skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Interesting fact about the Prime Number Theorum. It is NOT an estimate of the number of primes below a certain N but instead it is an upper bound on the number of primes. The classic formula derived from it, n/log(n), is always above the actual number of primes (except for very small 'n' (<10) where the approximation has significant error).

You can compare the actual counts of primes below 10^x (sequence A00688) to the estimates provided by the prime number theorum to see this (sequence A057835) for yourself.

Explanation:
At the risk of once again proving the Prime Number Theorum we can use a sieve to illustrate the upper bound. Above 2 there's an upper bound of 1/2 numbers possible being prime, since only 1/2 numbers are not a factor of 2. Above 6 there's an upper bound of 1/3 numbers being prime (only 1/3 numbers above 6 are not a factor of 2 or 3) and the cycle of multiples of 2&3 repeats every multiple of 6 so only 2 number remain that aren't a factor of 2 or 3 every multiple of 6. We could say above 30 (which is 2 * 3 * 5) only 8/30 numbers are possibly prime since only 8/30 numbers are not a factor of 2,3 or 5 on a repeating cycle. We could again create a sieve at 2 * 3 * 5 * 7 (210) with a repeating cycle of those factors (with 48/210 numbers remaining that aren't factors).

The prime number theorum can be derived from this upper bound.

If you're sieving out factors of a prime each time one is discovered you would be checking 1/2 * 2/3 * 4/5 * 6/7 * 10/11... etc. numbers for primality. This is essentially the left hand side of the Euler product formula you can see here - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_the_Euler_product_for...
Also see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%27s_totient_function#Eul...

Now that same totient function is a good way to derive the prime number theorum - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_number_theorem#Prime_num...

So the prime number theorum is essentially defining the counts resulting from a sieve of primes. A sieve is an upper bound on the number of primes. Eg. there's numbers of the form 6n+1 or 6n+5 that aren't prime (eg. 25) that won't be filtered by that sieve but also aren't prime and as we've seen the prime number theorum can be dericed from this sieve. This is why the prime number theorum is an upper bound that always overestimates the actual number of primes below a certain number.

I suspect there are possibly ways to refine the prime number theorum further so that it's not always over estimating but i don't know how to do this. I can just understand why it's always an overestimate.
Well the algorithm for floating point addition is very complicated so regardless of whether they were gaming the flops you would expect floating point multiplication to be at least as fast as floating point addition on most architectures.
Data Structures is one of the best CS classes I've taken so far. I can now easily solve problems that would have seemed nearly impossible beforehand. I enjoyed it so much that I'm planning on taking an optional class next semester that goes over lesser-known and more advanced algorithms.

Once you know a lot of these algorithms, it becomes painfully obvious which developers haven't learned about them. For instance, I know someone who works as a driver for UPS and they have a piece of software that automatically plans a route to each delivery and pickup. There's a lot of variables such as certain packages that have to be delivered before noon, business deliveries that have to be done before the business closes, etc. The software they are currently using is not efficient at all. It will have them deliver to a building, drive down the street and deliver somewhere else, and then drive back and deliver to the building next to the first one. It's so painful to hear about this software because I've solved a very similar problem in under an hour at a programming competition using Dijkstra's Algorithm and Traveling Salesperson. Obviously, my solution didn't have nearly the same level of variables, nor was it held to "enterprise" standards. However, considering the level of inefficiency the software constantly produces, I'm convinced that it isn't using any standard algorithms but instead some hacked-together solution from a programmer who hadn't learned the established way to solve similar problems.
Money can buy me time, which is one of the most limited things we have on this earth. I know what you are saying and this is advice I've often given as well. But please consider that I never said that I was looking to buy happiness. I want money for practical purposes and I know what it can and can't do. I am quite happy in my personal life and money can only mildly enhance that. But I also am tired of budgeting for whether I need new tires or to get my moles looked at this month. Whether I should invest in a retirement fund or my kids' college fund. Whether I can go to a restaurant or buy a new pair of slacks and a couple of shirts. Whether to keep living in a house that's bursting because it's too small or sell my soul to a mortgage provider for a bigger one.
This was my first impression as well, except with less knowledge on the subject.

Someone, somewhere said "huh...", and placed another filter into the pipeline to handle these types of images.

While looking for something to sound smart wrt the tank-training myth, I found this interesting page: https://www.gwern.net/Tanks "The Neural Net Tank Urban Legend"

And interestingly, looking at the link for "superresolution needing learned downscalers" found this: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12904 "Learned Image Downscaling for Upscaling using Content Adaptive Resampler", code available at https://github.com/sunwj/CAR

So, IDK, seems like this Fawkes approach will be an interesting paper.
Upcoming Auctions at Silicon Valley Disposition
To be fair (as a problem we have is that there is a small oligopoly of players and they all mostly suck), the original Android G1 was a locked down device: to get root on it required you to buy the Android ADP1 (which cost a lot more and had serious limitations with respect to apps from the Market); we only got root on it due to a bug (so the same as with iOS... it was just a dumber bug ;P). But yeah: Android wouldn't be usefully open source to anyone if you couldn't at least build your own device to test and run it on, and they clearly support that and they even provide emulators (and, thankfully, more recent, first-party Google devices are nice and open: Google learned their lesson there pretty quickly).
Mobile app to request Bakkies, Box truck and Towing Van
The app works just like UBER. But for people that needs truck to relocate from one place to another, or transportation of good. It support 3 types of vehicles. Bakkies, Box truck and Towing van.

Easily request with BAKIFY.
1. Open the app and set your destination.
2. Select a Vehicle Type and Request a driver to pick you up.
3. Include items you want to transport in the message box before request (optional).
4. Request your Ride and enjoy BAKIFY to your destination.

BAKIFY User app: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bakify.www...

BAKIFY Driver app: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bakifydriv...
Hah, design docs at Google...

I read probably hundreds of deigns docs during my 6 years at Google.

I think among them, only a handful of design docs, like < 10, are considered clear, clean, and succinct. And all of them are more or less retrospective ones summarizing a system after it's already being implemented and running for a while.

The newer design docs, which are served as actual working documents for an active projects, are no doubt primarily a process mechanism to solicit design inputs, and garner supports from stakeholders.

It is a formality to show that the project owner is willing to waste his time and to convince so-called "reviewers" about the validity of the project. The reviewers usually do not read the design doc in earnest. Only the stakeholders, like the TL of the team, potential customers, partners, would spend serious time on them. It's more or less a debate ground for stakeholders to pointing fingers at the design process. That's also why the design doc is written in Google Doc in the first place.

Once a design is "approved", it usually means from most major share holders are satisfied, to everyone is wearied down enough and the project has enough importance to actually push forward, they are OKed for implementation.

After that the design doc is largely useless, the designs laid out in the doc is usually 1) too simple that there is no need to consult design doc anyway, one can explain it in a few minutes chat; 2) too complicated that the design diverges from the actual code that the design doc offers little guidance. And very few design docs sit in between.

All in all, anything produced during a software engineering project seems all is about being a tool for organizing the human interaction process, the artifact, aside from a very high-level motivational piece, and the end result code + docs, whatever in between seems largely bears little value after the work is done.
Doom is 1993. Quake is 1996.
Ok, but now you're filtering out a good chunk of people smart enough to work for G - so your applicant pool just got dumber.
I don't know of any direct evidence, but my understanding is that Tucker met reporters reporting on him at his new residence.

For context, they moved a while back because they had a crowd of protesters beating on his door and terrifying his wife & kids, who hid in a closet and called 911.
Simple Things That Make Elixir a Pleasure to Use (and One That Doesn’t)
No, but the market wouldn't even exist if not for Apple creating it. iOS apps by its nature depend on Apple's technology. It isn't the same as restaurants or hotels that acquire customers through GrubHub or Booking.
My company recently moved from Slack to Teams, for financial reasons.

I'm sorry but Teams absolutely sucks compared to Slack. There are tens of thousands of people voting for feature requests on the Teams community site, to bring Teams to parity with Slack. The killer one is that when you start a thread in Teams, it will be pushed to the most recent spot every time someone comments on the thread. In Slack, the original post that started the thread is stable, and threads are in a side panel, so the order of original posts is maintained chronologically.

There are other examples as well, but just in general I find myself spending way more time just navigating around in Teams and losing productivity trying to work within it.
For those who like me didn't know about the blog until today, and why it's a big deal:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate_Star_Codex#New_York_Time...
Make sure to click the lead image to see the star also.
You guys need to understand that people have been saying things like "a lot of them look like duds" and "almost all the others are just X for Y" literally, and continuously, since YC got started.
I can't continue down this rabbit hole so I'm asking for a handout. I remember reading about the limitations of light and contrast to resolve smaller details on the moon or other solar systems like this. I've since lost the details and links to time.

Is there any upper limit, physically, to this? Would it be possible on paper to design a system that could take pictures of the moon where you could see individual strands of hair on a human?

I'm curious if we might at some point construct enormous arrays of telescopes spanning large (human perspective) sections of space that could give us a window into our galaxy.
I am responding to the comment about

>just new web frontends on existing industries

The gig economy is just some subset of that.

In reality, 'just new web frontends on existing industries' describes the majority of the demand for software development right now. It's not good or bad, though some of the actors and some of the businesses will be good or bad. It's not boring or interesting, though some of the applications and implementations will be boring or interesting. It just is.
Interestingly enough the post itself is being shown as flagged. Kinda ironic if you ask me.
From what I've been told the quality of education varies enormously from institutions to institutions in India. [0][1].

I suspect the diploma is used as a filter for the large amount of applications companies receive.

[0] https://restofworld.org/2020/india-engineering-degree/

[1] https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/jobs/only-6-of-those-pa...
People who want privacy won't use Jio. At the moment Ambani's own the government this was pretty much clear when this article came "Reliance’s Jio Institute gets government’s Institution of Eminence status but it’s yet to be set up".

Theres nothing much need to be said about this.

What's interesting about current Indian market, everybody want to settle up their debt or planning on delisting. Jio is just a way of Ambani settling up his debt nothing else new in it. JioMart is just another super Market like DMart(walmart clone). There is nothing new or benefit to end customer. Just another app.
Regardless of how good health care at-large is, won't it necessarily always be the case that those with money will be able to afford to purchase something better? Would it make anyone more healthy to eliminate that?
Our date picker is in progress right now actually. Should be available relatively soon. Date pickers are one of the most complicated components, especially due to internationalization/accessibility requirements.
Openbsd checks all these boxes!
Depends on the language. In my experience Vietnamese -> English is horrid and comes out as mostly garbage. Interestingly, the reverse has been better from what my Vietnamese friends tell me.
That's what the great filter theory means when they talk about it being behind us -- we don't see life in other places because developing to where we are now is almost impossible.

I don't buy it though -- we're in an average planet on an average star, nothing about our environment seems to be particularly rare.
So, to give a concrete example: one way Q could ratchet back on the aggressive hate in the nonsense is to just stop posting. Stop posting anything. That would ratchet it down.
Ultimately, YC exists for the benefit of the investors. It's symbiotic with startups, of course, but the measure of success is ultimately the return YC achieves for itself. It seems unlikely that anyone but the inner circle has that data, but given the type of people that run YC, I'd expect they experiment and then observe results, refactor, experiment again, ultimately heading in the direction of what improves their return. I'd be surprised if they haven't debated class and check sizes at great length since the beginning, and then settled those debates by observing the results of the changes over time.
This is as much about their lack of historic engagement with new platforms than a fundamental difficulty in adapting the teaching process or content. Universities have been very invested in a high cost model. It's time to change. This like many things we are now discovering are ripe for reform and have lacked only the right catalyst to set a painful but necessary progress in motion.
I think Ethics/Ethical Theory class from a philosophy department should be added as well.
Huge fan of Gloo

Simple to run and manage. Look forward to the future with them
Apple, creatives, and disability rights activists reflect on 30 years of the
I think it’s a bit dishonest for us to imply it would have taken a determined online sleuth — unless we now consider anyone who would have simply googled a name to be a determined sleuth.

I agree though, it’s kind of a silly thing to put much concern into. I’m done worrying about it as well lol.
> If a human's neural network can correctly correlate the before/after examples, so can a computer's.

color _me_ skeptical, but
this is like saying we have functioning AGI; that artificial NNs are the same as the ones we have in our skulls. This to me, is an effect of the over-anthropomorphization of machine learning. It's a bad intuition to have.

However, I do agree. This is just one step in an arms race, and one iteration from being worthless.
what exactly is a "brand name coding bootcamp"? i dont have a particularly high opinion of General Assembly and its one of th ebiggest.
Why not just require social networks to verify identity and verify users are 18+ before allowing them to make an account? Furthermore, maybe even introduce a direct, easy-to-understand, hard-to-misuse law, enforceable locally (e.g. in the US it be a state law) that says committing fraud to join a social network is a misdemeanor with a $1,000 fine. Facebook can then report fraudsters to local police.

People would be less inclined to post this type of content to Facebook if it their account was very connected to their real identity, if they were 18+, and if there was meaningful punishment for making fake accounts or accounts with stolen identities.
Developer here. I would appreciate any feedback. Thanks!
I’m surprised to hear the Berlin interpretation brought up here. I thought for the most part that people had moved on.

Anyway, a lot of classic (Berlin) roguelikes put you in situations where it is impossible to escape combat. If the enemy you’re facing is faster than you and you have no tools of escape, combat is probably unavoidable.

So there are plenty of situations in a classic roguelike which are simply game over because you saw a monster (likely out of depth) you had no chance of beating. It may be unlikely if the game throws lots of escape tools at you, but there’s always the chance you don’t get any of them on a given seed.
Eastern philosophy puts it at 1% at best, rest is pure autopilot mode.
Yep! that is exactly what our system also does. QA sign off and automated tests run against our preview env. We aren't pushing PRs to prod.

It's just hard to justify the validity of a preview env if the deployment is different to that of prod, the deployment and infra is part of what you test IMO.

The reality is that if you want fast builds an experience that makes it easy to compare different commits, etc.. there is a tradeoff.

What makes you say there needs to be a tradeoff? If you can deploy these preview environments so easily why can it not be the same for production too?

I actually think this is a great sounding product. I've pushed in almost every company I've worked at in the past to have per PR environments but never actually had it working for real until my current workplace and it is fantastic. It's for sure made easier with the use of serverless and/or container
Yes. They're a big organization with a lot of internal controls and transparency and a long history of owning up to mistakes. The idea that they would do something underhanded and manage to keep it secret is an extraordinary claim and requires real evidence, not "it sounds like the kind of thing those jerks would do" from someone who disagrees with their political bent.
It didn't change my outlook on anything

Someone can say this about any single lower undergraduate subject :)

p.s. Library Science course would have been an eye-opening experience for me, given my fascination with books and libraries when I was a teenager.
There are people that really like chocolate and some people that really hate chocolate.

Human are so diverse.

Is is really hard to believe that there are people that are not negatively affected by this ?
There's also a cross-framework web components implementation for the Angular, Vue, Svelte, Ember users out there: https://opensource.adobe.com/spectrum-web-components/
Normally we'd downweight a submission this lame, but we can't do that because https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu.... We turned off the flamewar detector for the same reason.

It's nice that the commenters have pointed out most of the wrongness though.
How much did they pay for this report? It doesn’t seem to mention that
The "Unfriended" horror flicks are like this
I suspect it also depends on how blatantly unwinnable the game is. Imagine you started up a game of Civilization, where you started on a single hex surrounded by impenetrable mountains. That may have a very low odds of happening, but if it does, you'd probably be fairly upset at the game.
it was. two years ago i changed job and the current employer use Skype for business as it was part of Office 365. we moved off Skype when Windows Team roll out.
Well, for example, Gremlin Leader and Reptomancer don't have hardcoded patterns but they will not do the same attack twice in a row, that's what I mean by "semi-random". A lot of enemies are like that, they cannot use the same move more than x times in a row.

Some enemies have fully hardcoded patterns, or hardcoded patterns with multiple choices like you say, like the Heart. That's maybe less "semi-random" and more "hardcoded with a bit of randomness".

(I'm not sure which is more common between the two actually, I don't pay that close attention to attack patterns of normal enemies.)
Reflation in Warp Speed
I totally understand where this is coming from, but even if we factor AWS out. IAM _IS_ difficult to implement, there really isn't a way to make it "simple" while still make it extremely granular. You can't have without the other.
Implying YC had a soul
I'm in my mid thirties, I'll look into PSA, and my father has prostatitis, but no family history of prostate cancer(my grandfather died 86 years old, but lived a much healthier life than me or my father).

So I'll definitely keep it under observation, I just hope those percentages will improve in the next decades.
Everybody keeps saying that it is a no brainer to take a gap year. I am headed into my senior year and I don't think it is as clear cut as everybody here makes it out to be. What are my options when I take a gap year? I can either live in my apartment near my school and do nothing or live at home. Either way, I am doing nothing because I have no money.

I haven't gone to classes consistently since the end of my sophomore year. As this year has unfolded, I've discovered that I can learn material much faster out of a textbook. I miss lectures because it was nice having a professor physically near me for questions and advice. That said, I am managing fine. Testing has been completely changed at my University and the anxiety I had around it is gone. I have 24 hours + open book for my exams now. I actually fill in many of the gaps in my course knowledge during the midterms and finals, leading to a more complete understanding of the class. This is obviously not true for everybody, but I am learning more and faster than I was before, leaving free time to explore adjacent interests and read.

The biggest problem I am facing with my learning at the moment is administrative nonsense. Enrolling for classes was already bad (UC). Now, not only is it bad, but it is pointlessly bad. I am not allowed to enroll in a class because there are 35 students in it. Based on what I've seen, maybe 20 will watch the live zoom lectures. Why is an online class that hardly anybody shows up to being capped? I believe it is because there is some contractual limit on how many students a prof/ta can be "responsible for". My roommate got that explanation after he was told he couldn't enroll in the last class he needed to graduate last quarter. In my mind, that reasoning does not hold at all given the current situation. It is either shocking that the administrators don't realize this or it is disgusting that they do realize it and choose not to change it.

That said, I am paying nearly $70,000 this year. Same as I paid last year. I am being ripped off this year. I was ripped off last year. Last year was terrible and this year is extremely terrible. At this point, I want to put the whole thing behind me. College has been great because all I've had to do is learn and I've made amazing friends. This year we'll be in our apartment carrying on.

The biggest concern that I have is the job market I'll graduate into.