skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"Current dollars" means nominal dollars. Inflation-adjusted data are called "constant dollars". The desired series are here

https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD

Over the 29 years 1960-1989, Botswana experienced the greatest growth at 11.6%/year, followed by South Korea at 9.6% and Singapore at 8.6%. World growth was 4.1%, and U.S. growth was 3.6%. The worst performer was Guyana at 0.6%. (This among only those countries with available data at the start and end years.)

The same comparison for the period 1990-2019 shows top performer Equatorial Guinea at 15.0%/year, followed by China at 9.5%. Singapore weighed in at 5.6%, the World at 2.8%, and the U.S. at 2.5%. Bottom performer was Ukraine at -1.4%, and second-worst was Georgia at 0.2%. Former bottom performer Guyana faired much better at 3.8%.

Population does not cause GDP. Adjusting for population will give a better idea of changes in living standards but won't explain the differences in economic growth.

Population density may be related to economic growth, and for this reason it may be misleading to compare Singapore, which is essentially a city-state, to nation-states.
Many of us have no problem with the idea of snaps, simply the implementation and forced preferences. If I wanted corporate policy shoved down my throat I'd simply use Windows. :D

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23772524
In my experience, CISC instruction sets are primarily a way to create compact representations of fairly long instruction words.

That arises from the way in which the register file, the ALU, the flags, and various counters (instruction, stack, Etc) are laid out in logic and the buses between them.

Something that I find really fun to do is to experiment with compute architectures. I first started playing around with this with an Altera DE2 board, then the Spartan III dev board from Xilinx, and these days with a Lattice Ice40K board (Icebreaker, and soon ULX3S board). There are a number of "soft" CPUs where you can play around with this to your hearts content (given you have enough gates in your FPGA, which is getting easier and easier these days).

CISC instructions are, as the name suggests, are simply "subroutine calls" or "macro calls" (depending you what era of computing you were introduced to) into an underlying machine that can move bits around each "clock". RISC is essentially making that level of instruction available directly to the compiler.

The most infamous version of exposing what is essentially microcode to the compiler was, in my opinion, the Itanium which has a really flexible native instruction set that the compiler mixed and matched into pseudo instructions which it used to compile code into. A more elegant version of this was the Xerox PARC "D" machines which allowed you to load an instruction set prior to booting into your actual applications. This made Mesa[1] development interesting because you needed the appropriate instruction set to go with the Mesa compiler you were using.

[1] Mesa was Xerox's modular development language that inspired Wirth's Modula 2 (I believe that was the ordering, Wirth might claim it went the other way)
> They will not admit it but they are anti-abortionists in their thinking and in their behavior.

Between BLM and COVID, neo-puritanism is in full swing.
The thing is, the countries which have chosen an unorthodox approach to handling this epidemic have by all indicators we can find, failed.

Just because there are alternative approaches, does not mean they have equal merit.
I actually like snap.

At the end of the day users like me matter.

I cannot find 1 decent pomodrone app for linux. I now have 2 of those from snap store.

I could not get that mycroft ai app to run for some reason. One in snap actually works.

Ya the startup time is noticeable but they work.

For intermediate like me and noob users its awesome.

Edit: also purple task is good to do list maker. So at the end of the day what ever attracts developer to make cool little app is a win for me.
That teenagers (and even younger ones) practically require phones these days to survive socially is not Apple's fault. That's a civilization level fuckup.
>Association Between Youth Smoking, Electronic Cigarette Use, and Coronavirus Disease 2019

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X2...
Fastai/Fastcore are fascinating in their emphasis on interactive computing in notebooks. I think that starting from the assumption that users will be

(a) primarily using the abstractions in this library interactively

(b) to do analysis, or experiment with many different implementations of similar functions

(c) in long-lived sessions where re-running to the same point may be expensive in time or compute, or impossible due dependence on cell execution order etc.

makes their design choices make more sense to me.

Lots of the functionality identified here sort of nice if you're in a traditional environment, but imperative if you're in (or writing for users in) a notebook environment. For example, the emphasis on preserving propagating signature information in function objects themselves makes sense if you're relying on `inspect` to provide IDE-like autocompletion. The emphasis on easy monkey-patching and psuedo-generics makes sense if you're interactively working with classes in modules you don't control, or can't cleanly reimport.

Not only that, fastai/fastcore themselves are written in Jupyter notebooks via their literate programming environment nbdev [1]!

I don't know that there's a point here beyond a bit of begrudging admiration for how far they've pushed the notebook platform. It makes for a library (and a Python) that looks and feels just a few degrees off-axis from much of the rest of the ecosystem...

[1]: https://nbdev.fast.ai
Anarchists in general are quite negative to the prison system and often believes in alternatives, or at the very least tries to come up with alternatives (hard as that might be).

That being said, there are certainly situations where people with anarchism (or anarchism-like) beliefs have essentially jailed people. For example YPG/YPJ forces in Rojava certainly took IS/ISIL forces they won over as prisoners.

PS: Never ever heard of an anarchist that thinks the US prison system is anywhere near of justifying itself though, but that's probably something all radical leftists agree on.
Are you telling me it's not a patchy server? http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/open_source_rewrite_hist...
If you're a tiling wm user, you might want to try out regolith linux. It's a i3wm desktop variant of Ubuntu (latest release based on 20.04 LTS) like Pop!_os, and I just checked, I don't have 'snap' installed.
That's not what this is. This runs on an always-on Mac and relays iMessages to and from your Android phone.
Interestingly enough he became politically active after India's defeat at the hands of Alexander the Great, and aided in creating an empire that unified the whole of India, which was unprecedented until then.
Maybe we're doing what we can, but I wish we were putting more effort into collecting data around mid to long-term effects and their likelihood because not knowing that makes it hard to make informed decisions.

My money is on this being between rare and uncommon because I'd expect to hear more specific reports on it. Widespread things surface a lot faster.
Your first statement is correct - a significant fraction of news articles are written by bots.
This is a common rhetorical tactic used by people with unpopular ideas. They imply that most people just "don't understand" and would be on their side if they would simply become more informed.

The reality, in my experience, is that most people simply aren't interested in thinking deeply about social organization on a regular basis; and, of the people who are, most of them already understand your ideas and will disagree with them if everyone involved has the maturity to actually debate the issue in depth and say what they mean. No, I am not whatever label you want to apply to me. I may agree with aspects of your philosophy, but I probably disagree with others. But the vast majority of these groups don't want to hear it, because like Orwell said, there is nothing more maddening than someone who listens calmly, shows they clearly understand your point of view, and disagrees.
Blockchain Interview Questions
The iPhone A series processors are better, yes, but everything else is worse.
What is Manjaro?
All sizable codebases eventually grow their own patterns & utils that have similar abstractions. I'd rather spend my time writing business logic than boilerplate.
Definitely going to check this out. Thank you!
Well, yes.

Experimenting on humans is unethical and (mostly) illegal.
I think because HN's audience is mostly US based there's a high level of bias towards democratic governments.

I think if we all take a look at it from a unbiased angle it's all really apples and oranges. A bad dictator is not so different from a democracy electing bad leaders and a good dictator is not so different from a democracy electing good leaders.

The thing with a democracy is that you have a lot of checks and balances so an elected bad leader can't do much damage... but then again an elected good leader can't do much good either.
Humans are social beings. An abstract concept that is named after its human creator establishes an immediate link to this person. My guess is that many people like this, because it adds a social dimension to otherwise "dry", technical papers.
Don't use or charge the device any more. https://www.reddit.com/r/spicypillows/ collects photos of those.
FTA:

”But as Daniels’s survey awaits the rigors of peer review, it has received scant attention, in part because Ohio State has refused to make public any testing data about its athletes”

So this is an unpublished, un-peer-reviewed paper where the data aren’t available. Basically, someone said something, and the New York Times reported it as fact. That’s simply incredibly irresponsible. So far we’ve seen one of these myocarditis scares debunked completely:

https://mobile.twitter.com/ProfDFrancis/status/1298499595056...

and just yesterday, the Penn State doctor had to apologize for admitting that the “30% of all athletes have myocarditis” headline he instigated was essentially hearsay:

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.nj.com/rutgersfootball/2020...

We should be very careful about extrapolating any sort of pre-publication data in this area.
Leslie Lamport described a writing system like this but I can’t find a reference.
Another example is Abelian groups, which should just be called commutative groups.

Though that example brings up a decent counterargument to the thesis: ”groups”, ”rings” and ”fields” all have descriptive names, but that doesn’t help a bit, they’re still mad confusing. They’d almost be easier to pick apart if they were named after people.
I tried.

For some reason I cannot run synaptic.

Removed debian that very second.
I studied math in foreign languages, sometimes names are different (French, Russian) and it never caused a problem (except for the first encounter).
You can remove existing snaps and disable snaps, because Linux. It's fairly quick and easy:

https://www.kevin-custer.com/blog/disabling-snaps-in-ubuntu-...
Dunno, but it sounds pretty shitty.
Hard disagree.

Once you get to the advanced levels of any field, terminology being "accessible" doesn't really matter, but being precise does.

Areas like philosophy and law actually suffer in my opinion when they overload common words with uncommon meanings, or descend into weird disambiguations that depend on suffixes.

For example, in philosophy there's "contractarianism" and "contractualism", and trying to remember which is the general term and which refers to a specific theory drives me nuts. (If "contractualism" were just known as "Scanlon's theory" it would be a lot easier.)

Naming things after their creator is actually super-helpful because it's really easy to disambiguate, helps situate things historically, and once you're at that level there often isn't a single unique word or phrase that can easily encapsulate the idea anyways and isn't easily confused with something else.
From linked article:

> Case studies also show MIS-C can strike seemingly healthy children without warning three or four weeks after asymptomatic infections, said Alvaro Moreira, MD, MSc, of The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. Dr. Moreira, a neonatologist, is an assistant professor of pediatrics in the university’s Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine.
Conventional wisdom in the literature is that about 10% of flu cases develop it. (one source: https://casereports.bmj.com/content/12/7/e228201?rss=1) I'm not aware of any rigorous data, because it's hard to detect.

It becomes problematic when the inflammation is unusually severe, although I believe that in practice it's just never diagnosed unless it's severe enough to impact your quality of life.
@delegate would be very neat if IDEs understood it. Unfortunately doesn't seem to be the case for pycharm.
I disagree. There are only few cases in which you can describe a mathematical concept with few meaningful words. Like this is the list of number types I could think of. If you don't know it, there is no benefit of knowing what it is called in English. Are rational numbers rational, and are imaginary numbers imaginary? Can the author come up with better name than this, I doubt so.

Rational numbers
Real numbers
Imaginary numbers
Complex numbers(including imaginary numbers)
Hypercomplex numbers
Hyper real numbers
Surreal numbers
What if an app needs python 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, or 3.6?

This is why we have semantic versioning. An app should be able to say it wants "python3>=3.3" with the expectation that any version 3.3 or later should not break its code.

Requiring specifically 3.6 would mean that the user inevitably has to install every version of 3.x at the same time to satisfy all the apps, along with "dist-packages" directory containing every library for every version of 3.x, and that would be a complete mess.

> It can exist in your /usr/bin in parallel with 3.7

Also, no. Installing python3=3.7 with apt will remove 3.8 and break or auto-uninstall all your python apps that actually want 3.8.

Sure, you can compile and install from scratch and have both coexist but that just breaks what everyone is arguing for in this thread (good dependency management without containerization).

But when the folks who package python don't cooperate, containerization is actually a really good workaround for this.
Microservices:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y8OnoxKotPQ [this is a link comedy video about microservice architectures, it should be safe for work except maybe for Uber employees]

This is how I feel every day in my new job, there are 3 (depreciated) ways to do everything, and the current way is never feature-complete.
Microcode instruction sets have different engineering trade-offs to the user-visible ISA. In microcode, memory bandwidth isn't such an issue so microcode instructions can be relatively wide (21 bits compared to 8 for the 8086).

The microcode can also be relatively difficult to write. For example, in the 8086 microcode I saw one place where there is a "DEC2 tmpc" microinstruction (subtract 2 from tmpc), then tmpc is loaded after that, after which the correct result is available (this makes sense when you think about how the ALU works on the chip, but in any normal ISA you have to load the values into the operands before you perform operations on them).

There's nothing in the 8086 microcode which creates any temporary undetermined states as far as I can tell but there may be combinations of microinstructions which could create a race condition.
You're currently in the comments section of a hacker news post of a source on the syndrome occurring weeks after infection.
Yeah, it's really funny how anarchism has this reputation for disorganisation. The anarchists I've met are super nerds about what is good democratic process going down to intricate details of how it all should be organised.

I guess there is probably also a big difference here between actual anarchists and people who merely sympathise with anarchism (like myself), possibly mainly because they have an anti-authoritarian inclination (which alone, an anarchist does not make).
Maybe I misinterpreted what the author is trying to say by using Conway as an example, but I don’t think Conway discovered the Monster group. He credits Fischer and Griess.

Conway just referred to it as a monster while corresponding with Fischer and the name stuck.
iPhones are popular, so old models are cheap. I've bought recently an unlocked iphone 7 for family member, it costs me $140. Device is fast and performance is more than enough for everyday tasks.

Still updating? Remember me any Android phone with 5 years support?

> Just buy an iPhone, problem solved. Just stay in debt to a major mobile carrier. Just keep upgrading. Just stay locked in.

Price comparison isn't so critical. Are you really need the latest pro model? Google privacy sucks 'cause ads pump - the main reason why I use iPhone and recommend it.

Another way still exists - play with Hackintosh & AirMessage.
There is a wide spectrum between a full-blown authoritarian state and anarchism. I'd argue that democracy in its various forms takes a large fraction of that spectrum. There is parliamentary democracy, semi-direct democracy like in the economically well-off Switzerland and direct democracy that is not in place at any state yet. Any serious summary about a form of politics will emphasize that certain preconditions on economy and society are necessary, otherwise it will not work. Example: after the UdSSR ended, there was parliamentary democracy and a free market economy. But it was incredibly unstable - now Russia is close to being an authoritarian state. China tried to prevent the same fault and instead opened only the economy in a first step.

That said, even for direct democracy things need to happen. A vast majority of the population would have to get informed about major political issues sufficiently well. Also there is not "the Anarchy", rather it's a mixed pool of in part incompatible theories, that can very well have democratic structures. I think there are good ideas, but obviously right now in 2020 nothing of this would work.
If you like this, you should really check out oVirt. It's the open upstream of RHV. It should look very familiar to you.

Red Hat obscure it a bit, presumably because there's very little difference from RHV (and might detract from sales), so the website is not so shiny. But play with it.
The author certainly likes the sound of her voice, doesn't she? Not to mention that AOL CDs are as relevant to today's surveillance-industrial complex and dark patterns as Monteverdi's Vespers.
Uh, nope?
Yep those are some big hands! It would be almost impossible to to get custom made, standards compliant gloves too I imagine.
Steele is the definition of "language lawyer". He knows programming languages. He has been part of ANSI C, Common Lisp, Scheme and Java language standardization.

He has coauthored "C: A Reference Manual", Common Lisp the Language, Performance Fortran Handbook, and The Java Language Specification.
And if you remove them from Facebook/Google/Twitter, they’ll still make their own side sites and keep spreading those things anyway (see: Reddit->Vote). The value of those things not being present in easy central entities is that it heavily limits their ability to easily spread.
> My understanding of semantic versioning is...

...irrelevant, I'm afraid.

Python doesn't use semantic versioning, so you can't really expect them to follow it. As GP insinuated, if you just pretend that 3.7 is 37, and 3.8 is 38, you'll pretty much be able to apply semver thinking, though.
I wasted hours with winamps themes, and the advanced visualization studio. I like to think I managed to create some half decent presets too.
> All one has to do is read a single article discussing law enforcement finding and preventing a bomb or a shooter to know that our laws are, in fact, preventing these scenarios

I don't find articles like this very often. I do find many articles of cia and fbi failure, of the nsa trampling constitutional freedoms, of tsa failing 98% of audits though.
Violence isn't necessary 99% of the time, but the fact that it's available that last 1% is why it isn't necessary the other 99%. Some people are absolutely willing to exploit kindness, spurn obligations, and break contracts, if they can.

The fact that there exists a system of consequences backed by violence is what makes people follow social rules. Maybe the community's punishment for vandalism is a fine, or some kind of public service; I'm only willing to pay that penalty because of the threat of state violence being used against me if I don't. I'm all for minimizing the use of violence to enforce social mores as much as possible, but if it's not available at all, we start running into problems enforcing the milder, non-violent social consequences which we strive to use 99% of the time.

If someone attacks someone else and is sent to rehabilitative counseling, how do we make sure they go? In order to enforce the humane response, a violent response needs to exist as a backup.
It's still in the background. Running a root daemon, spamming mounts and filesystem, whether you notice or not. Unsafe and obnoxious is not a good combination.

It's the same poor behavior that lead to the marginalization of Docker.
I find it hard to believe you've talked to any real anarchists, or at least listened to them. People like Noam Chomsky deal with that question extremely head on. Below is what I said on another comment...

> Absolutely no form of government or system (anarchist 1000% included) will solve the problem of people being selfish or bad, all that anarchists contend (that I have seen) is that when there isn't those built hierarchies bad/selfish people don't amass power so everyone else can actually handle them on equal terms.

> Considering how Epstein was able to morph the whole political landscape to defend himself for over a decade, uh, any alternative can seem pretty reasonable.

Like half the comments on this thread are variations of "well bad people exist" and it's maddening because bad people exist in this system! And they're extremely powerful! We 100% do not deal with them largely because of the systems that are in place.
Will fix! How embarrassing, I think this page has had that typo on it for like 8 years :)
In case you don't feel like clicking through...

"If working from home eliminated an hour of commuting, without changing time spent on work or reducing production, the result would be equivalent to a 13% increase in productivity (assuming a 38-hour working work)."

I have to admit I've wondered about that. I'm not sure this article answers any questions, but it's a good question.
Same, back to Debian because of it.
Ben Goertzel AI Mastermind, Founder SingularityNet
This has been going on forever.

Remember MSN vs. ICQ vs. AIM? And then apps like Trillian that just ran three accounts in the same UI.
You mean "C with Classes"?
The need to verify history applies to all cryptocurrencies, including account-based ones like Ethereum and XRP. You can assume the current state as valid and verify from there on, but then you're not a fully verifying node, and you risk being fooled by some peers presenting you with a made-up current state.
> I ended up having to re-do the Vm 3-4 times because I would inadvertently break something with a small tweak.

What virtualisation software were you using? Snapshots should have had you covered against breaking changes.

Thanks for the review.
So you want teenagers to no longer care about fitting in with their friends and having ways to talk to them?

What other human natures do you try to change?