how-to-import-time-series...

[3] https://medium.com/@valyala/insert-benchmarks-with-inch-infl...