skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
that's actually a terrible metric. During the height of the early industrial revolution the life expectancy in Liverpool fell to 25(!) years, despite higher caloric intake as people were basically put through a manual labour meatgrinder.

This is actually the glamorized superficial narrative that you're accusing the author of. More calories = progress, graphs go up = everyone happy.

For most of industrialisation life was actually extremely harsh, monotonous, life expectancy fell, communal ties were destroyed and that's the case in much of the developing world today. Yuval Noah Harari gives a good overview in Sapiens as well.

https://www.economist.com/free-exchange/2013/09/13/did-livin...
Yes, sleep apnea is associated with bruxism. I couldn’t tolerate cpap, sleeping on my tummy or side helps some.
You need to figure out _why_ you can't do medium problems. If you can solve easy ones, it means you have the fundamentals down, and probably just need more exposure.

250 sounds like a lot, but I'd also be curious how you do the problems, and why you're having issues.

Where are you getting stuck? Are you looking at the answers immediately? Or are you struggling through the problem, and only peeking at hints as much as is needed to make a breakthrough?

Do you think through and recognize the patterns (two pointer, greedy, dynamic, etc) that are needed to tackle the problem, or are you just jumping into code instantly?

What do you do when you get stuck? Do you confidently ask for help, knowing hints are part of the game?

How's your timing? Are you getting in a brute force solution and an optimized one?

Addressing these concerns will reveal where you need work, and then you can continue to get better without being too affected by your current state. Remember, no one was born knowing how to solve these problems, so you can always get better and reach your economic goals.

Small plug -- we created AlgoDaily (https://algodaily.com) to teach programming interview skills using a visual, patterns-based approach. The lessons on approaching the interview and how to prepare might be especially helpful.
> It wouldn't surprise me if public sentiment in the US in 1940 was that such terms were not constitutionally protected, ...

Hell, the debate over George Carlin's "seven dirty words" [0] didn't happen until three decades later (a real "gentleman" would never speak such atrocious words!). I can't even imagine how much was verboten in the '40s.

---

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_dirty_words
How many breaches does it take for the right policies to be put in place?
Previous thread:
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23659590
An example of real life software where this the difference has a noticeable impact.
Always been curious about the tax accounting for ransoms.

Does anyone know how it is reported usually? Going public must make it harder I guess?

How do you explain a bitcoin purchase from a business account without an invoice to the taxman otherwise?
Have you red it? My point by marshal USSR Georgy Zhukov on Moscow Victory Parade of 1945 [1]:

> By the combined efforts of the great powers of the USSR, USA, UK fascist Germany was defeated in the ashes

That victory was rebirth of USSR. Heroes returned home, no way to rule them as before. But wounds were not allowed to heal, 9 May become day of "we were attacked, still plenty of enemies around". Russians, Czechs, Slovaks, Ukrainians, Georgians, Moldovan (and many others) fought together. USSR attacked Czechoslovakia, Russia attacked Moldova, Georgia and Ukraine.

Somehow your counterexample is loss and contribution. I never said there was not.

> "turning the tide for the Russians^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H USSR"

By USSR census Russians 53%, Ukrainians 21%, even Slavs would be incorrect - 78%. Census 1937 [3] was not published because of the man-made famine [4] consequences. Official position - there was no such thing.

Hardly anyone knows about occupation of Poland [5], Baltic states [6] and War with Finland [7].

Could they have won war alone? No. Germans occupied a lot of industrial territories with Blitzkrieg, not enough time to restart factories [8]. Without support there would be no Moscow and Stalingrad. There would be guerilla war but that's not enough.

Back to topic. In Russia it is believed that after taking Berlin soldiers should have fought Allies. That's liberation war for you.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gzZoVm-joc&t=20m23s

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Census_(1926)

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Census_(1937)

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holodomor

[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupation_of_Poland_(1939%E2%...

[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Baltic_state...

[7] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_War

[8] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evacuation_in_the_Soviet_Union
Most of these things seem quite essential and aren't cash in the bank equivalents (pension is debatable)

https://images.app.goo.gl/HLGya1YkFJ5vv5oS8
Large compromises of sensitive data also have to consider the release of sensitive info, not just recovery. So even with backups there's an incentive to pay.
There is a big difference between "possible for a few months" and "possible indefinitely". A lot of what we did during the lockdowns was never going to be sustainable.

By the way, the "helicopter money" thing was proposed by Milton Friedman, a libertarian economist who was influenced by Hayek and who was highly critical of most forms of government intervention in the economy.
Highlights:

> the narrative framework is established by the relationships among all of the elements of the storyline. And, it turns out, conspiracy theories tend to form around certain elements that act as the adhesive holding the facts and characters together.

> ....visual representations of those story frameworks showed the researchers how false conspiracy theory narratives are held together by threads that connect multiple characters, places and things. But they found that if even one of those threads is cut, the other elements often can't form a coherent story without it.

> "One of the characteristics of a conspiracy theory narrative framework is that it is easily 'disconnected,'"

> In contrast, he said, the stories around actual conspiracies—because they're true—tend to stand up even if any given element of the story is removed from the framework.

> Narrative structures around conspiracy theories tend to build and become stable quickly, while narrative frameworks around actual conspiracies can take years to emerge
"This is an Antifa instance" stickied on the front page by an admin no less.
If I wanted a politicized cesspool reddit-clone I would just use Voat.
Fail to see the point.
I think you’re giving the current administration too much credit here.

There’s no reason to claim a grand conspiracy to knee-cap the initial testing response. The CDC and the FDA managed to fail out of pure incompetence and ineptitude all by themselves.
Ask HN: Best general-audience science books
I love Bryson’s “A Short History of Nearly Everything” but it’s now 17 years old.
It's ridiculous to equate poverty in the US with poverty in Africa. Nigeria GDP per capita is under $2500/yr.
Hey, which oxymeter do you use? Thank you.
Some companies (especially forward-thinking tech companies we care about on this forum) shifted to remote work quickly. Others fought tooth & nail. There are a lot of stories of companies abusing the rules about essential worker status to get office workers to come in. Government regulations have been an important part of the response to the virus. I think this is to be expected according to mainstream economics. The risk to the public is an externality and many companies will ignore it without government intervention. To the extent that the US response is failing, it’s largely due to insufficient government regulation (although some of it also includes dumb own-goals by our government that are orthogonal from a liberty-regulation axis).
I had it in April 2019 in San Francisco, and have medical history to confirm the symptoms and treatment that worked in my case: steroids plus antibiotics. (Steroids stop the autoimmune reaction, antibiotics help to fight off the bacterial infection which can happen because of steroids). Back then doctors said it was a viral bronchitis "because of some strange coronavirus" which rapidly turned into pneumonia. Three different doctors all were quite puzzled.

So I've been telling ppl for a while that it's been around for longer than is generally believed. I don't think we can say it was "exactly the same" virus, because it constantly mutates. It might have been that I got less virulent and severe version. I also did self-isolate myself on day one of the symptoms, as I do with any cold or flu, which probably reduced the spread from me.

Not saying my experience automatically validates the study, rather that I expect some trustworthy study to eventually confirm that genetically similar strains have been around for almost a year longer.

If anyone's curious about the details, comment below and I'll leave info on how to get in touch.
I agree, this seems to be the biggest take away. The company fired him exceedingly quickly. This is what "at-will" employment looks like.

Seems a lot of people getting angry at ghosts/ideas("cancel culture"/"mob mentality" - a mob against "mob mentality") or people doing technically legal things(taking a picture in public, calling a business to voice a complaint). Those ghosts/people didn't actually fire the guy, his company did.

It'll be impossible to stop trolls. You can't just say "knock it off guys", nor can you ban people from taking pictures or voicing an opinion. However, you could put some restrictions around firings, but many would view that as stifling business, so this is the outcome instead. What may or may not have been a knee-jerk firing, but that's the cost of "at-will" employment.

Also, there is a devils advocate point to be made in that corrupt police unions have created difficulties with removing bad cops from the field, so this can be a double-edged sword. Overall employer/union accountability needs to be higher when it comes to who they hire and who they fire.
I think that's too simplistic. If it were true you could just print your way out of any down turn with no consequences. Crazily enough there is a mainstream view in macroeconomics that you can do just that. I think people aren't stupid though. If suddenly there are more dollars, then a dollar should be worth less. Hence inflation.
For anyone else interested in the topic of radiological accidents, check out the reports published by the IAEA. https://www-pub.iaea.org/mtcd/publications/pdf/pub815_web.pd...

Curiously like in the series Chernobyl, the first person to take radiation measurements at the scene in Goiania thought his equipment was faulty, because it measured at the maximum of the scale.
It can be both. Government can decide (on behalf of the citizens) to shut down the economy, and yet let all the economic actors to deal with the consequences of that decision on their own.

So while I agree that free market plays a role, I interpret the line to say that there is also a central decision of the government that organizes all this.
I think the most elegant solution is to break the subordination of methods to classes by having structs (possibly with inheritance) and multimethods.
It usually need to be an expensive or embarrassing breach to bring change.
Interesting, I didn't know the Apple II's controller could write the combined data and clock bits. That's unfair :) I was also pointed to this Twitter thread where it is explained that they wrote Mr. Do weak bits with a hacked up Commodore 64 drive controlled by an Apple II!

https://twitter.com/JBrooksBSI/status/936476972611334147
That is utter speculation.
> With Mastadon (sic) if say I'm on another instance and the host of that instance blocks yours...

First: Mastodon, with an "O".

Second: I already had this discussion before. This "blocking" of instances is something that is going on only on Mastodon, AFAIK, because most of the current members are conflating the idea of federation with tribes. They want to be insular at this point. This will change as soon as there are more people using ActivityPub like email or Matrix and stop associating the instances with the identities/ideologies of its members.

So, no. You won't have to "setup your Mastodon" instance to get around this. You can do it, but you also can just find a more professional hosting provider that is not managed by a fourteen year old or tweenagers that love to spout their love for diversity and yet can only tolerate any conversation that is exactly aligned with their existing preconceptions of their uniform peer group.

> What if I live in China and they block access to the biggest instances so I'm cut off from all the big communities and can't participate?

What if you live in China and they block the decentralized service altogether? What if they use the decentralized nature of the service and set up honeypots to find dissidents? "Decentralized" != "Private" != "Secure"

> What if an instance crashes (...) the admins can't be bothered restoring it.

If it is important to you, then (a) you run your own service or (b) you pay someone that actually cares about this. With a decentralized service, the only alternative you have is (a). Then not only you have to make this choice, but also everyone that you would like to join the network.

My point all along is that federated systems are already enough for those that do not "want to be subject to the whims of other people", while decentralized systems shut out those that don't care about it or would rather trust/delegate these concerns to someone else.

"Decentralized systems" bring no benefit that can't be had by federated systems and remove all sorts of free options from the potential users. It is limiting instead of liberating.
afaik pretty much all games work like that on a deep level? And it's an industry standard for game engines to expose their interface in that way.

Anyway, it's in the README:

""24a2 can also run a function [...] when a dot is clicked on.""

So it would be pretty easy to make that.
It's a business expense like most others. In this case, it's considered theft, but you still can deduct it:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertwood/2017/05/16/if-you-pa...
In the early 1900s most American households spent 80% of their income on food, clothing, and housing -- and the food was by far the largest expense, more than housing.

The picture for American families today is much better.

https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/04/how-ame...
Facelake.

Uses 2 AAA batteries. Good for 3-4 nights.
If you think about which of the industries in that chart are partially or fully shut down, it seems pretty consistent with the 14% unemployment we got.
r/watchpeopledie if anything made you take safety very seriously. Much of the content was work-related and car-related accidents.
Soo:

class complex(real, imag);

function add(number a, complex b) {}

function add(complex a, complex b) {}
> user-friendly as opposed to performant, terse, high-assurance, etc.

Strange, I really don't see that as an axis worth recognizing with that, or any, terminology (but whenever I bring this up I get voted down, so I guess more people agree with you.)

I think the core of my disagreement is that, just because a language is user-friendly, that does not mean that it is not a "professional" or "high-assurance" language. I'm not saying that you are using it in this fashion, but I believe that with the terminological strategy you are suggesting, the term becomes a pejorative, wielded by those who use (C/C++/Rust/Java/Haskell/etc) as a subtle put-down to people who are using more user-friendly languages.

Related, I think it's a rather confusing axis that doesn't fit the space of programming languages well:

Go is user-friendly (I gather) and verbose, but performant and high-assurance.

Python is user-friendly and terse, but non-performant and low-assurance (I'm a python programmer, but the run-time bugs put it in that category if we're comparing to statically typed languages). A lot of website HTTP handlers are written in Python, so "scripting" language seems like a very poor description for what it's doing there.

IMO reasonable axes that are worth recognizing with terminology include interpreted vs compiled, statically vs dynamically typed, weakly vs strongly typed, but do not include {user-friendly} vs {performant, terse, high-assurance}.
An excellent point! Also, the layout of that bed with the pillow away from the wall is driving me quietly nuts.
in my experience, easy problems basically test how well u know the language u code in, they generally involve no knowledge of algorithms or ds. Medium problems generally involve being comfortable applying algo & ds fundamentals to solving problems. Generally, u can solve a medium problem pretty easily in a bad way but u can refine it to whatever degree your skill permits you, they key here is to understand things like space time complexity of your solution and seeing if you can refine it
Right, but the way it was phrased was that it was the CD that was being listened to. I was curious.
Not really a discussion for HN. I can't offer you any evidence. This was in the 80s in a somewhat backward region in a specific state in India ruled by "Panchayat" when I was a child far before the advent of the cellphone. There is no evidence apart from the memory of a lot of beatings. My sister getting assaulted. Folks going missing. And frightened shopkeepers.

Of-course things are far different today since someone or the other carries a cellphone and in modern India, law and order has far improved - thanks to more effective policing and prosecution. (Still have a long way to go)

You are a protected first world citizen. I suspect you will need to learn for yourself what living without the police means. I assure you there is no fantasy "dystopia" made up here. There are real consequences to not having an armed force enforcing the law.
Seeders – Your partner for international link building
OK, so according to that criterion, where would you classify

Python

Ruby

Javascript

?
TB has proven to be a great practice run for COVID. Southern African countries have not messed about with it. I still remember just how strict things became even with minor outbreaks. For something like a decade, Zimbabwe has required Foot and Mouth Disease control at borders - long after the risk has passed. I was temperature screened in an airport sometime in the early 2010s in South Africa for a domestic flight. My friends back there can't leave their home 95% of the time, they can't buy smokes, they can't buy beer. African countries are experts at this, and the comparison to America is depressing (including my own idiotic behavior).
The chans are the exception, and not the rule. Most normal human beings don't use any of the chans, but there are tens of tens of millions of subscribers to the online conservative spaces on Reddit and Facebook, and they're all ban happy.
Borsuk Ulam Theorem
I think Lucy Liu is a much better example of algorithmic bias.

Obama is the child of a white parent and a black parent, so will have characteristics of both parents; so the algorithm should have either outcome as a possibility. The default categorization of that mix by people depends on the culture categorizing the person.
Paying ransoms should be a criminal offense. That's the only way to remove the incentives for ransomware attacks. If that means some businesses fail or government agencies get temporarily shut down then that's acceptable collateral damage and will serve as an object lesson to others about the importance of IT security.
Hey there Seawolf! Which year were you there? Did you take CSE548?
volume of 4mg of flour vs the 10 proposed is not "a bit heavier" - it's quite a bit less flour. A single puff of a cigarette I believe deposits about 6-20mg (depending on study) of crap into your lungs. I'm guessing about 10-15 puffs per cig.

so, 10mg/puff * 10 puffs/cig * 20cigs = 2g per pack of cigs. so the comment is saying 4-5 packs of cigs worth of soot, over a Year. that's literally nothing.
Estonia would have immediately shared the information about the accident with the allies. Russia always (without exceptions) tries to hide it from the world

https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/08/12/security-brief-russia-w...
Ah yes. NetWalker seems like a particularly bad variant as it does at least claim to steal the data.
> I respect Patrick Collison, but this curriculum worries me. Our understanding of progress already de-emphasizes the nasty parts (eg slavery) by hyper-focusing on innovation. I think this curriculum, which seemingly leaves out critical analysis of labor practices, etc., will worsen our understanding of technological progress

I don’t see what you think connects these threads together.
Do as many interviews as you can and you'll start to see the same problems over and over. Treat it more like a fun coding game and think of it less as an interview if you're the type to psych yourself out. Identify what you're weakest at -- be it recursion, trees, systems design and focus on improving in specific areas. You could also create a plot of problem type and measure success/failure and then weight each category based on frequency in order to determine what to study. But it might also be better to take it day by day and not stress to much about the exact results too early on as you warm up.
Perhaps the difference is hourly pay vs. median income. The lowest tier of workers hasn't risen as much as the median income.
> If this virus ends up infecting 60% of the population, as it will if people carry on their pre-pandemic lives, we’ll end up with something on the order of 2–4 million deaths in the USA, and the aggregate healthcare costs over the next few decades will be an outrageously large burden.

On the economics front, USA just printed out $5 trillion of stimulus to fight the slowdown caused by lockdowns. I hear this is just a first step, stay tuned for more. I suspect the burden you mention would be smaller, but would love to hear an estimate.

On the spread: how do you plan to avoid it? Every state and every country has carriers. Assuming the proportion of those with no symptoms is high, as recent studies indicate, people will keep spreading it around. Are we going to force folks wear masks (which, by the way they take off completely if eating in a restaurant) for a year? Outlaw all in person schools and university classes? All contact sports? Honest question.
It provides strong evidence of matter that we cannot detect. Milgrom's reply is worth a read: https://web.archive.org/web/20160721044735/http://www.astro....
> it seems like your feelings are still pretty raw. I’m sorry you went through that.

It's a badge of honor to be slandered by the NYT, Business Insider and Vice magazine all on the same day.

> do you think there’s a difference between me asking a government to remove something from a web platform vs me asking the platform to remove something?

Corporations have zero accountability once they hit monopoly status.

Governments can change. For example, FOAI requests.
Python may get pattern matching syntax
Who is going to enforce this? The internet police? Most people's grandparents would probably be thrown in internet jail immediately.
I know the university I attended has learned nothing at all. State university in a wealthy US area with over 30,000 students. They still think security is forcing everyone to change passwords once every 6 months. No offer of 2fa of any sort for any service.

I stopped using my email address between transcript requests because the whole student/faculty directory is rampant with student employees of local businesses sending spam within the system.

A permanent link is a complete mystery of a concept to them as well. Every time sun shines on an article in public media for them the glory is sure to be short lived, because google's link will be broken in 6 months tops.