skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> how a mandatory vaccine is justifiable

Where did the "mandatory" come from?

If a vaccine is promising but unproven, the sensible thing is to make it available to those who want to take the risk.

I agree that for a mandatory vaccine, you want a high level of certainty.
Now you only need to convince the scientists to write proofs in their papers in Coq or Isabelle so that you can check them.
don't hate the player hate the game
Looks good. A small suggestion for the website: perhaps I missed it, but I watched both videos "record a test" and "view test results" on the front page and I didn't see Reflect detects an actual regression.
The biggest reason that so pushes me away from VC funding. One Pre-Seed fund reached out, so, and I will most likely pitch the guys. Because VC money allows you to speed things up in ways you can't by relying on free cash flow.

That being said, I'd still prefer the latter becaus I don't want another boss (or multiple ones). Gess it depends on the conditions, so.

And good point about the HR-department moment, that's the thing I fear the most in getting to many customers!
Thank you for the comment. I haven't read that but I will take a look!
Moderna's vaccine does not require two doses, they administered two doses as part of their phase 2 trials to test for adverse reactions. They are only doing a single 100 µg dose for their phase 3 trials, and it's likely that will be the dose in the final vaccine:

https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/moderna-finalizes-desi...

Moderna has plans to be able to manufacturer 1 billion doses a year. AstraZeneca has announced plans to manufacturer 2 billion doses a year, with plans to produce 300 million doses by the end of 2020. The Chinese firms Sinopharm and Sinovac are ramping up their production right now, and will produce 200-300 million doses by the end of 2020. With all the other firms developing a vaccine it seems highly likely we could produce enough vaccine to vaccinate the entire population of the Earth in a single year. Now distributing and administering that much vaccine is another story, but manufacturing will not likely be the bottle neck.
It looks like a cup of coffee foam?
So it's much bigger proverbial 'blast-radius' lest something happen to CloudFlare? Can you elaborate a bit on that part? I'm interested in knowing more.
It is PR - maybe I should have linked to the HSE's press release: https://www.hse.ie/eng/services/news/media/pressrel/covid-tr...

The app has been open sourced by the Irish Government, not Nearform who were the developers. The copyright is owned by the HSE (the Irish public health authority).

The app being open source does benefit Nearform, though, as they can sell their services customising the app for other governments.
Same network rules and configuration? Same CDN settings? Same DNS? Same data in the databases? Same volume of traffic on the queues?

(Rhetorical questions. Of course the answer is no.)

All of these things have huge impact on the actual similarity of the systems, and consequently how they behave.
Show HN: Stalk Studio – An experimental debugger based on distributed tracing
Stupid question - why will a coronavirus vaccine take so long even when they say people are working at an incredible pace if we can produce a new flu vaccine each year? Are scientists guessing strains multiple years in advance so there is time to produce a vaccine or something?
This is a useless reply. There is no black and white, and the parent is asking about the shades of graay.
Not really. A vaccine is never 100% effective.
A lot of the comments here focus on claims made in bad faith. But the biggest value of citations is when one is trying to make or check a claim in good faith. Many times I find that my own long-held beliefs turn out to be incorrect or partially incorrect or misunderstandings when I fact-check them with a reliable expert source.

As for claims made in bad faith? Don't trust these whether they have citations or not. Because there are a variety of primary sources on every topic and most things in life are uncertain, it is frequently possible to cherry pick an expert opinion that aligns with yours if you look hard enough. This makes fact the servant of opinion rather than the other way around.
Hey HN -- I'm really excited to finally release my hobby project, which I've been working for over a year now.

At work, we experimentally used distributed tracing to debug a highly-event driven multi-agent system. There are not many alternative tools for (distributed) trace visualization & analysis; we had tried both Jaeger & Zipkin's built-in UI and Trace Compass. And I've found that the debugging experience to be too cumbersome since these tools are built for inspecting just a single request (trace). I wanted to see all the traces produced by a specific cluster in a specific time range to see the bigger picture. I wanted a more customizable DevTools-like experience. So that's why I've built Stalk Studio. Hope someone else finds it useful too.

And of course, any feedback is appreciated.
Rails doesn't have fast boot times even now. exiting after each request would result in much slower apps. Also, you couldn't reuse database connections so you'd get additional latency built into starting up a new connection with your db.

This isn't just a Rails thing either.

FAAS is a good thing. I'm a big fan. It's essentially the same thing as CGI which was awesome back in the day, BUT there are multiple good reasons to choose a framework that isn't constantly exiting.
One of my favorite papers highlighting the counter-intuitiveness of the world on a truly long term is Rohde et al, 2004, "Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans". Wherein they show using computer simulations, with conservative assumptions, that it's almost certainly the case that the so-called "identical ancestor point" was as recent as a few thousand years ago (a blink of an eye in geological terms).

What is this "identical ancestor point"? The IA point is the most recent time t such that if you choose any human alive at time t, then there are only two possibilities: (1) everyone alive in 2020 is their descendant, or (2) they have no descendant alive in 2020.

Or in other words: it's the most recent time t such that for every two people in the world today (say, me and you), the set of {my ancestors alive at time t} and the set of {your ancestors alive at time t} are identical.

And, with high probability, that time is within the past few thousand years. One consequence: if you were alive a few thousand years ago, it would be easier for you to literally become an ancestor of everyone alive in all of 2020, than it would be for you to write a book and have that book survive to 2020.
In my experience, it's extremely rare to find a CDN that doesn't expect to do TLS termination. My understanding of TLS is that it's exceptionally difficult to cache content if you cannot see into the requests.

Perhaps I have overlooked something?
MacBookPro with Safari.
Yes! 100% our feeling as well.
Also a pretty wild misreading ;)

Try: "Deepfakes aren't a huge concern because regular misinformation campaigns are still wildly successful."

I might go as far as to say: "Deepfakes aren't a huge concern because we live in a post-factual society, so evidence doesn't really matter."
What would it take to ramp that up? The flu shot only lasts a year (for entirely different reasons, but still!), and in that case, we actually need to adapt the drug itself each season.
II love cloudflare. It has really helped out with several sites/projects that I have worked on and the service is top notch. I am also an investor. I tend to invest in stuff which I use a lot or trust/respect the employees. Weirdly what made me really invest is the level of geekiness on the company. I remember seeing you guys using a lava lamp wall to generate entropy and just thought "that's awesome". I just wanted to say don't change. Your lz4 implementation, aes gcm golang optimizations have directly benefitted me. Coupled with really high quality post mortem articles, articles on interesting things like compression, encryption, networking, a few random articles (the privacy focussed file system recently comes to mind, written at the same time I was making my own distributed fs) just leave me with a lot of respect for the culture there.

I was worried a bit when I saw the initial IPO that the free tier would leave (despite promises it wouldn't) but that doesn't seem to be the case. Literally the only bad thing I've seen on the site is recently you switched from recaptcha to a new one that I had a real tough time with logging in today - it was a bit glitchy on my pc. The only suggestion I thought of as well would be a simple "maintenance mode" similar to the "I'm under attack mode" which would allow those of us without super-ha to quickly toggle on something to pop up a "sorry server"/site is down form maintenance page without having to mess with our proxies/web servers.

Anyway I know this comes across as totally kissing-ass but I just wanted to say thanks to someone who actually works there. Everyone fat fingers stuff every now and again,don't sweat it.
> Some AI/ML applications are clearly dangerous to the world. See other HN comment sections when facial recognition comes up.

I'm pretty ignorant on the background of what's being discussed (what did OpenAI change/do to become more closed?). But if OpenAI really believed this, the right thing to do would be to shut down and spend the money on advocacy. As it is, it seems that they're still releasing machine learning code/models, just not to everyone.
In England n England, flu vaccine uptake in people aged 65 years and over has fluctuated over time between 71% and 75%.
I'm sure developers are not measuring their own productivity in lines of code. Rather how fast tasks get completed or how easy it is to modify code etc
A countermeasure could be that stores & restaurants etc will only allow vaccinated people to enter.
> Although this virus has killed many, the risk factor for it is nowhere near high enough to warrant an emergency vaccine.

There might be a benefit in pushing it out to over 75s who are at severe risk from the virus (IFR 19%), or even over 65s (3%). Agree that it's not worth the risk of a barely understood vaccine on kids.
Traffic noise is a problem for many schools in urban areas — another reason you don’t want to open windows or teach outside.

Moreover, some schools have only small 100% paved outdoor areas.

Example:
Ánimo Westside Charter Middle School (funded by Gates Foundation)
https://goo.gl/maps/Wn2bu5kkh97Ygqt88

Nearby public elementary school adjacent to nature area, with ample unpaved space, somewhat less noisy, bit still problematic.
Playa Vista Elementary
https://goo.gl/maps/tydUVn1X9ppB7p699

(Not complaining about charter schools, but this is an interesting juxtaposition, unrelated to the main point of this topic.)
> The high number of high-speed relays and exits in Germany mean that it is not too uncommon to get both a German guard and exit. This gives the state an easier time if they want to target someone using traffic correlation attacks.

No, it doesn't. They'd need to control those computers, and they don't, do they? Because if they do, then "move your exit node somewhere else" won't help, because "you" are the state. And if they don't, no, I don't believe it's feasible for them to look at raw traffic (e.g. on the datacenter level) for two nodes in Germany and correlate individual data streams that may or may not be from one TOR connection.

> That also does not take in account the planned German law that will allow authorities to redirect traffic to state-owned servers, to infect users with viruses/Trojans.

They'd have to control the server though. They can't just decree that all TOR traffic must now be routed through their malicious endpoint. The laws are targeting ISPs and service providers and are for individual cases (i.e. "we know who's on the line") not for mass-infection, and will require a court order. They could do the individual surveillance with court order previously, what's new is that the provider can be forced to cooperate and proxy the traffic. It's still not applicable to TOR because it's not one large provider, and you can generally not say who's on the line.
Wikileaks and Piratebay are customers of CF, so your 'legal speech' must be really something. Any links?
Well you can't be average to run a good peertube instance. I was thinking more of people like Joe Rogan and Linus Tech Tips. People who've built a company around their content creation hobby and are capable of paying for ops and potentially seed boxes if needed.

It wouldn't be hard to host, but you'd have to be confident in your service provider or consultant.

Of course I doubt Linus would ever be censored by Youtube, he was just an example.
Erm... is that a puddle of liquid @ 1:53 or am I seeing things?

https://youtu.be/ZEyAs3NWH4A?t=113
I think their demos are pretty good. But it would be nice to offer some comparison of the bandwidth savings.

That being said, they're just starting and I'm sure they could find some fat to squeeze out of the data stream.
I pre-paid for a hotel with my debit card. The hotel cancelled the booking because of the lockdown in the UK. They refused to provide a refund, instead offering me to reschedule the booking some other time. As I was unlikely to visit that city any time soon I tried to get a chargeback through my debit card but I discovered that Government lockdowns are not covered by the Visa chargeback process.
10 minutes is the the milestone for "mid-roll" ads. As far as I can tell, this video has no ads in the middle.
Some of them are, some are not, as an end-user you don't know and it doesn't matter for the argument: That's over 2,000 organizations providing a Twitter-like service.
I think GP meant to say that the number being only 75% and used to be lower is caused by disinformation. I did have to do a double take.
In Poland, where I am from, there is both obligatory vaccination programme and schooling; yet the antivaxers are plentiful. The obligation to vaccinate rests on the parents (+requires their approval from what I understand) and their current GP so if they are creative they can avoid vaccination of their kids.

This also affects recommended vaccinations, like HPV. In Denmark, media coverage of alleged side effects led to a substantial drop (or delay) in vaccination against HPV (Hansen et. al, 2018).
> Purely speculating here, but I wouldn't put it past AWS or another large player acquiring them soon.

Internet™ by Amazon.

I really hope it doesn't come to this. I assume such a move would create a vacuum for a competitor. Not everyone wants to be completely owned by AWS.
It's the minimum length of time a video must be in order to enable mid-roll ads.

The 10 minutes one seems pretty arbitrary, but to arrive at 8 mins I suspect that Google studies how much time there needs to be so that mid-roll ads don't negatively affect engagement.

(Shout-out to all the wonderful, brilliant engineers working on figuring out how to minimize the user's reaction to cramming AS MANY ADS as possible down their brain)
don't know how they arrived at that specific number, but it was done because in the old days of youtube a lot of channels would spam 1-2 minute videos for that ad revenue

that's why videos like these exist
https://youtu.be/nfxpwbWBNuU
Ask HN: Are Ryzen processors good for development?
Coming from years of mac-only computing, I'm a bit lost as to what I should be looking for in a laptopt PC.

I see several laptops that use AMD Ryzen, they look like a cheaper option, but I don't know if it has any impact on software compatibility, specially on the development side, precisely front-end technologies like Node or PHP.

If you have any recommendation, it would help :)
The point isn't that those institutions have existed for long periods of time, but rather that they attempt to address long-term issues.
Do you have a source for this? I don't know much about immunology, but I know a little bit, and I don't think it's that thoughtful of a process. We have antibodies for all sorts of diseases, certainly not just for things like smallpox. This article suggests colds are endemic because they mutate too quickly for antibodies to be effective: https://www.technologynetworks.com/immunology/news/why-dont-... but we still make antibodies for them.
I am guessing many uploaders just don't realize that yet.
Edited to hopefully clarify. Thanks :)
Focus on free game assets: macarons
Well, Level Europe just gone bankrupt a month ago, and while I can register my claim (in another country only, and only in German, lol), non-refundable registration fee is > than the cost of the ticket, and that would be just a beginning.

Never mind I was never told I was buying from level europe, all the communications prior to bankrupcy mentioned just level or vueling. (bot are different companies)

Really, the whole thing is set up so that only rich get any chance for getting any money back out of bankrupt companies, at the expense of small customers of course.

And of course as soon as they go bankrupt they delete everyhting online, so you have absolutely nothing to reference other than your payment records and whatever meager info they put in their notification e-mails. (all the terms and conditions, and everything else is gone, no access to booking info, etc.)

This person can be glad he can have a voucher.
My mom runs an e-book company in the health space. She's love this! I have to put it on her website by tonight. Haha Great tool!!
Interesting facts that I didn't know before seeing this video:

- The opportunity rover captured a barren scene which was named Rub Al Khali (Yes! On Mars!), named after the Rub Al Khali desert area which touches UAE, Saudi, Oman and Yemen. (1) (2)

- The video says that Mars rovers send back images (not videos) and then those images are stitched together to create videos, because "nothing ever moves on Mars". But I wonder how a Mars video will look. Maybe it will surprise us (movements due to winds).

- Mars has a lot of clay (i.e. it was once a watery planet)

- Some videos took 1,000 images to make

- There is a beautiful selfie at timestamp 6:41

- There is dune named "Namib" on Mars, shown at timestamp 9:10, named after Namib desert in Africa. (3) (4)
References:

(1) https://mars.nasa.gov/resources/5874/opportunitys-rub-al-kha...

(2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rub%27_al_Khali

(3) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namib

(4) https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/jpl/slip-face-on-downwind...
Yes, it's based on binary thinking. Can governments be trusted (yes/no)? But we can't correct for this by taking the opposite stance because that's also binary thinking.

We should be able to say that some institution are useful and necessary, and also that we need to guard against corruption and abuse, looking at the possible threats and how to mitigate them.

It also helps to make distinctions between different governments and different employers.
The government's lack of uniform application of the law and disregard for rule of law. I'm tired of the hypocrisy and corruption.

Unionizing or creating a standardized contract for software developers across the industry. I'm tired of companies breaking their own policies, eroding benefits, and having unrealistic expectations.

Political parties need to be refreshed and probably add more so there aren't just two mainstream ones. I hate that this election will be a choice between two corrupt, senile, old aholes.

Restructuring government spending and taxes. For example, property taxes funding education - it provides uneven funding based on the socioeconomic status of the locale and also provides a mechanism to throw the elderly out if their homes, or prevent that transfer of 'wealth' to the next generation (who likely need it). And the spending side is ridiculous with their turf fields, fancy new buildings, etc.

I could go on and on.
Don't tell me what I do and don't want. I hate articles like this.
Confirmed. Once I switched to Chrome, I could see the 4K quality option.
Oxford University, AstraZeneca Covid-19 Vaccine Front-Runner Shows Promise
Well done sir
I think they meant how somewhat organising instead of anarchy saves lives.
> the percentage of people who install the country’s contact tracing app is driven much more by the quality of the people

That sounds strange. Explain more?
It's not the German government though, it's individuals and private pro-privacy organizations that provide the nodes. Among them are some that the blog post mentioned because they were targeted by law enforcement.
Very nice, I shared this with my sister who will love this, is it possible to make the book have a paperback appearance?
It also includes the DPIA, which in itself can be an expensive process. There was a lot of concern/press in Ireland pre-release about the privacy implications of the app. It's hot on the heels of a "mandatory but not compulsory" national ID card fiasco that was determined to be unlawful by the privacy regulator last year: https://www.thejournal.ie/psc-no-legal-basis-4766822-Aug2019...
Or just get an iPad, Chromebook or the like for your media consumption.
I don't get this at all. Tried 'free masons' and it gave me

“I’m Christomophobic. It’s a fear of Christian s—.”

Also a lot of stuff about startups. Why?
so what you're saying is that the court... works?
Is there a framework out there that faces as much consistent scrutiny as Rails?

It seems odd that for a decade the web dev community has singled out this framework. It's always relevant to suggest updates and things to be fix - any framework has those. But the continuing conversation of "is Ruby on Rails good enough" (which seems to be the underlying driver for conversation) is still present after hundreds of companies have built solid products with it.
A great number of people, even smart ones, have been tricked into believing the Truth can be found on the Internet. It can't.
Thanks! "Getting to Yes," from the (former?) Harvard Negotiation Project is the foundation, which describes how to find principles and create options to discover a deal you can all be happy with. It's of an era, but so was Euclid, so you'd be kind of conceptually helpless without it.

The idea of negotiation as an empirical process of value discovery, not sure, it might be mine, and the process of walking back the premises and then adding principles is a rhetorical device that originates in Socratic dialogue and seems to have been picked up by critical theory types as a dilution/diffusion technique, but covered and observed in a bunch of different places, some of them probably a bit culty. The idea of negotiation as a dialogue is the artifact of the old stuff, whereas I think it has changed, and while useful, you had to accept the assumption that the affairs of the world were decided by dialogue and reason. It was written before Twitter.

Compressing it this way is mine. I've been accumulating notes for an advanced negotiations book for years, maybe it's finally time to write it. :)
How exactly do you propose to split up Twitter? Split the userbase into 100 groups? Who goes in which group? And what happens when people want to switch groups... ultimately coalescing in a single node? Because, you know, network effects.

I don't like Twitter either, so I don't use it. It's a really effective solution!
I thought the Smallpox vaccine was, or basically was? That's how we were able to eradicate Smallpox by giving everyone the vaccine.
> think of you walking into a sports store and the first thing you spot is a pair of track pants worth $500. Now your brain is anchored on that price for a pair of track pants, so when you see another track pant this time with a price tag of $300 you will perceive it as cheap.

No, I will not. $25 for track pants I would perceive as cheap. There is no way in hell, no matter what overpriced items you show me first, that I will perceive $300 for track pants as "cheap".
Network Analytics Using an Open Source Python Package
Lessons learned doing remote pair programming in times of Covid-19
Is max MySQL transactions per second = max fsyncs per second?