skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yeah, my apologies. You're indeed correct.

I was incorrectly assuming that all NATs dynamically assign a new external port per destination IP-port tuple. As this is what I've observed in practice.

However, it looks as though many believe this only occurs for Symmetric NATs, and never Cone NATs. It seems the common terminology just isn't nuanced enough to explain what's really going on. Wikipedia[1] actually has an interesting paragraph regarding terminology:

> Many NAT implementations combine these types, and it is, therefore, better to refer to specific individual NAT behaviors instead of using the Cone/Symmetric terminology. RFC 4787 attempts to alleviate confusion by introducing standardized terminology for observed behaviors. [...] Specifically, most NATs combine symmetric NAT for outgoing connections with static port mapping, where incoming packets addressed to the external address and port are redirected to a specific internal address and port.

The CGNATs I've encountered, which perhaps aren't representative, are mobile network CGNATs. By observation they were behaving like Restricted (either Address or Port) Cone NATs for inbound packets, but like Symmetric NATs for outbound packets. Hence, the source of my confusion in believing all Cone NATs exhibited this behaviour.

EDIT: I'm admittedly poor with the terminology as it's been years since I read the RFCs. I was only now able to express the above after doing a lot of refresher reading. I was coming at this based on experience implementing custom UDP P2P protocols, where I mostly just care about the worst case scenario; and had evidently assumed it more common than it is.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation#Me...
Selected schools in Uganda to showcase how to improve education using innovation
> The issue is the company founders, not the VCs.

The issue is the veneer behind these IoT, Social media, Internet time wasters, and occasional productivity boosters are wearing off.

There is no competition (less VC money) to serve the community better and the real reason for these companies existing remains bare. All they want to do is monitor you, manipulate you, get your money, and kill your productivity.

The user always will lose outside of the occasional paragdim shift or productivity boost. As it stands now there is no vision to change existing platforms thus in this age the user will always lose.

There is no reason to contribute anything to the online sphere (outside of technical areas) as it is like pissing in the wind.
>we would not need passwords

Hahahaha. You don't really think that all "hackers" are literally psychopaths do you? That's rather an amazing way to view the world, to be honest. Does it make it easier to go to sleep at night to attribute insanity to everyone who does anything you disagree with?
Interesting, I didn't know that about the X. Regardless, why would I buy then jailbreak a 2 year old phone when I could just buy the latest Android and sideload and add adblockers without even rooting it?
Do you not wipe your computer peripherals from time to time?
As long a group does not try to conquer another and everyone is free to change groups, there's no problems with it.
They lost me in the first paragraph with:

“Anarchists are simply people who believe human beings are capable of behaving in a reasonable fashion without having to be forced to. It is really a very simple notion.”

Having dealt with the dark side of humanity, there are lots of people who will not behave reasonably if left unchecked, due to one reason or another.

And there are a lot of these people. Some of them lifelong criminals, some of them even your friendly neighbor that keeps his yard looking really nice.

So you need a system of checks. You need some sort of enforcement arm that apprehend and deals violence to these people. You need some place, away from society, to secure these people. And now, you’ve more or less reinvented the current structure.

Whether we like it or not, violence is the foundation upon which society ultimately sits. The threat of violence keeps everyone inline. If you resist each step of the law, ultimately, you will be dealt violence.

You may choose to be a pacifist, and that is somewhat admirable, but you’ve really chosen to outsource the violence required to survive to other parties. Society provides us a useful curtain that covers the horror of nature’s rules.
The point of distros like Ubuntu is to avoid having to compile major programs from scratch. If I wanted to compile chromium to get bleeding edge support, why even use Ubuntu?
Open source never had any principles. Open source is just a libertarian hijack of free software to ensure that it is accessible to companies without any legal issues.
I've been all over the world, Singapore is my all-time favourite place to visit. It's too bad that it's so expensive though - especially housing, else I'd seriously consider living there.

If you haven't been, you're missing out
Turing proved that the only difference between any two computers is how easy they are to program and how fast they run. All computers are functionality equivalent in that every computer that can be made can solve all the same problems as any other computer which has ever (or can ever) be made.

So, in that sense, yes. VMS was more elegant than Unix because its design, syntax, and documentation made it easier and faster for users to grok and complete their tasks. As far as how fast or well the programs run, that's all about implementation details.
Goodwill should do this as a trial in cities to see if it works: Maybe it's a less "friction" way to have customers more easily donate.
Pointing out that RMS harassed women doesn't also mean that those other things aren't bad, and that line of reasoning along with your flippant remarks about very real problems facing women in tech show your true colors.
> you still need to form anarchist governments and institutions

???

> Anarchy is the state of a society being freely constituted without authorities or a governing body.
How to level up your career
Eliminate the need for global state in React by using SWR
I'd say it was all stand-in charges under the pressurized internet of today.
There’s precedent for human beings cooperating on matters like this to, say, prevent overfishing.

What makes you think such coordination would be impossible in the absence of a hierarchy that boils down to “obey these rules or we’ll put a gun in your face”? Most humans are reasonable and cooperative.
My bad; hadn't parent'ed enough, and the "using different methods than GET" clarification would not have been anachronistic even in the previous century.
The main detail I remember from that book is that credit card companies would track whoever you dined with at a restaurant and then serve you ads featuring computer-generated people who resembled those people to manipulate you into trust. Pretty ahead of its time for 1994!
> If your colleague were to take time off to deal with a severe physical or mental health issue, would you have the same complaints about not getting an immediate increase in compensation for picking up some extra work or also not being able to take time off?

I don't know how it works in the US, but where I live the extended sick leave would be paid by the government, which would leave the company with funds to find a temporary replacement or increase compensation for people who pick up the slack.

Indeed, I think it would be a terrible and absurd system if the company had to continue paying the person on extended sick leave.
It's certainly selfish of them to be resentful but humans are selfish to some degree by nature. I do see why childless people are resentful. [note: I'm the parent of a small kid]

This same problem exists with every preferential policy (group policies, welfare, etc.) -- if society doesn't agree on the difficulties encountered by X group (or worse, sees people cheating the system in some way [1]), resentment triggers AND work productivity drops. See also problems with communism.

> would not be scoring employees on job performance for the first half of 2020 because there was “so much change in our lives and our work.”

This gets.. a bit problematic, as it is reducing the incentive for the people who did put a lot in. While the article notes everyone gets a higher bonus, it's unclear if this can result in promotions not happening for people who worked more hours during H1 -- that would trigger lots of resentment if it's the case. A more middle-ground approach might be setting a floor to ensure no one gets fired over weak productivity during covid, but still nonetheless rewarding those who put in more work time.

There's also a deeper question of whether it is the state's responsibility to cover parental leave or individual companies. Most other parents with this predicament had to rely on the state (take unpaid leave - and collect UI)

[1] Anecdotally, I have known people taking long paternity leave to use the time as much for childcare as to figure out their next start-up.
Jaynes should have known about the Kochen-Specker theorem [0][1]. I imagine that he thought it was, since it came along with Bell's theorem, simply a corollary or remark. But I think he was wrong to be so confident in the ontic nature of reality.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kochen%E2%80%93Specker_theorem

[1] https://plus.maths.org/content/proof-kochen-specker-theorem
I just read through a good chunk of this, hoping it'd be a good resource.

There's a lot of good stuff in here:

- Higher level than a spec, but still detailed.

- He outlines the anatomy of an HTTP request and gives examples.

- Lots of good suggestions of conventions and rules of thumb, e.g. for URL structure and naming.

- Good demonstration of why using fitting HTTP verbs is important. Explains idempotent and safe.

On the flip side, his ethos isn't the best at points, he presents some subjective takes as fact, and even includes some plain errors against the specification.

For example:

- JSON keys should be snake cased, or camelCased "if you're one of _those_ people". (I'm a snake case guy, but really?)

- Return a 400 if there are any problems with the request. (400 explicitly means request body can't be parsed, e.g. syntax error in your JSON. The spec isn't perfect, but 422 is often more fitting if the consumer input didn't pass validation. Either way 400 clearly violates the spec.)

- He misses the nuance of what PUT is in the spec. You're saying "store this resource at this URL". Not technically update. Although in practice it's usually update, and I'm sure this point will be viewed as pedantic by many.

Overall a decent resource, but take it with a grain of salt.
One of the instructors, Grant Sanderson, is known as being the person behind the famous "3blue1brown" Youtube channel.
This reminds me of David Chalmers' 'Does a Rock Implement Every Finite-State Automaton'? http://consc.net/papers/rock.html
Money is just a concept. Whether that's governement issued legal tender, gold, cigarettes or coffee beans doesn't really matter. Silver coins were in use long before governments started stamping them.
I guess we have to disagree here. Software is much more flexible than a building. People have been trying to draw these construction work - software analogies forever now, and it is just bullocks. Making a building is a solved problem. Most interesting software isn't a solved problem, otherwise you wouldn't need that software in the first place. Now is it for Microsoft a good idea to make their Office software accessible? For sure. Is it for me a good idea to make the software I write accessible? What does that even mean in the various contexts? It's not like you add an elevator and an extra bathroom and you are good. Will I be getting paid for the huge amount of extra work I need to do to produce something that's truly accessible and not just a lip service?
I mailed Nintendo for a dragon quest puzzle and they wrote back. Was great.
Possibly, but I'd think 10 years as a minimum.

Another option for you: increase renewal fees proportional to revenue (or simply exponentially). The patent deal is a balance between private and public interests, weigh towards public interests with a bigger share of the proceeds.
Hey thanks for pointing this out! Still new to this, definitely a huge mistake. Will correct moving forward!
The Stack Monoid
So what would happen to farming? Same like in Simbabwe? People were encouraged to take over farms, but somehow these people choose not to be productive; Simbabwe went from beiing the Cornchamber of Africa to famine.
TIL! I never knew about this, and I've been using these mice for about three-quarters of my life!
> In an organized society a psychopath can kill a few in a murder spree. In an unorganized society the psychopath can gather and organize a lot of thugs to loot and burn millions of homes. Has happened many times in history. I know which one I prefer.

I think this should be re-examined through the view of the ~1 million Iraqis recently murdered by one such “organized society”.

I don’t think the (violence-based) organization has the set of benefits you think it does.
Why the stock market tumbled last week and what's ahead for Wall Street
The downvotes could also mean you should do some self-reflection. It's possible you don't realize you're espousing offensive views. And before you go "zomg I've triggered the snowflakes!", there's nothing wrong with holding these views in the abstract, but they do suggest that perhaps these ideas might drive you to very real actions that aren't particularly helpful for society.
>> This is sort of like the Boltzmann brain idea but even worse because it applies to any set of relations. According to Egan’s argument all possible experiences that can be computed by any sufficiently complex set of relations are in fact computed by them.

> This idea seems identical to the Boltzmann brain hypothesis and I don't understand how this paragraph differentiates it at all.

I don't claim to totally understand this, but my impression is "Dust Theory" implies that the mind is more frequently simulated than in "Boltzmann brain" theory. IIRC, the latter imagines a literally brain being formed briefly out of matter.
That's actually a pretty good list. China, Venezuela, Cuba, and Saudi Arabia aren't members any more.
This has everything to do with computation, because the mind is just software running on a funny kind of computer. In the novel, many people have had their minds uploaded into regular electrical computers as well, though they're generally not able to run in real time.

That's not a counter, because it's just what I said. We all have a subjective inner experience. The premise of the novel is that this subjective inner experience is both necessary and sufficient for immortality. The story is an exploration of solipsism, though most of the characters in it choose to take people with them rather than to exist in immortal isolation.
And upstart. And Mir.
Thanks, it's great to know that I can use PyTorch AMP for mixed precision training, I was following NVIDIA's documentation, and this wasn't explained.
Goldman Sachs joins syndicate for Ant IPO of up to $30B: Sources
> World-class opsec. I mean, c'mon. We're still left to folk-theory and superstitions about who Satoshi could be. Never let his guard down.

Unless he was found after all and made an offer he couldn’t refuse.
who do you mean with "our"? where I live there are a lot of family owned businesses who export worldwide and often the owner of the business has worked there in his younger years and only inherited (not sure if that's the right word) the business after the original owner died/retired.
They aren't resentful of someone else for having it better. They're resentful that people who consider children the most meaningful thing in their own lives evidently "selfishly ignored* the impact of the pandemic on the lives of people who had no choice but to put meaning in things other than children. Most of which was stripped away months ago and may not be back for a long time, by the way.

We're all in this together. Failure to sympathize with childfree people is a problem. Resentment for that failing is not.
The part I don't understand about this, which is the same as the part I don't understand about dust theory, is that it seems to ignore the distinction between an abstract representation of an object and the object itself.

By the logic of dust theory, I can walk into a bank and say "give me the money, or else I'll throw this handful of sand into the air, and it might encode a universe where you're tortured for a billion years!"
If you are the information though then you have retrieved it.
> Capitalism is fundamentally built on competition, it pits all participants against one another.

Life is built on competition, life pits all participants against one another. Resources are not infinite.
Adults can work more and be more productive if they don’t have to take care of children
Just by chance, I happened to try to explain the dust theory to a completely uninterested subject today over lunch :)

I tried to make it as brief as possible like this: some people believe mathematical truths are necessary and therefore that they exist independently of us discovering them. For example, the entire set of theorems that can be proven from a given set of axioms is already there in the axioms themselves- our calculations are a process of discovery, not of creation. Or to make another example, all the decimal digits of PI "exist", independently of us running the calculations that make them knowable to us.

But suppose we had a function that produces the succession of discrete states of a self-conscious mind (for example, a detailed description of the state of each neuron at any given microsecond). How does the act of actually calculating the values of the function- discovering them- affect the self-perception of that mind? Does it really care if someone is running the calculation?

There is a fun anecdote in Permutation City: the story of an old misanthrope who, nearing death, orders the creation of a digital copy of himself immersed in a simulated world; however, having no desire to communicate with the outside world, he asks for the simulation not to have any inputs or outputs. The algorithm is built, but once it's passed through an automated code optimizer, the optimizer spits out nothing: because a calculation that makes its results known to no-one is empty!
> I recently finished a project for a Microsoft shop, using Postgres, RabbitMQ, Linux and dotnet Core.

Hm, I see - that sounds like they're already very far on the journey out of the Microsoft ecosystem.

I personally haven't seen a company like that, only ones heading further into "1st party Azure services" lock-in.
Can you configure your debugger to include it? I'd rather do that than modify production code to include a debugging tool.
Is that the one that had hundreds of pages of monks hanging around at the beginning? I got bored and couldn't make it through
The groupthink in current mainstream media wouldn't allow it so they launched a smear campaign to get him kicked out and the board that controls FSF probably convinced him to move on. It's not okay speak against the radical left these days, if you do you're a nazi gun toting alt right person. Whereas I'm actually none of the above and a moderate democrat.
Would you consider this to be a spoiler for the book? I've not read my copy yet.
And yet I might be a real imposter %)
Complete outsider guess : Airtable.
Removing the Middleman in Funding Distribution of FOSS
Power. A huge amount of work is done in the browser. If you control what browser people use then you control how they use it and how developers program for it.

In the late 90's and early 2000's Internet Explore basically defined web standards. Once Microsoft decided on a new feature it became a strong candidate to be a new standard. It didn't always become a standard but developers were force to adapt their web pages to make sure they worked properly on IE. They want that power back.
I think the last time the startup issue came up on HN we concluded it was because they are mounting a squashfs filesystem image that was created with the compression turned up to 11, and not using the kind of compression algorithm that is only slow on compression. That and the general terribleness of squashfs.

Now keep in mind we can't blame squashfs here. It was developed for use on <16 MiB large NOR flash chips for embedded devices likely connected over SPI - the underlying flash and interface is so unbelievably slow that no amount of compression or terrible kernel code would ever start showing up in some kind of benchmark. Using it on super fast desktop machines with storage that rivals RAM bandwidth and latency is just the opposite of what it was developed for.
> Note that if you install any web browser, Windows will do this.

I guess the main difference between this Edge install and any other browser is that only Edge gets an automatic placement in the bottom taskbar, next to the start button. No other browser I installed have ended up there automatically.
The most acute problem here is for parents with children age 2-5 getting hit when daycares shut down.

Older kids can do online classes on their own somewhat; younger kids? nope.
>I really hope you aren't about to suggest the soviet union, that would be silly, considering it had a state, social classes, currency, and no general ownership of the means of production, and therefore wasn't communism.

Y'know, this is a fair point for a philosophical conversation.

It's a terrible point in a conversation about deciding how to actually organize society, however. You can't ultimately know what people's intentions are before the fact. How other people who claimed to have the same ideology behaved once they gained power is inherently relevant.

Let's turn this around for a second. Let's say someone comes to you and says "Hitler got fascism totally wrong". It's actually a really great ideology that Hitler violated by doing X, Y, and Z. Would you give this person power in the real world?
AI is still quite limited but improving at a decent pace. Look forward to more intelligent game AIs and possible auto-pilot on cars, and stuff that might seem far-fetched today.
Doesn't "because" say they knew why. If it just said "which" instead of because then I'd agree with you.

Perhaps there was some mediaeval theory relating lime and pestilence?
> These were interesting, educated, intelligent, thoughtful and passionate people

> there is really an underlying snobbery about it

These contrast very interestingly, but I think it's missing an important point. The early internet was characterized by complete freedom of association. You could talk about whatever, with whomever. If enough people shared an interest, a community could form.

The problem with the modern internet isn't that the filthy plebs are using it - it's that all of the content suggestion algorithms, clickbait articles, and advertising are designed for maximum engagement. It's no longer what groups of "interesting, educated, intelligent, thoughtful and passionate people" collectively put forward, without an ulterior financial incentive, that determines what content people see. I think that's the ultimate issue - it's not that low quality content proliferates, it's that there are few if any ways of finding high-quality content among all the crap.

It's one of the main reasons I read Hacker News - it's an excellent content filter.
I think the main criticism is that centralizing the “legitimate” use of force to, as you say, “keep everyone in line”, is that you get all of the downsides of a violence-based society, and none of the upsides of freedom: such societies still enslave, torture, steal, violate privacy, and mass murder.

Indeed, we’re witnessing an unprecedented wealth transfer right now in the US as a result of such centralization of authority.

I’ve never met an anarchist that believes that by abolishing the state that society will become entirely nonviolent. It’s just a sort of standard “who will build the roads?” straw man: Policing doesn’t need police, and social contracts don’t need a statehouse.