skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This goes beyond that, though... in your example, the two programs DON’T give identical output with identical input; one will log you in with a bad password, one won’t. That is different behavior.

Likewise, with your second example, the storing clear text and bcrypted passwords are different outputs.

When I say the two pieces of code have identical outputs for identical inputs, I mean everything, not just what an end user sees.

Here is a toy example to show what I mean: say you have a function that takes a username and password, and compares it against a stored username and password (lets ignore the insecurity of storing a plain text password for this example). Now, you have two implementations of the function, and we know that both work as desired; they both will accept all correct username/password combos, and will reject all incorrect username/password combos. We have exhaustive tests proving that both return the same result when given the same input.

Normally, this is good enough - both functions are interchangeable, because they are guaranteed to always output the same data with the same input. You would probably choose the implementation that is faster, or used less memory, or whatever.

However, for crypto, this isn’t enough. Lets say in our exmaple, one implementation starts checking each bit of the password. If the first bit of the submitted password matches the first bit of the stored password, it moves to the next bit. If they don't match, it returns false because it knows that the passwords don't match. What a great optimization! You don't have to keep checking once you hit the first wrong bit. The second implementation checks every bit, even after it finds an incorrect match. So inefficient!

However, even though they both work perfectly in the sense that they will always return the correct result, the one that returns false on the first mismatched bit is vulnerable to a timing attack. An attacker can keep submitting passwords, and wait for the response to get a little bit slower... now they know they have the first bit correct. Repeat this for a while, and you can figure out all the bits.

This is obviously a toy example, but this technique has been used over and over again to break crypto implementations. You have to care about more than just the output when you deal with crypto!

Here is a paper about using this technique to break an earlier version of OpenSSL: https://crypto.stanford.edu/~dabo/papers/ssl-timing.pdf
But cigarettes are an extreme example of a tax on the poor, just like lotteries. From your rhetoric, I would have imagined that you would be against the aggressive taxation on cigarettes. I know I am.
Caves are not created due to gas pressure neither are mountains. The former are the result of water flowing and solving weak rock, while mountains are the front of colliding tectonic plates.

In this case you have gas and mud.
Do we know anyone outside of Facebook uses Hack/HHVM in production?
Yep, the correct amount is the fee that the market dictates. That is, when other app stores and other payment processes are available and developers can be open about the fees on each purchase (eg, "Visa/Mastercard +3%, Apple payment +30%") then the market will soon determine what a fair fee is.
I'm not sure of the 'off the charts' point regarding Sweden and USA in terms of Corona virus. These countries currently rank #7 and #9 respectively on world wide deaths per one million population and significantly below other countries:
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1104709/coronavirus-deat...

Unless he is talking about raw numbers, but then that's not a very honest argument.
Doesn't Steam allow indie developers to generate as many keys as they want for free? The Humble Bundle gave me a lot of Steam keys the last time I bought something from them and Steam didn't get a 30% cut from it.
Spammers would pay too, maybe even outbid the genuine users. They already invest a lot into getting past filters.
The Crazy-Tiny Next Generation of Computers (2015)
Move along, nothing to see here.

How many more scary warning signs will we need to see before taking climate change seriously?
Germany eyes a four-day week to help prevent mass layoffs
I want to outlive all the bastards, fix every problem they've ever created, and live well past their loathesome names passing from memory.
You can't side load on iOS.
Keep in mind that some users almost certainly believe your email is spam. Even if they're explicitly paying you to send them that email.

For an end user "spam" is "email I don't want".

"But" I hear you screaming, "That's their credit card bill, they even confirmed their email address and specifically opted into receiving it by email - that's not spam". It's unwanted, they don't have $850 to pay off the balance and they don't want to think about the interest charges, so it's spam as far as the user is concerned, some non-trivial fraction of users will click "Spam".

You've probably seen people who have piles of unopened real world postal mail, they feel the same way about that. Unsolicited catalogue. Bank statement showing I am overdrawn. Nagging letter from my mother. All unwanted: Spam.

Worse, some of these same users will anyway be angry that the important message they marked as spam is treated as spam. Why are facts true? They shouldn't be true if I don't want them to be. Is that irrational? Sure, that's humans for you.

This is a losing proposition, and the end-user facing providers are aware of that, but "spam blocking" is something users demand from such providers even while being very angry that it doesn't do what they want. "Humans are irrational" is not actionable.
where can I find the source code for neuralink in GitHub?
I don’t know, I think one of the kindest things an older generation does is die off and let the younger generations take the reigns.
> relocate, most of Jakarta's population there

Haven't heard that one, at most what the gov want to relocate are the govt apparatus. It's certainly more logical and easier to "relocate" the economy and commerce part of Jakarta to the satellite cities (Jabodetabek). Relocating almost 20 mill population to Borneo is nor feasible.
No, see they are gonna be retired by 38. See, this line they drew extrapolating their stock and salary since starting work in 2012 will keep going up and up...
I don't think this is the warning sign. This is the consequence happening.
I'd say it's both. We're in a really bad place. But, as a species we've been in plenty before.

"There's in fact evidence that the average temperature dropped 20-plus degrees in some spots," after which the great grassy plains of Africa may have shrunk way back, keeping the small bands of humans small and hungry for hundreds, if not thousands of more years."

https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/10/22/163397584/h...

The only difference is that we're getting better and better at putting ourselves in really bad situations.
which should I learn now assembly or c for neuralink programming? or I don't need to learn anything after surgery I can install all directly to my brain?
> If I knew something about the stock market that was valuable and I told people for free i would destroy the value of that knowledge.

Not if you've taken your position and then encourage people to realise the same.

E.g. A more extreme example, but sometimes you see people up dirt on a company showing how they are fiddling numbers/debt etc, take a position and then publish.

Also realistically (more extreme examples aside) you telling the world what you know about a company wont change diddly, but just acts as a sounding board or because you like to announce/discuss it.
You don’t have to use an iPhone and your product doesn’t have to run on one. In order to prove laws have been broken you have to prove that there is a higher issue than just lack of choice on the platform, if “that isn’t really the issue” then there isn’t any issue, legally.

If you want there to be something illegal about the lack of choice itself you have to think very long and hard about how you want to correct it with legislation, which would not be an easy thing to do right.
> The worst chair in the world is the American high school/college desk+chair combo like this one

How do left handed people write in those chairs?
Here's a random example. HMAC is frequently used in security protocols to generate more keys from a master key (for example, to generate temporary keys from a session key). The input to HMAC is (internally) padded with null bytes (<NUL>) before processing, so that for example "abc" and "abc<NUL><NUL><NUL>" will generate the same result. You may need to be aware of that padding when designing protocols that rely on HMAC, in order to avoid certain weaknesses. https://crypto.stackexchange.com/q/52161
This is very reminiscent of the original Settlers video games.
Visa and Mastercard fees are absolutely disclosed to customers, as a matter of course. In fact Australia implemented a law a couple of years ago that retailers who pass the processing fee to customers must only charge the actual fee itself and not an arbitrary "CC fee" (some retailers had been charging ridiculous fees like $5 or 15% previously). So by law these fees must be available to the public.

https://www.accc.gov.au/media-release/excessive-payment-surc...
Protecting Watchmaking’s Past
I have been using apple most of my life. I considered waiting for iPad this year, but apple decided to reuse am2 year old processor, so I back in the market to experiment. I am hoping this will deliver what it promises.
Climate change and nuclear arms, yes. The rest probably pale in comparison to those. Not to diminish their impact but they’re not existential threats to all mankind.

The current level of racial unrest, economic depression, and this pandemic will pass. Racism has always been a problem, the economy works in cycles, and we’ve got several vaccines in phase 3.
What if we could decrease the force of gravity? That would be a great solution.
Perhaps climate change is a crisis because it's clear there's no political will to deal with it in even an incremental fashion? The executive leaders of some countries, such as the usa, are even promoting the use of climate damaging outdated technologies like coal power plants.
> Being a leader is mostly about people skills

I don't agree with this. Being a leader is more about vision, about where he wanna go. Like Jobs, everyone under him thought he was an asshole. A lot of great leaders in human history were just pretty bad examples in terms of personal life. It is nice to have a high moral standard for political figures. But it is just difficult to be perfect. Obama, from my point view, is a nice man. But a failed president achieved nothing during his presidency.
> World-renowned scholar and activist Noam Chomsky said humans are living through the darkest and most consequential time in history.

Not even close, unless you ignore collapse of Roman Empire, collapse of Han Empire, Mongol Invasion, The Plague, Religious Wars in Europe, Post-Columbus destruction of Native Americans, WWI, WWII, Cold War including Cuban Missile crises where a single person(Vasili Arkhipov)was all that stopped nuclear war between USA and USSR.
1) There are other nuclear-armed countries that are a lot less stable than the US and Russia.

4) Unemployment means something different here.

In the United States, unemployment can very easily turn into living on the street with low chance of getting back into a home.

Look at the number of elderly people whose retirement plan has evolved into living in a van on BLM land. It's not pretty.
I think John Oliver put it best:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9PK-netuhHA
May be everyone on HN has Adblock/ PiHole on.

But this Blog, a single page has 5 Google Ads in it. I dont mind one or two, top and bottom. But 5, right in the middle of every section.
Here Chomsky's biggest concern is a nuclear war, for Elon Musk it's AI taking over the world. Almost every culture has its own version of this story (usually religious) about the world heading to a final event, and a new world order emerging thereafter. We humans are obsessed with stories of the end of the world.
Yeah but you access the same exact markets as the old days, just maybe not the new ones.
> You can use VNC/RDP to remote into a graphical session.

I didn't mean to imply that you couldn't. Rather I aimed to provide a broader sense for why someone might find a terminal based spreadsheet program useful.

> There's no advantage to the terminal based one other than maybe less network utilization.

I have to strongly disagree here. My experience with remote graphical environments, even on a wired LAN, has been less than satisfying. I suspect that a large factor for me is the latency; it doesn't take much to make a GUI feel "wrong" to me while a text based interface will just feel slow but not really bother me.

On top of such personal preferences, consider the overhead of running a graphical environment in every container or VM you might happen to make use of.
Ask HN: What movies that showcase leadership will you always recommend?
The military might be willing to risk flying people in electric multirotor craft for a few specialized missions such as casualty evacuation.
For anyone that have sore butt syndrome, here's my personal tip: improve blood circulation of your...butt!

I bought Steelcase Think six month ago to replace my $50 chair, and while it is good chair with good price and comfy-but-firm seat cushion, it cannot solve my chronic "sore butt" problem. Half and hour in the chair and my butt soreness begin to appear. Doesn't help that I'm the type that sit in front of monitor all day. I know I need to move more frequently, or did some light exercise or stretching, but when you need to work, you need to sit anyway.

Then I read that the soreness is the result of lack of blood circulation, so I decide to give thing that improve it a try: a beads car seat. You know, the vintage-looking one taxi driver use.

THE SORENESS IS GONE. It's been several months since. Now I can sit all day long without feeling a thing.

Note that the version I use is the 'beads mat' with rubber texture on the bottom(This is important because it help prevent the beads seat from slipping)
Progress (technological or otherwise) is exponential by nature, because it builds on itself. What has changed is that its pace has outstripped our capacity to integrate it. So our age of peak contribution trends lower, towards the younger generation, which has less to unlearn.

As I grow older, I can see how my thinking is affected by my past. Someone with an unencumbered perspective will do the new thing, when I cannot.
I have a question regarding dark personalities as they are called.

Now it seems clear to me that dark personalities are a problem. My question is, aren't these personalities evolutionary adaptations? And if they're evolutionary adaptations isn't the bigger problem the fact that the environment rewards them? I'm seeing a lot of people bordering on sociopathy who are highly successful.

Why focus on the individual instead of the environment that rewards him
If the VP of Engineering publicly states it's okay I will take his word for it. And it's definitely not clear depending on your country whether an EULA is enforceable or not.

And the reason it's not permitted in the EULA is because it would allow commercial competitors to build Hackintosh Macs which nearly destroyed the company during the Power Computing era.
It's not bad actually: https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...
You just made my case for me. The majority of people who live in cities in the US are not in the top 20 metropolitan areas, I think the majority will disagree with your idea of a city. Every city I've lived in was not in the top 20.

And frankly, even looking at some of the top 20 areas, some of them have pretty decent traffic. I know people who live in Phoenix (ranked 10th) whose commute is definitely under half an hour one way. And they live in nice areas.

Houston: Some of the major employers are in a crappy part of town. Very easy to find houses nearby, but few do so because they don't like the neighborhood. Still, the long commute is an active choice and not about affordability.

Take Manhattan. I got a call from a well known company to work there. I said "No way. Expensive and long commutes." The recruiter explained: No - just live in New Jersey. If you get the right neighborhood, the commute to work by public transit will be 30-40 minutes. I checked - he was right. Those New Jersey neighborhoods were decent ones, and the houses were about the same price as mine.

I haven't checked Chicago recently, but 10-15 years ago, you could easily find houses near enough the L-train such that your commute to downtown would be about 30 minutes.
Well, I extended upon my point in a consistent manner instead of weeble wobbling from one thing to the next while not really saying much, but that's an intended differentiation.

If you read it as a rephrasing that's ok too. Sometimes it's not a bad idea to rephrase a concept when someone has trouble understanding it.
We don't need warning signs, we need an alternative energy source.

Or we need environmentalists to stop attacking nuclear power.
You are so naive. Just like how naive Hongkongnese was 23 years ago. "One country, two system" was bait. Huawei and tiktok were also baits. Now they seems harmless. But will be not when they show their true color.
I even gave the disclaimer it's own paragraph.
You’re right. I will start the other way around.
Thank you for the words, I really appreciate it
> Isn't that Inversion Of Control, not Dependency Injection?

Dependency injection is one of the techniques used to implement inversion of control.

> I've always thought of Dependency Injection as about "declaring a class in terms of its dependencies' interfaces, but allowing a framework to take responsibility for instantiating the actual dependency objects" - whereas "a function that accepts a function" is IoC (e.g. https://kentcdodds.com/blog/inversion-of-control/)

Nope, dependency injection is about passing dependencies to the objects that depends on them (i.e., inject the dependency), instead of letting the object itself instantiate them directly or actively request access to them.

You may or may not depend on a framework to manage dependencies (service locator) and pass them to instances (service injector) but those are just helper components that assist with the whole dependency injection workflow. The key point is that dependencies are passed to the objects that depends on them.
Food intake is regulated primarily by dietary protein and carbohydrate
•
Low-protein, high-carbohydrate diets are associated with the longest lifespans
•
Energy reduction from high-protein diets or dietary dilution does not extend life

https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(14)...
And the beggar is supposed to be happy about this? "Ah yeah, life sucked, but at least that other dude died". Who thinks this way?
Appreciate the pause from your career (you‘ll probably get a new outlook on things), maybe view it as a personal development sabbatical. Schedule less work if you can, so you can sleep a bit during the day. DON‘T hesitate to ask people for help, even if you don’t want to be a burden and all - People know that life is hard for new parents, and most want to be useful in some way - it makes them feel good about themselves.
Autonomous operation is easier above the ground clutter in terms of navigation and collision avoidance, however dealing with failure modes is more difficult. It's impossible to code for every possible failure so the control system has to be smart enough to adapt to the unexpected in real time.
Imagine carrying it around on your smartphone/phablet to have it available at all times. Given a MicroSD with 512GB capacity that is more than half of total capacity for a single file.
As a very basic but very common example, I've seen many non-experts jump to encryption or symmetric crypto signatures whenever they want to prevent tampering with data, when what they needed was a simple integrity check.

Or, they want to do an integrity check, but don't realize that they need a canonical serialization algorithm for their implementation. So they use a standard, non-canonical serialization algorithm, and most of the time it works (because these algorithms typically don't vary that much, especially across tests on a single machine), but that's dangerous because it fails randomly in real life.

See more discussion here https://latacora.micro.blog/2019/07/24/how-not-to.html
thanks for the heads up! will change that! :)
I'm colorblind and have to call bullshit on all the people crying because they "saw red" for the first time. Try out "color vision" on your computer with a software-based screen filter that shifts the color intensities first before you buy these glasses. Now they've even tricked the government into it.
What are p-adic numbers? (2008)
MicroCOVID Project, Micromorts but for Covid
I'm struck by the unwillingness of people to say they don't know what's going on. But total disagreement on what's going on implies nobody really knows.

People have written an enormous amount on why HLF is/isn't a pyramid scheme. Yet it hasn't gone to zero yet. At the same time, it looks and smells fishy and people seem to agree the products are commodities. So how can it not be a scam?

It seems to me like the logical inference is that there is something hidden below the surface and that even with all the time Ackman and others put into researching it, there's something not public sustaining it.

Even if it's just a pyramid scheme, the mystery deepens, because some people who don't seem to be shills have written an unbelievable amount defending it.
Given the market over the past 100 years, that seems like a fairly reasonable assumption?
Ask HN: Simple collaborative CSS editing tool?
I'm looking for a web app or Chrome extension that lets someone make CSS changes to a page on an existing website - kind of like when using Chrome DevTools' Elements tab - and have those changes be visible to other people in a team. Also with the ability for anyone to export the CSS modifications to a file.

It could be made visible either by everyone on the team using a Chrome extension and seeing those changes applied to the actual page itself as they're viewing it, or it could be some other rendering of it within a web app, or even just a screenshot. Just some way so others can look at the page with the modified CSS applied.

Figma was the first thing I thought of, but from what I can tell, it doesn't seem like it's really intended for starting with a website and editing its CSS. I tried using the HTML To Figma plugin (https://github.com/BuilderIO/html-to-figma), as well as its Chrome extension, but every time I try to import the resulting JSON into Figma, the design looks messed up and nothing like the actual page, with many of the CSS rules seemingly not being applied. The plugin's readme mentions not all HTML and CSS is supported.

I'm not even looking for anything fancy that abstracts away the CSS editing behind a visual editor. I'd just like something that lets you edit CSS rules, similar to what you can currently do with Chrome DevTools, in a way that lets other people see those changes immediately. Or even if not immediately, a few minutes of delay is perfectly fine, too.

Basically just anything to improve/avoid the workflow of someone editing some CSS in DevTools' Elements tab, exporting a CSS file containing their modifications, sending the exported CSS file to someone else, them importing it, them seeing the changes, them tweaking some of the modifications, them exporting the CSS file, them sending the CSS file back, ..., etc.
The display quality is so far behind more modern laptops like the macbook pro though.
Oh, God; that brings back memories. It was like the Windows 3.1 days, right?