skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
When I was young and dreamed of being a rock star^W^W entrepreneur I used to pay more attention to contract law.

It seems like everywhere from roommate, landlord, business, or partnership contracts, we seem to write down rules but not consequences or penalties. Oh you were supposed to pay rent or this invoice, but I can't make you do it? What's the point of contracts?

The time I owned property with someone, I at least had the foresight to add two clauses. Right of first refusal (obvious), and another clause that if either party were behind on payments the other party could trigger arbitration, and one of those outcomes could be to force a sale (then looping back to rule #1).

But the 'punishment' in this case is that one party loses their ownership, and the other party either has to cough up a ton of cash or lose it too. In this case I had decidedly more liquid assets so I had an idea how that might play out if things went south. But I'm sure there are a ton of things not covered, and really weren't suggested by the lawyers.

Whatever penalties exist for the lawyer leaving a huge surface area for litigation, those are pretty opaque for the rest of us and I think they like it that way. Capital L Law just seems like a giant conflict of interests straight out of the gate.
I can take a stab at it. I think what trips many new C people is the fact that include is just what it says on the tin, include. You can put anything in there and it is subject to the pre-processor. Many books/faqs/stackoverflow/videos however implicitly tie library include and headers together. So the idea that include means include this library comes somewhat from that. It tripped me up some 27+ years ago when I started on C. The actual include a library comes from a different part of the system, the linker. The includes just handily have the bits needed to have the external references to it so the linker knows what to do. You do not need them in the include to do that. Since they were including those they usually have predefined bits in there.

Like you say pythons import is a different beast and it can run code at runtime when it comes across that statement. Some training is not clear on that. Like you point out import does not just import the file it runs the thing. If the file only contains def's then it effectively just defines a bunch of functions/objects and does nothing else But it can. C is not like that. It is more copy the whole file here and apply the current state of pre-processor rules.
> You know what I don't get? There is no penalty for violating the highest law of the land (the constitution). How is it anymore than a suggestion or a guidline if government officials are not punished for violating it? And that is exactly how lae enforcement and intelligence community treat it.

It's because it can't reasonably work like that. At a certain point, defining punishments is moot, because there's no higher authority to appeal to for enforcement. If the Constitution says "Congress shall make no law..." and Congress still makes a law, what are you going to do, throw Congress in jail? That's nonsense. The Constitution, for the most part, just states norms and procedures that the the country and government have decided to follow voluntarily, not because some authority will punish it if it doesn't.

> The US constitution needs lots of updates but this maybe the most important item -- manadatory prison terms for anyone acting on behalf of government who is found violating the bill of rights or any restriction set by articles of the constitution.

That might actually be unconstitutional ex-post-facto punishment. Many violations of the Constitution or Bill of Rights aren't clear until some court case interprets some action as not being in compliance. Would you have every county clerk that ever denied a same-sex marriage license or defined procedures to do so go to jail after Obergefell v. Hodges?
It's a little arrogant to think we can't determine what is needed to create a nutritionally balanced human.

Hence why we can estimate Daily Recommended Intake; for example this nutritional profile
https://www.completefoods.co/diy/nutrient-profiles/51e4e6ca7...
which would give you the mix of vitamins and minerals and carbs and fats you need.

From there, you can mix up your ingredients sourced from https://www.completefoods.co/diy/ingredients or buy it from a company https://soylent.com/products/powder-original (not affiliated but I have bought some at one point.)

Now, you can tell me it's "not real food". It's a No True Scotsman fallacy, but if anything, sure. I agree. It's not a burger. But it is edible and it will sustain you for possibly weeks to months. A few people on the internet said they've done it.

I've eaten Soylent. It's ok. Can't say I'd want to eat it every day of my life but I have had moments where I was busy or not interested in cooking -- and then, for those cases, I imagine a carefully engineered Soylent will give you a more balanced diet than the Taco Bell I got in a hurry because I was hungry and didn't have time / want to cook.

Now if you think scientists who spent a decade or more of their life studying nutrition either for a civilian or military purpose are morons, then fine, have that opinion.

But I think processed food is a nicer option to have than no food, if I needed to feed my family and had very little money. Soylent clocks in at $1.82/meal. Now I won't deny you might be able to make beans and rice for cheaper than that, but Soylent looks like a nice, balanced, cost-effective option compared to spending $20 at a restaurant.
one that grows by 256 character increments until the infiltration is done and the resulting Kbytes of script/code is executed.
Are you suggesting that the banana-taped-to-a-wall[0] wasn't a seminal work in the evolution of fruit art?

[0]https://www.cnn.com/style/article/banana-artwork-eaten-scli-...
You're absoutley right, but as the answer in your link points out, those laws are still enforced by some other means in most cases. My point was, obeying the most important laws of the land should not be left to the good will of government employees, if laws are to have penalties, is it not reasonable for the most important law to have the highest penalties?
Gertrude Elion's “antiviral odyssey”
B. Also it's named "Lahta" by the region where their office is .
Not too interesting for those interested in high performance desktop and server offerings. The fact that Intel's only new releases on 10nm are <=6 core low power products suggests their yields are still poor.

AMD did a really smart thing with their processor designs. Instead of doing a large monolithic multiprocessor like Intel (which may be able to eek out some extra performance due to optimized wire placements), they use smaller chiplets. This results in requiring no manufacturing errors on a much smaller area of the die (which becomes exponentially less probable as the area increases). Even if AMD was using Intel's 10nm process, their yields would be better because of their modular designs that get soldered together after the lithography. Intel can still bin out some errors (the 10300-10900k are all the same chip with different parts turned off due to manufacturing errors), but the less modular design likely makes this less efficient.

That's my understanding, anyway -- correct me if I'm wrong.
Tried to find what you are talking about. Turned up a lot of political meme's basically saying vote for Trump, because democrats tried blocking the VA Mission Act. Looked up the actual vote counts and it passed successfully with strong bipartisan support in both the house and senate [1]. Are you referring to something else?

[1]: https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/senate-bill/237...
In addition, there are things that just don't need to be separate classes, they should be static methods or constructor options of an existing class.

I very much like the Pythonic paradigm of conciseness, e.g. PIL.Image.open() or cv2.imread() with optional arguments which is light-years more pleasant to code with than the BitmapFactories and BitmapFactory.Options and AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBeans.

It's also really nice that Python and JavaScript classes/objects can have arbitrary attributes stuck onto them, e.g. someObject.__source = "foo" or set and that sticks to someObject wherever it goes. It's a very intuitive way to implement a lot of things; one can liken it to sticking a post-it note on a box.
There have been cases in the US where police seized families homes after underage dependents were caught selling trivial amounts of pot to friends without the parents being aware.

Please explain to me how I can legally protect my house in this case.

- If I'm not aware my kid is selling a dimebag to his friends then I'm not complicit in it, but I might still lose my house.

- If I am aware of it and take steps to prevent it, but my kid flaunts the rules and punishments I might still lose my house.

- If I kick my son out on the street as soon he's old enough to walk and talk just in case he may do this in the future, CPS will have some harsh words with me and I might still lose my house.

The point of articles like this is that it's not fair and it should be overturned. Claiming that it's standard like that is taking a stance in support of it, despite it being unfair.
I think you misunderstood my point and I don't see any contradiction.

I am saying that the general public is not very offended by "courtesy cards" because they think the law is bad to begin with.

If I don't think speeding and jaywalking should be a crime, I certainly don't care about people using cards to get off the hook for these crimes.

I see this as a separate issue from police brutality, confiscation, ect.
The Most Impactful Full Stack Developer Resume Samples
> What's the difference between mutating state on the inside and hiding state on the inside? Aren't they practically the same?

You can mutate state on the inside, but still provide a "pure" mathematical function on the outside. For example, a root finding solver. The general problem/feature with objects, is that when a method returns, the object may be in a different state (and often is). Such state changes are hidden but not "encapsulated" as they still contribute to the global state of your application. In other words, the global variables are still there, you've just organised them into modules.
The baker isn’t in charge of enforcing laws. Nor is the baker given a gun by the state with the expectation of using it.

There is a big, bright line between “favors for valued customers” and “corruption”.
The overwhelming majority of students who go to college never see the inside of a lab - unless they need to stop by the 'computer lab' to print something off.

Most people, as it turns out, don't pursue technical degrees. Fewer than 10% of degrees are in STEM fields, with another ~10% being in a medicine-adjacent field.

The number of undegraduates who actually go on to do meaningful, novel, work in a lab (As opposed to just using a facility for a few hours, in order to pass a course) is even smaller than that.
This sort of comment makes me wish I had a dog and I was drinking coffee or beer so I could say something like:

"Ha! This comment just made me spurt my coffee all over the dog!"

You mean to say a politician is on record having made a promise, and you believe them?

Because that doesn't seem like an argument anyone would intentionally want to make.
This can make decent ambience for D&D, before the game starts at least. Sometimes in game as well in a tavern or some such place.
"How can any patriotic American read something like this and not at least start to wonder what happened to this country?"

Because patriotism in America originates from fear, not from love for the country.

Much like in China where people dare not say anything critical of the government to their peers because they worry that their peers will see them as traitors and they'll be shun from society; when everybody thinks like that then nobody dares to speak their mind and talk about issues honestly.

So in America the patriotism and "love" for the country is expressed through various mantras such as "thank you for your service", saluting passing fighter jets, hanging American flags on every occasion and the unconditional support for suspicious budgets and laws of all sorts and war orgies orchestrated by the corporate government; many people I would argue don't actually support any of that but if they were to speak up, they would be seen as un-American which is the worst crime you can possibly commit living in America.
Not parent commenter, but Ghost is a pretty great way to “own your stack” - custom domain, software is open-source, supports paid memberships, and it can send blog posts as newsletters. (No association with Ghost either - just a happy user)

I wrote a blog post on how to accomplish a Stratechery-style newsletter/blog with paid memberships on my blog[1] — you can hook into Zapier so there’s lots of opportunity to build a full community around Ghost’s built-in membership system, in case you want to send Slack invites, add them to a Mailchimp newsletter, etc.

[1]: https://www.mailinglisthackers.com/creating-a-member-support...
Is there any work currently happening on this. I think this would be huge for many languages so we can finally graduate past the era of C ABI.
Will Clapper's perjury ever be punished?
Why isn't this a concern for publishing CEO salaries? Arguably this is a huge reason CEO salaries have skyrocketed in comparison to non-executive comp. I think everyone should be on the same level playing field in terms of access to information. So if CEOs have their salaries published, then publish those for workers. If workers don't have their salaries published then CEOs shouldn't either.
I agree and want to add that bad traffic laws can even cause more injury and death. There's research on speed limits that shows that they don't influence actual speeds all that much, people generally drive at what they think is a reasonable speed[0] regardless. But some people do follow them very strictly.

So on roads with speed limits that are far too low you get people driving together at very different speeds, which results in more accidents.

[0] I can't find the source right now but IIRC in one of the experiments they increased the speed limit by 5 mph on a highway, but the speeds driven only increased by 1 mph.
> This will only hurt employee salaries. If all salaries were public, there would be no negotiating and they it would make them based on position rather than individual (IE: the lowest it can possibly be).

Companies don't just give great negotiators whatever number they want. They know how much they're willing to pay for a certain role. I've failed to hire people because they wouldn't take what HR would let me pay. Sucks, but those are existing company problems.

How is making salary numbers public going to change that? They'll still need to find someone to do that job, and if they publish too low a number they won't be able to hire the people capable of doing the job.

When you say in a later post that you made 40% more in your first-out-of-college job compared to a colleague due to your "experience and negotiating skills," I'm skeptical of the "experience" aspect since it was your first job. So I'm all for things that in that case would have put you two both making exactly the same amount. And then if your on-the-job skills are better, yours will go up faster; if they aren't, you aren't getting overpaid just for being better at an unrelated skill set.
> Modules don't, in most languages, have instances. You get one set of data. Bundling data with functions is way better than global data.

Modules usually have data types that can be instantiated via functions/procedures in the module that let you avoid global data. They don't have to have data fields in them that are changed directly by the procedures (giving you, effectively, singletons).
Ask HN: Does this AI-marketplace startup have a viable business model?
GenesisAI is raising money through a crowdfunding campaign[1] and notably, only three months after raising $908k from a different crowdfunding platform[2].

The founder is telling investors the "revenue target for 2024 is $100M and $200M for 2025."

Can any AI/ML experts comment on their stated business model(s) below and if you believe it is viable $200m business based on a 30% marketplace fee?

- “We would like to lay a foundation for the creation of Artificial General Intelligence and smash the current oligopolistic system of a few large companies basically owning all the AI.”

- "Bringing AIs from all around the world to defeat COVID and get humanity back on track."

- "A global AI network that just works"

- "GenesisAI is a Machine Learning protocol. On top of this protocol, we are building a marketplace for AI products and services - an Amazon for AI services. The marketplace, which includes a built-in reputation system, connects companies in need of AI services, data, and models with companies interested in monetizing their AI tech. Initially, GenesisAI is focused on asset management space and recently entered the healthcare sector."

(all quotes from the NetCapital link)

[1] https://netcapital.com/companies/genesisai

[2] https://wefunder.com/genesis.ai
The misnamed Visitor pattern does exactly this: decouple the operations on a polymorphic object structure from the implementation of the structure. It can be used in a way similar to FP-style pattern matching (although with more boilerplate), but is more flexible because the implementations accepting a Visitor are not coupled to the constructors of a data structure (e.g., a DAG object could accept a tree visitor, or vise versa). It would be interesting to have a language that provides convenient syntactic sugar for the visitor pattern.

EDIT: Just to clarify: The visitor pattern is usually presented in the context of "visiting" nodes in a recursive traversal. But the pattern is actually independent from the "traversal" use case. Its essence is really just the "switching", or case distinction, over an algebraic sum-like type (or over a type that provides a sum type view of itself).
Why would they use п instead of n and г instead of r in the images? It's an awful font for the cyrillic readers.
>They aren't idiots
Petrov and Boshirov with very similar travel documents and a lot of different evidences aren't idiots?
example of that! https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19916205
> I also don’t know why people think it makes more sense to divert police resources away from where crimes are happening.

Because so many people who live in those communities consistently continue to say they both fear and distrust the police as the police exist today.

And because people in those communities continually say they need other forms of resources and support from our society - mainly a real path for economic opportunity, but also affordable healthy food (google food deserts), etc - and they understandably are pissed that as a society we’ll police the heck out of poor, mostly black neighborhoods, but not make sustained investments to help those communities the same way that our society does many (not all! mainly the wealthy ones) white neighborhoods.

I don’t think anyone actually wants lawlessness. People want the opposite. They want equality under the law, and for the police to be held legally responsible for when they break it, in one of worst ways possible - by killing.
> You can get a decent house for 1mm

How are you going to afford a million dollar house on any but the top of these salaries?
Polling in developed democracies has errors of a few percentage points, even with extensive work done to improve the accuracy of the results, correct for various sampling biases, etc. What do you think the error bars of a poll in an authoritarian country are, especially one that asks 'Do you like the authoritarian leader'.

As to Crimea, plenty of Russians believe Crimea is Russian, including Navalny - the Russian opposition is neither monolithic nor does it always represent views that in lock-step with Western ones.
Not stock options -- actual vested stock grants.
Collectivism always helps those below the median and harms those above the median in whatever metric you are trying to mediate via collectivism.

Collectivism is typically preferred by people below median in whatever metric you are considering.
The issue people have with “meritocracy” is because they can only think in black and white, no grays.

Society is made up of humans and humans do unfair things. That doesn’t mean that tech companies aren’t generally meritocracies.
Like many others have pointed out I don't think OOP is universally hated. That aside I think the flavour of OOP that is unwieldy is predominantly statically typed OO languages like Java.

I've always liked Smalltalk's philosophy on many things and a key feature of its idea of OO is dynamism and 'late binding of all things'. Popular OO languages like Ruby or Python borrow heavily from Smalltalk and they're great to use and very popular.

It's the combination of static typing and OO I think that leaves a bad taste when it comes to OOP, and I think that's also reflected in newer languages. A lot of younger statically typed languages like Rust or Go seem to have ditched the OO paradigm, and embraced FP.
> I think it’s meant as a “check” on the judicial branch - if the head of the executive isn’t okay with the judicial branch’s dicision.

It's also a check of the legislative branch. If someone's convicted under an unjust law, a pardon can restore justice.

IIRC, appealing to the leader for justice has a long history that predates the US Constitution. IIRC, such appeals have been an important safety valve, and the formalization of the leader's responses have resulted in whole new bodies of law (e.g. Equity came from the King attempting to correct deficiencies in the Common Law in cases that were appealed to him, then delegating the implementation and processing the appeals made to him to members of his court).
thanks for the genre tip!

drum & bugle metal: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=td3c5rNFLew

too far inland to be pirates? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGko10RIGtY
> But Craigstarter makes a good point - > if you already have a community built up, and have communication channels in place (via a newsletter, for example), and already run an online shop, then Kickstarter can be unnecessarily cumbersome.

I think the above mainly applies for projects that are looking for minimum viable funding (for example, to fulfill a minimum order quantity).

For projects that are looking to sell as much as possible, Kickstarter's value comes from the discovery they provide, including them emailing a user's followers whenever the user backs something.
I agree with you. What language are you doing this in?
>If it is on a server (For example, a side project instance in AWS), then I drop it into S3 bucket, export it and send the URL to the recipient. I just eat the cost of them downloading it. Usually I am making money off the work anyways, so it is the cost of doing business.

Consider BunnyCDN way cheaper than s3.
Sort isn't a great example because its presumably only looking at public fields of the elements only and could be functional. However, Arrays in ruby grow so they presumably have private fields and manage their own internal state. This is what the parent was referring to.
What is "unexpected mass"?

Where I'm from, "falls and scrapes" are generally self-medicated with water and peroxide and don't need engagement with the medical care system unless something's broken. When I was in school, most of the minor accidents were handled just fine by the teachers.
Is this Spivak related to the author of the famous Calculus book?