skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It may the case that combinatorics is large, with mathematicians focused on their own particular sub-specialities, but I still don't believe category theory can properly be construed as "mainstream combinatorics" in any real sense.

Regarding your claim about that paper being cited by papers in top journals, I checked the first five pages of citations in Google Scholar for combinatorics and probability journal papers.

It's cited once in an offhand way in the concluding discussion of "The Cycle Structure of Random Permutations." No categorical concepts are used there. Ditto for the "Independent process approximations" paper (except now cited in the introduction). Another one-sentence mention in the context of background literature appears in "Tree-valued Markov chains derived from Galton-Watson processes." Same for "A Combinatorial Proof of the Multivariable Lagrange Inversion Formula" and "Bijections for Cayley Trees, Spanning Trees, and Their g-Analogues."

There's a one-sentence mention with actual (slight) mathematical content in "Limit Distributions and Random Trees Derived from the Birthday Problem with Unequal Probabilities." But you don't need categories to prove the bijection they're referring to, from what I understand.

In none of these instances is the work used in a substantive fashion, and unless I missed something no paper features the word "category." It's getting cited because authors have a duty to survey any potentially related background literature.

(On page 6 I found "Commutative combinatorial Hopf algebras," which does use a functor form that paper. It was published in a journal that is decent, but very far from the top.)

So, I think we can reject the notion that Joyal's paper has seriously influenced the fields of combinatorics or probability.

I'm sorry to harp on this, but I see claims like yours about the importance of category theory thrown around a lot on here, and often I feel that they're clearly wrong. So I thought it would be good to provide some details this time around.
> peddle truly egregious lies on a regular basis

I know that CNN, NBC, etc are biased, but I've found that their bias generally skews to corporate or US government interests. As an example, look at the negative coverage that Bernie Sanders healthcare plans received (hint it was grossly negative because it threatened their advertising revenues).

As a result, I generally avoid cnn and nbc. So, I'm very curious for recent examples of the egregious lies that you've seen recently from these networks. Would you have recent examples?
And isn't a collection of primitives a grouping in itself?

An object is a grouping of primitives. So according to your logic OOP should have the same problem.

The real issue isn't grouping. The true nature of abstractions is the formation of higher level abstractions from "groupings" of lower level primitives. So "grouping" is fundamental to abstraction and therefore fundamental to programming.

The problem with OOP is that the groupings are forced. I cannot reuse a method outside of the context of the object because the method is tied to mutable state.

For example:

Try to write a function addOneTimesTwo from the composition of the three primitives below (in python):

def addOne(number):
return number + 1

def timesTwo(number):
return number * 2

def compose(f, g):
return lambda x: f(g(x))

Answer:
addOneTimesTwo = compose(timesTwo, addOne)

You will note, compose is a universal functional operator. The definition for compose above is the most primitive way to compose functions in FP.

Try to do the same with OOP:

class AdditionObject:
def __init__(self, number):
self.number = number

def addOne(self):
self.number += 1

class MultiplicationObject:
def __init__(self, a, b):
self.a = a
self.b = b

def mult(self):
return self.a * self.b

Certainly do-able with OOP. But I cannot extract the methods away from the state. In order to use the banana (method) I need the gorilla holding it and the entire forest it lives in (Object) to come with it.

It can be done, but generally you need a lot more glue code to make it work especially given the fact that people can get more creative with OOP. As you can see the MultiplicationObject is an example of this creativity. It was written with a different interface then the AdditionObject.

Basically if you know haskell even similar issues to the above can be dealt with in terms of haskell. You can certainly define a composition operator for even the most complex types. The issue with OOP is that EVERYTHING is a complex type. A standard Object already has enough complexity to necessitate custom composition operators so you're basically writing custom glue code everywhere. Either you're writing complex glue code or your bending all your code to fit into a framework.

Nothing is truly modular.
If the network bandwidth on both end allows for a transfer in less than 48 hours, most likely rsync with the --partial-dir=.rsync-partial flag. Otherwise SD card / USB key / hard drive in the mail.
Looks very promising honestly. I was looking for something like it, I'll check the code another day but I saw some weird dependencies like jQuery, I guess I'm fine if they never get shipped on build.

Thanks for the contribution!
> _So_ you're saying

I see what you did there. :-)
I don't see how it was made impossible. It's definitely possible, you can do it yourself there's many examples on github (even btdig has an old version on it)
Which one is supposed to be prison-like? Both just seem like utilitarian architecture to me (and so are prisons I guess). You don't want students to have to walk out in the elements between rooms in the middle of winter in New York, and you'd want to maximise the number of windows that classrooms have (since that's where students spend the majority of their day), so where else would you put hallways?

I suppose you could put windows between the classrooms and hallways, but those have their own associated problems to overcome: increased noise, more windows for students to break, safety in emergency situations, etc.

As for non-connected classrooms, where you need to walk outside to go between rooms, I've always thought that was to solve the same problems. Cheaper to build/renovate/modify/expand, easier to clean, less noise and fewer students running into each other.
The threat of being bankrupt for life would be a deterrent.

Prosecutors and mayors wouldn't be so tight with cops if not for 1) the role of police unions and 2) optimizing for conviction rates.

Change the incentives, change the outcomes.

SOURCE:

- https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/08/03/how-police-uni...

- https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/21290981/police-unio...

- https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/poli...

- https://thelensnola.org/2019/04/11/misconduct-by-prosecutors...
It’s always about the money. USB A ports are either really cheap, or manufacturing the enclosure with the same port on both sides is cheaper. Could also be that the enclosure is a reused enclosure...
Who is gating full videos?

All I've seen is Patreon as a gratis or else early video releases.

I'm not doubting it exists, but it must be in some niche I'm not aware of. I'm interested to see how that might work.
Might you be keeping track of these somewhere? I'd be interested in sponsoring en masse FOIA requests (via Muckrock) of police department budget and accounting data from the largest metros to suss this out across the US.
I have similar experience. I did couple LFS build around 2000 and the understanding of how everything is put together profits to this day.

I would suggest anybody thinking seriously about Linux (if you want to call yourself devops or SRE) to go through a full build at least once.
Even Eclipse lets you look at private data when debugging. Besides that though, you don't have to make data private- it's just common practice to do so.
Perhaps "San Francisco Troubles - 19,000 City Employees earned $150k in Pay & Perks"? Given that "Highly paid" is subjective and a source of contention even in this thread.
This is a great resource for those building embedded systems and want to understand how everything is really put together.

Did this years ago and learned a ton, that said I'd probably never do it again. Once you know, you know. And sometimes you wish you knew less.
First Outcomes. So, either total comp or other relevant metric. Feel free to disagree, but I have tons of data so I’m not even going to debate.

You seem to simply not understand the rest of the comment. The “or” is a branch with qualified professors of the practice on one side. It’s ok to not have any research experience as a professor, but then you better have a strong track record in industry. Having no relevant research AND no relevant industry expertise is the problem. One or the other usually suffices. Yes, usually. Spare me your anecdata about that one professor you still hate.

High quality researchers almost by definition do have several years of experience — “research scientist” is a job. One that pays better than most, even. 200K total comp starting in CS - CMU and Mit publish data. Just because you’re not building crud apps or cleaning up PDFs all day doesn’t mean you don’t have experience in a marketable skill.

I know a lot of cs phds. 100% who are current faculty either spent time in industry or had mid 6 figure offers they turned down for professorships.
> The poly count is much less impressive than the number of different materials and number of light sources.

Is it? The basic tracing algorithms I'm familiar with scale linearly with the number of polygons (minus whatever can be culled out), and don't really care about the number of materials (other than for memory usage I guess) or light sources (because the rays come from the camera). I do know that for edge cases like refraction some more advanced algorithms will do partial forward-tracing from the light sources, so maybe that's what you're referring to. Though I didn't notice any refraction in this demo (it wasn't a big focus, at least).
LIGO and Virgo detectors signals most massive gravitational-wave source
Revolutionary quantum breakthrough paves way for safer online communication
Pretty sure normies learned about bards from The Witcher and not, say, EverQuest.
The positive spin on this is that it allows for more "consumer" choices. With 300 million people, it's easy to find a few individuals pushed into a worse situation. People consistently underrate how bad the status quo is.
If a market did as you suggested, then there would simply be no orders for 0.99999 seconds and then a huge flood of orders at 0.000001 seconds before execution happens.
So does he also have a moral imperative to stand trial for what laws he himself broke?

So basically the US needs to follow their strict laws to the T. But adversaries like Russia and China can play as dirty as they want.

Moralists will do well against communist dictatorships, I'm sure.
Actually they went the other way with nickel wide spreads.

Plus you can trade at sub penny all day long. You just can't quote. So I don't think that hinders price discovery one bit, even on SPY trading at $350
That's what you get with adversarial optimisation like this. If we actually knew what worked for the algorithm, the algorithm wouldn't work as people would immediately game those published vectors of optimisation.
Does Social Impact Produce Better Business Results? Cotopaxi CEO Talks Shop
I think it borders on insurrection. I've never seen insurrection, but if this doesn't come really close, I'm not sure what does.
I breifly owned a usb -> IDE enclosure wired like this, but returned it because of the socket choice. B, regular, mini, or micro is clearly the proper choice.
They're not.

The IPCC reports account for a lot of things but for political reasons have been conservative in many of their estimates because certain countries are not fond of the implications of our sustainable lifestyle.
Wear a mask while having sex, Canada's top doctor suggests
A relative started getting pulled over a lot for speeding right after he bought a red car. Solution: he’s an ex-Marine so he bought a USMC number plate surround (not even one of the custom plates that require proof that you’re a veteran!). Problem stops just as quickly as it started.
Thank you, I had not seen the letter before. It is chilling that anyone voted for her after seeing it.
It seems that a bunch of countries with centralized police forces have an institute of ombudsman or other people representatives, whose operations are taxpayer-funded and provide free/cheap venues to someone who’s been wronged by the police or other authorities.

In the US alternatives seem to be

* reporting to internal affairs, which is kinda laughable and conflict-prone as that dept reports to the chief of police

* have a PR-worthy case appealing enough for ACLU or some law firm to take your case pro bono

* finance it yourself, unless it just so happens that your assets have been seized by the agency that wronged you, in which case it’s back to the other two

Edward Snowden points out the ridiculousness of his situation in “Permanent Record” - in a fair court trial NSA’s argument would be fair game, but his own counter-argument would disclose classified information and would therefore be inadmissible.
Ordered this bulk collection, then lied under oath that it wasn't happening. Would get away with it, too, if it wasn't for Snowden.
Oh that's fantastic - do you know how many packages they take? How does the receiver know when their package is coming? (other than the train timetable)
The ACLU’s moral compass needle has been wobbling for a while now, and it broke off completely after Trump was elected. They realized that they collect significantly more donations by framing themselves as champion of leftist ideals rather than the original purpose of defending actual civil liberties.
Recruiters throw a very broad net. They reach out to everyone. At one point, I’ve gotten emails for software dev positions from Google, Microsoft and Facebook. I graduated from a no name school decades ago, my light LinkedIn profile showed a list of no name companies where I was just your average SaaS CRUD C# developer.

I wouldn’t get passed a phone screen without prep for a software dev position.

I only recently ended up at a FAANG as a technical consultant. Even then, the recruiter reached out to me about a software engineering position and I asked about openings in the cloud division.
Glad it's making a comeback - basically 80's new wave making a comeback. Though I find a lot of the new stuff is cookie cutter, people just trying to recreate an exact Bladrunner/Outrun exact sound.

I make more of a new wave style sound - things like Thomas Dolby (she blinded me with science) and Gary Numan (cars), using synths to make something totally different. Hope this kind of creative stuff gets more popular.

My album: https://lostastronaut.ca
Another technique to speed up priority queues in a system with a memory hierarchy (i.e. modern computers) is the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-heap . I wonder if the author of the article is aware of this and is able to benchmark this.
It's not just the receptacles, it's also 2-4 custom cables per device, with sleeves and overmolds and all that, because it's a non-standard, spec-violating monstrosity that necessarily needs to be included with the cursed switch.

I don't understand how that's cheaper than the alternative of paying a few cents more for the correct receptacles and then not even including cables, because the customer can use literally any standard off-the-shelf cable.
This program was authorized by Congress more than once and overseen by FISC. No one could have possibly believed they were doing anything illegal. In fact, the court today didn't rule the collection to have been criminal as much as they ruled the collected data to be inadmissable.
I had to transfer 2tb of data over a wireless connection that kept dropping packets. BitTorrent was the only method I found that worked; everything else either broke down when it disconnected, or had too low of a retry limit to be useful, or wouldn't resume properly.
Haha, quick turnaround.
It's like whataboutism with a twist, because simple dismissal through false equivalence is never enough, they always have to escalate at the end. The whataboutism is just the setup for the real punchline that "the left" is always the greater evil.
That's not actually whay SCOTUS did when it created qualified immunity (which it has the authority to do, but congress also has the authority to overturn that). What you described is how it has evolved in the circuit courts.
Some 2010 vintage calculations, when 16GB microSD cards were considered "big", estimates 275PB would fit in a 1985 Volvo 240:

http://dansdata.com/gz105.htm

A 2020 update for that would probably use 256 or 512GB cards resulting in around 4.4 or 8.8EB (And probably twice that again if the cargo capacity of a typical 2020 SUV equivalent of a 1985 Volvo is assumed...)
Does bulk/metadata analysis even count though? It's not like somebody is personally going through your data. It's just a system that can infer the few records that are of interest.

I'd rather have that, and allow us to stay protected against terrorists or spies from China/Russia... than play by some arbitrary rules and then get destroyed one day.
Tune in next year for the outcome of the appeals process!
Thank you for this comment, and for describing this dynamic so clearly.

As you said, I doubt it was intentional, but GP's comment stuck out to me because it was in response to a rather innocuous statement of disbelief. I would liken it to witnessing the following exchange:

> A newly released climate change report from ExxonMobil has sparked controversy ...

>> It boggles my mind that there’s any debate about whether there's climate change when we literally have studies from fossil fuel companies detailing the evidence and predicting its future impact.

>>> In fairness, "change" is not well defined, and is routinely misused. For example, if we're talking about the recent storms in the midwest, and I invoke "climate change" to imply that these storms were directly linked to rising global temperatures and will lead to the collapse of the North American food supply, you could point out that the storms are still consistent with local weather phenomena observed in the area's recent history, at which point I would retreat to ...

>>> In my experience, people who are willing to be honest, precise, and consistent in their terminology tend to have more reasonable and productive debates about weather events. They can often agree on many things with the people who are supposed to be their enemies and the disagreements are more understandable. Notably, most Americans probably agree that these storms were damaging to farmers in the midwest.

>>> EDIT: People are fixating on the example and assuming that the reported rate of destruction to the corn crop in Iowa underrepresents the rates in neighboring areas, and ... , but when taking into account reduced demand from China and ... , there's clearly no threat of a food supply collapse. So while it's fair to argue that agricultural scientists are failing to account for something, we're not talking about ignorant people making stupid extrapolations. If we're going to go off-topic, then let's at least make it a productive, enlightening digression.

How do you point this out effectively, so that people can realize that they're fixated on arguing against a strawman of their own creation, and so they don't just double down?
So, I'm a little confused; is this not what NixOS is all about, or is there a difference? (as my question probably suggests, im not all that knowledgeable about nix)
The "effective" count of trading venues is really 3: nyse, nasdaq, cboe. There's not much fragmentation really. Having multiple venues let's exchanges experiment with different price structures and technologies. Like inverted maker taker fees. These things bring more benefits to the consumer.
A Neuroscientist’s Thoughts on Neuralink's Announcement
Why has this been flagged??

Really, right-wingers stop at nothing to mute or distort what does not align with their opinions.

Before being flagged, this was on HN front page. The agenda is clear here.
I agree it almost certainly has no effect on bot-ranking. It may influence those clicking on the results though.
Robinhood is reportedly under SEC investigation
or Scylla and Charybdis?
Yes. IMO the thought experiment is really more about us than anything else.
I laughed a lot with the video too.

Jokes aside, a book like CTM shows both paradigms have their place, and can also co-exist in the same system.

Besides, this paper cleared all my doubts about high-order FP having a lot of (unexploited) potential:

http://conal.net/papers/compiling-to-categories/
It's a little overstated. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Pope#Translation_of_...
Interested. How to apply?
Kickstarer's search is useless. Not sure what value they provide other than collecting money and a page to describe the proposal.
I realized, I had missed an 'i'.

I had meant, "Technically iPhones are assembled in China also."
I think there are some subtleties hidden in the word 'practical'. There are differences between:

My company has 200 Java engineers, and a dozen systems written in Java; it's not practical to migrate everything to <FP language>.

Spring Boot solves so many things out of the box that I'd have to implement myself in <FP language>, which isn't practical.

FP has a lot of features but it's not practical to maintain a large complex codebase using those features.
A good rec from a strong researcher carries weight. Likely lots of execs, managers, and senior engineers in the ranks of their academic siblings, old grad school friends, collaborators, former students, etc.

It’ll add a band or at least max out comp in the existing one if the right person gives the right rec.

And that’s assuming the undergrad research project was totally irrelevant to the position. New grads who can contribute to cutting edge stuff are super hard to find and super cheap relatively speaking. Usually your options are super expensive engineers or the few phds who decide to go into engineering instead of research.

I’ve seen undergrads sign in the 3s and 4s when their research aligns perfectly with the advertised position, cause the alternative is often buying the kid out of his startup a year later.
>But if I don't have inheritance, then what? Do I have different instances of Foo that have different implementations of f(), but they're still all Foo (rather than something derived from Foo)?

Yes, these are called "Trait objects" in Rust.

https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-02-trait-objects.html
The east coast school hallway is more prison-like, by far. There's a reason it's a horror movie cliche. Windowless, clinical, institutional, often with tiles on the walls and floor to make cleaning easier.
Things like this are what I find exciting these days. It says to me that the surrounding universe has a greater presence in our lives than we’d guess, and the implications are huge. How much do we take for granted? How much of the world isn’t originating from the world alone? In a way this seems somewhat obvious, yet, I’d never have guessed that oysters are synchronized with something that seems so distant and external. There’s so much left to learn and understand.
Normally I'd say it's not a big deal, but it looks like jQuery is barely being used here. It shouldn't be too hard to eliminate in this case.
I'll admit I initially thought Bard was a derogatory term, from the way they were using it in "The Witcher"...