skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> an instance of 'prefer referential transparency', an idea from FP that you should always know what a variable is referencing.

The idea of "referential transparency" is that you should always be able to substitute a reference for its definition, or vice-versa, without changing the behavior of the program. This implies both immutability (so that duplicating a value doesn't change the result) and purity (so producing the value has no side effects and gives the same result no matter how many times you do it). It has nothing to do with knowing what a variable is referencing. If anything, functional programming encourages the use of generic functions which don't know or care what their variables are referencing (parametric polymorphism).
Yeah, the specific numbers don't matter so much as the desired narrative behind the numbers. Clearly, the government wants to boost R&D.

Regardless of whether or not they have to "adjust" their numbers for one specific year, the fact is that they've set their goalposts at double the R&D growth of the west (both US and EU are at around 5% R&D growth [1]).

Unless in reality they're not even halfway reaching their goals, they're going to overtake the US and EU in spending at some point, probably pretty soon. The graph in the link below (published by the US gov) is quite clear. One of those lines is obviously not like the others.

[1] https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20201/global-r-d
I've heard this happen in a lot of places — companies want to be "data-driven", but then leadership simply ignores the data. I think being data-driven is something that is built into company culture, or otherwise it's too easy to just ignore the results and ship.

The place I currently work is data-driven (perhaps to a fault). Every change is wrapped behind an experiment and analyzed. Engineers play a major role in this process (responsible for analysis of simple experiments), whereas the data org owns more thorough, long-term analysis. This means there are a significant number of people invested in making numbers go up. It also means we're very good at finding local maxima, but struggle greatly shipping larger changes that land somewhere else on the graph.

Some of the best advice I've heard related to this is for leadership to be honest about the "why". Sometimes we just want to ship a redesign to eventually find a new maximum, even through we know it will hurt metrics for a while.
That's an incredibly short-sighted way of looking at what's happening. If you want to become a Chef, you don't start by inventing new Michelin star dishes de novo. You copy your betters. Over and over and over. Then, once you learn how they do what they do, you innovate.

Japan did this. Do not underestimate China.
Ask HN: Postgres or MySQL in 2020?
In 2016 Uber Engineering Switched from Postgres to MySQL. What would be your choice in 2020?
Anyone out there used Rust on an ATSAML21 MCU? How viable is it these days?
I remember people using the phrase Algol style, but that has faded out.
I'm a little confused: do you store a copy of the information/page, or just a link to it?
Not sure what Ruby core will do, but Sorbet will type everything as T.untyped in the absence of type hints. Libraries can progressively provide rbi files to add first class type support though.
Missing in the original chart/data: have ML/DL job postings decrease more or less than other comparable job categories (programming, business analyst, etc.)
Who needs a screenshot? Look at your own[0]. Yeah I am[1] trying to misinform[2] people[3].

[0] https://m.facebook.com/help/212802592074644
[1] https://money.cnn.com/2018/03/24/technology/facebook-data/in...
[2] https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/katienotopoulos/faceboo...
[3] https://www.cnbc.com/2018/03/20/how-to-see-which-facebook-ap...
Obviously it's a price worth paying but it should not be needed. MS could trivially collect these issues and fix them but they don't, people tolerate crappy software, the cost of bad software gets externalised not on the producer but amortised over many, many users, they tolerate it,the temperature goes up and the frog boils. If you put up with shit software, guess what you're going to get.
Which customers do you think Apple cares more about, app developers or their actual iPhone customers?
Frankly the tech for autonomous aviation has been around for a while now. I expect even strong crosswind landings will soon be better handled by a computer than a pilot. But then here’s the problem...

Autonomous systems are great when things are going well, but at the end of the day they fare very poorly in edge cases sometimes with catastrophic results. When you’re driving a car you usually follow traffic rules and stop lights to get to your destination safely. In an airplane there’s constant communication and things change frequently based on weather, traffic, emergencies, etc. I can’t count the number of times ATC has repeated back an incorrect call sign. As a human we know it was probably meant for us and call back to confirm. Would a computer do that? Even if we used datalink communications then ATC would now have a much higher burden. Also human pilots would lose the situational awareness of hearing instructions for other aircraft on frequency.

Then there’s the question of— in an emergency situation is the computer going to be able to make the right judgement calls? What if its sensors are iced over/inop?

All in all, while technologically I feel this could have been pulled off yesterday, I doubt we will see fully autonomous aircraft operating long routes in controlled airspace anytime soon.
Who do people think will have their jobs replaced first, cargo pilots or truck drivers?

One big factor is it often comes down to which worker group has a stronger union and likewise entrenched political interests at local levels, as we've seen in technological progress elsewhere.

Second to that is probably the safety regulatory process. 'AI' or computer automation has also been used heavily in airplanes for a long time so that regulatory process is probably going to happen much more advanced than cars.

Finally, driving regulations often happen at a much more local level (cities can ban AI drivers in their borders for ex) but flights are divided over much wider geographical lines. And there are far fewer airline companies than truck companies to deal with.
Antitrust laws are about anticompetitive behavior, not just monopolies.

Companies with a combined <50% of the marketplace have been found to violate antitrust laws as a result of price fixing (including Apple itself).

And yes, you are allowed to put pictures of competing consoles in your game and even refer to the fact that they exist. They just don't want them in the digital listing. (In contrast: Apple forbids this, and in the past has rejected apps for even mentioning that Android versions exist.)
PowerShell 7 released in March, dropping the “Core” name, gaining backwards compatibility and becoming the main version.

https://devblogs.microsoft.com/powershell/announcing-PowerSh...
I was thinking the same thing, however due to distancing requirements won't the companies that do maintain a physical office require significantly more space?

We may see a decline in the popularity of space-efficient open office spaces.
Even as an individual, the agreements you sign would be considered business deals since both you and Apple have the potential to profit from the agreement.
A landing page that shows you how to write unignorable landing page copy
Why California’s 2020 lightning fires got so big so fast
Radioactive batteries are certainly possible (and some exist). Achieving power levels and safety requirements for everyday use is the difficulty.

I realized some years ago it would be possible to make rechargable hafnium batteries. They would be awesome -- but you have to figure out a highly effcient means of converting gamma rays into electricity.
What if radio communications are lost? This is not a super infrequent occurrence
What Is XBRL? A Primer on SEC Data
I have checked out Doro in the past and gotten him a similar "seniors" phone (that worked with local carriers here), and it didn't really take.

I've tried having him use a "simplified" home screen on one of my old Android phones, and that didn't work very well either.

Personally, as far as "smartphones" go, I think he needs something without a home screen, and a phone app (that can't easily exit to a home screen) with a recognizable skeuomorphic UI with minimal navigation and lots of discrete buttons for performing the few actions he needs.
Or perhaps men produce more mucous in their respiratory system, in general?
There is something called tech debt and I can understand it but just replacing a Bootstrap/jQuery based app wit React/VUE just because it is new does not make sense. I will not mind upgrading from Python 2x to Python 3x but I will always resist to replace Flask with Django, unless there is some really genuine reason behind it.
Right, but that requires a fairly reliable radio link (that we don't have, e.g. MH370).

Or perhaps a set of dedicated routes, with ATC actively routing other traffic around the robots?
Why not Arc to x86-64 compiler?
It appears that Ruby 3 might come short of their 3x speedup goal [1][2] ... has anyone tried out Graal/TruffleRuby?

Graal/TruffleRuby has shown some massive perf increases [3]

[1] https://pragtob.wordpress.com/2017/01/24/benchmarking-a-go-a...

[2] https://pragtob.wordpress.com/2020/08/24/the-great-rubykon-b...

[3] https://www.reddit.com/r/ruby/comments/b4c2lx/truffleruby_be...
Domain Squatters Are the Scum of the Earth
And this is a good thing!

To be fair, I started to understand why developers gave out about bootcamp grads lacking a foundation when the bootcamps came for my discipline (data science).

The PhD fetish is pretty mental (even though I have one), as it's really not necessary.

Additionally, everyone thinks they need researchers, when they really, really don't.

Having worked with researchy vs more product/business driven teams, I found that the best results came when a researchy person took the time to understand the product domain, but many of them believe they're too good for business (in which case you should head back to academia).

What you actually need from an ML/Data Science person:

- Experience with data cleaning (this is most of the gig)

- A solid understanding of linear and logistic regression, along with cross-validation

- Some reasonable coding skills (in both R and Python, with a side of SQL).

That's it. Pretty much everything else can be taught, given the above prerequisites.

But it's tricky for hiring managers/companies as they don't know who to hire, so they end up over-indexing on bullshitters, due to the confidence, leading to lots of nonsese.

And finally, deep learning is good in some scenarios and not in others, so anyone who's just a deep learning developer is not going to be useful to most companies.
> the mistake that many FP advocates make is to make it a war of FP vs anything else.

I don't disagree with this (goodness knows there are plenty of functional purists who come across as religious zealots), but I think it's also worth mentioning that there's an opposing camp of people who are hard-set against ever considering FP for anything at all because they've bought fully into object orientation and stateful computation.

Both solutions are well-suited to certain kinds of problems, and this opposition is well summarized by study of what is called the Expression Problem[0]. A good developer should know both paradigms (in addition to others!) and use each where it is best suited.

[0] There are other issues than those discussed by the EP, but the EP is, I think, the most simple perspective of the distinction between OOP and FP.

Edit: TIL you cannot escape an asterisk on HN. That's a bummer.
USDA Innovation Commentary
Combating Fake News Ahead of November [Webinar]
He holds an Identity Certificate[1] issued by the Indian passport office, but no passport.

[1] https://portal1.passportindia.gov.in/AppOnlineProject/online...
Just did a quick scan and looks pretty good! Would it be possible to add an option for exporting the raw code (maybe broken down by chapter/section) separate from the notebooks? Ideally this would run self-contained without relying on state buildup in the notebooks.
For what it’s worth the radio transmissions sound quite a bit more clear (usually) in the plane. LiveATC uses ground stations which don’t always have great reception and they compress the audio like crazy. I can barely make out what they say on LiveATC sometimes but in the air it’s rarely a problem.
Quadratic Factorisation for Mathematical Adults
The approach to this book is very similar to nnfs.io (a similar focus on deriving models from the bare bones). The biggest difference is that his focuses on deep learning while mine covers a) a wider range of models and b) more introductory methods (linear regression, logistic regression, naive bayes, etc.)

It is definitely heavy on the math notation. Since the purpose of the book is to provide mathematical derivations, it's impossible to do that without lots of notation. That's why I added the notation and conventions page (right after the table of contents). If you do get a chance to look through it and see any notation in particular that is difficult to follow, please let me know and I'll update that page.

As for the code, knowing Python is a loose pre-requisite, but familiarity with object oriented programming in general should be enough to at least follow along. Most of the code does one of two things: 1) manipulates data represented as vectors/matrices or 2) creates/manipulates the objects themselves. But I should work on making the commenting clearer so it's apparent what each step does, even for someone less comfortable with Python.

Thanks so much for your feedback!
> By the way this problem is not unique for FP, OOP suffered the same problem in the past. But the OOP community learned from its mistakes and now most developers know to 'prefer composition over inheritance', for instance.

This is a great point. I think there are a lot of open questions about basic questions such as how ergonomic effect systems can become and which functional programming abstractions become intuitive through enough practice versus always feeling confusing. I think that stuff will shake out in a decade or two, and we will end up with much better styles to choose from. Who wants to program in 1990s/early 2000s Java style anymore? (Well, okay, a lot of people, but ignore them.) Nobody would judge OOP negatively based on that mess, because we know it can be done a lot better, and languages have evolved to cater to what we've learned. I think functional programming has a lot of evolution to come that will make it more ergonomic and more practical. It will be especially interesting to see what the cohort of programmers introduced to functional programming via modern front-end Javascript will do as some of them transition to the back end and look for statically typed languages that are better than Typescript.
Create a spreadsheet! I did this 25+ years ago to get my own customized answer to this question. One row per quarter (4 rows per year). Each row takes previous row's balance, adds % ROI, adds contributed savings to get the next row's balance forecast. Not a complicated spreadsheet. As each quarter passes, replace the forecasted/calculated balance with your actual savings balance.

Don't hard-code the % ROI and quarterly contribution in each row; put them in cells at the top. You can then play with % ROI and quarterly contribution values to see how much you'll have when. Take each rows balance and divide by (85-age) to get a conservative estimate of annual income if retired (conservatively assumes future ROI == inflation).

Fyi, I'm a 59 yo who knew ageism in hiring was coming and is so happy that my otherwise foolish self came up with a basic plan 25+ years ago to know if he was on track or not (and managed to stay well ahead of it). Helped with spending decisions too: if I was ahead, I'd buy that motorcycle; if not I didn't.
Yeah, try to be a small developer in the 90's and deal with the Smalltalk companies. If you made it in the door now deal with runtime fees.
Digital Disruption Manager
Supervisor: Director of Divest Ed
Position Status: Full-time
Salary Range: $44,000-$48,000 - Salary commensurate with experience
Location: Cambridge, Massachusetts or Remote
Send resume and interest letter to: jobs@betterfutureproject.org
Ideal start date: October 5, 2020
Subject: Digital Disruption Manager

The Job
We’re looking for a visionary digital campaign manager ready to tell us about the campaigns you implemented while leading a team, and who is eager to apply those insights at Divest Ed, a program of Better Future Project.

Our team is reimagining fossil fuel divestment by interrogating the social environment in which we do climate justice work. As we continue to name and disrupt the fossil fuel industry’s extractive and exploitative practices, we are also making this work more racially explicit, decolonized, and pointed toward community care.

The Specs
Scope
Digital Campaign Visioning, Management and Implementation
Amplifying the 2020 Divest Ed Fellowship
Facilitating in the 2020 Divest Ed Fellowship
Supervision of organizers and interns, especially regarding campus recruitment disruption
Hiring and leadership development

More at the link.
I think I know the demo you’re talking about.

Most of my search results today are CGI propaganda pieces, the closest I can find is this from 2013, which is just a normal non-shiny and probably non-spinning missile, but from 1.5km and being destroyed 4s after launch: https://youtu.be/kgUnDeED9MM
There's one major difference - Japanese companies took mediocre western tech (autos, transistor radios) and made it better. Chinese companies just copy.
There needs to be a pollution (including noise) tax collected to counterweight the inevitable of potentially non-stop swarm of buzzing that will be making 10,000s to 100,000s of deliveries in cities everyday.
> Well, this actually makes sense, because you can't use the app you download on the App Store on a Microsoft Surface.

Come on....
>I always wondered why?

for me personally easier to use installer, proprietary driver/codec support out of the box, faster release cycle, debian stable is too old for me and unstable can break at at all times/doesn't receive any major updates before new releases and so on. Also Ubuntu for the longest time used to be the only distro shipping with good font rendering settings, staring at code all day this actually was fairly important to me

so basically Ubuntu 'just works', if I ran Debian I'd just replicate Ubuntu's default settings pretty much anyway so I can just save myself the few hours.
I would say the two closest programming ecosystems I have found to this are Rust/Cargo and Node/NPM.

With either of these tools, it seems quite dependable to clone a git repo, and get it up and running in minutes or even seconds with a couple consistent commands. That is as long as the dependencies are fully rooted within the ecosystem.
This is not reddit:

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
I completely agree with this sentiment, I've seen a lot of people throw ML at problems because they don't know much mathematics. Especially when you have a lot of data, I can understand the allure of just wiring up the input & output to generate the model.
Looks like this one is free and also covers a wider breadth of ML topics (though perhaps doesn't cover NNs in as much detail -- I don't have a paid copy of nnfs).
How on earth can it be a monopoly when it has the market share it does?

It's not a monopoly, it's an abuse of market power, which does not require monopoly status but which is still forbidden by antitrust laws. It doesn't matter that they've always done it this way, because the antitrust laws have existed for longer than Apple has.

And many of Apple's arbitrary decisions have no basis in security or ensuring family-friendly products. They exist simply to maintain or bolster Apple's market position.
Lenovo Yoga 9i gets rid of a traditional touchpad and slaps leather on its lid
Building offline-first apps with Yjs: Garbage collection and content revisioning
That would require radar contact along the whole route. Otherwise if a transponder stops working you suddenly have a ghost aircraft capable of causing massive amounts of damage.
Great point. Not as good point: is looking for pytorch and tf the right measure?
You need developers for that killer app and most killer apps don't come out of big companies. The vendors made sure the little developer wasn't welcome.
The Ants Go Marching
One big problem -- I expect existing battery companies would make sure tech like this would never see the light of day, even if it were possible. Too much money to be made with disposable batteries.
"policy violation" would probably be better language.

but since one of the definitions (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/guideline) of "guideline" is:

> an indication or outline of policy or conduct

imo "guideline violation" isn't too far of a stretch even if it is technically a "policy violation".
It is not even an euphemism. It is just a way to enforce rules selectively.
> English was arbitrary, so was French and Latin and Greek before it.

Might be arbitrary but there isn't really a good reason to change. Compared to the past, right now we have way more people than ever before from around the planet being able to communicate in a single language - English might not be everyone's first language, but it is a fine second language (if anything i'm certain that there are way more people speaking English as a second language than there are people speaking it as a first language).

The main point of a language is communication, why spoil that?

(and FWIW my first language isn't English but i have worked in a couple of other countries with other people whose first language also wasn't English - actually it was several different languages - yet thanks to English everyone was able to communicate, which i think is something to be treasured, not try to disrupt... i mean... we're just discussing things here in English after all)
Thanks for the clarification. When you wrote "Milton Friedman's biggest lie" the implication to the reader is that Friedman is deliberately saying something is true when it is not. As the wikipedia article says, Friedman did not say it is recognized that maximizing returns to shareholders as a fiduciary duty simply saying he thought it should be. As a normative theory of business ethics, people can agree or disagree with the idea. (Just as in a different context, if someone argues prisons should focus on rehabilitation and someone disagrees, that doesn't mean the first person lied.)
Just read the docs:

> If `compareFunction` is not supplied, all non-undefined array elements are sorted by converting them to strings and comparing strings in UTF-16 code units order. For example, "banana" comes before "cherry". In a numeric sort, 9 comes before 80, but because numbers are converted to strings, "80" comes before "9" in the Unicode order.

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Refe...
I didn't entirely write what I meant correctly.

Etsy's revenue has greatly increase:
https://www.statista.com/statistics/409407/etsy-quarterly-re...

A lot of Etsy's money did go to advertising. This has ended up in Pinterest's pocket. The fact Pinterest is flat during covid and entirely being an advertising company I consider still growth of revenue. The global advertising spend has greatly decreased, it'll eventually pick back up.

But, yes, you are entirely correct, on a direct statement level, revenue is flat.