skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I think part of the author's argument is that including such wrappers in our values can sometimes be useful, to convey more information about the domain.

And I think that is why the article, while in general touches a very interesting topic, leaves a bad aftertaste for me.

It makes it sound as if one method is better than the other - almost like "union types take away your power, better do it like this". However, both approaches have their place.

> As a more sensible example, I prefer Haskell's `Maybe` type compared to the "nullable types" offered by some languages, since the latter loses all structure

And you just gave a very good example. The two are not the same by any means and I am happy to be able to work in a language that has a Maybe type in the standard library. The classic example is having a map where querying by a key might or might not return a value of type A. Because A can also be null/none, without a Maybe type, this cannot be properly expressed without losing information.

However, and I really want to emphasize this: union types _can_ emulate sum types like Maybe. Simply be creating a wrapper and using it. I.e. creating two unrelated classes/structs Just and None and then defining

struct Just A = ...
struct None = ...
type Maybe A = Just A | None

There is Maybe, emulated by union types.

The other way around is not possible though. Using Haskell#s capabilities, it is not possible to emulate Typescript's (or other language's) union types, which I find very sad. They are a useful thing to have. The only thing that might come close is Haskell Liquid and some fancy typelevel programming machinery to emulate union types.
I think the implication was that pardoning whistleblowers is good, if that's what your opinion of Snowden is. But that doesn't fit the desired narrative, so they don't call him a whistleblower.
> any non-interpreted physical processes which involves space-time.

Two examples in this thread? Depending on the meaning of “non-interpreted”

> satellites cause time dilation that’s accounted for in GPS satellite clocks and the receiver clocks

And

> its speed approaches 8% of the speed of light. That's so fast that time dilation comes into play
What do you think the reason is? I assumed this would happen.
I gather you're asking about the possibility of a "local" Quasar event -- formation of a large accretion disk around SgrA*.

Not the near future, no. Gravitational radiation is probably the only factor eroding its orbit, and it's a very small factor indeed.

You might see a merger between Andromeda & the Milky Way first!
I know. That was the idea. It’s one of those mistakes that is like nails on a chalkboard for me.
Jury nullification is so rare and really relies on a particular jury thinking a particular way...

A jury can even be sympathetic... and still convict him.

I hear folks talk about a fair trial but he's already admitted to crimes... so is the "fairness" only determined by a highly unlikely outcome, I'm not sure that's about fairness.
To expand on this, it means conversations about surveillance get to actually happen instead of being instantly derailed with "well we don't know it's happening".
I use mutt, mbsync, maildrop, and mblaze, mairix, msmtp, oauth2 with gmail. I have local speed, two way sync, customized email filtering, fast searching, vim editing, and multiple machine freedom. I am happy.
Article piqued my interest, but also left me scratching my head a bit - everything mentioned is kinda vague / abstract.

Elixir/BEAM are "better" but better than what? Curious the author's prior language experience.

What's he developing with it exactly? Native apps? Web stuff? Or just learning / experimenting?

Didn't really understand how the Elixir / BEAM approach is different from typical threads, OS processes, or async programming models - maybe asking too much from a short post :). But still would be interesting to have some specific examples of how Elixir/BEAM is better.
I keep seeing these complaints on HN... Is co-mingling a bigger problem in some regions, or have I just gotten consistently lucky? Or maybe I'm a sheep and haven't noticed?

In all honesty, I would appreciate an excuse to stop using Amazon, because the amount that I buy from them compared to any other store makes me uncomfortable. But the co-mingling thing just hasn't come up for me...
And yet all those safeguards still led to a program that the courts declared unconstitutional, and only with Snowden's leaked documents.

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2019/10/secret-court-rules-fbi...
Can you elaborate? Are there murderous independent elements within the NSA and CIA that would do this to an American citizen? I’m a huge cynic, but perhaps too naive about this. That all sounds very scary, especially when the leak was about a very large institutional apparatus that feels too big for anyone to take it personally.
Maybe I was a bit hyperbolic in calling it propaganda but I'm sometimes reminded that my state constitution says I can't run for legal office for lack of belief in a deity nor witness in court. The chances that I'd have big government sponsoring my view are much less than yours, hence why I used it.

>Spirituality is not a 'silly idea', more importantly it doesn't cause us to do crazy-bad things in general.

The "silly ideas" I referred to colloquially as those which are the subject of AGNB's videos, not to spirituality.

And the "ideas" you pointed out as silly, two of which, were and are driven as much by religious motive as secular.
Congrats you are smart, lucky or both.

TBH it was a revelation to me. I did stumble upon it but somehow "be virtuous, exercise self-control" trope keeps reasserting itself. I find myself straining against something then realzing, wait, just throw this thing out and poof, done.
What? I don't follow your conclusion at all.
Interesting. Is this a generally agreed upon rule?
IMO, the throughput isn’t what’s impressive, you can get similar-ish speeds from hughesnet. What’s impressive is the latency. The bandwidth should be (relatively) easy to increase over time. If the latency had been 300+ms, that would’ve been a disaster.
The beam book:
https://github.com/happi/theBeamBook
Palm and handspring used moto 68k before PalmOS 5.0, ARM since then
The black cube (as a Platonic ideal) was a Steve Jobs design statement (as the form factor for the first NeXT computer) and informs the logo design. The logo has richer significance within that context. To me, it is Steve Jobs saying that a computer doesn't have to be prosaic and as technologists we can aspire to more profound ideals.

I still have a few stickers left on a sheet that came with my first NeXT cube. When I get a new laptop I cover the Apple logo with a NeXT logo. But it's less and less often that anyone recognizes the homage.
Hard cases make bad law and all that. There's no easy way to construct a good general rule here.
I think a lot of people of any identity would agree with me... but are we outnumbered by those who are rigorously inspecting what toys a four-year-old is playing with, as a lens towards gauging their future conformity to one traditional gender role or the other?
There's no way there won't be several debates.
The response to this news on HN has been very disappointing. By contrast, there was a lively apolitical discussion[0] back in 2015 about the effort to bring Snowden back to the US. On the other hand, people now seem more concerned about the motivations of Trump. If it's the right thing to do, who cares about the motivation behind it or the person enacting it? This reminds me a little of the response to Trump's efforts to end the War in Afghanistan. I realize I'm not talking about individuals, but it's maddening to see communities that had almost universally supported both things for many years seemingly let political biases get in the way of doing the right thing.

[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9655693
I do think Apple should have just undertaken the repairs much, much earlier. I do also think that it was incredibly complex situation, and my guess is Apple was flabbergasted that Nvidia initially wouldn't reimburse them for the failed parts. So, internally at apple, my guess is that it was about the 'principle' of the matter. They also probably recognized that if they started replacing the boards of their own volition without an agreement in place, they would never be able to get any compensation from nvidia at all.

Again, I agree with you, apple should have launched the program much, much earlier.

But, I mean, that's besides the point because this isn't a post about how Apple handled these failing GPUs, it's about Nvidia's inability to work with others.
That's every politician on every issue, though. Relevant Bors: https://thenib.com/the-gay-marriage-rush/
>You've just described nearly every tool, show enough carelessness with a hammer and you'll certainly fuck something up.

True, but some tools are easier to be carless with. A hammer isn't one of them, which is why you don't find it in every kitchen. Git (and now that I think about it, every advanced command line tool) is very un-intuitive for many people. I've been using computers for several hours every day since 1997, so take me as whatever type of use you want, but I don't fully understand how rebase works yet. Or the hard flag. I'm sure if I sit down for an afternoon I'll understand but without that I won't. Which is what I'll define as "un-intuitive".

I chose to handicap myself here because the benefit till now has been very marginal. If I have a full afternoon to study I'd rather spend it on ML lectures or understanding something else, instead of source control.

However, this equation is changing, because my team is thinking of starting a mono-repo style coding architecture. This probably can't be done without full understanding of gits features, so I probably will spend the time needed to understand it's features, how it works, and some of the newer features that can be helpful in the pursuit. You don't have to be an expert in every tool you use every day, and a good tool is one which lets even a non expert not F it up, is all.
I just downloaded the paper by Gigerenzer [1]. Heard him referenced a bunch of times by Rory Sutherland and Taleb. Thanks.

[1] https://www.nowpublishers.com/article/Details/RBE-0092
I fully agree. Not only is it easier to extend, it also makes reading the code so much easier and prevents mistakes, whereas for booleans you have to rely on variable names and hope to not pass them around wrongly.
I mean, they presumably also won't be phased either
That's religion
The number of times I've heard people in the tech community mention certificate pinning as a valuable security mechanism is like the amount of times I've heard about zombies, despite the fact that they just don't exist.

I've worked on a team that reverse engineered and did security audits on a lot of commercial and consumer applications. We've seen cert pinning implemented correctly was maybe like once or twice a year by companies large enough to where their security team was larger than most software companies entire payroll.

Basically, it's not a thing that exist because it is really hard to implement properly. The threat model for being MITM'ed with cert spoofing is pretty exotic. In the end, cert pinning means your application is not working if something goes wrong with the certs, which EVERYONE at some point forgets to renew, or, worse, you CA inadvertently gets hosed.
I’m pretty sure the GP is referring to battery usage comparisons on Mac and not iOS.

There may be battery use differences on iOS too (the UI, networking and other pieces are still Chrome’s), but not of the magnitude described here.
Good point, I had forgotten about that.
Having a reason you disagree with doesn't make it irrational.
He invented the first universal remote. There’s that...
Brilliant, just hire contractors to get around good governance rules :)
Somewhat prior to then renaming, the "Open Software Foundation" was formed by a consortium including IBM, HP, and DEC.

This was done because of an uncomfortably close embrace between Sun Solaris and AT&T System V Release 4.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Software_Foundation

UNIX on DEC Alpha was originally named OSF/1.
ARM has little use except for open source. They have zero incentive to kill it, as they don't compete with it.
Where do you get your data? If you look at any UTOPIA city, e.g. Layton, Utah, it shows it as symettrical gigabit as the max speed. They actually offer 10 Gbps residential plans.
To clarify: I don't mean to say that GPUs will become superior to CPUs.

Just that CPUs are a mature technology that seem unlikely to have any dramatic evolution any time soon. GPUs in contrast, are a lesser understood architecture with significant amounts of experimentation still being done on them. Its a more exciting field to keep an eye on.

After all, CPUs are latency optimized, GPUs are bandwidth optimized. They're made for different kinds of problems.
Mali has never come close to Adreno. Simple as that.
I am not saying that this happened to me ;) But if I was facing a choice between (eventually) getting Metabolic syndrome and a having to find a new GF, I would definitely not choose to get metabolic syndrome :)
But for you, as gender fluid, it seems the thing you care deeply about is the ability to be free to conform or not conform to gender expectations of any particular sort?

If so, isn’t this freedom something that would just be good for anyone?
YubiKey as a GCP Service Account Key
As a fun weekend hobby project, I decided to solve a long-standing problem in secure handling of GCP Service Account keys and 2FA, and publish it as my first article on Medium.

Please let me know your thoughts.
I'd seen xs before, actually. I spent a while building concatenative array languages (nothing this complex though—file functions! The luxury!) before deciding that I really need some more structure to make sense of the code.

A good amount of implementation discussion goes on at https://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/52405/the-apl-orchard . I'm sure we'd enjoy your contributions.
This is a historic political event. People who linked the Alt Right to Snowden have been ostracized as having "Trump Derangement Syndrome" up until now.
Agree?
The editor could have benefited from grammarly
Hypothetically, could they could be used to 'accidentally" route hundreds of ballots from an important zip code through nowhere Alaska, causing them to be delayed weeks/months and not counted?
Robotics?
Mozilla makes money and spends it
Using "leaker" instead of "whisteblower" is not necessarily wrong, just politically charged.

Using "leaker" means you are ignoring that what he did was to blow whistle on illegal activities and only focusing on him.
Samsung recently entered into a licensing deal with AMD to use their graphics technology in a mobile design. Early performance leaks/rumors are very promising (if true).

I don't see this as much of a problem, competition is already on the way.
You are right and it seems you have a very good gut-feeling about these things! :)

What you describe is commonly called a "(value) dependent type system". There are languages that support this, e.g. Idris which was specifically built for that: https://www.idris-lang.org/

Here is an example where the printf function is built purely in Idris: https://paulosuzart.github.io/blog/2017/06/18/dependent-type...

The compiler will parse the input string such as "some number %d and a string %s" at compile time (!) and assess whether the following arguments passed to printf satisfy the shape of the string.
> I wouldn't think there's anything to see there.

There isn't, it's just that "raid area 51" went viral and was basically a meme meetup. The point was to get photos of the fictional raid, which were mostly just people standing outside the fences.
So you're arguing about the level of concern? I can think of lots of reasons to be more concerned about a chip manufacturer buying the design/licensing business literally at the core of the majority of mobile phones than of a technology investment firm.

Or maybe you should just admit that your original comment was not well founded?
The USPS does what we say because we pay them they don't get to decide that we can't vote by mail because of some arbitrary excuse that makes you feel good about it.
eBay is not same-same, it's much more marketplace-esque.

eBay does not use a consolidated product listing, much more like a bulletin board each sellers products being sold under it's own URL. Amazon consolidates the listing for all sellers into a single product and uses their own ranking algorithms to determine which seller is in the "buy box" (which accounts for 97% of the items sales velocity). Amazon treats the entire experience as their transaction, they anonymize the emails and don't allow sellers to send follow-messages to clients or market other products to them (package inserts).
The cart-checkout process isn't broken down by seller either, it's a unified payment and "1 click" checkout. I don't feel bad for Amazon at all - they've had it coming!

FWIW .. I was the first person (as a 3rd party) to develop an integration with Amazon's marketplace. I also personally won eBays' star developer award. I recall the year the Internet Retailer show was in San Diego and Amazon didn't have an employee there. It was against Amazon corporate rules to allow employees to spend the night in CA in fear it would create sales tax nexus. Amazon employees would need to fly back to Seattle and then fly back to San Diego if they came down for a friday meeting and wanted to spend the weekend on personal time!
Amazon has gamed the rules, they compete directly with their clients (sellers) using the sales data to decide what product to source. They ran their warehouses as 3rd party entities to avoid nexus and begrudging accepted 3rd party (non-Amazon owned) sellers when the courts ruled that wholly owned entities would create sales-tax nexus. I feel no pity for them.
would love to know more about this setup! do you have all your mail stored on disk? attachments?
Unfortunately, HTML4 and CSS2 are severely underspecified, so actually implementing them interoperably without reverse-engineering is impossible. Oh, and some places where they _are_ clearly specified that specification is more or less broken. For example, implementing comment parsing per the letter of the HTML4 spec is extremely not-web-compatible, and I doubt that either Dillo or NetSurf do it...

Now if you know which things to avoid (e.g. never put "--" inside your comments) and don't care about "pixel-perfect" rendering or any sort of interesting layout, HTML4 and CSS2 are not terrible. But if you care about any of that, watch out for dragons.

And before someone brings up "tables" for "interesting layout": table layout is unspecified. In CSS2, and CSS3 for that matter. Not only is it unspecified, it's not entirely interoperable across browsers even now, after literally decades of reverse-engineering each other. And for extra fun, WebKit/Blink's implementation is definitely not interoperable with the IE (Trident) implementation most table-based layouts targeted... As one example, changing the order of rows in the table can change the column widths in Blink but not in Trident.

Anyway, if one wanted to start with HTML4 and CSS2, one _could_ try to turn them into proper standards that can be interoperably implemented. It would take quite a lot of effort to do that, I suspect. 50 person-years is my initial guess, but there are a _lot_ of unknowns involved and a lot would depend on how much of the HTML5 and CSS-post-2 work that defined things rigorously could be leveraged.
Hygen
Or he understands that in this environment, for him to flog a bill makes it less likely to become law. And that embarrassment is a political debit.
Yes, that is rather the point. ;)
Code Smell: Concrete Abstraction
"Wholly unfounded" ???

“They need that money in order to have the post office work so it can take all of these millions and millions of ballots,” Trump said in an interview with Fox Business’s Maria Bartiromo. “If they don’t get those two items, that means you can’t have universal mail-in voting because they’re not equipped to have it.”
Just thinking something doesn't make it true. Why can't they just use air conditioners like everyone else in hot climates does? They'll all be rich soon afterall, with poverty due to be effectively extinct by the end of the century.

Who are these billions of people? I haven't seen predictions of anywhere near a billion people needing to migrate.

You need to stick to the science here because there's so much misinformation spread by activists.

You're surely right that it's a risk to civilization but lots of things are and we still have to try. Falling birth rates are a risk, spread of Islam is a risk, meteor strike is a risk, nuclear war is a risk, pandemic is a risk, and importantly, suddenly stopping using fossil fuels is a risk! But these are just unquantified imaginary risks so we don't need to drop everything and solve them or we'd never get anywhere.
The times he has done it his own party has straight up said it isn't helpful and that he was pushing for it earlier.

There's no 3d chess going on.
> abandoning attempts at Han unification

Huh? Han unification happened.
Why does Intel cripple ECC and I/O virtualization [0] in high-end consumer desktop systems? Force people to buy Xeon, even if the performance is otherwise equivalent or higher for the use case. Why does Nvidia restrict virtualization? Force people to buy Quadro and Tesla.

> nVidia

FYI, a few years ago, nVidia has officially changed their name to "Nvidia"...

[0] IOMMU is not only a virtualization feature, it's also an important security feature to protect the host from DMA attacks of malicious peripherals (e.g. 1394, ExpressCard, Thunderbolt, USB 4). Fortunately Intel no longer cripples IOMMU (VT-D) since Skylake, but ECC is another story.
So that would imply that non autistic people may also feel like their brains don't match their bodies, but since they're better at navigating gender roles, they're more likely to just adapt around the dysphoria instead of transitioning?
In what world does this not just become a contractually required insurance policy covering Amazon, paid for by the third party.

Granted, whoever pays in name, the cost will be passed on to consumers.
There is absolutely both a legal and a social contract in play here. That's not unusual, either. In almost any situation involving cooperation between humans, the participants are implicitly agreeing to a larger or different set of terms than may be specified in any legal contracts. These contracts are even sometimes contradictory.

If someone violates a legal contract you have the right to get back damages via the legal system. Similarly, if someone violates a social contract you have the right to respond via social means, for example, by writing and disseminating a blog post detailing your negative experiences.
It could be said that it is harder to suppress the vote of the other party when everybody has equal access through mail in voting.
ObamaCare is a disaster and Snowden is a spy who should be executed-but if it and he could reveal Obama's records,I might become a major fan

Trump needs to be held criminally liable for letting thousands die unnecessarily due to covid.
If you read deep into the reports and leaked details, there are couple folks in NSA that happily share private/accidental webcam nudes with each others as soon as they happen to find some. In that circle that's considered a win - a masturbating woman is for extra points. The "safeguards" you mention tolerate and shush that.
How do you manage minerals and micronutrients that are better consumed a few times a day (because the body cannot absorb larger quantities within a short window)? Do you take specific supplements for that?
How about the gravitational lensing observed in 1919?
After what, 8 years? I welcome competition, but that's ALWAYS been the exynos curse. What if Nvidia makes a better GPU spec?