skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Good analysis and great of them to share their thinking. Does feel like this could have been a tweet that said the necessary condition for successful ML solution is applying it to a problem that has asymmetric upside.

Great for telling people they should get tested for diseases, terrible for diagnosis. In the alerting first case, consequences of being wrong are no better than base rate as they wouldn't have been tested otherwise, and the upside saves a life. In the latter diagnosis case, the consequences of being wrong are catastrophic, and it is substituting for the best available judgment. Similarly, it's great for fraud detection, terrible for making credit decisions, because the false negative rate is essentially externalized. It's good for finding opportunities, bad for providing services. So funnels and conversion pipelines it's great for.

So perhaps there's an ironic Turing test for ML solutions that is related to the relationship between the size of a group of people and the effect of mean reversion of their collective intelligence on their behaviour makes them indifferent to the perceived intelligence of the model, whereas a given individual will find the results of the model unsatisfying. From an indifference perspective, AI can fool some of the people all the time, and all the people some of the time, but no confusion matrix satisfies all the people all the time. Economically, ML will be useful for creating simple and cheap services that people who can't afford better will use, and substitute up from them when they can afford better, known as "inferior goods." There may be a hard limit on ML providing "normal goods," to individuals at scale for this reason. Lots of money to be made, but lots to be wasted tweaking your ROC curve to in the hope of creating a normal good.

I yell from the rooftops every chance I get that "the confusion matrix is the product." That is, your FP/FN/TP/TN rate is your product, and you are optimizing your system for the weights your customer assigns to those variables.

There is another ML/DL use case I'm hacking on that is about enabling privacy, but even this reduces to the asymmetry of the upside/downside of the confusion matrix. Obviously the article is more nuanced than this, but I think this heuristic is a key tool for reading articles like it.
> Do you think that any Black student who could be successful at Yale and applies to the school will get in?

Is that the baseline? Top tier schools aren't top tier because they let in anyone who might be successful. Their requirements are such that only top tier candidates make it over the baseline. And, due to various institutional problems, Black students are under represented in that top tier of candidates.
try this:
https://github.com/daviderestivo/homebrew-emacs-head
It's definitely a statement that's very aware of the situation on iOS.
GitLab also has support for various registry storage backends, including s3 and swift.

https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/administration/packages/container...
I think the terminology you're using ("be okay") is so vague it doesn't mean anything here. You seem to be arguing your own personal value set without telling the rest of us what your values are or what ethical framework you are arguing in.

The only thing I can infer from this comment is that you aren't arguing within a legal framework (although I suspect you might be wrong because "unfair competitive advantage" is something that can be enforced under US and EU law).
I've been catching whiffs, of a cultural tension between descendants of black families that immigrated from places like Africa and the Caribbean in the mid-20th century, who in my experience seem to benefit those most from affirmative action policies, and black Americans whose families either arrived decades before the civil rights movement, or descended directly from black slaves, and bore the brunt of America's apartheid policies.

I wonder if we'll see a major political bifurcation along those lines in the next decade.
I don't think any other companies are going to jump on board. How many other companies have their own payment processing that will incorporate into their apps just to be banned? If nobody else is banned then they not really in the fight like Epic is.

Epic, in my opinion, can only briefly bring this into mainstream discourse. Maybe we'll hear about next week in mainstream media and then it will be forgotten. If this starts a whole movement, that's something else entirely, but I don't see many other companies willing to risk their business for this. Epic is mostly unique in that it's both big enough to do this fight but small enough not to get special treatment like Amazon.
For me, the new language is Python, not SQL.
What mechanism do you imagine would push high income families down the socioeconomic ladder?

Isn’t the whole problem that it’s so much easier to make money when you have money? Providing advantages to economically deprived candidates seems to be a perfectly valid mechanism for promoting social mobility to me. The entire basis of affirmative action is that past discrimination had created generations of economic hardship, and that the hardship creates a self sustaining cycle of further hardship.

If you create mechanisms to improve social mobility then you address that problem. As a bonus you do so without blatant racial discrimination, you don’t elevate the hardship of one group above the hardship of another. You create a system that actually addresses the problem, rather than handing out additional benefits to wealthy minority group members, and you avoid creating a system that people can game by claiming minority group membership based on either some minuscule percentage of heritage, or even perhaps based on no heritage at all.
the enemy (aapl/goog) of my enemy (antitrust regulators) is my friend?
As the other poster mentioned, this sounds much more like non-DP anonymization, which (as you note) is usually surprisingly vulnerable to deanonymization through various approaches.

With Differential Privacy, you instead add randomness such that you can't tell whether the answer you got includes any individual person, for whatever question you're asking.

IIUC, RAPPOR adds that randomness it to the original data; Leap Year (where I worked for a while) adds it to answers to specific queries. There are huge tradeoffs and they're suitable for very different settings. I am not sure which approach is taken here.

Edited to add:

Skimming the docs, it seems to be the latter - ask questions of the exact data, returning answers that are noisy. This requires ongoing trust of the entity holding the data (so it's most applicable to circumstances where they'd have that data regardless), but is much more flexible.
The sadder part of this is when one of those not-colluded companies decide to increase a big number their service, the others wait to see is people accept this and then they do it as well. There is where we hurt ourselves.
Why? They provide a great service to consumers - a store to get applications easily.

They provide a great service to devs - a store to get consumers to see and buy their products.

Why is 30% unfair?

A company charging a certain percentage for something is neither unfair or anti-competitive. You need to develop your argument further.
If you dont' look at race, you might get > 50% asian like CalTech, which only look at scores.
Pardon my ignorance but wouldn't LCD need polarized light to perform the darkening? Maybe a transparent pixelated electrochromic display layer might work
> When HTML was announced by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991 there was no method of styling pages. How given HTML tags were rendered was determined by the browser, often with significant input from the user’s preferences.

I almost wished we still lived in this world, where the web pages provides the structure and data, and I as the user get to decide how I want to consume it.

I think trying to cram web applications into the same model as distributed, hyperlinked documents was fundamentally a mistake.

If a browser was just about rendering html, a significant amount of complexity would have disappeared, and you would have a multitude of different browsers, all catering to different preferences in how you wanted to consume html. It is due in large part to the complexity, that we are going towards to monoculture of Chromium/Blink, because only companies with billions of cash in the bank, can afford to dedicate the teams needed to develop a web browser.
> The usual answer is that people who buy the phones must think it’s ok, otherwise they’d buy a competitor’s phone.

People don't realize what's actually going on with the policies and practices of the app stores. They just buy the phone and use it. If they did know, they would probably be more opposed to it too. They don't realize how these practices actually impact them and their choices on the platform.
Another interesting thing this could do is get some momentum behind alternative app stores on Android. They exist but they're not popular. But suppose some of the big names who are tired of Google's fees go together, choose one and put all their apps there instead. That could be enough to get people to start using it. At which point, if it was charging e.g. 5% instead of 30%, many other apps would move there too.

It could be the best thing to happen in this space for a while.
To some degree this phenomenon might arise (simply because social media makes it really easy to form mobs/start controversies/whatever), but you're right, a lot of the reason this is so common is that people aren't happy with the legal system right now.
People should be able to install alternatives. Microsoft was forced some time ago to give people alternatives to built-in apps so why Apple shouldn't. I would also like to see VP9 supported on iOS and alternative web engines in addition to WebKit/Safari!
Google may have missed a great PR opp here.
Honestly at this point the US should just adopt the East Asian college entrance model.

One exam per year at the same time with no exceptions.

Completely race blind and no additional criteria other than school class rank and average school exam score.
In my experience, there are just a lot of "bad" AI/ML engineers who don't fundamentally understand what data can do, what ML algorithms can handle, and how to piece it together to produce something of value to the end user. A couple of these people on a team can torpedo a project. Worse are those who sabotage projects or are general pain points of hindering progress. These may be jaded people who don't believe that ML has any value yet have titles like Data Scientist or ML engineer, and can bring team morale down. The economics are similar to a grad-school research project, yet is infiltrated by all sorts of people with 3 month certificates believing they are the star of the show.

The most important element of AI project success is the right people and the right team. Projects are long-term and failure can be often. It's not easy to succeed but cultivating the right people and their mindset is in my opinion a needle mover for AI projects, more-so than what data is available, what algorithms are tried, and what shiny framework people want to use.
Dumb question but if there is no collusion between the companies in a duopoly, is it still illegal in the US? Or does it have to be a monopoly to be illegal?
It definitely makes sense for some applications. For example, I believe Uma was running their electric motor purely using solar for charging for a few years: https://www.sailinguma.com/electro-beke Not a huge amount of solar either - 480W of panels on a 36-foot ocean-going sailing yacht, shared with all their other electrical needs. It worked for them because they were primarily sailing, with the motor used briefly for maneuvering in tight areas like harbours, so they had plenty of time on passage and at anchor to recharge the batteries between each use. (Their current setup has regen, so they can charge the batteries by sailing - basically a very indirect form of wind power. Some small sailing boats have actual wind generators but those are loud and take up space.)

For speed boats? Probably not. Those things are small and incredibly power hungry - going fast on the water is expensive in terms of power used.
They must have wargamed this out and feel like it's a winner.
For suitable values of someone, Visual Basic embedded in Excel targets everything someone works with and they are happy.

In C there are also portability libraries. So for instance, suppose you want to do asynchronous I/O with sockets on a few contemporary platforms. You could do all the hard work and make it work with kevent on BSD, epoll_wait there, or I/O completion ports on Windows, with some select and poll based fallback cases.

Or you could just use, whatsitcalled, ... libuv and follow its API. Libuv has the grotty multiple implementations of the same thing in three or four ways, and ifdefs and whatever, so you don't have to.

Then you're into problems like: do you build libuv yourself and ship that? Or do you rely on the upstream one available in some of your target platforms, and which version will that be, and will that cause issues. It's going to be dynamically linked, so users can run with a different version than what you tested with as they update their systems.

But that's just due to having more choices.

If libuv weren't widely adopted, then that would be easier: there is no platform version of libuv. You want it, you build it yourself. You choose the version, pin to that, and you control if/when you update.

All that complexity is from more independent parties being at the table. It's not just you, Developer versus some Mother Ship (language that provides everything, including platform stuff).
Wow, you should play the stock market. /s
They did. Seems like it only changed in April. Maybe they wanted to see the numbers and gather data.

https://archive.fo/Z0huU
Really helps wrap your head around how valuable those lower population states are when campaigning.

Pretty big ROI for each individual voter.

Yes I’m ignoring all the different ways it gets “balanced” at the end of the day and ignoring popular vote is still popular vote.
Try It Online
That's the same excuse my employer (Google) makes. Competition is just a click away. You're not forced to use Google, use Bing, use Fastmail. Brand surveys show Google is also one of the most trusted brands, ergo, the number of people who think it sucks is small.

Does that mitigate any of the concerns people have about either company?

This community used to have a strong focus on openness, open source, permission less innovation and the avoidance of checkpoints and tolls, but what it's turned into is often a battle of fanboys, who roll out excuses and lowered standards for their favorites.

Yours is an easy position to maintain, until you have invested a lot of money and work in an app which gets booted from the App Store, or because Apple decides to shake you down for even more money.

Apple fans simultaneously say Apple has a small marketshare, but also brag that earn the majority of all smartphone industry profits. If the latter is true, it means that anyone wanting to make money on mobile software has no choice but to publish on the App Store, ergo, effectively a monopoly.
If you think about it, it's not really surprising. Harvard is not going to take a kid who reads at a 6th grade level, no matter what. They will take an underrepresented minority kid who is probably just short of being an outright admit. And where are those types of kids most likely to come from? The higher income end of the minority group, of course.
> the textbook definition

Not contradicting you, but FWIW there seem to be a half-dozen-each implicit definitions of 'racism' and 'racist' floating around society these days, and each might have widely-varying senses of magnitude or extremity associated with them (from innocuous to extreme). It becomes difficult to parse logic and moral logic around these words, when various interpretations are taken into account.
But here is the fallacy you have to be very careful about.

You cannot say that just 7% is low or 14% is high. Even looking at other universities. You have to know what source population that is being drawn from, and what is the criterion for drawing.

It could be that 4% of people applying to Yale are black, 3% are qualified, and 7% outcome is already overrepresented. Or it could be "terrible" if 10% are applying, and 7% are qualified.

You have to look at what % pass the filter you are applying, to those who apply. With that further criterion applied, any of these figures could be "reasonable".

It is not true that a selective process should simply match the proportions of <x> group that you see in the general population. That is the wrong and very misguided / misrepresented way of reporting the problem. But too often it's the politically simple (or intellectually lazy) approach to framing the issue.

It sounds good to say "we should look like our customers". But that is often not true for a selective process. It is true, if and only if, the qualities you're selecting for are represented in an unbiased way, among the people who are your customers, and among those who apply.
Really? I don’t think I’ve seen anyone today with an anti-Epic take. Maybe I just haven’t gone down far enough in the comments.
Epic is also not ethically right. They shamelessly make their money on minors and pretend to do good for the gamers.
Legacy, but how many devices do you think are still functioning with them now? How many are sitting on store shelves?

I wonder if the Google Home next to me is aarch64. The "new" router that is sending my packets to this site is MIPS on an even more ancient software stack.
I find this a really odd point because you could say the same about people with any sort of privilege. Did Jack Welch succeed because of his intelligence or because of his race/gender? Well, a little of column A and a little of column B. White dudes do have an easier time in the business world. Should we discredit all successful white male businessmen? No, of course not. Why is it any different with minorities and Affirmative Action? Some people have privilege by circumstance and others have privilege by design. So be it.
I look forward to putting my game Neptune's Pride in the Epic Games store and using PayPal to collect payments.
my argument is consumers should be free to get apps from other sources than the app store. just like people can shop at ebay or amazon.

with apple, their hardware locks you into one choice for apps. i think we should be able to download any app directly from websites that make them
I think you two generally agree that this is a bad thing from Apple & Google
Seems like the dataset behind this article is for founders who have built businesses with $5K MRR and above. $60K revenue (and $20K profit @ 33% margin) is a fairly low bar, so it is not surprising to see solo founders create 2.5X more businesses that clear this bar.

My question after reading this article is, do these solo founders manage to grow their business as large as founding-teams? How many solo founder businesses cross the $50M revenue mark?
You might want to reconsider my comment and ask how much of your reaction is due to whatever baggage you’re bringing rather than what I wrote. Note, for example, that I didn’t say anything about forcing people out of their cars but was instead talking about how expensive cars are – we built most of the country around having them but that means the second most expensive property purchases in the average American’s life is a big purchase which requires regular expenditures and is idle more than 90% of their life. If you’re going to use terms like “squeeze”, think about the politics behind the assumption that this is the natural order of things.
And on Samsung’s store. This could be good for alternate Android app stores. https://galaxystore.samsung.com/detail/com.epicgames.fortnit...
Yep, contrast and color accuracy are terrible problems to solve. It would be easier to fake it with a camera on the back of the phone... like Merged Reality.
A basic transparent OLED screen doesn't, but is often slightly tinted, and (indoors) its pixels are bright enough that the transparent pixels are dark enough to appear black by comparison. The same way you can run a projector on a white wall during the day, and its "black" is just the normal wall color.

But while I've never seen it, I don't see why you couldn't put a transparent OLED over an LCD screen like the one in your laptop. Combined, I think they'd give you every combination of color and opacity you could want.

I don't know if there's any technology that combines the two capabilities into a single layer.
There is likely significant selection bias happening at KIPP schools - and all charter schools.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KIPP

---

The authors of The Charter School Dust-Up said that KIPP's admission process self-screens for students who are motivated, compliant, and come from similarly motivated, compliant and supportive families. The 2010 Mathematica Policy Research study found that KIPP schools had a "lower concentration of special education and limited English proficiency students than the public schools from which they draw".[22]

Some KIPP schools show high rates of attrition, especially for those students entering the schools with the lowest test scores. A 2008 study by SRI International found that while KIPP fifth-grade students who enter with below-average scores significantly outperform peers in public schools by the end of year one, "60 percent of students who entered fifth grade at four Bay Area KIPP schools in 2003–04 left before completing eighth grade",[23] although research on attrition at one KIPP school in Massachusetts differs.[24] The SRI report also discusses student mobility due to changing economic situations for student's families, but does not directly link this factor into student attrition. Figures for schools in all states are not readily available.
Some of us would if there were still US stuff to buy, or if finding it weren't near-impossible.
No they don't... Catfish developers are precisely those who endure doing work that everyone else despises. Fred is just doing what he likes.
Google play didn't launch until October of that year, you can spend quite a bit of money on the app store when you're a bored soldier in Afghanistan.
The problem with any discussion of "ranking" students is that it is impossible to define the ranking system. Is the goal to produce the highest GPAs at Yale? To maximize future donations? To produce the greatest number of Supreme Court justices? I had a friend in college who was recruited because the marching band needed a baton twirler. To make matters worse, some programs (such as computer science) are over impacted and it may be the case that the "top" students all want to be in the same programs.
Crap name as well. It's a shame that open source projects can't market their ideas to save their lives.
It's important to remember that Epic games isn't a champion of freedom here.

After Epic store launched on the PC in 2018, Epic used their platform's growing popularity to bait and/or strong arm (it's unclear to me) indie developers into exclusivity contracts on Epic's game store. This action caused a massive uproar in the gaming community because with those exclusivity deals, Epic made developers break existing preorders.

This isn't about freedom or choice or walled gardens. It's about cutting off a slightly bigger slice of a billion dollar pie.
1) Is that actually "most" people?
2) Is the belief that it's the "most" biased?

I've heard the claim that the SAT is biased against lower SES for a while now, but more on the left than the right, and I've never heard "most" biased.
Open source takes on earthquake early warning project