skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This idea is more than 30 years old. It has been done, and one upon a time companies were built around this idea.

First off, mapping an entire CPU to an FPGA cluster is a design challenge itself. Assuming you can build an FPGA cluster large enough to hold your CPU, and reliable enough to get work done on it, you have the problem of partitioning your design across the FPGA's. Second problem: observability. In a simulator, you can probe anywhere trivially, with an FPGA cluster, you must route the probed signal to something you can observe. (I am not even going to talk about getting stimulus in and results out, since with FPGA or simulator, either way you have that problem, it is just different mechanics.)

The big problem is that an FPGA models each signal with two states: 1 and 0. A logic simulator can use more states, in particular U or "unknown". All latches should come up U, and getting out of reset (a non-trivial problem), to grossly oversimplify, is "chasing the U's away". An FPGA model could, in theory, model signals with more than two states. The model size will grow quickly.

Source: Once upon a time I was pre-silicon validation manager for a CPU you have heard of, and maybe used. Once upon a time I was architect of a hardware-implemented logic simulator that used 192 states (not 2) to model the various vagaries of wired-net resolution. Once upon a time I watched several cube-neighbors wrestle with the FPGA model of another CPU you have heard of, and maybe used.

Note: What would 3 state truth tables look like, with states 0,1,U? 0 and 1 is 0. 0 and U is 0. 1 and U is U -- etc. You can work out the rest with that hint, I think.

Edit to add: Why are U's important? They uncover a large class of reset bugs and bus-clash bugs. I once worked on a mainframe CPU where we simulated the design using a two-state simulator. Most of the bugs in bring-up were getting out of reset. Once we could do load-add-store-jump, the rest just mostly worked. Reset bugs suck.
Existential Theory of Suffering
OP is a freeloader at a rent seaker. Your simplistic morals fail to account for the bigger picture.
> But if you're not able to account for all these factors, why not determine what an employee at a given level is worth to the company, and pay that amount to anybody who can successfully communicate & do the work, regardless of their circumstances or physical attributes?

Sounds good to me. I'd be a retired millionaire at age 30 something if any of the companies I've worked for (remotely or otherwise) followed that logic.

Example: I found the correct root causes of failures in an aerospace product within months. The company's own R&D team had been trying different "fixes" that weren't fixes for at least 5 years. They had spent 1 million EUR in R&D material cost alone (not counting engineering time cost). They lost multiple clients to competitors (> 15 years contracts worth millions per client) due to the malfunctioning product. After I came through the problem was fixed, tested, confirmed to be fixed and implemented within months.

And that's an example of one project of a few months for one of my clients.

hmmm. Maybe I should start charging differently. :D
How Work Became a Job
Of course, there are two correct answers: those employees able to negotiate away their location having any relevance to their pay, and those who due to hierarchy position or lack of negotiating skills have their pay pro-rated against their location and potentially a giant host of additional factors beyond the employee's control. The course of action is clear: learn to negotiate.
Whether this is false depends on particular country laws. For example in the EU you can't call yourself a "bank" without being subject to regulation, and in Poland for example, if you are a "bank", your money is actually protected against failure, up to €100,000.
hahaha why are you beating yourself up dude?

there are used car salesman out there making 2x what you make

just collect the checks and be happy
> When I sell license for access, I charge based on value, not how much it costs me to deliver.

The value often depends on the customer's location. Or do you think, e.g., Photoshop provides the same value to a photographers in New York and Cairo?
I live in Vancouver, which is projected to get warmer and dryer, which any Vancouverite will tell you is a win. It's not that beneficial outcomes aren't possible, but it's not about specific wins, it's the overall outcome. In Vancouver, almost no one has air conditioning and most of the new housing is glass-walled condos that turn into ovens in the summar already. We already have sky-high rent and property values, so increasing the desirability of the lower mainland will only exacerbate the housing crisis.

Vancouver is a coastal city, so warmer weather will be paired with rising sea levels for which we haven't built. Forest fires have been a problem every summer in BC for the last decade. The mountain pine beetle has already been decimating our forests; previously they were held in check by cold winters, which are now a thing of memory and likely not to return any time soon.

And that's just Vancouver, BC. The prairies, breadbasket of Canada, have been seesawing between summers of drought and flooding.

It's not that there won't be some "winners", it's that the overall outcome is almost certainly more grim, at least in the short term, than the status quo.
Weather refers to short-term changes in atmosphere while climate is how we define long-term weather patterns in an area. [1]

Saying "climate change is more complex" because you're having a cool summer is wrong, because global warming is a climate-level change and a cool summer is weather. You cannot look at moment to moment or even season to season weather to describe climate change. Climate is usually described in long term trends, e.g., "For the last 50 years, global temperature rose at an average rate of about 0.13°C (around one-quarter degree Fahrenheit) per decade-almost twice as fast as the 0.07°C per decade increase observed over the previous half-century." [2] This is a typical description of climate change, explaining a trend over decades.

[1] https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/noaa-n/climate/climate_we...

[2] https://www.climate.gov/news-features/videos/history-earths-...

Edit to add, before I put my foot in my mouth: climate does inform weather, so you will see, for example, people saying that the Siberian heatwave are probably influenced by human climate change. Based on the original article, what they're saying is that this event would have been nearly impossible without human contributions.
Tech Startup Funding Declines as Pandemic Drags On
I don't get why? The AST can be parsed by any single language. Haskell is particularly well-suited for writing parsers.
What's the second A in FAANG for ? Apple / Alphabet ?
It's interesting to look at the inverse... would/should the company pay more if someone moved from a low to a high CoL place?

Obviously SV companies offer high salaries because they want to attract people to work on-location, which means they'd have to live nearby, in a high-CoL area. If the job was made remote with the same salary offer, there would be so many candidates, that it would make sense to lower the salary offer, like in any supply-demand problem...
Of the half-dozen semiconductor- designing companies I've worked for, all of them used FPGAs for emulation.

- modern FPGAs are huge.

- when an asic design won't fit in a single FPGA, it's usually possible to partition the design into multiple FPGAs

- software emulation/ simulation is not guaranteed to be "more accurate". FPGAs can interact with a real-world environment in ways that simulation simply cannot

- simulations run 1000s of times slower than FPGAs. Months of simulation time can be covered in minutes on the FPGA

Edit: to be clear, they all use simulation too, but FPGAs are used to accelerate the verification process
why are "tough love" people always douchebags?
It would be interesting to see what neural translation systems (in general, not just for code) use as an implicit internal IR.
Having been involved with CPU emulation in the past a couple of comments:

1. It's not just a single FPGA but a large box full of them. for example: https://www.synopsys.com/verification/emulation/zebu-server....

2. Software models are employed for parts of the system (For example, the southbridge and all the peripherals connected to it are generally a software model which communicates with the hardware emulated portion in the FPGA via a PCIe model which is partly in hardware and partly in software.) This saves a lot of gates in the FPGA - those parts have already been well tested anyway so no need to put them into the hardware emulation.
It’s extremely important.

I’m currently in a position where I don’t have an in-depth understanding of the product and I can feel it when it comes to brainstorming.

As our product is a B2B where our users are sysadmins I have no contact with clients or use of the product. I think it makes it much more difficult to understand what is needed.

Where I see some of my client facing colleagues are on the forefront of understanding what needs to be improved.
Ah nostalgia! I "volunteered" at TeleGrafix in HB back in the day. I used to ride my bike an hour after school just to package up RIPterm/paint floppies and use that horrible FedEx PC in the back. I was a fledgling code junkie and had hoped I could glean some of the genius that went into making RIPscrip, though I'm sure it would have gone over my head anyways. I was definitely a bit sad they never "made it big", on the other hand, they never paid me for all those hours I put in (and I never even got to look at any code).
Exactly this. We can talk all day about whether it's fair for companies to pay people in low COL locations less. But if a company can get the same work output from two different people at two different prices, that's an opportunity that the hidden hand of the market will find and close.
This is normally handled in emulation by putting the inner parts of the testbench (the transactors) onto the FPGA as well, to minimize the amount of data that has to be transferred between the CPU and the FPGA. If the FPGA is to be used as a peripheral, again a division of labor needs to be found that minimizes the amount of data that needs to be communicated. But if there is FPGA logic on the same chip as the CPU cores, the overhead can be greatly reduced, and we're seeing more of that now.
Paying people extra for living in HCOL areas is a great way to further fuck up the housing markets of expensive cities
> The game of evolution isn't to pass on your genes one generation, its to have your genes persist indefinitely.

I think that's a maladaptive way to think about this. Attaching value and emotion to the long term fate of your particular genes is odd, given that they are almost completely identical to everyone else's. Whats the point in feeling sadness about this?

And evolution isn't a game. It doesn't have a point, or an outcome. It's just what happens when you have replicators in a free energy medium. Genes don't win or lose, they just make copies of themselves. It's nothing to do with _us_. Its just biochemistry.
I agree that it's not happening but this is how it should be happening.
> "none of which have anything to do with"

This is hyperbole, right?
The one thing I really miss using x86 boxes rather than Raspberries Pi is the dd-to-sdcard-and-boot workflow. Makes recovery easy, trivial to back up the exact software you’re running on one. If the whole thing goes up in a fire, buy another identical Pi, write a new sdcard, and you’re back in business.

But yeah, otherwise if you’re not using the io features you get a lot more bang-for-the-buck buying used low-end x86 gear.
> but we fear much more for our children

People did back then too, so I'm not sure what's mediocre about it.

We've had to live with situations outside of our hands for a long time. Our ability to alter the impact of adverse events isn't really driven by the magnitude of said events (e.g. family vs tribe vs city vs nation vs world).

No matter the age, you just have to accept that you might encounter very unhappy events.
Heh.. absolutely true:

https://1secondpainting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/4428....

https://1secondpainting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/4429....

https://1secondpainting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/4430....

and so on..
The list feels like the equivalent of an 80s canon that includes Rick Astley but omits Depeche Mode.

The approach of taking what was most popular at the time and intersecting it with what is most recognizable now doesn't seem like the right way to define a canon. A canon in art is usually meant to identify those works that, with the benefit of hindsight, were the most important or influential on the development of the art form. This list is heavily weighted towards R&B & pop-rap that has had virtually no lasting impact on subsequent works and I suspect many of these songs are only listened to today either out of personal nostalgia or in humorous contexts.
I don't understand your comment...What's your point here as it relates to remote employees? They by definition are not in the job market of "in-person" laborers, so shouldn't we confine the conversation to remote employees' comp?
If this gets people making and playing with Raspberry Pi's — awesome.

Over 15 years or so I've built perhaps 9 or 10 MAME (later Retropie) cabinets because I enjoy iterating. Often I begin the cabinet in cardboard. Perfect way to prototype.

If you get people to that stage, the cardboard-aided-design stage, the next step (replacing with wood) is easy.

I think people who have never built anything of significance often find the very thought of it daunting and so never begin.

In fact, skip the cardboard, I would try to get people just to install RetroPie and play emulated games with just their USB keyboard.

Then you can move up to cardboard + arcade controls.
If the two choices are "costco serves me" and "costco is worldwide", the latter is much closer to the truth.
If you have same size yes but the issue in space you can send only smaller telescopes, this ones are inferior on some dimensions versus the big ones we have on high mountains on deserts but sure a small telescope in space is better then a same size on the ground.

Let me know if somehow I am wrong and for example Hubble is superior to all telescopes on the ground at the time it was launched. The best thing is to have it all, giant telescope arrays on the ground, telescopes in orbit, on the moon, on the other side of the sun/
I would agree that most people are altruistic, which makes us vulnerable to naivete.

The fear of harming our fellow man/children, combined with an unshakeable faith that Science, as it is conducted today, is pure and unadulterated, allows the most intelligent and altruistic of us to become pawns in the hands of sociopaths. One's worldview changes dramatically on simply coming to terms that sociopaths exist, and changes once again when coming to terms that groups of sociopaths exist.

C.S. Lewis was many things. Naive was not one of them.
do you have a source for that? because my source: one closed eye, tells me very clearly i do use binocular vision for 3d - 3d being how far something is.

you don't need 'much' information. you know the distance between the eyes, and then you have the 2 lines from each eye to the object. that's called a triangle. do you know how to calculate the height of a triangle? because that's your distance.
Although it's about a different subject matter, I'm reminded of this quote from a patio11 article:

> [A bank's] CS department is scored on number of tickets resolved per hour, and each rep’s incentives are simply to classify you as something requiring no followup and get you off the phone. [...] The legal department (or an analogous group – it is different at every bank) is not scored on cases resolved per week. They are scored on regulatory incidents per quarter, and their target for success is likely zero. Shockingly senior people will be involved to avert regulatory incidents.

src: https://www.kalzumeus.com/2017/09/09/identity-theft-credit-r...
Sorry, but there is a fundamental difference. My original comment is about something that is either factually wrong (humans are not the only intelligent species on Earth), or problematic on a philosophical level (intelligent is not a useful concept). You point your criticism on my tone, or English ability, which is superficial.

Also can people please stop attacking each others english ability, it is a really bad abelist thing to do. We don’t all come from an educated background, we don’t all have english as our native language. Please try to empathize with those of us that have a harder time using english then you.
The first Macintosh's BootBeep routine
Lets analyse the crowd who we must convince. These are either executives with vested interests who will not be affected by the current crisis or poor and uneducated people who have very little faith in the government or the social system. After all these people have all some point in time needed help from the government which was denied. This is open knowledge that governments are lobbied to pass laws in the interests of corporations. So people tend to lose faith. Same with society. These people have seen that they had to work very hard in life to just scrape by whereas there are others (some very young people) who just coast by. People not believing in climate change is not the problem it is the symptom of a society with very high levels of income inequality and lesser access to tools that lift people out of poverty. The cost of education just keeps rising every year and most manufacturing jobs are gone in post industrial societies. Without the tools to better your life conditions and diminishing access to tools of life improvement, when others ask these people to listen to a warning, of course they refuse.
You could do that easily with display:table ...in browsers that supported it. The problem was browser support (specifically IE) not CSS per se.
I still have not figured out how to get an IPv6 lease from Comcast at my home; anyone who can point to a recent guide on doing so would be greatly appreciated!
2 is only just below replacement rate, which means a manageable gradual reduction rather than the demographic cliff-edge of 0 or 1 or the unsustainable boundless growth of 3+.

At that rate it will be centuries before the world starts running out of people - plenty of time to anticipate and start planning more kids again.
What percentage of that is from cellular networks?
FYI, Bach accepted money by Epstein after conviction. To me, someone who does not help Science, MIT and Harvard in fact finding about money by a convicted sex offender, is maybe not the best to read the future.

Sources:
“The researcher Minsky had flagged for Epstein, Joscha Bach, declined repeated requests from me to discuss his ties to Epstein. But a 2018 paper on his theory of consciousness acknowledges support from the Jeffrey Epstein Foundation, and Bach has been listed in media tallies of Epstein grantees.”
Science, At https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/09/what-kind-researcher...

“From 2014 to 2016, Bach’s primary affiliation was with MIT’s Media Lab. Harvard never paid Bach or provided funds to support his research, and no funds donated to Harvard supported Bach’s work. We understand that in 2014 and 2015, Bach’s work at MIT received fi- nancial support from Epstein.” (...)

“Though Harvard never paid Bach, PED’s website listed Bach as a PED research scientist beginning in 2014. We understand that Bach left MIT in 2016, but PED continued to list him as a PED research scientist until 2019. During that time, Nowak continued to give Bach access to office space at PED, which he used intermittently, and Bach often met with Epstein at PED when Epstein visited. PED has no records of Bach’s executing a Visitor Participation Agreement. Bach did not respond to our voice mail or email asking to speak with him, and we were unable to determine whether Epstein provided financial support to Bach after Bach left MIT and while he was associated with PED.”

REPORT CONCERNING JEFFREY E. EPSTEIN’S CONNECTIONS
TO HARVARD UNIVERSITY. At https://ogc.harvard.edu/files/ogc/files/report_concerning_je...

“Epstein’s $100,000 donation in May 2013 was intended to be used at Ito’s discretion. His donations in November 2013 and in July and September 2014, totaling $300,000 (40% of Epstein’s post-conviction donations), were made to support research by Joscha Bach, a former Media Lab research fellow from Germany whom Epstein introduced to Ito in 2013. The Media Lab hired Bach in large part because Epstein subsidized the cost.“

* Bach declined to be interviewed in connection with Goodwin Procter’s fact-finding.

REPORT CONCERNING
JEFFREY EPSTEIN’S INTERACTIONS WITH THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. At
http://factfindingjan2020.mit.edu/files/MIT-report.pdf?20011...
My entire business is built on Clojure and ClojureScript, and it would not have been possible without these languages. I am always slightly worried by this kind of news, because it means that the main Clojure team is now dependent on a single institution. But it could be good news as well, depending on how things go.

Until now, I've been getting nothing but excellence from the Clojure team: not just great tools, but also great thinking behind them. I appreciate what I've gotten (for free!) until now, and hope that the trend will continue :-)
> This is the fallacy of modern tech-based capitalism and I hate it

I hate to break it to you but no capitalism (and for that matter no non-capitalism) has ever been structured in a way that would satisfy you. For labor to be compensated for its "true worth" there needs to be a way to accurately judge what the "true worth" of the labor is, and honestly, the person to whom it matters the most is the laborer. This suffers from several problems: 1) most people don't know what they are worth, ofetn aiming too high (dunning-kruger) or aiming too low (impostor syndrome) and 2) even if they did, it's quite impossible to read the laborer's mind, because worth is tied up in different values, that are not necessarily in alignment with the values of the employer (or the state, in the case of non-capitalisms).

I think these days things might even be a bit worse because we have a strong narrative of "do what you love"/"do what makes you happy" in most western societies (not necessarily a bad thing). But there is no corresponding "though may not correlate to what other people want of you, be prepared to pay the difference in price" narrative.
I was thinking this. Perhaps the researchers have a buyer lined up, but were obliged to publish. So this way, they can at least have a place to start, if the tech leaks into the public domain, or finds it's way into some product.
I wish there are more content on i18n and l10n.

How do we go about language difference with icons and placement.
> In SF/Seattle, if they do not add the COL multiplier, your wages are low enough, that you might reject the offer.

That's not quite it. In SF/Seattle, you'll have either high-paying opportunities you can take instead if you're in software.

Plenty of people who aren't in software live in SF/Seattle and accept very low pay despite the high COL.
SW-based simulation is mostly about functional correctness and robustness of an implementation. Even with cycle-accurate simulations there is a lot of data you can't just extrapolate from simulation results pertaining to timing and performance constraints. And that's where emulating CPU/GPU/ASIC designs generally help the most.
> Just let it happen and see what the attractor becomes for this large, dynamical system.

I think the problem with this stance is that "this large, dynamical system" actually determines whether people have food to eat. Playing experiments with the labour market is extremely unethical in my opinion.
Tested my app: https://videohubapp.com/

Searched for "Video Hub App" and it didn't find my website :(