skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In earlier times in many jurisdictions banks could create bank notes, too. See eg https://www.alt-m.org/2015/07/29/there-was-no-place-like-can...

An advantage of that system was that banks did not lose reserves when customers withdrew money, ie converted deposits to cash.

(The banks lost reserves when those notes were eventually deposited with rival banks who demanded settlement in underlying reserves.)

Of course, even that system did not multiply the amount of reserves; you might call them M(-1), if you are so inclined.

Historically the underlying base money was gold, but you could imagine a system with private bank notes built on top of the federal reserve dollar just fine. You can even leave physical Fed cash in circulation, too.
There are "programming antipatterns" that can be intentionally used to create unmaintainable code bases... like magic numbers/ strings, obfuscated spaghetti program flows, etc.

But there are more unintentional ways of making your code base less maintable:

- Lack of consistency: Avoid using multiple different words to describe the same thing.

- Mix everything together: This happens when instead of having a dedicated piece of code for each purpose, the code contains functions that tries to do everything at the same time.

- Cyclomatic complexity: This happens when a function can have many different unique outcomes, making it hard to understand and test. Long functions usually fall into this category.

- Implicitness: Being implicit can make it very hard to figure out what is going on. Abbreviations and acronyms fall into this category as well. Bonus points if you excessively use operator overloading, reflection or anything that can be used to have a layer of magic happening.

- Messy concurrency: If you are going to be using concurrency primitives, you better have zero tolerance with messy code... otherwise, you'll be living in a multithreaded hell made out of spaghetti involving mutexes, condition variables, semaphores where things break and you have no idea why.

- Memoirs about journeys to nowhere: This happens when instead of writing a comment explaining what something does leaving out irrelevant details, you write a longer comment that reads like a monologue with many irrelevant details where the central point is you rather than the code being documented, and reads in a complicated, non-linear way... like: "I thought this did A, but then because of B, C happens this does D. Right? TODO: find out more about E". Some people think this makes them look clever.

- Interleaved levels of detail: Instead of having layered levels of detail that do not mix, write code that deals with high level things and very low level things at the same time.
You know? That's fair. I hadn't considered the kickback model that booking sites seem to use.

That's fair. I think your solution would work for those.
Doesn't he even cite a calculus book?
Are there any strategies for migrating from a separate db per tenant to shared db with scoped tenant_id? In this case each tenant would have overlapping primary keys.
Fair enough, I was categorizing that as “working remotely”, but I see your point.

I’d be curious to hear from the people who downvoted me though.
It was $50,000:

> He didn’t end up getting a new Tesla, but the automaker awarded him a special $50,000 bug report reward — several times higher than the max official bug reward limit:

You're looking at the $5,000 bounty awarded for exposing Supercharger-related data that Tesla "didn't want [...] out there", which is obviously a much less severe issue than remote control of the entire fleet.
Ask HN: Is there an app that can identify electronic components i.e. resistors?
Well, what's actually in your bank account is only one thing: a special kind of bank debt.

That bank debt is backed by all the kinds of bank assets that you mention. Plus perhaps some government deposit insurance.
For example, one thing that most people don't get is that every measurement has an assumption. If you don't know the assumption you may make bad conclusions. Few people even ask this question when making measurements.
I recently had to work on a git project that was created by taking a zip file of an existing git repo from another team, a junior engineer stomping on and corrupting the existing git project due to lack of familiarity with how git works, then committing said codebase to a new bit bucket managed git repo sans the 7+ years of commit logs from the other team. Fun times.
I was just doing something quite similar recently for my workstation:

https://github.com/joelmccracken/workstation/blob/master/wor...
Can anyone help me understand why I can't access HN from my iPhone, but I can from my computer? both are on the same network. I'm getting "Safari cannot open the page because the server cannot be found", and many apps won't work at all either.
There's not more base money, but more money-like assets.
In my experience the game was played by someone punting the ball in the air and the person chose to become the target by grabbing the ball. We used to rush to grab the ball, it was a way to prove your toughness, by how long you could last as the target.

I do not discount your experiences at all, homophobia was still prevalent in my elementary and middle school and I also graduated in a liberal state in 2008.
This is an interesting article, well researched and well written and well argued. But it absolutely misses the entire point of Qanon, as have most or all mainstream reports.

Qanon, at its core, is servile Trump worship. I'm not using "worship" sarcastically or hyperbolicly, but rather more-or-less literally. The core of the Qanon belief system is that Trump is basically correct about everything, can do almost no wrong, and is close to all-powerful.

The fact remains that even a generous evaluation of Trump has him looking weak, ineffectual, self-dealing, corrupt, poor at leadership, bad at picking underlings, and for those of us who listened to the House Impeachment Inquiry back in February, almost certainly a traitor. It's very hard to escape the conclusion that Trump is corrupt and not good at being a President.

Since Qanon worships Trump, they have to find someone worse than him to revile, to blame for Trump's problems, to scapegoat for Trump's failures. It's tough to do for someone who looks as corrupt and divisive as Trump. So Qanon fantasizes about "elite pedovores", or Luciferian Banking Cabals or Our Pleidian Friends so that there's somebody out there actually worse than Trump for Trump to fight.
Oh by the way, I was being sarcastic.
No, $5k was for an earlier bug. "the automaker awarded him a special $50,000 bug report reward — several times higher than the max official bug reward limit"
Just install it and use it.
There are some bindings that are the same as vim (gg, G, /, i, v, etc.). But overall I wouldn't say it helps you learn vim.
>disable vehicle on sensing a crash

Most vehicles won’t let you reprogram the firmware without power cycling the car. Disable sensing of a crash is definitely its own ECM that is on a high priority bus. I am assuming your common <$40k car. When you head into bmw, merc Benz land this statement changes slightly.
Well, legal barriers aside, Amazon could print their own currency and be in the same position as the Fed.

Though to make it absolutely the same position, Amazon's currency should not be tied to the dollar but freely floating.

Then there can be no run on Amazon's currency, just like there can be no run on the dollar. However, of course, both Amazon's currency and the dollar can lose in value compared to goods and services or other currencies.
A wearable air purifier for your face
Like our minds, all civilizations might only exist at the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_of_chaos
The thing that worries me is that it doesn't take self-driving tech to make this an issue. Existing safety systems on most cars can control brakes, steering, throttle, airbags, etc.

The threshold issue is remote updates of car software. And Tesla had made that more mainstream and attractive to other manufacturers.
One might be using IPv6 and the other v4. Or you might have different DNS settings.
Whenever someone mentions raw numbers alarm bells go off in my head and I immediately assume there's some agenda. This should be normal, especially when people do such atrocious comparisons like x events in America vs y events in Iceland. Yet we see it done all the time.
> It's slightly more pessimistic to think that the game is teaching our kids to kill homosexuals vs. some undefined oddness.

not by much, because even taken literally creating a game around the fact of beating up the odd member of a group isn't exactly what I'd consider a great pedagogical concept
Sharing Files (You Could've Invented BitTorrent)
Shouldn’t the devastation from the Beirut blast already have incited this by now? What other dominoes need to fall?
Temporal is the Cadence fork by the founders of the project. You can think about it as a next generation of the project. The biggest difference is gRPC protocol and TLS support.

Here is the stackoverflow answer with more info about the new features: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61157400/temporal-workfl...
"Internet-connected smart vehicles aren't a mature technology. Not in the sense of this being the win2k era of that tech, but that our assumptions about how to build these systems might be fundamentally wrong. I don't know if it will ever be safe enough to trust human lives to it."

I often hear this kind of thing and am really surprised by it. Specifically for the tech in vehicles example, it seems like a real double standard. Around 37,000 people in the US die in car accidents every year[1]. That's 100 people a DAY. There is a huge cost to not adopting new safety measures, even if it depends on immature tech, and that needs to be factored against the potential new unknown risks.

Driving to work is almost certainly the riskiest thing you do most days. I find it plausible that people 50 years from now will think that the cars we drove before 2010 were unconscionable death traps.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_vehicle_fatality_rate_in...
Surely there’s more than 2 types. Another off the top of my head - competitors.
No, really, it isn't. Part of the picture? Sure. But here is literally the history of nuclear regulation [0]

You'll find a tremendous amount of regulation occured long before that time. And yes, in the wake of Chernobyl and our near miss at 3 Mile Island, things were tightened up more, but the lack of new plants was as much about negative public perception than anything else, including very strong coal and gas lobbies that had a vested interest in keeping nuclear energy's market share as low as possible. In the face of multi billion dollar entrenched interests, you over estimate the impact of small non profits. If you really think the industry is over regulated, blame those entrenched interests, not some vocal minority and NIMBY folks.

You also failed to address the point about the excellent safety record of a well-regulated nuclear industry compared to the awful record of significantly less regulated power sources.

Even if you are right about the high cost of regulations, what has that achieved? It has achieved a product that actually prices in the true cost, unlike all of these slipshod practices with oil or coal, where the cost of their incredibly awful safety records is passed indirectly on to everyone. So even if you're right, you've simply described the correct way things should work: potentially unsafe products should have a lot of upfront costs to ensure safety. If we all had to pay for the full environmental impacts of such choices up front, we'd be hammering down the doors of nuclear power to get plants built because, done right, it is safer and cheaper than pricing those same consequences into coal and oil.

[0]https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1029/ML102980443.pdf
More sophisticated actors can fly on vision alone.

Disclosure: I also work for a company in this field.
I played smear the queer as a kid and had no idea queer meant gay. That was a few decades before you played it though. I think I was in my twenties before I knew queer meant anything other than “unusual”. I even had a couple of gay friends who never let me in on it.
Sum Types in Julia and Rust
DCS has put some great training tutorials that come with it. That combined with Chuck's super detailed and colorful PDFs guides for each aircraft as amazing.

Agree that multiplayer how-to's is lacking.
An interesting example (or maybe counterexample) is thinking about how your first paragraph is relevant at any point in history. Compared to sticks, a bow causes asymmetrical damage.
Controled burns are only a part of the solution, generally substituting for large grazing animals that would keep the forest density and undergrowth at bay. Also, a lot of wetland in Califormia was dried and even rivers were straightened and deprived of the traditional meandering and inundation area. All that makes California dryer, slowly but surely decreasing water stored in the soil and therefore also decreasing secondary rainfall (summer thunderstorms from local evapotransiration) that would keep forests less dry.
Is that what happened at the end of prohibition? (Genuine question, I'm not well informed in this area.)
Literally permutating sauces does indicate low quality but that's just because chinese cuisine has so much diversity that a decent restaurant can offer a large variety of flavor profiles without really repeating itself. Personally I'm not so picky to specifically want salmon satay, but I am able to define some parameters, e.g. heaviness (steamed/stir-fried/deep-fried), spiciness, texture, types of proteins, ratio of food groups, etc and find a suitable combination of menu items.

Specialized restaurants can certainly be better at specific dishes, but at the same time, the lack of options can be detrimental. For example, my kids won't enjoy a meal all that much in a place that specializes in spicy hot pots. Or maybe one person in the party will think the food is too heavy or spicy, etc.
> I don't think you can handwave that away as an "of course". The externalities around fossil fuels are simply enormous; the issues and costs and risks of nuclear are multiple orders of magnitude less.

That wasn't intended as a handwave. Fossil fuel externalities are indeed enormous and well documented.

It's exhausting to talk to pro-nuclear people, because all everyone ever talks about is nuclear vs fossil. That was the 20th century's fight.

Fossil fuel for the generation of electricity is already doomed, because solar and wind are way cheaper now. Capitalism will take care of finishing off coal, the sooner the better, if we want to keep the planet livable.

In combination with rapid technological innovation in grid-scale storage, we will hopefully end up with a low-carbon power generation solution, one that does not involve risks of a nuclear accident, nor nuclear waste.
This reminds me strongly of Daniel Suarez' book Daemon, https://amzn.com/0451228731
You can jam signals they rely on, like GPS and cellular, but there are already drones that are capable of flying on vision alone, so no.
I wonder why they aren’t paid in vesting stock. $50k in Tesla stock in 2017 would be a nice pay day.

It would also align hackers interest with the businesses they are helping secure.
Any chance this was machine generated?
Well, knowing when the flexibility of turing complete language is required and when the simplicity of non-turing complete declarative language is required and where to draw the line between them is often pretty hard.

This is why we get YAML based languages that edge towards turing completeness with conditionals and loops and ugly templating hacks. Mostly people get it wrong. I got it wrong several times when creating two earlier versions of that framework.
I'm not sure how useful all these counts are. If the static analysis that you described was that important we would write most of the software in YAML instead of C/C++/Java/Go/Python, etc. Linux kernel in YAML would be really cool :).

In my experience, no developer ever asked for this information, especially if the price is writing code in turing complete YAML/XML/JSON based language.
We were targetting configurations of Concourse for deploying software. We would have to do essentially the same deployment to multiple environments (dev, qa, staging, performance, prod) and Concourse doesn't provide a sufficiently rich configuration in its use of yaml. For a single app cut and paste is acceptable but once you get into multiple microservices, it becomes more efficient to do it this way.
Worse than this, sometimes you can't even compare numbers on the same scale. Inherit assumptions make things difficult to compare. For example: some event may depend highly on the interconnectedness (maximal clique in a graph) than population and this a per capita comparison isn't relevant.

But this is much more than statistics, this is understanding measurements and events. This is really the fundamental problem here, not a lack of understanding statistics (though good statisticians are experts in asking these types of questions).
Is there a way out that involves the cartels not going down fighting? Could a government sue for peace?
An Oil Engineer Created Auto-Tune and Changed Music Forever
"I think there has been a general decrease in the value placed on self discipline."

This is 100% just an opinion. I could also say that there are a LOT of people who are training harder and dieting due to things they see on Instaram for example.

It's really just hard to quantify something like this and it's really just a subjective opinion.
Possibly, but I'm not sure they did that at the begining. I remember sometimes a tab would crash with a little unhappy face with a squiggle mouth (or something like that) and all the tabs would go down like that. But then again the whole app didn't come crash and I could refresh the other tabs to get them back without losing everything I had open.
I’m not a fan of VMs for older machines since they tend to perform poorly. And 4GB RAM wouldn’t be adequate for that. I’d suggest dual booting with a separate partition for Linux. You can also choose distros that have a lower hardware requirement and perform better on older machines (my first choice is Xubuntu, but there are others too).

Make sure you still retain the macOS partition and installation (after resizing it down). There are tools like reFind [1] that can help you manage dual booting better (do read the extensive documentation and refer to it when needed).

It goes without saying that you should have a full disk backup with Carbon Copy Cloner or SuperDuper! before you venture into these.

The experience on Linux may not be great out of the box (depending on your exact hardware). So I’d also suggest budgeting some time to iron out kinks and make it better.

[1]: https://rodsbooks.com/refind/
AIM did more for my typing skills than any of my middle school “keyboarding” classes.

a s d f j k l ;

Who decided typing that on loop is how you learn to touch type?
That stuff, about 6% of deaths occur on the freeway versus 20% of miles are on the freeway. The majority of autopilot is gonna be in freeway or similar roads so let's call that 10 deaths for every Tesla death.

Anecdotally tesla put a lot of effort into making a car with great crash protection, so if we are evaluating only the autopilot then comparing tesla's death rate to a 1990s fiat or a car people buy to drive badly like an impreza doesn't seem right.

With that said, leading causes of freeway accidents are, falling asleep, bad lane following, and drivers failing to realise the traffic ahead has stopped. These are all about human inability to stay focused. So we shouldn't assume that in a simplified environment like a freeway, autopilot is going to lose up humans.
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Show HN: Fire effect straight from the 90s to your web page
It's now faster and more fiery, hope you like it.
Wow. There’s alot of ego in that quote.
Technology progresses. What's hard today may be easy tomorrow.
Nah. Telling your kids they are free to do whatever they want online without having to consult you and promoting “sex positivity” to them Is not the same as monitoring their roblox or YouTube usage, and giving them a stark warning. Very bad strawman. Pedophiles online are a real danger and there is no way family members pose a likelier or more severe threat than online pedophiles. Saying otherwise is either ignorant or malicious.
OP meant two types that are indifferent to consequences.
There is some level of communication, but there really shouldn't be.
I think this is part of what makes it so scary. The current changes are nothing new, it's just that we're approaching the point where these threats can be existential. Once that happens, unless something really massive has changed in human society, it's probably game over.
Telling the customer that "we are SaaS and we will distribute all updates on our schedule" is really convenient for the provider. However, is that really the best service to your clients?
Maybe it has something to do with fact that Fukushima as of now caused 0 radiation deaths?
Agreed. Another could be solo blackhats who just want to make money, who have no state sponsorship. Tangental, but I also hesitate to create such a massive bucket for "mental instability" like that. It's easy to find when someone who does something difficult to understand, or against what we would do ourselves, and then just say "well they're mentally unstable." Definitely the case for some, but it seems like a lazy dismissal with no attempt or interest at understanding.
HN has its good points. This is just not the best place to try to get this kind of information, for a variety of reasons.

I wasn't actually trying to be negative. Just informative.
This isn't complicated.

Trump: not religious, mostly respects human life, fits well with prosperity theology, promises to stop bringing in people who really hate Christians

Hillary: not religious, barely respects human life, fits OK with prosperity theology, promises to bring in more people who really hate Christians

If you were an evangelical Christian, wouldn't that be an easy decision? The negatives would be painful, but the balance of attributes clearly points one way.
Show HN: Keep track of Open startups metrics
I'm not saying add "(2017)" I'm saying clarify that the hacker gained the control 3 years ago, not just now.
Less serious, but a question I've had for a while, and I assume Albanians are in the thread.

There's quite a lot of pizza and "Italian" joints in the US that use Italian jargon and decor, but when you ask, the ownership is strongly Albanian.

Is there a backstory to this sort of "hidden" Albanian domination of US pizza and Italian restaurants?

I do get the obvious "across the Adriatic" connection, but other countries border Italy as well, and don't have the same strong correlation in restaurant ownership.