skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I was operating under the assumption that a market that has tariffs on foreign goods [0] is not ‘truly free’ but perhaps you disagree.

But now you're just being pedantic. You could make the same argument about taxes, where some states have higher property taxes so factories there have a competitive disadvantage and so on. But then you can't even make the same claim of black markets because their illegality increases costs.

In practice what matters is not whether there is some kind of ideologically pure anarchist vision of freedom which requires no government to exist anywhere in the world, but rather whether there exists competition sufficient to keep margins thin and make companies responsive to customer demands. Which there is, for things like chairs. Some might even say for things like package delivery.

> Do you expect a private company to service every single rural address that currently receives mail for the same or lower price?

They would surely provide service to every address at a price which pays their costs and a market rate of return. Whether that's lower than the existing price in every single case whatsoever doesn't seem like a very strong argument to hinge the entire existence of the USPS on. Especially when there isn't any obvious reason why that subsidy should be a moral imperative, or if it somehow was why it couldn't be satisfied with an explicit subsidy rather than operating an entire national business as a monopoly just to create an implicit one.

> We can’t even get ISPs to wire the entire country.

The incumbents that have captured the regulators? Of course not. And they've had regulations put into place to keep anyone else from doing it either.

Meanwhile, Starlink.
There may be an opportunity for Bitcoin to alleviate some of the inflation concerns and monetary controls the Lebanese face these days.

Bitcoin has been fairly stable in terms of exchange rate, relatively speaking from it's early days. Lebanon has high cellphone penetration rate with an educated population. Adoption may be necessary
None of existing AI, ML, DL, RL algorithms is intelligence either.
I check some sites I build in `links2` for accessibility from both a latency and capability perspective. It's rather interesting to see things from a blind person's perspective, though for many companies I'd imagine the cost not worth the revenue.

It'd be interesting to do a market research study on what the impaired population for a given vertical is, and put some data-driven arguments behind adding support for accessibility.

Honestly, doing that would probably improve the UX for people with normal eyesight as well, because it'd force you to think about document layout and component interaction carefully.
I find it useful as he needed it for the following sentence to make sense :

A good notation should make this map Notation (and its inverse) as close to a (natural) isomorphism as possible.

Having said he want an isomorphism for Notation sums up all the following points he made explicitly (and more), so we could argue that we can keep the Notation and the isomorphism part but remove all the following point 1..9+

I think that in this way the post reach more people :) some needs only to read the first sentences, some the properties and finally some the example.

Isn't it a nice way to understand what he is trying to say in as much different ways as possible?
What does this have to do with billionaires? Everyone does from private citizens to governments do this, and land itself has value whether there are resources are not.
> If it isn't profitable to offer delivery there then they would have no reason to compete for it even now

Incorrect. They are not competing for that service. Rather they extend their networks to match USPS because they wish to attain feature parity with the USPS. It would be annoying to address a package to a U.S. address, take it into FedEx and find they would not deliver it. This is the case with many smaller parcel carriers. The large national carriers wish to be competitive in cost and convenience to USPS.

You can read about USPS's universal service obligation here.

https://about.usps.com/universal-postal-service/usps-uso-exe...

> In a very rural area, rather than sending a mail truck on a fifty mile trek through the wilderness to deliver one parcel, everyone in the area might have a mailbox in the town center and pick up their mail whenever they go into town,

That is in fact generally how it works but even still the postage rates for rural areas are subsidized by urban areas.
I have been using TypeScript in JS[1] mostly seamlessly. Types are annotated using doc comments above the thing your annotating.

It is a bit hard to define complex types. E.g. I couldn’t for the life of me annotate the return value of the pipe function:

function pipe(init, ...ops) {
return ops.reduce((acc, op) => op(acc), init)
}

For these instances they suggest writing a declaration file[2]. However I have found the documentation isn’t really clear on this usecase (in fact I find the documentation of TypeScript somewhat lacking in general).

But overall getting these typehints into my editor environment has been worth it. And I haven’t had to sacrifice the save → run workflow.

1: https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/type-checking-j...

2: https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/declaration-fil...

EDIT: An example annotated JS file for typescript: https://github.com/runarberg/strawberry-router/blob/master/s...

`npm run check` just runs typescript’s type checker, there is no compile step.
> you can get it running in an afternoon, and it's easy to configure by hand.

This read like a joke. Nagios looks like it's from stone age having files in cgi-bin folder with unnecessary complication to installation and management, unless they made it any better at some point.
It’s more beneficial to have a flat postage rate that doesn’t price people out of living in certain areas simply due to postage rates. First class mail is an essential service.
No, what I am doing is using high order, conservative (universal DAEs), strong-stability preserving, etc. discretizations for the numerics but utilizing neural networks to represent unknown quantities to transform it into a functional inverse problem. In the discussion of the HJB equation, we mention that we solve the equation by writing down an SDE such that the solution to the functional inverse problem gives the PDE's solution, and then utilize adaptive, high order, implicit, etc. SDE integrators on the inverse problem. Essentially the idea is to utilize neural networks in conjunction with all of the classical tricks you can, making the neural network have to perform as small of a job as possible. It does not need to learn good methods if you have already designed the training problem to utilize those kinds of discretizations: you just need a methodology to differentiate through your FEM, FVM, discrete Galarkin, implicit ODE solver, Gaussian quadrature, etc. algorithms to augment the full algorithm with neural networks, which is precisely what we are building.

So I completely agree with you that throwing away classical knowledge won't go very far, which is why that's not what we're doing. We utilizing neural networks within and on top of classical methods to try and solve problems where they have not traditionally performed well, or utilizing it to cover epistemic uncertainty from model misspecification.
http://archive.is/ZX7o7
Brrr ... so chilly in here!
Well for instance, I only use Twitter for news/activism. it's not aligned for anything else
Typescript can seamlessly interop with existing JS libraries. This is a huge advantage over any non-JS language.
Instagram is testing a 'Personal Fundraiser' feature
To be fair, Canada Post is a Crown corporation, so it's still primarily state owned.
It works in India because elections are federally managed , and poll workers are federal employees who have to do the duty .

In US the rules are per state and complicated also while mostly paid poll workers are really volunteering for the job .

The second part surprises me all the time , US May have lesser polling booths if they have lesser people volunteer to be poll workers . Despite collecting so much tax and have so many government employees , Election Day in the US depends on so much on volunteers

Election Day is also not a national holiday . I am sure the country can afford a single day off every 2/4 years so people can vote . You don’t even need an extra holiday, Keep it on 4th July if you have to, what better to celebrate independence than casting your vote ?

Free and fair elections is the foundation of democracy, with all the gerrymandering , ID rules , mail-in ballot issues, voter suppression I am not sure how free and fair US elections truly are and how much of the population they truly are represented
The USPS is subsidized to keep prices low, and furthermore is a public institution which seems to be a clear benefit for mail-in ballots.
Bezos's comments here seem to echo things that Edward Tufte has said.

I do think presentations ('powerpoints', though Powerpoint itself is pretty horrible) have their place, if done well — but they very rarely are.
The US health care system isn't a good example of anything except regulatory capture. (It's a bad example of a ton of things, including both "government run health care" - thanks VA - and "free market health care")

EDIT: though it does still provide the best care in the world, if you're able to pay for it.
I read a few years ago that there's more history happening than historians can keep up with. Scary thoughts
Yes, I can refute that claim.
TimescaleDB now provides built in compression.

https://docs.timescale.com/latest/using-timescaledb/compress...
There are, at least in theory, pretty serious federal laws in place to prevent tampering with, or delaying, the mail.

Moreover, it's a completely neutral service - a ballot from Berkley, CA is treated identically in terms of priority as one from Amarillo, TX.

In a world where UPS gets to serve however they see fit, it's perfectly legal for the company to prioritize one over the other in terms of prompt delivery or to prioritize care that the mail arrives unmolested.
1) Pools sizes are not fixed number and more over, founders can invite other companies to existing pool on a rolling basis
2) We have done modeling, obviously selection is the top determinant of payouts (20% avg. success rate vs 40% success rate) but bigger pool sizes ensure potential for a breakout company.
Happy to share if interested, contact us at contact at founderpools.com
I think that's a more complex story. There's a huge amount of government oversight. And health insurance completely obscures the true cost of medical care from the individual consumers so market forces don't really have a chance to work.
It's nothing to do with Google being rich - it's about them running an unethical business model of spying on people and selling catalogues of their behavior without their full knowledge or necessarily their consent. (Let's admit, this model relies on the vast majority being naive about data collection and sharing practices.)

The entitlement is actually from Google et al. They think they're entitled to aggregate your data simply because you visit their web page - but we know that the internet does not necessarily work that way, and an ad blocker can thwart their efforts.

I don't think I am entitled to other people's content, but I can access it - that's what happens when you put things in a public space like the internet. The content creator is fully aware that some people are going to block ads and they still upload it anyway. Perhaps they get more viewers by making their content public rather than hiding it behind a paywall?

The store comparison does not work because there is a deprivation of a physical product involved. No deprivation occurs with digital data which can be cloned an infinite number of times. You might argue that you are depriving the provider of bandwidth, but they have elected to make something public with the understanding that they may not be compensated for that bandwidth.

The surveillance business model is only sustainable for as long as people are willing to give up their data in exchange for services. If they are not willing, then Google et al will have to find a new business model. They aren't entitled to your data just because they've made some content publicly accessible and you have chosen to access it whilst maintaining your own privacy.

Perhaps there will be other options for monetization of content other than the surveillance-company-masked-as-advertiser model. Where you can pay for stuff without giving up your privacy.
What would be your idea to ensure scaled, cost-effective production of the ideas that come from these institutions?

And we can’t consider an idea validated until it is brought to market.
Judea Pearl receives Carnegie Great Immigrant award
> this isn't a left/right issue either...in the 90/2000s almost every left-wing govt moved in this direction...

True, and yet as someone who is extremely liberal on social issues and cannot possibly find a home on the right, I still feel uncomfortable among many on the left who don't worry as I do about the potential for stagnation in the absence of competition. It's different than it was back in the 80s but there is still a divide.
> For example, if they want access to consumer mailboxes in an area, they need to cover 100% of the addresses USPS covers without routing packages through USPS. That way, they don't have the ability to surgically cherry-pick the most lucrative aspects and leave USPS with the crappy bits due to its mandates.

That strikes me as unreasonable. We don't impose that kind of a requirement on package delivery on one's porch...why should we impose that requirement on paper mail delivery in one's mailbox? In no communication enterprise do we ever require 100% coverage. Markets finds some equilibrium with global, national, and local players coexisting. The same can be true for state-run enterprises.
The discussion of mathematical notation reminds me of the talk by Guy Steele "It's Time for a New Old Language", discussed previously in HN [1]. That talk was focused on the Math notation that is used in computer science papers, but I feel a similar analysis could be expanded to other areas of Math.

1: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15473199
> So food is really important and vital. Should the government be in charge of growing and distributing food?

> Of course not. This experiment has been tried with horribly deadly results.

I assume you're referencing famines in communist countries, etc. In those instances, the government had a monopoly on food growth and distribution.

Your example is irrelevant because the USPS is just one of numerous mail carriers (UPS, FedEx, etc).
Very nice, good looking game. It has the same mechanics of Antimatter Dimensions, would you kindly explain the idea of this mechanics? Such simple mechanic but super addictive...
> In contrast to 6g (the original Go compiler) gccgo tries to mimic the native calling convention.

https://dr-knz.net/go-calling-convention-x86-64.html#differe...
Why not issue payouts instantly or at least on a daily basis?
You try living rent free on the MIT campus for a few years. Travel the world at other people's expense while you're at it. Let me know whether you're successful, them we can talk about what privilege is.
The elephant in the room when talking about making government work more like startups:

We don't allow governments to fail (easily) but startups fail frequently and we acknowledge that both bankruptcy and team failure leads to knowledge that is rare to gather without actually experiencing the failure.

I'm not advocating for anything in particular except to acknowledge this fact.
After working in Typescript for 18 months I've moved onto a new Rails project and I miss type checking so much every single day. There are so many dumb bugs that have slipped their way into production that would have been caught by type checks and null checks. It's professionally embarrassing for the client to see this stuff that would have been stopped by better tools.
You don’t billionaires to validate new ideas, and amazon was not started by a billionaire . Billionaires rarely If ever have created a brand new industry or idea to fruition

A billion dollar market is not the same a billionaire . You need the former you don’t need the later .
> a <10% layoff

My first reaction to the headline was mild shock that 960 people even worked for LinkedIn. What do 10,000 do at Linked? Netflix has 8,600 and Twitter has less than 5,000 for comparison
UPS ships more parcels than the USPS despite having to pay income tax, property tax, higher wages, and not having access to low interest loans. The UPS is more efficient and also loses less mail. For some reason, we're better off with the USPS. At the very least, they should have their entitlement to monopoly removed.
You got a point there with the neural networks. Though I never considered the ghosts from Pac-Man to have an AI. And why are you framing this as a "control the narrative"/political argument?
The artificial sweeteners are what create the gas and diarrhea. Sweeteners can affect people differently but more importantly it's the quantity that they eat.

If I have a couple sugar-free Lifesavers I'll fart a little bit more. If I say at the whole bag of sugar free gummy bears in 10 minutes well then I would be running to a toilet soon.

It's the surprise element. Most people don't know these things so they eat a bunch like normal then quickly realize their mistake.
It's sad to see technically inferior products having more popularity.

VictoriaMetrics pretty much has everything you'd hope for as a Prometheus long term storage, like direct PromQL support, good performance and ease of installation.
You will be paid, you will work. Many people go to Amazon just to get it on their CV then they fly away. They rarely keep talent over 3 years. (Afaik) Ask for retention data for the department you are joining if you want a clear picture. My hiring manager was blunt with me so I knew what I was going into.. ymmv etc.
"which is why killer cops never go to prison but their victims get million dollar damage payments"

Yes, the civil justice system is more private-party focused, but you have conveniently left out why victims obtain judgements in civil courts when cops are not convicted in criminal courts. In civil litigation, a judgement is made based on the preponderance of evidence. In the criminal courts, the standard is "beyond a reasonable doubt". It's easier for the plaintiff to win in civil court than for the prosecutor to win in criminal court.

Private/public control is inconsequential when compared to the level of proof required for conviction/judgement.
> Rather they extend their networks to match USPS because they wish to attain feature parity with the USPS.

But that doesn't even make sense. If it costs more to ship to a particular address, they have no reason to refuse to do it rather than simply charge an amount that causes it to still be profitable and then turn a profit in doing so.

> This is the case with many smaller parcel carriers.

Presumably because they know they don't have any operations there at all, and so the price they would have to charge wouldn't make them competitive with even FedEx and UPS. That proves nothing about whether the bigger carriers wouldn't still do it when they're positioned to offer the most competitive price.

> That is in fact generally how it works but even still the postage rates for rural areas are subsidized by urban areas.

But why is that a good thing? Cross-subsidies are inefficient. People in urban areas can be just as poor as people in rural areas, especially given the higher cost of living. And if you really want a subsidy like that then make it explicit -- and maybe pay for it on the backs of people who can afford it rather than people who can't.
I have lived in multiple places in the US, and never had problems with USPS. I have had troubles with Fedex, UPS, and DHL though.
I can assure you that there are programs with insane skill requirements, many of which have fed the executives and senior Security and IT staff at FAANG. They're not likely being overt about their previous jobs, choosing to instead make them sound less sexy so to speak, but they're 100% there. I would also note that you're over estimating 2nd party contributions to all the above.

You're right on the money for math though, crazy smart mathematicians.
One thing that often gets missed with PowerPoint is that it’s a fundamentally different mode of communication than writing, but people don’t treat it that way. One of the reasons it’s so hated is because people are trained to write essays and emails, and they try to build ppts in the same way.

Done well, slides can be incredibly informative (link below). Because it’s visual, you can present the shape of an argument well before having to articulate the details, a tremendously powerful tool for communicating complex ideas. Because it’s nonlinear, you can include a level of detail that would be tedious in a document.

Yes, these benefits often enable people to spout half-understood BS. But the medium itself is sticky for good reason - it’s powerful.

Edit: link https://medium.com/the-mission/the-greatest-sales-deck-ive-e...
That problem of pen-and-paper calculations featuring unintended errors is what I try addressing in a project I work on [1]. My approach is to use Sympy (which has a lot of Physics support) to validate expressions entered by a human. Not quite the AI-focus of this thread, but still a machine augmenting the work of researchers. To your point about the complexity of the math, the Physics Derivation Graph is able to handle simple inference rules but there's nothing preventing more advanced use.

[1] https://derivationmap.net/
Interesting. I wonder what gave in my ability to recognize Korean characters.
Yup. India is growing fast, and as China has shown, people will put up with a lot as long as they see things getting better around them.

That said, India is grappling with some mindbogglingly huge problems ranging from groundwater depletion to what's likely to be the world's worst COVID epidemic, so continuing on an upward path is by no means a foregone conclusion.
http://archive.is/BZ6fy
I dropped out of college at 19 and attempted to return at 21. My first math course back was discrete math and my teacher was a grad student who very clearly had no interest in teaching and was only there in order to subsidize his "real work". Keep in mind this is a large public university charging $40k/year. Going into his office hours was like going to another country, because his only method to explain math was really really advanced level math notation. He became visible frustrated that I didn't pick up on his notation. I wish I could say that was my only teacher who has no business teaching.

I dropped out again and haven't looked back. That system wasn't for me and didn't care about my success or its ability to transfer knowledge.
Personally I prefer the lack of a sequencer in ardour. I use muse or rosegarden for most midi tracks and hydrogen for drums. I feel like this fits more with the modular linux philosophy, though I do realize ardour is cross platform. I appreciate that ardour has pretty much one paradigm and does it well.
Core Design: Avoid Coupling at the Core
Carla, LV2 etc host, LV2/JACK patchbay, sound bank support, etc., by falkTX, maintainer of JACK and MOD Devices developer.

https://kx.studio/Applications:Carla https://github.com/falkTX/Carla https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/108225/87578308-26...
It hasn't always been a public corporation. USPS only dates back to 1970. Previous to that it was the US Post Office Department, a cabinet-level agency. It was reorganized in 1970 in response to a strike:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._postal_strike_of_1970