skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Herd immunity was England's plan initially - until they ran the numbers.

Then they looked at a new model and realised that if they achieved herd immunity, the predicted number of people who would die, this summer, was going to be massive.

They also realised that some of those deaths would be due to the healthcare system being unable to treat a lot of people, making the number who would die even larger, and avoidably so. Presumably hospitals turning critical patients away would also be socially & politically disastrous. This started the "flatten the curve" strategy.

So they rapidly did a U-turn towards progressively increasing lockdowns, and now decreasing restrictions.

Now with a bit more thinking behind us, we also realise herd immunity might not even work as predicted, because it's not clear what are the long term effects of the virus, including immunity and ability to be infectious to others after new exposure despite having had the virus before.

Like in the USA, people aren't complying with much consistency, and it looks obvious that many people, mostly younger, don't care to protect others. The emerging anecdotes and data about long term damage when surviving do not seem to bother them either.

Nonetheless, it looks like the strategy has made a large difference to the outcome compared with what early models predicted if there were no restrictions.

And now with the emerging data about long term harm (including evidence suggesting asymptomatic carriers who don't know they had it but may have sustained organ damage affecting them in future), we can be confident the strategy, by reducing the numbers of people who get it, will have made a difference to more people than previously thought.

This doesn't stop a few people from saying that the lockdown was unnecessary because there were only X deaths and the temporary new hospitals were not much used, when X is because of lockdown (and is larger than the models predicted). There are people with no brain apparently.
Why wouldn't a malware author just... do that?
Their new "enterprise" customers
> Also humanity and evolution has a coping mechanism called natural selection.

So the phrase "Survival of the Fittest" refers in the abstract to the idea that, given fitness function F, members of a species who pass fitness function F will out-survive members who fail function F and then reproduce in higher numbers. But natural selection itself does not define any fitness functions, and makes no mention of a "universal fitness quality" that can be used to judge the fitness of an individual.

The fitness functions that nature comes up with are pretty arbitrary, and don't necessarily align with cultural ideas about merit, fitness or attractiveness. A disease that weakens bones could kill more tall people than short people, a disorder that exploits muscle tissue might affect people who work out more, and a respiratory disease that spreads through the air could take down more sociable people while allowing introverts who stay inside to survive.

The point of modern medicine is that we recognize these many of these fitness functions have no meaning beyond the immediate danger they present. And we can use technology to say "that fitness function is dumb" and remove it from the equation. In doing so, we aren't "unlearning a lesson nature wanted us to learn", we're protecting ourselves from the meaningless and arbitrary rocks that nature occasionally throws at us, and as a result we are increasing human lifespan and quality of life. (And yes, you can quibble about stretching out the suffering of people with terminal cancer, but the millions of children who don't pointlessly die of infant diarrhea each year would probably push back a bit)
Sure, but I picked that specifically because it seemed to be what the parent comment was talking about.
Is this something you can turn off?
If you want your computer back, use this to disable the protections. In the system preferences, a new option is enabled under the security section, "Allow apps downloaded from: Anywhere"

> sudo spctl --master-disable

> sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.security GKAutoRearm -bool false

> :> ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.LaunchServices.QuarantineEventsV2

> sudo chflags simmutable ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.LaunchServices.QuarantineEventsV2

You may need to disable system integrity protection to do this

> csrutil disable

If you know what you're doing, like probably everyone here, you don't need any of this junk. I didn't need it in 1998, and I don't need it now either.
This is the right way of viewing it. What unsafe means to a person is fairly irrelevant. What it means to the compiler is 'please insert this code where I have checked the guarantees rather than you'.

Doing this a lot in pure Rust is a bad smell because you usually have other options and you're opening yourself up to risk. In this case the code exists and you already own all that risk so it's perfectly reasonable.
I guess I should have been more explicit. It is very obvious that in early 2020 we barely knew anything about this specific Coronavirus.

The fact that we are still following the same guidelines as we did in February makes it pretty obvious that governments are not really working with the new data currently coming out, but instead still trying to scramble to put a cap on any possible downside COVID has.

To put it in other terms, most world governments (and majority of their people in some cases!) are thinking like this currently, in terms of "amount of danger"

potential, currently unknown, negative outcomes related to COVID > millions without jobs, tens of millions stuck inside getting cabin fever and whole industries collapsing.
To reiterate, the problem with the existing license based downclocking is that a few AVX-512 operations can drop your frequency for subsequent scalar loads on the same core so you need to carefully analyze the overall application to make sure that you have enough AVX-512 work over which you can amortize the loss in performance in the rest of your code that is affected by the frequency drop.

If the only issue with AVX-512 is thermal downclocking because you end up using more power, it's almost definitely because you are getting more work done per time. A few AVX-512 instructions in a mostly scalar workload is not going to significantly increase power dissipation and therefore should not induce thermal downclocking, while a heavily utilized AVX-512 kernel will burn power, but should also be doing work twice as fast per instruction.
Funny, the kid is behaving like the parent. Where could that come from?
There is always inequality in all aspects of life. We all do not perform on the same level. Looking at a specific point in time and comparing inequality is a poor measure of society. The only measure that matters is improvement over time.

Upon independence, "Singapore faced a small domestic market, and high levels of unemployment and poverty. 70 percent of Singapore's households lived in badly overcrowded conditions, and a third of its people squatted in slums on the city fringes. Unemployment averaged 14 percent, GDP per capita was US$516, and half of the population was illiterate." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Singapore#Independe...]

Compared to today, Singapore has about 1000 homeless, 3.16 persons per household, a literacy rate of 97.3%, GDP per capita of $602 billion, an unemployment rate of 4.11% and a median household income of $9,293. The income distribution isn't bad either. From what I could find the cost of living (minus rent) for an individual is $575 a month.

https://blog.seedly.sg/average-singaporean-household-income-...

The better society is the one where everyone has an opportunity to improve their lot in life by satisfying a need of others.
so what happens when all the people you think are unreasonable think you're the one being unreasonable? How do you deal with that?
How do you ad-hoc from windows? I run into this just yesterday and had to explain people to CTRL+CLICK. I'm not planning to give apple anything and the users already know that. Whats funny is that on windows you can also get an app signed via a third party(not sure if this applies this day) and avoid this kind of scary dialogues.. just because you paid someone.
At least for Volvo they are used for by their service mechanics as well, so you will want to make sure it doesn't void any warranty claims.
Stuxnet has been well broken down and described. It had nothing to do with iPods with surreptitious recording capabilities.
If the middle class basically gets the same net amount, they would need to have their taxes increased by the same amount as UBI. That just follows from the premise of your question.

What is that in terms of tax rate? I don't know, Dane-pgp seems to have already answered with a concrete proposal.
Heart scarring too

https://www.smh.com.au/national/seizures-and-battered-heart-...
Sure, but how many of those people would have died from the normal flu?

I know this is a morbid topic, but it gets to a fundamental truth. How valuable is a human life? Is it worth significantly damaging the future of the young through economic depression and increased social isolation and mental illness to extend the life old old people by a year, 5 years?

There is no easy solution. We can hibernate as much of the non-essential economy with lock-downs and mandate the wearing of masks. But this, will extend the economic hardship we are under, which will put further economic strain on young people, who now have had to contend with the great recession and now likely a depression. We can do like sweeden and try and isolate and protect the vulnerable, and keep the economy open, or we can do nothing. Each of these choices has trade-offs in terms of economic hardship and lives. Not just the lives of people who get COVID, but those who commit suicide due to social isolation, economic hardship, and other factors related to COVID.

American's can't have this discussion in a mature manner because it has been poisoned by politics.
Yes, no one is debating the potential negative outcomes of having COVID. Not sure what you are trying to show.
WPS doesn't work with Android 10 (or 11) https://www.androidpolice.com/2018/07/18/android-p-doesnt-su...
Is this really an advantage of the fact that the system is trustless and the ownership of storage media is distributed? You can an imagine a system where Amazon owns all the hard drive but still distributes/duplicates files across many different hard drives, matching the theoretical performance characteristics of Filecoin. In fact storing data on S3 from my cursory understanding already distributes data across multiple drives based on their durability claims.
iPhones with 'Fortnite' installed are being sold
most of these problems can be solved by just giving everyone the right to say no to labor with a guaranteed poverty income. It's not enough money to live on comfortably, but it gives the labor negotiator a chance to walk away from a monopsonist.
Sure, that's part of the problem, but I think that's not a purely Portuguese thing. Hence why I have some difficulty believing that AirBnB would be thriving right now.
dems want to shut things down because trump wants to keep them open.

One of the most common arguments for schools staying closed is "so you are ok with kids dying".

We have reached a point where as the OP implied, we have become hysterical about any deaths and dems will use that to crucify trump.
BTW, display performance on those was great local. A small hit locally is not that big of a deal. Never has been.

Users will employ detail limits, model scope limits, whatever to get the UX they need.

Developers can dual path it, or provide options. And they will provide options because not all users have latest and greatest. They never do.

In the end, it is mostly a wash for most things.

The big gains were had in other areas.

In the CAD space, sequential CPU is far more of a bottleneck. Mid to lower grade GFX subsystems perform more than good enough for a ton of cases today. Can't get a fast enough sequential compute CPU. And while there is serious work to improve multi threaded geometry, fact is most important data is running on crazy complex software that needs the highest sequential compute it can get.

Big data actually sees a gain with the X way of doing things.

Huge model data running over shared resources is a hard problem. And it continues to be one. Mix in multi user and it takes serious tools to manage it all and perform.

In the 90's, many of us were doing those things, multi user, revision control, concurrent access, you name it on big models and fast, local file systems. There was software with all that well integrated. We did not have cloud yet. Not really.

The app server model rocked!

X made all that pretty easy. One setup, and just connect users running whatever they want to, so long as a respectable X server is available, they are good to go.

One OS, the whole box dedicated to one app, fast storage, big caches, multiple CPUS all tuned to get that job done well and perform.

Once that work is done, doing things the X way means it stays done, and users just run the app on the server. Bonus is they can't get at that data directly. Lots of silly problems just go away.

And, should that system need to be preserved over a long period of time? Just do that, or package it all up and emulate it.

In all cases, a user just connects to run on whatever they feel like running on.

Those of us still talking about how X does things see many advantages. Like anything, it is not the be all end all. It is a very nice capability and a "unixey" way of doing things being lost.
Not exactly how it works though, in a corporation as big as Apple each business unit has it's own budget and profit/loss margins. Apple is simply too big and complex for someone or a group of someones to look at it in the way you are describing.

So while $100M might not look like a ton to Apple as a hole, it might look like a lot to the business unit responsible for apps on macOS
Chromebooks are definitely one way to solve it. The Apple ecosystem is also pretty fantastic for family though - iMessage, Photos, Safari etc.

Personally I'd prefer family to be on iOS than MacOS, there's even less rope to hang yourself with there.
CI/CD and the Wind Tunnel
True. Value to an economist is an aggregate of all the individual’s values. Your individual value is likely to have not influence on the market value (unless you’re buying a lot at a different price).
Tesla CFO just yesterday bragged about the amount of data that's available to collect from the car for insurance purposes [1]:

> “We’re working now on what we call Version 2 or we can call it the first version of our telematics product. And so really ultimately where we want to get to with Tesla Insurance is to be able to use the data that’s captured in the car, in the driving profile of the person in the car to be able to assess correlations and probabilities of crash and be able then to assess a premium on a monthly basis for that customer. And what makes this very exciting for us is the amount of data that is available with the customers’ permission to use is, it’s not available in any other product or any other vehicle in the world. So this gives us a unique advantage in terms of information.”

[1] - https://electrek.co/2020/08/18/tesla-expand-insurance-busine...
As soon as a competitor comes along that is better for landlords, renters or has a good marketing campaign people will move.

The network effect is not that of Facebook where you would have to convince all your friends and family to sign up and start using a new site/app.

I suppose they could just buy the competitor like Facebook does, assuming another large corp is not behind it.
Not sure why your reply was deleted, but FWIW...

> https://www.colbyrussell.com/2020/05/13/psa-wikis.html

Forking a github repository to edit one file and submit it back as a PR is super-duper easy these days. You can do it entirely from the UI by just clicking the pencil icon when viewing the file you want to edit.

I'd argue the only real difference from a classic Wiki is that you need to submit the change for review. There's really no practical way we could eliminate the need for review.
This is ... bad. They have obviously been moving in this direction for years (gatekeeper, then notarization, now this). It's simply a matter of time before they release a "home" version of MacOS that only runs apple-approved software.
I think you've misunderstood the article. Ad-hoc signing is absolutely supported on Apple Silicon Macs. You don't need Apple's permission to build your own software on your machine, nor to distribute it to others.
That I can make it myself at home and it comes to around 10cents?

Or get it from a cafe, and value my time at around 2-3€ per cup
Like all opportunities to make money it will become a scenario of ‘good drivers’ get to keep the same cost (no discount) and ‘bad drivers’ (the other 90%) get to pay more.
But it isn't. The price of gold is a proxy for the fear of the value of money, which is only loosely related to the increase in the money supply.
Indeed, you'd think in HN of all places, everyone should be familiar with the concept of the "mythical man month".
Malware authors frequently sign their applications with valid Developer ID certificates. This change is not something that would keep them out and I strongly suspect that was not the goal when it was made.
not really. If you are planning an arbitrage operation, then their resell price (and thus value to you) must be at least MORE than $100, otherwise you wouldn't buying them and going through the hassle and opportunity loss of the arbitrage.

If you don't bother buying them, then the total value to you is probably less than the value of $100 for you.

It's possible that the value just happens to be equal to the value of $100. That's a vanishingly unlikely coincidence.
Have you tried elastic cloud? I believe they offer the full featured xpack product and manage all your instances for you.
CERN successfully accelerates electrons with plasma waves
> This feature is at about the right spot for me.

The issue is not whether expert users can run unsigned software, the issue is whether unsigned software will even be written and distributed by developers. Perhaps some free software, but it's not a viable way to distribute paid software.
I understood it perfectly, which is why i wrote "you cannot run unsigned software" instead of "all software must be notarized by Apple".
You are correct. Thanks for pointing it out.

Your reference is very good. It is still a pre-print, but the breakdown is very informative. It estimates the IFR (Table 4)
for ages between 0-34 as 0.01% (1 in 10,000), increasing exponentially from there. The estimated IFR for the next age group, people between 34-54, is between 0.04% and 0.2% (1 in 2,500 to 1 in 500), one to two orders of magnitude greater. For people over 85, the IFR is 36.8% (~1 in 3).

Note that the population over 34 is about 50% of the total in the US.
I can't speak for @aaomidi who made the original comment. I can tell you that my own reply wasn't snarky. I simply pointed out that Iran isn't the only country in the world where the value of $100 is much different from its value in the United States. It seemed counterproductive to the discussion to get hung up on Iran's special status, so I mentioned a country I happen to know quite well.

I don't think there's anything wrong -- or snarky -- with pointing out that there are whole countries out there where each and every developer would have as much trouble coughing up the necessary $100 as you would have had during your years of homelessness.
Yes, which is why i wrote "you cannot run unsigned software" and the part about slippery slope.
There will always likely be an option without the black box. It will get more expensive though, as drivers self-select into different groups.
Our company [1] works with a large number of autonomous robotics companies of varying scales, tasks, and morphologies. Teleoperation is a regular part of the workflow for many.

It is an exceptionally good time to be building specialized hardware & autonomy systems for a task and then providing that system as a service to customers. This article went into a few examples, but by our count there are ~800-1000 companies currently operating with this model.

Happy to answer any questions about how people doing this deal with the myriad of issues (both business and technological). It’s a fairly new thing, but extremely well suited to the future.

[1] https://formant.io
Java 15 Features: Sealed and Hidden Classes, Pattern Matching and Text Blocks
Perhaps installing an adblocker would help?
Everyone knows the direction they're heading in, so this wording comes across as .. we know you're lying, you know you're lying.
Off topic, but I always feel PG is both philosophical and dare I say: snake-oily sometimes.

Things like 'A successful startup do X/Y/Z', 'A good founder normally X/Y/Z', and usually X/Y/Z is not that an obvious trait people think that contributes to the success.

He might be right to make the conclusion since he has worked with so many startups and thus has a better classifier than most people, but I can't stop feeling these assertions miss the point and nuances, and is mainly something counter intuitive that he witnesses working as VC. It might be an overfitting issue.

His essays though are usually a good read, lots of times calling out an idea that people sort of experience internally but fail to concretize. He is very good at writing digestible essays.
I think if you saw a headline claiming "The millionaires have left New York" you'd spit out your drink.

Sure, some millionaires have left, but not nearly enough to call it an exodus - "the millionaires" as a class are still there; they never left.

Indeed, according to Forbes, there are more billionaires living in NYC than any other city in the world:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/giacomotognini/2020/04/07/world...
And according to this cnbc article, the same is true for millionaires: https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/18/new-york-city-has-more-milli...
Good thing I'm not saying there's no difference then.
I don't have a brilliant solution. But it's also not clear to me that this is the best we can do now. It might be better to skip the whole thing entirely.

If I were the author, I'd consider opting out of kindergarten, or do it intermittently.

How education adapted to this pandemic will be studied for years to come. Hopefully something more brilliant than Zoom will be discovered somewhere, and spread.
This version of UBI (granted, without the U), would cost $43B [0]. I'm guessing what would actually be implemented would cost more, but $720B is certainly too high.

Your post doesn't mention:

- Savings from scrapping other welfare programs

- Decreased healthcare and law enforcement costs and other economic benefits of bringing millions of people out of poverty

- Massive stimulus leading to increased government revenue

I'm not saying it would be cheap, but your post only includes the costs and not the benefits.

[0] https://www.macleans.ca/politics/ottawa/what-would-a-guarant...
What’s the testing rate?

What’s the accuracy of the tests?