skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Filecoin is a blockchain which Protocol Labs is using to (a) creating a decentralized way to pay miners to pin your file (i.e. store a permanent copy of your file) and (b) partially used as a funding source for the core project through its ICO.

Beyond that, [here](https://discuss.ipfs.io/t/ipfs-incentives/2456/2) is a good explanation.

To elaborate a bit more: When you set up a node using an unmodified version of their program at the moment, you tell it how much storage to allocate and it will automatically fill the remaining space that you're not using with cached chunks of other peoples' files, essentially "donating" your extra resources. When you fetch a file, your computer will purge the LRU chunks and replace it with that data you just fetched and store that in the cache. This way, the more people who access a file, the more widely distributed that file is cached.

For example, Cloudflare hosts an [IPFS gateway](https://blog.cloudflare.com/distributed-web-gateway/). Since it's in their interest to deliver these files as fast as possible, their nodes which fetched these files from the IPFS network will have them cached and available to anyone else who requests said files. While it's definitely not the same concept in terms of incentive/resource intensiveness/authority, my hope is that IPFS will work well for the same reason things like DNS works effectively. Time will tell on this one.
Exactly. The paper itself concludes somewhat softer that "children may be a potential source of contagion in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in spite of milder disease or lack of symptoms"

The patient group consisted of "children ... presenting to urgent care clinics or being hospitalized for confirmed/suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children", so they are pre-selected , making the role of the full amount of children in the population in spreading harder to know.

As you note, that doesnt rule it out either.
Models are great but doesn't this all hinge on quality of the data inputs? In 2016 polls fielded the day before the election had Clinton up by 10 points in Wisconsin. Why did the polls and the election differ so greatly?

Here's the last poll Google collected in Wisconsin in 2016:
https://datastudio.google.com/s/kcPRGFaMaO0
GPT-3's failure at larger addition sizes is almost fully due to BPE, which is incredibly pathological (392 is a ‘digit’, 393 is not; GPT-3 is also never told about the BPE scheme). When using commas, GPT-3 does OK at larger sizes. Not perfect, but certainly better than should be expected of it, given how bad BPEs are.

http://gptprompts.wikidot.com/logic:math
For anyone with a history of probabilistic predictions, the goal is to be well-calibrated. For predictions that have 70% likelihood, you want to be right 70% of the time. 90% likelihood, you want to be right 90% of the time. There's a mathematical way to analyze an entire set of predictions and determine how well-calibrated that set of predictions is. Silver claims 538's predictions are well-calibrated.

There are also tools and websites out there that people can use to make predictions and track their own calibration over time. They're pretty fun in terms of encouraging one's own sense of rationality.
Ask HN: Subtracting off unwanted porn results is not allowed anywhere – why?
Has anybody else noticed you cannot use the subtraction operator on any porn sites?

This strikes me as needing explanation. It is like a world for which every choice exists - except the choice to opt out.

There are people who want all the porn - there are people who want no porn - but between a bigger group has some fetishes and are disgusted by others. Why then does the standard negation operator not work on any mainstream porn channel?

I could make some guesses - but you have to admit this is a deliberate choice by the porn search engines - I know everybody on HN knows this is not a technical issue - so I'm asking if this is a known business decision or a known social intervention.
I don't see the point of any of this, be that the original article or your points. The idea that there is a likely continuation of the story based on a few sentences as a prompt meanders between useless and wrong. It's useless because nobody wants to hear the most likely continuation of a story. It's also wrong because there is no most likely continuation without having a plot in mind. A good writer could invent almost any continuation for any of the example stories and could make it convincing and interesting.

To ask another way: What's the application of completing "stories" like that? What is the ability of doing it supposed to show?

I don't want to sound defeatist, maybe I'm really missing the point, but to me this has no more to do with Artifical Intelligence than the Hidden Markov Chain story gobblers from the 80s.
FounderSec: New Security Newsletter for Founders
Hi all, I just launched a new straight-to-the-point cybersecurity newsletter for startup founders, entrepreneurs, freelancers, and influencers. I provide the important info in the shortest posts I can possible make every week.

You can read more about it here:
https://foundersec.substack.com/p/coming-soon

Our first newsletter just went out about why you need password manager to mitigate the damages of services getting breached by having unique and strong passwords for all your accounts. I recommend Bitwarden:
https://foundersec.substack.com/p/password-managers

Love to get some feedback and know what y'all think!
How to Build Grit for Life Success – The Hidden Power of Comic Book Hero
My wife is treasurer of a non-profit and has to deal with annoying physical paper once a month or so.
Being a proxy and cache is their business. All it takes to set things up that way is then a little bit of configuration that points to the actual origin.

I think if they would be an official mirror there would be a fair amount of more work being involved. Eg you can’t just randomly wipe the cache anymore and need to have higher persistence guarantees, since you are not supposed to refetch from other mirrors all the time.
Show HN: Lincluster – Quick and easy Linux cluster management
I believe you can boot from USB now, even on the Pi 4. No way I'd rely on an SD card for the OS if this was to be used over a long period. I saw too many of those fail or become corrupted over time, even when minimizing writes.
The relevant code can be found here I believe:
https://github.com/archlinux/archweb/blob/master/mirrors/man...
The first two pages of each chapter available at this link.

More details here: https://letterstoanewdeveloper.com/2020/08/17/letters-to-a-n...
BSAVE Image Format
Intelligent?
What do you think intelligent actually means?
Simon Singh was successfully sued by the British Chiropractic association for pointing out they are quacks. (Edit to add: I just checked and he appealed a point of law successfully and then they withdrew — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Chiropractic_Associati... — but as I understand it such a case would be laughed out of a US court.)

Although I'd agree with the general point that whilst America has good theoretically human rights, the EU is better at actual rights (and in particular, rights against corporations).
Exactly... I think that each browser should be responsible for offering its own documentation on its web APIs (after all, documentation is what allows developers to develop on your platform)... This is not the case, And although some browsers offer technical help (like your team), I think that all browsers should offer both technical and monetary help to MDN, or else, each browser finances its own documentation repository.
Future of DeepSpeech / STT after recent changes at Mozilla
Really? They are so hellbent on proving alien life that they take anything huh... And that from a Harvard professor. Great.

So what do we have here. Some cigar shaped object, rotating around its own axis and accelerating somehow. I know, this must be an "advanced" alien space ship.

Or it could be just some debris from a collision from god knows where. And that crap is now heating up while approaching our solar system and you know, frozen stuff starts to evaporate and accelerating this object.

I still find it fascinating how even professors who should know better, just pull these crazy ideas out of their hat. Usually the simple explanation is the right one, and given that humans have no visibility into space whatsoever, it is kinda interesting to come up with theories like that. They have no clue where this thing came from, but make grand assumptions about how it must have behaved in the past.
Do I understand correctly that you have now read the article?

Because otherwise, I'd rather wait until you have, as most questions are already answered within.
Hi HN! I'd like to show you something I've been working on for a while.

I often find myself setting up a number of linux servers and getting frustrated at the tools available to easily coordinate them. I'm talking about basic things - configuring ssh keys, users, installing the same few packages (ufw, fail2ban, git, ...), configuring wireguard so they can securely talk to each other, and then keeping them in sync. I usually end up with a couple of ansible playbooks and disparate notes spread over the place containing info on what server does what, how they are configured, which playbooks to run, and so on.

I've been building Lincluster in order to address some of these issues. The idea is that once the master is configured, introducing a new node to the cluster is a simple as `wget`'ing and running a single binary that then coordinates with the master in order to fetch the latest package states and system configuration files.

The major features I have so far (that have been personal pain points in the past) are -

- Installing a preconfigured set of packages, and installing new ones / removing old ones when this list changes
- Automatically copying configuration files to specific places
- Being able to have a central auth service, so you don't need to copy ssh keys to each node and update them all when adding/removing authenticated users
- Having a quick UI to instantly bring up an in-browser shell to any of the servers

I intend for it to be completely free for personal use, and I'm currently thinking about pricing models for business use.

I'd love to hear any and all feedback on Lincluster! :-)
Will that be the most valuable asset put in space on one lunch? Aside from stuff we don’t know about of course?
Hey! Founder of Cuppa here.

I hear you, it was one of my concerns at the start. But we highly curate the beta invites and through the onboarding we consistently mention it is NOT for self-promotion or pitching because that leaves a sour taste in most cases. And we take the membership seriously, 3 strikes of such incidents reported and you'll be suspended!

We are attracting folks who love talking shop in a friendly environment on video. Most of our users are makers/founders (70%) and they love showing their projects and getting feedback or jamming with other peers.

Check out this page with lots of such good examples:
https://www.getcuppa.io/love
I’m a sucker for any kind of complexity theorizing but I don’t see where this is going.
The article is of course right but also a bit silly. Language models like GPT-X are producing grammatically correct sentences, along the lines of "Colorless green ideas sleep furiously". The NLP research more or less solved the old syntax problem using 'distributional semantics' but 'semantics' is a misnomer, it's all about syntax.

In fact the most useful part of the article for me is that they mentioned Douglas Summers-Stay, who does some interesting work on 'common sense' engineering, combining syntax engines like GPT-3 with knowledge graphs. https://sci-hub.tw/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/art...

My bet is that actual AI will come from combination of these statistics-driven syntax generators with graphical causality models. Treating syntax as a kind of lower level substrate, akin to sensory modalities in vision, with intelligence model as a directed causal graph linking concepts at different levels of abstraction/chunking.

As a side note it’s funny that people working on artificial intelligence at OpenAI and elsewhere are mostly computer scientists, not cognitive psychologists or neuroscientists who might actually have a clue how intelligence works. This probably explains the proliferation of ‘backpropagation’ as primary method of artificial learning. These people are just naturally good at calculus in high school, so it’s a hammer that found its proverbial nail.
I feel we’ll be visiting it in a couple hundred years.
Yeah, those guys who want to retire early on dividend payments from companies whose products they condemn because consumerism is horrible.
That only works if the system you're trying to boot the drive from has NTFS UEFI drivers, or if you format your drive as FAT32. Recent versions of Windows 10 cannot be copied and pasted to FAT32 drives because the system image is bigger than 4 GB.
I'm getting impatient with criticisms of ML models that are already covered in the papers introducing the models. OP is basically trying to get it to do what the GPT3 paper calls zero-shot inference. In the paper, it's pretty bad at zero shot inference across the board. And given what it does and how it was trained, that's unsurprising. And the point they're trying to make (that it can fail spectacularly) is also covered in the paper.

It can do cool shit. It sucks at a lot of stuff. It's impressive and limited, but the hype train seems to only allow "it's nearly human level" or "it's awful." To everybody who is arguing about its capabilities without having read the paper yet, please read it. Then we can discuss stuff that hasn't already been covered more rigorously in the original paper. I don't know Davis, but I respect Marcus, and it seems like he's pushing back on the hype more than the actual model. Just not in a way that you couldn't glean from the paper itself (it almost always sucks on zero-shot), making it pretty disingenuous. Further, from the paper [0]:

> it does little better than chance when evaluated one-shot or even few-shot on some “comparison” tasks, such as determining if two words are used the same way in a sentence, or if one sentence implies another (WIC and ANLI respectively), as well as on a subset of reading comprehension tasks.

Maybe that's the curse of doing a thing that has broad implications. You can't fit the implications in a 10 page paper, so you write a 75 page paper. The blogosphere reads the first 10 pages (if even that), and because there's so much more to it that that introduction, they go on to argue about the rest of the implications without reading it. I'm sure Marcus and Davis have read it, but this criticism wouldn't be on the front page if the rest of everyone interested in this article had read the paper too.

[0] Language Models are Few-Shot Learners https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165
Does it cope well with on-the-fly transcodes (1, maybe 2 simultaneously) with Plex? Just in case it encounters a client that cannot direct-play a video.
> if continues a bad prompt in an absurd or comical way does not demonstrate it doesn't "understand" common facts.

Well then you can justify it outputting anything at all.
Posted wrongly so pasting from above.

WoW, lots of angry words. West has its problems but they don't compare to China.
But to the current point if Google is restricted in China why should TikTok have free reign ?

And to elaborate on threat to the world:

1. Who caused current pandemic and why?

2. How many died in Wuhan any why there is no honest disclose despite entire world suffering?

3. Why China is engaged in border conflict with every single neighbor on some pretext or other?

4. How do you justify oppressive social credit system?
Thanks to both of you. So it would only work the way I assumed if the easy one is that full cone type that doesn't have a firewall at all.
How did the cpu throttling not kick-in and prevent this from happening? Mine gets hot and gets slow. It does not melt.
only works if you are already using windows and therefore can use diskpart/"mark as active", or you are booting from an extended uefi firmware with the appropriate drivers (e.g. dell).
I think this is precisely true. The difference is, I usually go days and say thousands of sentences without my words degenerating into nonsense. And usually if I say some nonsense it's because I'm sleepy or drunk, so if I'm trying hard to be not-nonsensical I can reduce my error level to under 0.1%. GPT-3's nonsense-rate is much higher. So, I think it is promising to simply scale up this model and see how much the error rate can be reduced. Perhaps a focus on simple quantitative improvement from here can lead to a much more human performance.
Speaking of pet theories, here is mine: There exists a sentry system of interstellar buoys that get sucked into star systems passing by. Perhaps with a solar sail, so they can control a bit which stars they want to take a closer look at. Our solar system become "recently" a candidate for obvious reasons. The probe made its analysis and plotted a fast escape, sending a tight laser beam to the next closest relay station. A fleet of planet biosphere erasing machine intelligence dispatch is on its way. Probably some ancient left over from AIGs engaged in eternal warfare. Hence a dead silent galaxy, a rather dark forest.
UBoot is not generally stored in boot ROM. The boot ROM loads the UBoot binary from somewhere (eg. eMMC, SD, etc) to some RAM, and jumps there.
In case of in place execution, that is not ROM anyway. You may XIP from a NOR memory, but that is still not ROM.
Sure and if they'd market their courses like that there would be no critique. But this is not how these things are sold. They promise unlimited upside and no downside.
I find voice control helpful when entering text. Instead of trying to arrow in "The Simpsons season 6 episode 3" on a remote, you can just get it transcribed.
2020 isn't quite over yet
Thank you, Ben! Our go-to-market since March has been attract interesting builders/makers from both code and no-code community via Twitter. It's been going great...had over 1100+ Cuppas (30 min virtual coffee dates) so far!

The onboarding has a set of questions like "Whats your fav coffee shop in your city?" but totally agree the "coffee/tea" would add a bit more personality to the questions!
I’m an adjunct at a top 30 b school (not US but top 30 global), and I tried to fail a student and the administration made it pretty clear that wasn’t going to happen. I don’t even think he had undergraduate freshman level of business acumen, let alone MBA level.
I think you get that with FBX but it's not a big deal since most time you create your own materials.
>I think it's kinda cool to consider that rogue planets / brown dwarfs [0] could be candidates for extending human life beyond the solar system post-Sol. Assuming we have enough fissile material (or master cold fusion) to perpetuate the civilization's energy requirements, we could explore the stars in darkness for eons.

Every time I read a comment like this I wonder if people have actually taken the time to consider what living off the Earth would actually be like.

The quality of life for anyone living off the Earth would be abysmal. Think of the most barren, hostile, nearly uninhabitable places on Earth, they're still magnitudes higher in habitability than anywhere we're likely to find outside Earth.

Then if somehow we actually manage to find a place with a climate similar to Earth, that may even have some life or organic material, there's the issue of compatibility.

Look at the issues humans have just travelling from one side of the world to the other. Pathogens, the environment, even the food can cause problems, let alone a place with entirely alien life.

Take something as simple as the prion that causes mad cow disease, it's a protein.

What kinds of bacteria, virii, amoebas, fungi, parasites etc. Will we encounter? Would we even know we're infected until it'a too late?

Maybe some kind of strange prion or virus that systemically and harmfully alters humans in a way that's undetectable until the whole population is infected?

I mean this happens still here, with life on our own world.

But, before all that is the endless darkness, entire generations living like nomads in the cold, black emptiness of space. Entire generations seeing nothing, living their lives only so their children's children's children can maybe someday see something.

Overall though, the idea that we can just escape the Earth someday so it'll be fine just leads to shortsighted neglectful actions that destroy the planet.

That colonial, we can just expand and keep growing indefinitely and just move to a new place, mindset stopped being reasonable the moment we spread across the world. Moving to a new planet is not the same as just hopping in a ship and sailing across the ocean. It's not a reasonable backup plan, it's not a reasonable solution.

We have one home, Earth, we are all made from this place, someday we go back to it. No other place we ever may find will be our home the way the Earth is. The idea we should just use and abandon the Earth is just so incredibly backwards to the way we should be thinking.
What are the models useful for?

As best I can tell the only thing would be some kind of GMail-like auto-reply which a human consciously edits, and which has little consequence if it's wrong.

Are the models useful for customer service? Like reading a manual or knowledgebase and then answering a customer's questions about a product, and troubleshooting problems? Like about your Android phone, which lots of people have trouble using?

That would be a trillion dollar business. As best as I can tell that's completely beyond GPT-3 and requires a huge breakthrough, which may or may not happen.
Also, better prompt design if you have make implicit meaning explicit can improve the WiC score (http://gptprompts.wikidot.com/linguistics:word-in-context) and ANLI score (http://gptprompts.wikidot.com/linguistics:anli).
hey, not sure what that means.

Think of like a virtual cafe where you can serendipitously run into folks you know from Twitter.

One day it could be some one big (let's say an influencer!) or another day it could a peer maker/developer with just 100 followers but who has a cool portfolio.
you're talking about different things. u-boot is not a boot rom. the actual bootrom is a maskrom on the a64. the maskrom looks to spi/mmc for spl and u-boot.

notably neither spl nor u-boot are xip in this case. spi/mmc are both easily overwritten from within u-boot (or any os loaded later)
u-boot is not a boot rom. it is a bootloader.
You raise an interesting point here:

Who has the burden of proof here? Should disparity in SIM card ownership be proven? Or the fact that they are evenly distributed be proven? Few things in life are evenly distributed, disparity is the norm!
how much total did you earn for that?
Holy hell, it'd be nice if I finished my thought. We're creating a world where fewer and fewer people are capable of marshaling more and more destructive power.

This does not bode well in terms of the law of large numbers being able to temper the extreme characters that setup may invite.
Wow. The inefficiency of having to dedicate an employees to that paperwork (and probably the same manpower on the government side to receive it and take action) make it sounds like a welfare/job program.

Would be way more efficient to simply drop the tax rate and make these 2 positions redundant, freeing more money for actual R&D.

The post-thesis bit is interesting: How is it the taxpayer's job to finance that? I get funding the thesis themselves but why should a company get funding for hiring someone who completed one? Shouldn't the thesis make the employee more valuable thus negating the need for this welfare?