skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Electronic voting is a terrible idea.

Attacks on paper & pen ballot systems are much, much harder to scale.

Here's Tom Scott with a great explanation of the basics. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LkH2r-sNjQs
(has been a while since I touched Erlang, so: grain of salt)

There are several tricks that BEAM employs to work around these problems:

- BEAM has dedicated threads to I/O, and system calls will happen on those dedicated threads. So, the green thread aka processes wil not be affected

- (almost [1]) every call that happens "outside erlang" (that is it calls some code implemented in C inside the VM such as regexps etc.) is re-entrant. So the VM can and will re-prioritize tasks and put processes to sleep when needed and will re-start work when the process wakes up or some external work is done and the answer is received back

So in theory all those stat() calls will be scheduled and queued on the separate prioritized I/O thread, the processes will be put to sleep until the result comes back, and then they will be awoken in turn. This may cause problems with the host OS though :) [2]

[1] There are definitely places where code is not re-entrant yet, because you see updates in release notes from time to time, but most code is re-entrant because of reduction counting: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14440205 and https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31751766/reductions-in-t... and because schedulers can steal processes from each other: https://hamidreza-s.github.io/erlang/scheduling/real-time/pr...

[2] A slightly unrelated anecdote: At a previous job due to some improper coding the web server would slowly accumulate up to to a few 100s of GBs of data in memory due to some long-running processes. When the processes were done, the GC would kick in and release that chunk of memory back to the OS. The OS had trouble with quickly freeing and reclaiming that memory. BEAM was meanwhile happily chugging along as if nothing has happened :D
Obligatory xkcd: https://xkcd.com/2030/
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Oh cool, not related to the article directly but I m off to Estonia and working on a blockchain (tezos) voting system and community if interested : www.electis.io
n = 57. You can't be serious, right?
I played around with Nix (not NixOS) a bit. First I tried to use it for managing python dependencies, but that didn't work out properly because some of the python modules i needed were only available on APT.

Then i tried to use it for managing different compiler versions. It was super easy to install GCC in many versions, but then come compiler time I couldn't compile anything because some libraries (that are not in my power to change) used hard coded absolute paths to standard library dependencies, that would in turn include incompatible files from the compiler.

So in essence I would have liked a replacement for Docker, but the issue is I couldn't get the Nix way of doing things to interoperate with the non PyPi Python World, or existing libraries.

This isn't quite the fault of Nix, just that I couldn't use it in a bit more complex real world scenarios.
Some people also argue that the pen and paper method, by not being instant, drive some extra engagement in the political process, so could be seen as another positive rather than a downside — coverage of vote counting can go on for hours (or days) and it's the one time that democracy is visibly "exciting".

This feels like it has a ring of truth to it, but then personally I'm interested in politics so maybe that's a self selection bias — would be interesting if there was a formal study on this.
Are you trying to achieve things more complex than pick nuts and berries up off the ground and eat them?
I can easily relate to this. The method of tuning of a guitar to itself is "5 fret on 6 string (low E) should sound like 5 string (A), 5 fret on A should sound like D etc".

When I started, I couldn't figure it out at all. The tone of strings was very distinct to me, although this is literally the same note. And my anekdata tells that this is common among beginners, even given that we're all were listening to music in western/european tradition.

I'd be more interested to see how the study was reviewed and explained by some folks like Adam Neely.

From what I read/saw on educational videos, the 12 notes system of western music is very "mathematically natural" (like 19 notes and 50-something), as well as pentatonic scale (that can often can be seen in many cultures), and I won't surprised that somebody with extensive music theory knowledge will provide parallels with western tradidion
You give one citizen one vote on the chain. They can personally verify that their vote was counted because the chain is visible. Counts can't be rigged because the entire chain is public. Voters can only vote by going to a physical location where they use a multi-key signature, one by the voter, and one by the local polling station, avoiding people selling off their keys. This is anonymous, traceable, and the vote can't be altered.
It sounds like a judge must decide if it’s co-mingled or not, from the consumer’s perspective.
Multics history
> I'd say 19 out of 20 engineers I've spoken to don't really leverage BEAM.

That's because most tasks we as engineers write rarely have the need for distribution or parallelism. It's mostly "get data A, get data from B, mix, save resulting data C". nd when you need to do that in parallel, you through it in Kubernetes, or Apache Beam.

It's even more pronounced in web/microservices situations because the web server takes care of all of that for you.
There is no minimum amount for UPI. And you don't need a card to use UPI. You just scan the QR code and send the money from your phone. And UPI is accepted almost all the shops.
I became more interested in coins and monetary systems after reading "A history of money" by Glyn Davies et. al. (https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/45426.A_History_of_Money). It's quite long but it goes into great detail about monetary systems and coinage throughout history. The discussion of how the Romans, Greeks and British used coinage to fund their wars and political endeavours, how they diluted the gold or silver content their different coins over time and how that led to unwanted side effects is quite fascinating, at least to me.

Most coins themselves are not very interesting from an artisanal point of view I find, it's more the story behind them that's often really fascinating.
If I remember correctly, when you start playing the game, they match you against actual bots, which are pretty much unskilled. Maybe that’s why he uses that word.
How interesting. Probably because playing against bots in a multiplayer game usually sucks. If really high AI difficulty was the norm, then that wouldn't work.
Interesting. For lower stakes voting, this could be a great implementation. I have good friends building a Tezos startup right now (Tezsure) - certainly an interesting chain!

We're on Stellar mainly because of block times. You can see a beta of our timestamping service (mainly built for scientists... launch coming soon) here: https://assembl.app/chronos
https://www.patreon.com/posts/our-github-just-40508081
Disconnect the console and put it away on some remote shelf. Make it more difficult to act on impulse, while still being able to play if you _really_ want to. Sticking to 1hr at a time is more tricky...
Really nice!

"After completing our curriculum, you will gain access to our internal code repository that powers c0d3.com"

Out of curiosity, why aren't you opensourcing the code? That would make it easier for your students to showcase their contributions and how they communicate.

My personal experience when I was a gsoc admin was that it was hard to get the students stick around after the end of the summer, do you manage and have some tips to share?
We should be experimenting with electronic voting for 30 years and innovate solutions to its problems. Nobody thinks it doesn't have problems, but to just stop at pen and paper voting just means to affirm the problems of pen and paper which are IMO much worse. (scarce voting, batched issues)
I'm sure a lot has changed since I worked in a mailroom ~15 years ago, but I think there's at least two important factors here:

1. Bulk mail is slow. First class mail takes a few days to be delivered. Bulk mail may take a couple weeks.

2. Bulk mail must be sorted and grouped. Depending on volume, you're sorting by either zip or zip+4. This is easy to do when you can just sort your mail merge file so that you print in the sorted order. For presorted mail, sorting machines aren't needed.

Basically, completed ballots are going to be flowing in the direction the mail system isn't optimized for. I'm sure they'll all get there eventually, but ensuring they all arrive at the right place in time to be counted is the hard part.
Thing is, if you're the type that has the chance to become an emperor, you're "in the game anyway".
I you don't become the emperor, you're still likely to be killed by the emperor or the potential emperor to remove a potential threat, just without the benefits of being the emperor and without the resources to try and protect yourself that being an emperor gives you.
Coincidentally I was just watching a talk from one of those two students that ran the breast pump hackathon:
https://vimeo.com/354276137
WSJ: Facebook refused to check hate speech by India BJP fearing business fallout
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How does the average citizen verify what is actually happening and that their vote is actually being counted? That when they vote for X that the counter for X is increasing by 1? By verify I mean full understanding of the process without the need to believe somebody who calls themselves an "expert".
I’ve heard this joke in another guise:

An engineer, a physicist, and a mathematician are sitting in a train compartment and travelling through some countryside. Presently they come upon a field, which contains a white sheep.

“Oh look, in this country sheep are white!”, exclaims the engineer.
“Oh, how unwarranted!”, exclaims the physicist “in this country, there exists a white sheep, on a specific field.”
The mathematician just tut-tuts and curses under his breath. “In this country there exists at least one field, wherein there exists at least one sheep, at least one side of which is white.”

Oh, and another great one I enjoy:

An engineer, a physicist, and a mathematician sign up for a psychology experiment. They are each locked in a room with a tin of baked beans, the idea being that they will have to figure out how to open the tin with no tools in order not to starve.

Sometime later, the experimenters check up on them.

First, they come to the engineer’s cell. There’s a contented engineer sitting in the corner, craters on the wall, and the shrapnel of a totally shredded can strewn around. They ask him what he did. “Oh, I just battered it up against the wall.” Fair enough, they think.

Next, they check in on the physicist. They find him somewhat dishevelled, the walls covered with scratched calculations, and a neatly severed can in the middle of the room. They ask him for his account. “Oh, I calculated that if I emitted a note on a certain pitch, resonance would eventually cleave the can in half. It took me some time to figure out the note, though.” Again, fair enough.

Finally they get to the mathematician, whom they find shrivelled up, sitting cross-legged on the floor in front of an intact can as if venerating it, muttering “assume the can is open, assume the can is open”.

:)
From n=1 experience, if you exercise while water fasting you hardly lose any muscle, but if you don't, you lose a lot of muscle and quite quickly. (Which makes sense - maintaining muscles costs both energy and protein - if you have no intake and they are not in use, why spend that?)
> Attacks on paper & pen ballot systems are much, much harder to scale.

As it turns out, you can just impose austerity.
What troubles me with this is that at some point in the system there will need to be a mapping "real identity" -> "ID of voter in the blockchain".

What happens the day this mapping leaks?
Impulsive behavior is not always adaptive in harsh and unpredictable conditions
They usually don't quite look like their gender of choice landing them in somewhat of an uncanny valley. Me or you will have an instinctive negative reaction to them which will then have to be overcome. Of course that doesn't mean they never make any friends. But that is not what is being said. What is being said is they will have more unsuccessful attempts than the average person.
NASA 2O20 Perseverance rover and helicopter
If you like this, check out OctoSQL[0], it bolts on SQL on json, CSV, Excel and Parquet files.

It also let's you join them with each other (and other databases).

[0]:https://github.com/cube2222/octosql
Singapore and Japan are two countries where I've seen things work that don't work anywhere else because the citizenry treats the commons so well (whether out of pure civic pride or fear of some consequences I don't have any idea).
It does get more intuitive over time once you grasp some of the fundamentals of interactions with external programmes and how the query language and hooks are what you should first reach for. This I suppose is the “arcane” part, it can be difficult to both grasp and find good resources that teach you the ropes. However, this is fairly common for the *NIX command line and can be a strength as well in the end.

What usually gets me is how some functionality is just barely out of reach, unless I am mistaken for example there is no way to pipe the path(s) (not the message(s) themselves!) to an external programme. So for my snooze script I instead pipe the messages(s), parse them to extract the Message-ID(s), pass them to Notmuch to turn them into path(s), save to a temporary file, launch another command pointed at the temporary file, query the user for input, create a directory based on the input, and move the file(s) into the directory. It works, but it is awfully roundabout and I do at times wish I had some sort of scripting language that interacted with Mutt primitives rather than a monolithic set of functions which can only be extended by patching the source.
https://mars.nasa.gov/technology/helicopter/
Even if that's solved: what happens when voters lose they key? Or worse: get it stolen from them.
What djur said, plus some board games you register the serial number on a website. If the serial number is invalid you know you got a counterfeit copy.
As I see, the problem is not that the vote can be altered, but that the vote can be bought and the fact that person voted in the right fashion could be verified by 3-rd party much more easily (screenshots/whatever).

The privacy of voting booth could give at least some chance to change mind/lie to the third party.
Who's Adam?
This is an incredibly annoying problem on YouTube as well. Made me go out and trial Premium so I guess it’s good for metrics by the wrong reasons.
Unless I'm reading this[1] wrong, the California State Assembly has been a Democrat supermajority since 2011, and the Senate has been since 2013.

Moreover, Democrats have only been one or two votes short of a supermajority in both houses since 1999.

So, I still think my statement is fair, that the GOP has no effective power in California, and that has been the case for two decades.

Where do I have it wrong?

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Ca...
I don't water fast so I can't speak about that specifically, but I can give a good answer on oral rehydration mixtures in general. Here's the TLDR I have in a notes file on my phone:

A drink made with 6 level teaspoons of sugar and 1/2 level teaspoon of salt dissolved in 1 litre of clean water.

Be very careful to mix the correct amounts. Too much sugar can make the diarrhoea worse. Too much salt can be extremely harmful to the child.

Making the mixture a little too diluted (with more than 1 litre of clean water) is not harmful.

Ideal consumption ~30ml every few mins (or ~90mim for the 1L)

I left the child reference in as a copy/paste from... I can't remember which medical source I got it from - although my use has only been for when I or someone else wants to minimise a hangover. I once made this mix for somebody in front of a GP (doctor) who said "wow, that's exactly the 'basic rehydration recipe' we teach when we go to parts of the world where they don't have the education / equipment we have in the UK".

But that's the MVP for oral rehydration. A little potassium is good to include, and looking at the commercial tablets I have (that mix with water) they include potassium (193mg / 200ml water) and chloride (350mg / 200ml).
The joke is usually an economist saying, "assume a can opener": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assume_a_can_opener
So this velocity must be relative to some common point/area right? Like the center of the event that caused it?

When they say "300,000 years after the big bang" how do they count that, is that seconds in some periodic movement inside matter or radiation?
It had nothing to do with fitting in for me. It felt more like I already was a girl, but my body grew into the wrong direction. I just had to transition otherwise I didn't feel like myself, and now I do.
I will not be much help I am afraid: `mutt` for the upper and `mutt -R` for the lower.
As a point of reference, I'm designing some ear buds that have pretty big batteries (~300mAh Li-Ion) and at that power budget the idle current for the battery power controller chip is sufficient to drain the battery in about a month (or several hours of active use).

I don't know if that's good enough to satisfy someone who purchases them, but it is what it is... I think you're probably right about active current consumption though, especially if you're using a modern MCU.
Ideally you should be able to produce a unique hash each time you vote, derived from your master key. The server doesn't need to know your private key. This is how crypto works now,
generating unique and theoretically unlinkable wallet addresses from a secret key.
The Strange Costumes of the Plague Doctors
I think "cancel culture" has gone too far in all respects but that Stallman email was beyond the pale and he deserved to get kicked out of MIT for writing that on an MIT mailing list.
Is there any site where I could get a list of single character or a double character domain names ?
Make a Paper Mars Helicopter
In theory, this on-chain voter ID would never have to be "mapped" directly to a voter. Rather, IDs are simply private-public keypair accounts, and all that's provisioned by the holders of the election is the right to vote with one account. Then, the vote is cast by redeeming this right to vote token, without the voting account ever being linked to a "real identity". Of course, there are problems here too. Mainly with UX, and then at a low level the hardware used (the general public is very easy to hack if you have nation-state power).
The Messy Mediterranean
Looks like some nationalistic bull-crap.

Diversity only does not lead to success or innovation.

Diversity lead to the same problem as with LINUX Distro.
Not if they were breaking into your house and it was self-defense. Then you're technically a killer, having killed someone, but you're more a hero, and not criminally culpable at all.
I had good times with Opus.

We have been capturing then encoding audio using Opus from a low-power chip (nRF52840) then sent encoded data through BLE.

Worked liked a charm! Encoding used 50% of the CPU time.
You could easily replace the word Blockchain in this patent application with the word database and it would all still make sense.

Blockchains (I prefer to call them Merkle trees) were invented 40 years ago. The interesting part about cryptocurrency based Blockchains that makes them unforgeable is that they contain proof of work. The work to create an entire Blockchain is equal to the sum of the work contained in each node. Without proof of work Blockchains are easily forgeable.
That actually does make some sense to me, the same thing is done for video encoding, sort of.

If there's a static scene it encodes it at super high quality (but makes up for it by saying "don't change" for a while).

But if there's a fast scene a lot of details can get smudged without anyone noticing. I think people only tend to notice block artifacts with steps in luminosity during dark scenes, but I think you have to have a really bad encoding for that to be an issue in 2020.
The quoted line is from the site I mentioned (ie its a diagnostic criterion for autism). Being social has nothing to do with it. Many trans people don't completely pass as their gender of choice. This lands them in somewhat of an uncanny valley and makes it more difficult for them to make friends compared to the average person.
The number of sick people rises with population, the number of enemies does not (at least not directly.)

So looking at military spending per-capita makes a lot less sense than healthcare spending per-capita, it's somewhat apples and oranges.
Apple’s ARM chips contain an awful lot of different components, some of which are highly customised. The neural engine stuff they use for image processing for example. The CPU cores are custom tuned, but I believe they are still 90% based on ARM CPU core designs. For example the Secure Enclave is actually an ARM developed CPU extension. Apple focuses their efforts vary specifically on areas that give them features that grant a competitive advantage. They don’t reimplement stuff for the sake of it. One of their big performance wins over other ARM licensees isn’t even really in the CPU, it’s the very well designed and generous cache memory systems.

Having said that, looking to the future I think Apple is clearly willing to pour more resources into their CPU programme than any of their competitors. This means the risk to them is probably a lot less than to say Qualcomm or Samsung as they have a much better capability to go their own way. As time goes on their designs will probably diverge more and more from main line ARM anyway.
I might have gone just for the spectacle of it.
Co-mingling with counterfeits seems to not be present in Canada - most merchants don't want to deal with filling out customs forms, FBA barely exists here, and most items sold on Amazon.ca are either sold by the manufacturer or by Amazon.ca. still a ton of unknown brands doing self-sales, but you're at much less risk of counterfeits so far.
In theory, mail-in voting carries these same problems, and we're about to hold the largest mail-in voting election ever. Not sure this is really an argument against an electronic voting system.

In fact, with a blockchain-based system, the vote could be held in "limbo" until the voter decides to cast it, or you could give the option of creating fake screenshots to deter anyone "buying votes". You can't do this with a paper ballot.

The real problem is compiler and hardware level.