skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I don't know about C#/.NET but I assume you are comfortable with general programming concepts. There are several guides that can help you to quickly familiarize with Python syntax. [0] [1]

For Python eco-system related concepts like virtual environment, testing, and other modules, [2] is good.

I don't have any experience with AI/ML, [3] might help if you are looking for books.

[0] https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/

[1] https://github.com/jakevdp/WhirlwindTourOfPython

[2] https://calmcode.io/

[3] https://pythonbooks.org/topical-books/machine-learning-and-a...
That creates an interesting grey hat scenario where a normally good actor could execute a few ransoms and not unlock the machines. Eroding trust in the entire scheme could reduce the long-term effectiveness of the scheme
> Gearheads are just a slightly different flavor of hacker; once you find some you'll be able to talk to them fairly quickly and they're likely to enjoy sharing their passion.

Yeah, what sparked my desire to dig a bit deeper was that I really enjoyed spending time at garage with the mechanic. His approach to things often reminded me of what I do, except not so virtual.
Don’t entirely disagree, but also think it’s fair to say they almost certainly use the stolen data to find weaknesses in their next targets, so it’s not just a one to one thing. This doesn’t at all negate the main statement: good motivation to actually do proper backup and security.
I'll venture a guess that UCSF was nominally in compliance with some relevant bureaucratic regime (ISO 27001, SOC 2, etc), and that was good enough for a stodgy insurance company that's not very sophisticated about "cyber risk" (in case use of the term "cyber" isn't a giveaway...)
I'm surprised that paying the ransom is a thing.

This is a very selfish thing to do, as you encourage the authors of such attacks.
Build your own new neighborhoods on top of ubiquitous high speed global connectivity, and tune out the mega websites, or even the web parts of The Internet completely. That’s what I do.

Whenever I feel afraid I go ping some of my IPv6 addresses or measure the pond temperature remotely, or the current rainfall at school.

If you can’t shake yourself away from the web bits, GitHub with its sheer volume of creative expression (even as unpalatable as centralized monocultures may be) is something to love about this current moment in intarwebs history.
I believe this is the original source paper:
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ab960f
In many cases, Wikipedia actually lists the analogy for classical probability theory. For several theorems, the proof for Hilbert spaces can be directly brought to the classical world. The main difference to keep in mind is that we have amplitudes, not probabilities, and they can be negative or complex. We recover typical probability theory by taking norms/squares of amplitudes.

The uncertainty principle follows via doing signal analysis on Fourier-transformed wavefunctions. A fun professional treatment from Baez et al. is [0], and 3blue1brown has an excellent two-video visual explanation [1][2]. The uncertainty principle turns out to be a special case of the sampling theorem (yes, that one! [3]), which itself turns out to be a special case of a result in sheaf theory [4].

Measurements matter because "observables don't commute"; taking linear operators on the complex numbers or other Hilbert spaces can have lasting effects which can't easily be undone. Combine this with "conservation of probability", which is formally mostly abstract nonsense [5], and we get mostly to Aaronson's point of view. (I would go further using the Free Will Theorem. [6])

When Aaronson says that the no-cloning principle is provable using probability, but for complex numbers, he's referring to the standard proof [7]. There are two connections to draw to typical probability theory. The first, and bigger, connection is that random variables can't be cloned in typical probability theory either! The second, deeper, connection is that Hilbert spaces give linear logics, which imply conservation laws for the information representing the particles to be cloned.

Finally, for the Bell inequalities, again there is a standard proof on Wikipedia [9] using typical probability theory. I'd like to mention the overlooked Kochen-Specker theorem [8], which forms the backbone of the Free Will Theorem [6]. Measuring a particle is like taking a sample of a random variable: We decide how we want to ask the particle, and the particle chooses a response that is both allowed by its probability distribution and also correctly represents its context.

[0] http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/photon/schmoton.htm

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=spUNpyF58BY

[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MBnnXbOM5S4

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist%E2%80%93Shannon_sampli...

[4] https://arxiv.org/abs/1405.0324

[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_current

[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_will_theorem

[7] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No-cloning_theorem#Proof

[8] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kochen%E2%80%93Specker_theorem

[9] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell%27s_theorem
Police have been doing this for years with "science". Bite mark analysis, blood spatter analysis, lie detector tests, it's all total hooey. They don't care as long as the convictions keep rolling in.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_dentistry#Criticism_o...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloodstain_pattern_analysis#Cr...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygraph#Effectiveness

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_analysis#Microscopic_hair...

Even when the science is good, sloppy practitioners can lead to innocent people going to jail.

https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/04/20/524894955...

Facial recognition can and will be used by prosecutors to send innocent people to jail. Courts will use it as a tool without understanding how it works, based on the testimony of an expert witness that the prosecution will truck in. In my mind it's a certainty.
So it was all about the money, after all? I thought it was about principles. Funny how fast things change as soon as money comes into the equation.
Even so, while I disagree with banning happening on hn, it is usually prefaced with warnings about the rules of the site by the moderators. There's decent human beings at least trying to keep the peace here and steer discussions back on-topic.

That is NOT what's happening on Twitter. Rules are not evenly applied based on politics. #acab is just fine but the gentle ribbing of "learn to code" is suspension and ban-worthy.

All depends on which group's butt is being made to hurt.
Many times, understanding the cause of the problem reveals that the cause of the problem is inherent and cannot, or should not, be changed. Take, for instance, the problem of unwanted pregnancies. The cause is sex. This naturally leads to thinking that the solution can only be abstinence. This kind of thinking limits you to solutions which sometimes are of the type which can never work.

In this specific case, the problem of police behavior can partially be said to be caused by people behaving inappropriately towards police. Should therefore the solution be that people behave better towards police? How would you go about making that happen? This “solution” is impractical.

The solution to a problem is sometimes unrelated to its cause.
I went to art school in the 80s. My lecturer would rote teach:

Q: who is the best artist?

A: Picasso!

Q: Who is the best graphic designer?

A: Milton Glazier!

Many young art teachers have never heard of MG, yet worship designers who have clearly been influenced by him.
Information entropy, not statistical mechanical entropy [1], which is a sort of Occam's razor for models.

I would not describe the Ising model as simple, not even in the 2d case and especially not the general spin glass (where W_ij can be anything).

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_maximum_entropy
> which occurred approximately once every 3-4 months

ouch that hurts. You should be proud of that fix....I guess you kinda are :D
Yeah, not just ROI, even within Unilever, no more unicorn colored toothpaste for kids or Daniel Craig co-branded deodrant for getting laid quickly, since the movie has been postponed. Recession brings a lot of conservatism in the big corporations, and when the new products aren't being launched, not much to advertise!
Indian railways gave time to India
using H1B for 4 months stint is very strange. It is too valuable a visa slot (significantly oversubscribed lottery usually, at least in the recent years) to be wasted that way.
Usually it is done using something like B1 for such a short trips, especially if it is training, etc. I wonder whether the journalists and others did mistake one visa for another, especially given that they naturally wouldn't be privy to such internal details of a 3rd party company like the HCL in this case.
but they did get the benefit of cheaper IT workforce? What they did to their existing employees was certainly morally wrong but is outsourcing your IT support to cheaper third party seen as morally wrong too? Isn't that the idea of free captial market? Sure the state didn't get taxes from those employees but state owned university saved costs.
It's been done. There was one "ransomware" attack that just erased everything.
> since some kind of autoregressive time series forecasting system seems pretty unreliable.

A few months ago I tried to evaluate autoregressive behavior in stock returns. To my surprise it seemed strong on some periods, but then weak on others [1], and as you said not reliable enough to rely on.

My impression is that a lot more information aggregation and processing is required to obtain a sustainable edge worth tranding on than what a single developer can achieve in his/her spare time.

Top investment shops have dedicated teams of sw engineers just to deal with the infrastructure that support their data pipelines, financial model backtesting and deployment.

[1] https://thomasvilhena.com/2020/01/likelihood-of-autoregressi...
If kidnap & ransom insurance is any precedent: the policy has a limit, the insurance company's business is negotiation, and the whole thing is shrouded in secrecy to keep attackers from knowing who is insured & for how much. Even attackers who get paid have an incentive not to piss off the insurer.
While what they did was may not be right, is there any direct link about this to work done by HCL? Have all of such previous attacks been linked to work done by H1Bs?
Oh I wasn't trying to make a relative comparison, just pointing out that there are a lot of people here who repeatedly choose HN over 4chan.
Because HCL employed them, not UCSF.

A large percentage of H1Bs go to "bodyshops", which import workers from abroad to temporarily work at companies that are offshoring their employees. Yes, it's perverse; they are in effect being used to replace American workers, but not explicitly.
There's zero need to have any validations[0] on the client in a turn-based online multiplayer game. If your state and logic aren't pretty much entirely on the server for that, you're doing it wrong.

[0] Of course, for smoothness/convenience one could do some basic checks on the client.
Saved me the search. Thanks. But George Lois also good
> Is this a "Rust-ism"?

It doesn’t ring a bell to me as someone who’s spent a lot of time in the Rust community, so I’d say it’s probably just a difference in personal jargon rather than a Rust versus C thing.

(Rust usually uses “reference” instead of “pointer” anyway.)
Spuds with everything
The article is inconsistent about the severity, which lowers its trustworthiness. It states that everything is under control, a top super leading security guru expert is on top of it, no important data was stolen or exposed, everything will be fine soon. And... oh yeah, BTW, we'll be paying an astronomic sum of money to the criminals to get our data back.
The CISO’s top 5 “security tips” PR piece didn’t mention off-system backups. Policy voided.
Only if you register for Canonical Livepatch Service. Standard Ubuntu still requires reboot.
Nice!

I'm using a very similar architecture for https://boardgamelab.app/.

The WebAssembly performance boost will make a difference once I've implemented MCTS bots for the platform.
I looked a little more and found this subsequent article talking about it:

https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-hiltzik-uc-vi...
Does anyone know if there are videos of the robots in action? The GIFs are choppy and don't show enough
Police brutality is a bug, at least most of the time. The best de-facto rulers are quite aware that it's enough to speak softly and carry a big stick. If you're brutal to others for no real reason, this will be seen as a reason to deter you from exerting that brutality. It's a good thing that we have robust institutions that allow people to do that peacefully.
Heard of pizza delivery? Similar business.
I didn't say it's the same thing. I said that they intersect a lot (in terms of people involved in both), and thus postmodernist rejection of positivism is widespread in those fields, which directly leads to bad science.

And yeah, it's not a charitable representation of postmodernism. That's because I don't have anything charitable to say about it - it's epistemological cancer, simple as that.
Rest Assured and OkHttp API test examples
You should take a beat and search the keywords, "trading capacity constraint."

That will lead you to the reasons why it is very possible to both beat the market and be incapable of scaling it up to billions of dollars.

tl;dr: Someone who has found a way to reliably arbitrage to 25% gains year over year on an inefficiency that will only fill about $100,000 is not going to be able to cash their system in for billions of dollars. But they will be reliably beating the market (on a risk-adjusted basis: assuming the system has risk equal to or less than holding e.g. the S&P).

You will find that firms which can actually reliably beat the market do tend to make their founders wealthy. But they can't scale it beyond the capacity allowed for by the inefficiency. All successful hedge funds and prop shops eventually reach a point where they can't reinvest the returns for the same gain.
Most of our money doesn’t go to police. A search online reveals that in 2019 the US spent $300 billion on protection and security, which is police, fire department, and other related services. We spent $1.2 trillion on education.
It's tiring to keep hearing these stories and tieing them to H1B. Satya Nadella also started on an H1B, Sundar Pichai did too and so did Andrew Ng. Just those 3 combined have created more jobs than were lost here. So please, stop spreading partial info that creates hate against a whole swathe of people who have come here legally, have contributed extremely productively to this nation in the form of taxes and labor, and would like to be treated with atleast the same level of dignity as any European low skilled person who just got off a boat at Ellis Island.
Nitpick: macOS has used dyld shared caches for over a decade. The recent change is just to remove the original copies of the libraries on disk.
Most consumer plastic ends up in a landfill and typically don't leech microplastics in to the watertable.

Fishing nets on the other hand? Top polluter in the ocean
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/03/great-pacifi...
My understanding is that H1-B's for some educational institutions (and certain affiliated non-profits) are cap exempt.
https://youtu.be/YPoAjRxyBQQ
It's a university, university IT is often ultra political and those who win the various battles make the rules, regardless of competence... and often without IT's sign off.

Some universities generally have done better about such things and are making progress... but generally there is a push and pull for IT dollars by unversity departments who want to spend that money as they wish for their given programs and then that money comes FROM IT ... who down the road are then tasked with the costs related to maintaining it and the terrible decisions a department made in the meantime... or in the worst of cases tasked with securing that data and / or making it work at all.

It's the same story for IT in the private sector to some extent, but it is way worse at many universities. Imagine if your HR director got to pick the PCs to support, networking equipment, software, backup methods (if any) all on their own and wanted zero input. That's kinda how it is at many universities.

I spent months helping a large university dig out from a program where they hooked up some super special microscopes worth millions of dollars ... to low grade network switches and storage. I got to try to explain why you can't put 10,000 pounds of data into a borderline consumer grade network ... in all of a couple milliseconds.
... "lock" data in place rather than sell it to the highest bidder.

Why not both? And once the rightful owner of the data has paid a fat ransom, surely that's got to provide some kind of proof of its market value. The University did say that

The attackers obtained some data as proof of their action

so unless they're logging their outbound traffic, who's to say they didn't exfiltrate all of it? It's the kind of thing that the University would remain tight-lipped about unless they were either sure that it hadn't happened (doubtful, seeing as they aren't running a tight ship) or had some kind of mandatory reporting obligation for the data.
> I think (but can be wrong) that by using such a dynamic environment like JS is the culprit for lack of good error checking mechanism.

Not at all. It's perfectly possible to implement solid error handling. There's even a global handler: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/GlobalEvent....

For legacy scenarios (IE11) you can add an event handler for the error event, so you end up with something like the following to deal with both situations:

window.onerror = yourErrorHandlerFunction;
window.addEventListener('error', yourErrorEventHandlerFunction);

The shape of the objects passed in differs slightly, hence the need for two different handlers. In my case one simply repackages the object and hands it off to the other.
Where is this wonderful place, and when can I move there?
Sure, but this story was specifically about England.
What's the name supposed to mean?
Live code music in GLSL shaders (Chrome & FF only)
Let’s say it was a mix of HN alerting (hnwatcher), good timing (Friday evening) and luck :) very happy to have seen this in time. Have a nice WE as well!
> I would like to know if one of the possible states you mention might be "more dense than a neutron star but not dense enough to collapse into a black hole"? I.e. some kind of quark-gluon plasma or other exotic state?

I'm not aware of any such state that is known, and ajross commented upthread (a sibling to my original comment) that he thinks a quark-gluon plasma state has been ruled out by QCD work. I have seen some papers about the "dark energy stars" he mentions in the same comment, but I don't know of any proposed observational test for such objects and they seem highly speculative to me.

Note, btw, that there isn't an awful lot of room for objects more dense than a neutron star but which can remain stable against collapse to a black hole. There is a theorem called Buchdahl's Theorem that says that any stable object that doesn't collapse to a black hole must have a radius at least 9/8 of the Schwarzschild radius corresponding to its mass. The denser neutron stars are already fairly close to this limit.
Check your settings. If the bars are that big it is probably florescent lightbulbs running on 50Hz or 60Hz AC power. Most phone camera software quietly filters out the bars at this size/frequency. Another notable source is the 60-120Hz refresh rate of a computer screen.
but it only supports certain languages

Probably because hyphenation is itself a rabbit-hole of complexity; some languages may require a complete dictionary to determine where words can be hyphenated, and sometimes it could depend on what style guide you follow, etc.
Vim for Developers – Let's Talk
I would add JPEG-XL in addition if you're looking for suggestions for other codecs to compare to. It's very competitive with AV1 and beats it, in my opinion, at higher bitrates.

Admittedly, you're not likely to learn much from this that is useful for your research, but most of the interest from people clicking on this is probably wanting to see the latest developments in image compression.
If explanation, reasoning and thought processes are required then make them part of the job description. A detective who can't explain his action is unfit for the job. A software which can't explain it's recomendations is unfit for the job.

Btw, explanations given to judges have nothing to do with what really happend. A detective can tell a lie and the software will pick the explanation which is most likely to be acepted by the judges.

>and often the algorithms behind it are secret

and the algorithms used in brains are open source?
Sure thing, we’re experimenting with some Load-Balancing heuristics and instrumentations, and it looks it got rate-limited by the engine who got surprised all traffic was coming from a single IP /o\
Perhaps, but school resource officers have a poor track record of addressing school shootings.
By your logic, a government official saying "you can not kill your neighbor" is inciting violence because there is an implicit threat of the use of force if you do not comply. A government official ever referencing the enforcement of any law would be inciting violence.

Your interpretation of the phrase "inciting violence" is not remotely useful or common. Humans are not machines and language is not the same as computer code. There is social context implicit in the interpretation of the words we use.
Why is the U.S. turning away immigrants while employers need workers?
Palm – The best small phone for minimalists, athletes, and kids
PredPol is headquartered there: "PredPol Inc, the Santa Cruz-headquartered firm that pioneered the technology, said that it supported the city resolution’s requirement that predictive policing “will not perpetuate bias”, among other criteria."
This is close to what happens in New Zealand. We built a fibre network (FTTH) funded by the state starting in 2011. The project was put up for tender on a area-by-area basis, but with a small mountain of regulations attached.

Basically, the companies which received the contracts were required to not act as ISPs, instead to wholesale access to their fibre network to any ISP interested. Maximum rates and minimum level of service are set by the Commerce Commission (the govt), though the fibre holders are free to reduce prices or improve services, which they are (we now can get gigabit internet nationwide for less than 100NZD - an excellent price considering there's no competition for the last mile itself).

This is true for our old copper network too. It was built by Telecom, the old govt monopoly, in the 20th century. In 2009(?) the copper network was spun off into its own company, Chorus, and Chorus was bound by the same wholesale and non-ISP regulations.

As a result of these enlightened regulations, NZ now has a super-competitive ISP market. ISPs are super cheap to set up - you basically just need to provide the core network and lease the last mile and backbone.

I'd advise anyone campaigning for better ISP regulations in any other country to look at the NZ example. The free market may work better for extremely high density cities, but these regs are great for any markets where there is only demand for one last-mile network.
I think because of the riots and burning of cars and stealing from shops while breaking the windows and the killing of a few people during the riots (I know of at least one). This must be the reason.
Yeah. I have thought about getting a Dell XPS running Linux for years, but I just can’t ever pull the trigger. I don’t even have great reasons other than I have been a satisfied Mac user for 15 years.