skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think most frameworks/languages swing in and out of the lime light. Using Ruby as an example, it was great then got really hot, then as you said Python got the data science boost and moved a lot of people there. I'm curious if Matz makes good on his promise to 3x Ruby that will result in Ruby getting some more data science libraries.

That said, last I checked regarding performance Rails and Django were pretty much neck and neck with a negligible difference with rails being very slightly faster (iirc).

I think also a big reason why Ruby is feature so heavily in this list is because of it's focus of developer productivity. It's a nice mesh of flexibility and convention. Generally all projects are setup and organized the same but you can still write a conditional if statement a dozen ways. Compared to my personal experience working with Django and Python are the woes of getting everything configured and setup for each project which is frankly a pita. Also, Python is fairly regimented on a lot of flexibility which has its perks too.
Every time I read about something like that, I can't help but think
about High Theory Of Education in Strugatsky bros' fictional Noon
Universe[1][2]. In that universe all children are taught by
professional mentors-teachers, one for every group of 3–7 children, in
what are essentially boarding schools. These mentors go through
a thirty-year rigorous training and a thorough psychological screening,
since they essentially decide the future of the children they're
educating, and thus the humanity and the universe.

[1] (in Russian) https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA...

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noon_Universe
Well, also yes, the side effect being that third party OBC's won't crash your game if they go down.

And I would point out I've gotten the OBC in the default plane models to crash a few times, they either get stuck in some undefined state or go black and recover after a few seconds. It's rather interesting to observe.
TDD is a lot like microservice adoption.

If you start your project planning on a microservice architecture it is relatively simple to design it properly. If your are migrating your monolithic application to microservices you are probably going to have a hard time.

TDD is similar. If you start the project planning on writing your application TDD style it will be simpler. Converting your large business critical, not written to be tested, application over to TDD is not impossible but it makes business sense to "ship it" and hope for the best. Hiring a QA engineer would probably be less expensive than your developers rewriting your application to be "testable".
I just consider TDD as Test During Development. 'During' can be before or after the actual code is written. When I say development is done I mean that the code is written and has been tested.

I have seen mocking and code coverage work really well for a large codebase so I am in favour of those things too. I am not dogmatic about it though. I choose when to apply those things.
Most billionaires haven't created a genocidal drug plague in America. Those who have should be at the very least shunned socially if we can't muster up a way of bankrupting them and throwing them in prison. I see the devastation of this all around me; this isn't some minor oopsie that resulted in a large fortune -it was the deliberate poisoning of large swathes of the country for profit.

You should make people aware of it when they invite you to events or places with their name on it. I've seen people call out Jeff Dean for inviting people to some Sackler named event; he seemed pretty horrified as well he should be.
No ^^
Your source says the chewing ice is a known symptom of anemia, but does not say how prevalent this symptom is in anemia-affected people.

So from that source you can't conclude that anemia "often" leads to chewing ice, it may very well be quite rare.

Abstractly, "A is often a consequence B" does not logically goes to "B often leads to A".

To use an extreme exemple, crossing paths with polar bears (chewing ice) is generally linked with dieing (anemia), but death is quite rarely caused by crossing paths with polar bears.
Curiosity and Perseverance's RTGs seem to have gone over fine in more recent years, though.
Would be interesting if our justice system spent as much effort on white collar crime, insider trading, financial misengineering, price fixing, etc.
Boppin'
Carlo Ratti Proposes 10M Sq.ft Extension to Brasilia’s Master Plan
Clearly Elon's afraid of failure too, good thing he didn't associate himself with highly difficult industries with very high probability of failure of creating an EV or reusable rockets!
Thank you very much. This is exactly the type of info I needed.
> The myth of data scientists as notebook jockeys is just one more symptom of the denial of SRE orgs to admit ML engineers are great system engineers

It's most obvious with this statement, but overall you seem to think "ML engineer == data scientist", which just isn't the case.
Obesity increases risk of Covid-19 death by 48%, study finds
This is (well, was) a new drug. Doctors cannot have learned about a drug in medical school when that drug did not exist when they were studying.

My parents are retired Dutch GPs who also ran a small pharmacy[0], so I know a little about how this works, at least in the Netherlands (I admit that this is a pretty big caveat, because (aside from the obvious biases that this introduces) the opioid crisis doesn't exist here - it seems to be a US-only thing. On the other hand, that only gives me more reason to suspect that the problem is systemic, not something to be blamed on individual doctors).

Every year doctors (or any other medical professional as well) have to attend a mandatory amount of lessons to update their knowledge of recent developments in their medical field. In my parents case this also was true for pharmaceutical knowledge. This is where they learn about new medications and their usage. So yeah, they do in fact learn which drug is supposedly safe to prescribe under which circumstances. But you know what is required for all of that to work? An authoritative source of trustworthy information on drug use.

Doctors only start prescribing a drug after it has been approved by the relevant governmental bodies for their usage. So if OxyContin got through the FDA, and was marked as safe for the usage it was advertised for, then I do not understand why you suggest that it's the fault of doctors that they prescribed it in those cases.

Sure, there might have been some stories going around that this drug might not be quite as safe as claimed, but keep in mind that at any given moment hundreds of quack medicine scaremongering stories are making the rounds. When given a choice between believing those, or the official body that is supposed to verify which drugs are safe or not, doctors will usually pick the latter, and in most cases rightly so.

[0] in the Netherlands this is relatively common in small countryside villages that are too small to sustain a pharmacist, who typically needs at least 5000 clients to be sustainable
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/15/arts/design/met-museum-sa...

The Sacklers have been donating huge sums to put their name on things for a long time.
Hey, don't mangle your metaphors! The ivory tower is full of tweed-wearing humanities and economics professors that nobody pays attention to. You must be thinking of some other building, full with fat cats. :P
I disagree with the title's assertion. We can and will go on. How will it happen? Market forces.

- Sprawl in high-risk areas: Fire insurance is prohibitively expensive. Organically, as the property attempts to be sold, new owners will pass if fire insurance is $50k per year. Existing owners will likely go without.

- NIMBYism: Requires a sizable set of land-owning voters to protect the third rail of California, that is, Prop 13. As affordability declines, fewer people will be incentivized to support policies that protect landowners at the ballot box, presuming voters rationally vote in their self-interest.

- Balancing air quality (smoke) vs public health (covid). Opening windows at home won't save you from Covid. What will? Eschewing business activity and public life where people congregate in enclosed spaces. If you're practicing social distancing, you can safely keep your windows closed if air quality is an issue.
(which is technically incorrect, because he cared very much for targeting accuracy).
> Page caching is way too aggressive. It's not acceptable to show days old versions of a website in a new tab. Yet, this happens to me on pretty much all news websites and blogs that I visit. Including HN. I have to reload freshly opened news websites to get the current version. To me this feels like a bug and I hope this is not actually intended behavior (that would be seriously misguided).

If this is with collections, apparently it's intentional: https://github.com/mozilla-mobile/fenix/issues/10417
I dare to say that I'll never donate for a charity which takes money from the Sacklers. I will remember the name for the rest of my life.

I think this is too big to be easily cleaned up.
> "Reform the police" is a perfectly fine slogan that captures what they claim to want. I

It is not, because the “police reform” movement of the last several decades that drives more funding for retraining and additional resources to police in the name of correcting the exact same problems “defund the police” sellar to address is exactly what they are diametrically opposed to and a reason against, and blame for exacerbating the problem by further draining resources from other local services and leading to police taking even more responsibilities outside of their core competencies.

I mean, sure, in a context-free sense, yes, what they seek is, or includes, reform of policing, but that slogan has existing loading in the current context and it's something the group in question defines themself on opposition to, so no, it's not a perfectly fine slogan, any more than “pro-life” would be for a movement for robust publicly funded universal healthcare including comprehensive reproductive health coverage.
I know what TDD means. I write tests before I write my code.

Usually I write out a set of tests (this should this X, Y and Z but not H, I, J) and then I implement whatever thing I need to add.

Same with bug fixes or changes. Bug fix: reproduce in tests, then fix bug. Change: change or create new tests, then update code.
Supersonic passenger jets are currently an untapped market with zero competition. The traditional players have decided it's not a useful market to chase. The technology of a supersonic is also sufficiently different from a sub-sonic jet that it will be tough to chase them once they bring a product to market.

Regional jets have been optimized over the better part of a century, are heavily regulated and have heavy competition from incumbent players. Based on the historic gains in commuter flight performance we're likely within 10-20% of the optimum plane configuration for any given market. A new entrant would take ~10 years to bring an aircraft to market, during which time an incumbent could introduce a competing aircraft or simply leverage their existing product lines and sales channels to compete with suboptimal aircraft.
“TDD, much like scrum, got corrupted by the "Agile Consulting Industry". Sticking to the original principles as laid out by Kent Beck results in fairly sane practices.”

Totally agree. Somehow every good idea gets converted to a rigid ideology after a while. Same for OOP. It’s a solid idea but then the ideologues pushed it way too far. And instead of dialing back a little we see other ideologues declare “X is dead“ and the pendulum swings into another extreme direction.

My company is generally behind the curve so now people have been bitten by the REST, JSON, Microservice bug. They don’t know why or what it really is but things have to be done that way. That together with calling themselves “agile” without understanding what it means besides using JIRA and having fixed sprints.
w00t!!
Was expecting a redirect to Hoooooooooooo.com....but the site I was thinking of is https://heeeeeeeey.com/
It's okay. I'll be working somewhere else in two years and someone else can figure out how to fix the bug ridden code I wrote /s.
> A retimer is a mixed signal analog/digital device that is protocol-aware and has the ability to fully recover the data, extract the embedded clock and retransmit a fresh copy of the data using a clean clock.

How does the retimer recover the underlying clock if the signal is (say) all zeroes for an extended period of time?

And why is clock recovery from the data signal necessary in the first place? Can't the clock signal be recovered from the clock signal itself? Iow, why is the clock signal not one of the inputs to the retimer?
Yes that’s how I’m doing my daily job. Not sure if my apps have 100% coverage but I’m pretty sure it will be pretty close.

Edit: I ran a coverage report on the app I’m working on and it’s 84% (4129 of 4936 LOC).

Untested parts are related to deleted features, dead code or some weird error conditions I didn’t care to test.

There are also some admin only related pages that are untested, and some stuff have their tests disabled because they directly communicate with production APIs because these services don’t have test apis
Reminds me of Accelerando:

"My name is Alan Glashwiecz, of Smoot, Sedgwick Associates. Am I correct in thinking that you are the Manfred Macx who is a director of a company called, uh, agalmic dot holdings dot root dot one-eight-four dot ninety-seven dot A-for-able dot B-for-baker dot five, incorporated?"

"Uh." Manfred blinks and rubs his eyes. "Hold on a moment." When the retinal patterns fade, he pulls on his glasses and powers them up. "Just a second now." Browsers and menus ricochet through his sleep-laden eyes. "Can you repeat the company name?"

"Sure." Glashwiecz repeats himself patiently. He sounds as tired as Manfred feels.

"Um." Manfred finds it, floating three tiers down an elaborate object hierarchy. It's flashing for attention. There's a priority interrupt, an incoming lawsuit that hasn't propagated up the inheritance tree yet. He prods at the object with a property browser. "I'm afraid I'm not a director of that company, Mr. Glashwiecz. I appear to be retained by it as a technical contractor with non-executive power, reporting to the president, but frankly, this is the first time I've ever heard of the company. However, I can tell you who's in charge if you want."

"Yes?" The attorney sounds almost interested. Manfred figures it out; the guy's in New Jersey, it must be about three in the morning over there.

Malice – revenge for waking him up – sharpens Manfred's voice. "The president of agalmic.holdings.root.184.97.AB5 is agalmic.holdings.root.184.97.201. The secretary is agalmic.holdings.root.184.D5, and the chair is agalmic.holdings.root.184.E8.FF. All the shares are owned by those companies in equal measure, and I can tell you that their regulations are written in Python. Have a nice day, now!" He thumps the bedside phone control and sits up, yawning, then pushes the do-not-disturb button before it can interrupt again. After a moment he stands up and stretches, then heads to the bathroom to brush his teeth, comb his hair, and figure out where the lawsuit originated and how a human being managed to get far enough through his web of robot companies to bug him.

...

One of his e-mail accounts is halfway to the moon with automatic messages, companies with names like agalmic.holdings.root.8E.F0 screaming for the attention of their transitive director. Each of these companies – and there are currently more than sixteen thousand of them, although the herd is growing day by day – has three directors and is the director of three other companies. Each of them executes a script in a functional language Manfred invented; the directors tell the company what to do, and the instructions include orders to pass instructions on to their children. In effect, they are a flock of cellular automata, like the cells in Conway's Game of Life, only far more complex and powerful.

http://www.accelerando.org/
The for-profit Mozilla Corporation laid off developers. The not-for-profit Mozilla Foundation is launching this initiative.
Enterprise shills back in full force
Asked of Cliff Stoll for his PhD defense: "Why is the sky blue?"
> It's harder to do generic polymorphism in OCaml since the language has nothing like C++'s parametric templates or Haskell's type classes. It does have a very nice module system that has the required flexibility, but compared to these languages, I think it is clunky for the kind of genericity seen in scientific computing.

Are parametrized modules really clunkier than parametric templates ?
My personal view is that it's an integration test only if the test actively involves external components (like a real database, some other api, etc..). I don't use integration test terminology if all those external components are mocked/stubbed out (even if it encompasses a large "unit").

I also call those mocked surface area tests "functional" tests, partially to differentiate them from non-mocked integration tests, and partially because people get too hung up on the "unit" term.
TypeScript vs JavaScript
yes, I took "Nature of Math". Wonderful course and his delivery was excellent. I almost ended up being the TA the next quarter. It was my introduction to many things, including birthday paradox and analytic solutions for tertiary equations.
Watch the video to learn about TypeScript features and how TS is different from JS.
Good stuff! Love OCaml and functional programming in the spotlight.
Thanks for posting this. A while back I saw his blog post about oaths and vows [0] linked here on HN and it was an excellent read. I wasn't fortunate enough to have a thorough or rigorous history education, so I never thought I liked it. His blog has definitely kindled an interest in the subject I never knew I had.

[0] https://acoup.blog/2019/06/28/collections-oaths-how-do-they-...
I'm concerned our justice systems is expending enormous resources investigating and prosecuting these cases as felony crimes on behalf of the MPAA and RIAA lobbies (which have a revolving door of former fed prosecutors as employees/lobbyists). The cases are more properly pursued in civil court where the pirates should be sued for the damages they cause (not agreeing with MPAA's damage assessment, that's for the judge/jury).

Mis-using international racketeering laws and cooperation agreements between agencies to pursue online software pirates is not what these systems were created for. Another example is Kim Dotcom. He may indeed be liable for significant damages (I don't know) but the MPAA designed their attack knowing that the prosecution itself would inflict massive punishment (ending the company, incarcerating or confining the execs) before it ever got to court. It's a clear abuse of the global justice system and a waste of its resources.

And all of that is before we even get to the moral and ethical debate about the true damages from purely electronic, not-for-profit media piracy clubs. Studies have shown that frequent pirated media downloaders are among the relevant industry's best, highest-spending customers. And it's also been shown that the majority of users will pay reasonable prices for convenient media access via subscription or purchase (Netflix, Spotify, ITunes, etc). Despite "crying poor", the music industry is now back to making more than it ever did in the era of $18 CDs, with more (and happier) customers.
Are you contending that virtue signalling isn't real, or that what is claimed to be virtue signaling isn't and so the phrase becomes a kind of slur?

My opinion is that virtue signalling is real, and, further, that "signalling" doesn't just have an effect on other people, it can change our own disposition.

The use of the phrase "virtue signalling" is sometimes applied in reverse, describing someone that is insufferably smug and exudes a sense of unearned moral superiority and ascribing those traits to their desire to signal their piety to others. Oddly, I find that a kindness as it means these undesirable traits have an external cause and can therefore be corrected.
A conclusion based on those polls for affirmative action in college is that people support the general principle of getting more minorities into college, but do not support the current methods applied under affirmative action. When specifics are outlined for respondents the support drops.

This has less to do with the style of shaping the response by what kind of questions are made, and more to do with what the question is. Support for a concept is not the same as support for a specific action. If you ask people to choose between multiple of bad choices in order to achieve a common good then the goal is likely to have a significant higher support than any of the bad choices.
Pressure Transducer Applications
I was around 17 when I was homeless. Now nearly 60. I am gonna guess the experience would be very different had it happened now. For a start, the toilet I used, the public bathroom I used and the park I slept in are all now fenced off. Also... begging money had less competition then.
> Facebook does some OCaml too

Using an ML or a Lisp for language tooling is the way to go. Nothing else in that league.
Bitconeeeeeeeeeeeee
Actually even if you are not 5 this totally misses the point about the DCT. Especially the AC components are not explained.
Microsoft isn't the only provider of certificates. It's more like the web where there are many authorities, not just one. If Epic were getting their cert from Microsoft and Microsoft retaliated to something Epic did with Fortnite on Xbox by revoking their certificate on Windows, Epic could just switch to a different provider for their EV cert.

The other difference is the message itself. Windows just displays a warning that the software couldn't be checked by smartscreen.[1] Once the app is used by enough people for the app to be in the smartscreen system the warning will disappear. Users will still see that the publisher is "unknown" though.[2] MacOS directs users to contact the developer that the app must be "updated" even if the only issue with the app is that it isn't notarized. A more fair message would be along the lines of "This app has not been notarized by Apple. Only run the application if you trust the source."

Code signing is intended to verify that the app actually came from who you think it came from. If the certificate for MS Word is unknown or something other than Microsoft you know something's not right and it's either been modified by a third party or not MS Word at all. Apple is using code signing to exert control over Epic Games rather than it's intended purpose to verify to MacOS users that their Unreal Engine in fact came from Epic.

1. https://www.ghacks.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/windows-10...

2. https://www.techspot.com/articles-info/1718/images/2018-10-0...
When your furry friends are your coworkers
It let me understand views and transforms! I've read countless articles that talk about transforms and I realized I previously didn't properly understand them until at all!
How US and Russian Nuclear Arsenals Have Shrunk
Can I ask the obvious question? What good is a stationary lab in one spot in the ocean? Didn't we do plenty of that in the 70's?

If you really want something interesting, build a sub that can park itself in stationary locations or some sort of crawler lab with legs that do minimal impact on the floor and have the ability to reach the deepest parts such as the Mariana Trench. The ocean is huge and parking in one spot seems ridiculous.
Really? Just made me more reluctant to use a language without sum types :p