skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Also Jesus was born in a poor family, which would have made him a lower caste hindu if he was born in India

This is not really true. If I recall correctly, Jesus was born in the Davidic line as per the bible, which was important for his claim as the messiah. His high "caste" did matter to his followers. Caste is determined by your pedigree, and not by how rich you are.

It's true that caste-based discrimination is a curse that India must do away with. Perhaps it'd be more helpful to let different communities adhere to whatever traditions are important to them without attaching the concept of highness or lowness associated with it.
The first sentence of the link I posted accounts for opportunity cost: “An optimal decision is a decision that leads to at least as good a known or expected outcome as all other available decision options.”

And there is much, much more than opportunity cost that makes decision theory difficult. However, the basic definition of expected value (e.g. both risk and reward)—and decision making on the basis of it (e.g. cost-benefit analysis)—is so universally useful that I believe every living creature relies on this concept in some way or another (even if things are decided for them via evolutionary fitness—which we probably shouldn’t let happen to us as a civilization).

As for your question, I reject the premise that there exists a binary choice between “focus all the effort on...reducing CO2 right now” vs. having “enough money and tech to mitigate the downsides” (an idea I’d also reject as frankly absurd—how will money and tech address a 50% species extinction rate?). Speaking of which, there are many classes of things that defy the concept of market value or utility—like the existence of species—which is where this framework can fall down. We can’t recognize their value as infinite without reaching absurdities (like I dunno, destroying everything else in the universe to preserve toucans or something). But preserving the future inhabitability of the planet for humans and other living beings is clearly of such high aggregate value that it is rational to devote significant effort towards mitigation (beginning with the actions that have the highest benefit/cost ratio).

By the way, I highly recommend the book “Beyond Growth” by Herman Daly as an introduction to ecological economics and the failure of GDP as a measure of progress.
Here is a paper to back up your claims, where they apparently found traces of COVID-19 in Spain in March 2019. The paper is yet to be peer reviewed though:

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.13.20129627v...
$70M is a fraction of what it has taken to get Remdesivir to the point where it is today. The argument that government is paying twice for drugs is usually deeply misleading, though in this case it did sponsor some trials. Usually government funds pay for understanding biology and pharma pays for figuring out how to drug those findings. It’s a symbiotic process, and depends on drug discovery being a lucrative business.

All this said, Pharma has abused its position and pricing power. Remdesivir is an ok but not amazing drug, and pricing it this high is bad policy. Part of what they are doing is protecting their flank. Pricing it too low would cause people to say, “see! You CAN price drugs low, let’s make you price other things lower.” This is immoral reasoning but it’s part of the logic.

Drug pricing is super complicated, it’s worth understanding more deeply. Remdesivir is a weird case, and should be viewed in a larger context. See this post as a great place to start with further links within:

https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2019/12/11/ar...

(Conflict declaration: I founded a biotech)
what I get from the tweets is that Yann offers a more or less technical explanation for a specific issue. then he gets screamed at with straw-man arguments and personal attacks by people who seem desperate for recognition in an emerging field (ethics of AI) (e.g. spamming about some single paper that they brought to "Yann's house", meaning an ML conference, as if it's the new Bible).

tbh Yann should've known what he gets into. everyone that knows anything about AI would already know the explanation. writing it on twitter would just attract an angry mob of pseudo-scientists.
I've heard this argument alot. To people saying caste isn't that big of an issue in contemporary india, esp in the urban areas: let's ask an Indian parent if they'd be comfortable having their child marry someone they think is of a "lower caste" than theirs. THIS is the best litmus test, quick, cheap and easy way to clear all doubts on the contemporary caste question.

The things is inter-caste marriage is the best way for caste to be eliminated, and since that is hardly happening, doubt it'll go away anytime soon. Hell, Indians on matrimonials openly advertise theirs and ask for partners of specific caste.

https://www.scroll.in/article/897802/how-same-caste-marriage...
I always wonder why most projects don't have an onboarding process where you get in touch with the maintainers and discuss the roadmap and how to help even if you personally don't have a specific issue you want to work on. For me I submit pull requests to open source projects when I personally need them and then leave once the work is complete. That's basically the opposite of what it takes to retain maintainers. Maintainers usually write code for the sake of others and not for themselves and they stay for much longer periods of time.
Do you have any references about agreements or requirements?
Surely this comment reaches a little too far? We have to be brave enough to try new things even if they have some risk of unknown/unintended consequences.

No decision is completely safe and no system gets everything right in the first pass.

All we can ask for is a serious effort to understand risks sufficiently well to reasonably believe that the system is safe.
> the Jains, mentioned earlier, even exclude root vegetables that would kill the plant

Really? So no haldi?
It's a very well designed language. Authors call this 'orthogonal design'; features like iterators, meta-tables and coroutines are independent and you mix and match those to produce architecture you need. It takes some hard work to design things orthogonally, to identify and isolate usable abstractions, and then put them together in a way that has no rough edges. It seems Lua has pulled it off quite well, with very little accidental complexity.

I'm amazed the language hasn't caught on more. It's perfect for education, as it is simple to learn basics and algorithm design. It's already used in some of most popular games (Roblox, Minecraft mods, WoW...) so there's established playground for children creations. Code flows like English language (which is bad for advanced users but perfect for kids). I'd say it's more suited for education than Python because it is simpler and more transparent.

The things missing are tooling and documentation. There's only single popular IDE. The Programming in Lua book is awesome read (I'd recommend it even to non-Lua developers), but it's not a good language reference. The reference itself is quite useful but sparse on examples. I wish there was clojuredocs.org for Lua, community-sourced examples are amazing idea.
Here's what our government says about it: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK50972/
How could you determine the color of the light passing though that area of the screen?
There are a number of vim plugins (like YouCompleteMe [https://ycm-core.github.io/YouCompleteMe/]) that can turn Vim into an IDE. If that isn't enough, you could try Emacs (yes, I know) with an evil-mode based distribution like DOOM Emacs [https://github.com/hlissner/doom-emacs].
> People simply need a way to be looked at as equals under God.

Christianity doesn't seem like a great choice then since it teaches God will burn all non-Christians eternally in Hell.
Yeah, you're right. HN should allow participation only from people with at least 2 years of education in a Computer Science program.
Well in places like NYC the laws are strict regarding rental housing. Landlords need to establish consistent requirements then accept the first applicant that fits them. Typically they require the income to rent ratio is greater than three or something like that, which undoubtedly has a disparate effect when it comes to people of different races given how high the rents are and how incomes differ. Are you calling this incidental racism?
When you need a whole letter to explain the new price, you know it's going to be loaded with crap and the price will be excessive. This one doesn't disappoint.
People still care for and peddle this nonsense?
The excess deaths have just been shifted earlier in the year, as a large part of the people that die from Coronoa would have died within a year anyway. Probably towards the end of the year the excess deaths will dip below the average.
'NBA Jam’ video game designer rigged Bulls to lose close games to Pistons
>group theory

Or Abstract Algebra as whole including ring and field theory.
My experience in IT in the UK is:

VC backed companies will sell you private health insurance as a perk. It is rarely useful. I suspect it is a way of funnelling money at low rates of tax to the VC's other holdings in at least one case, but have no proof. It certainly funds the privatisation agenda at low cost to the investor, though.

Seniority is signified through leadership or contracting. The latter you can get private insurance as a perk through your own company, but again, it is useless.

Most permanent non-lead roles I've had that have been more conventional haven't had it, though.
Such a thing is a proxy character trade and probably told him enough. I'm in bioinformatics, if an applicant tells me they studied biology but have always run a Linux server at home, I can also stop the interview: hired.
Yes, but they are only specified for ~200 full writes. Hard to economize on backups.
Ways to Empower Your Developers
> Why?

To be sure that the editor isn't in insert mode. Using another slot of short-term memory to keep an editor's mode seems wasteful.
Another neat thing:

You select some text, either via keyboard or mouse. You realise you’ve missed a bit at the start of your selection.

In vim without having to start over you press o and it moves your cursor the other end of the selection and you can now extend it.

Deselect accidentally and want the selection again? Press gv.

I’m sure these little features are available in other editors but not always or not always by default.
Good comment!

I agree with you.
The project I am currently maintaining, has a complex and monstrously sized front-end production build even with code splitting and advanced compilation activated.

We should embrace server-side rendering more and keep the front-end code simpler and more lightweight.
#DefundThePLA
> It is a common sentiment there that the only good Democrat is a dead one.

Yeah really? Go retrieve 2 examples for me, please, because I can't find any and I think you're completely full of shit.
No one made youtube-dl GUI wrapper app, is it really?
As a Brahmin (the highest of the caste system) I think the whole caste system is stupid.

This is one of those things that my parents tried to enforce on to me, but it didn't work, and if/when I have children they will be taught to consider themselves not Brahmin (because my wife isn't even Indian).

Thankfully I grew up with the Western world schooling system where equality is continually preached. When I was old enough to think for myself, I realized I cannot be better than anyone else just because of birth. In the context of BLM, sometimes it is hard to see that our continual strive towards equality is indeed somewhat working. (It just has a very long long way to go.)
> US laws typically don’t have a blanket ban on “discrimination” in general

Discrimination happens any time a choice is made. When we hire one person because we think they'll do a better job or avoid someone because they lack skills we need, we're not hiring indiscriminately -- i.e. we discriminate. Sometimes the criteria make sense and other times they don't.
This isn't just paying for the R&D on remdesivir itself. It's paying for all of the other antivirals which were developed and then failed clinical trials, and all the other antivirals that turned out to be largely useless because (like SARS, MERS, and Ebola) there was never a large-scale outbreak. If you require remdesivir to be sold at cost, then any company developing antivirals will reason out:

Scenario A: There's a huge pandemic and massive demand, but the drug can only be sold at cost, so we break even.

Scenario B: The drug fails clinical trials. We lose a bunch of money.

Scenario C: The drug works, but no pandemic ever happens. We lose a bunch of money.

.... and then no one will develop antivirals, because on average, you can only come out behind.

As to why the government can't do everything itself, I'll quote Paul Graham on venture investing, which (like drug development) is a highly technical, winner-take-all business where most projects fail:

"Why not just have the government, or some large almost-government organization like Fannie Mae, do the venture investing instead of private funds?

I'll tell you why that wouldn't work. Because then you're asking government or almost-government employees to do the one thing they are least able to do: take risks.

As anyone who has worked for the government knows, the important thing is not to make the right choices, but to make choices that can be justified later if they fail. If there is a safe option, that's the one a bureaucrat will choose. But that is exactly the wrong way to do venture investing. The nature of the business means that you want to make terribly risky choices, if the upside looks good enough."
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You may want to look into open educational resources (oer), as well as the obvious like khan academy.

The enemy of improving experiences, if there is one are the textbook companies committed to keeping education in the physical past to maintain their billion dollar industry at the cost of better immersive learning experiences.

Ultimately, new ways are emerging and you can be part of the improvement by creating and contributing OER.

I have a background in creating and delivering K-12, post-secondary and industry regulatory training, and would be happy to chat more offline.
A number of people won't do anything to "promote" casteism in public. They do behave in that fashion though.
I don’t understand how people dare to run executables downloaded from app stores..
Indians were descendants of middle class and entrepreneurial Kenyans,Ugandans expelled from those countries partly because they dominated them economically. They brought money and expertise with them.
The Pakistanis were poor and uneducated by comparison.
You're subsidising paying other Americans extremely high salaries. You're also subsidising share holders and C-level people's luxury lifestyle. The same drug wouldn't cost $2b to create in any other country. It's not Europe's fault you treat basic healthcare like any other business to make money from.
Yes.

You get the same ads as when the show is airing live and if it’s a local market slot you get a dark screen with text saying it’s taking a commercial break.

When watching shows you recorded as a DVR you can skip them by fast forwarding.

When watching shows YouTube tv has offered that you didn’t record you get preroll and in-line ads that are usually unskippable just like Hulu.
Strings started at 1 because 0th byte was holding the string length.
Maybe your experiences are different but from my friends and personal experiences it happens all the time. Two brahmin friend of mine who were looking to rent in a posh locality in Bangalore had to provide their contacts in the village to make it clear to the landlords that they were genuine brahmins from the right caste. Incidentally, both were PhDs from US institutes so that did not prevent the checks. Remember, Bangalore is a reasonably progressive city. Caste checks are routine and frequent in smaller towns and villages.
Rephrase it as "very high probability of human-induced climate change" and the probability stays the same, but the impact of taking action changes completely.

If the change is human induced and on a very short timeframe (ie since the industrial revolution), then action on a similar scale should be possible to mitigate the impact.
Government Report Says Boeing Fell Short in Disclosing Key Changes to 737 Max
When comparing healthcare costs between USA and Europe, everybody speak about the public systems vs. USA, but I would like to see the cost per person of the private plans in Europe against the cost per person in the USA.

For what I read about USA, in HN and in other places, I suspect Americans would be surprised too. Those private plans have a very hard competitor in the public system, so, somehow, at least in my area, they manage to be pretty affordable.
I agree. Bad UI is not a barrier. After spending 3 weeks with FreeCAD I got used to all the weirdness. The hardest problem was finding good teaching resources and actually going over them. All you really need is a clear path for people who want to become kernel maintainers. If you rely on random luck it's obviously going to be difficult and nowadays there are more closed platforms than ever so less people even get to throw their dice.
Another guide, that doesn't even require yubico's PKCS11 module: https://ruimarinho.gitbooks.io/yubikey-handbook/content/ssh/...
I have heard that even Muslims have a caste but it is only within India!
/r/Politics is centrism? Wow. If that's centrism, that I'll continue working to ensure a #Trump2020Landslide! These arrows will move even further to the right:

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Presiden...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_United_States_presidentia...
Why would you use vim keyboard only since vim supports using a mouse in the terminal?

It even supports using a mouse over ssh.

I don’t know SyncTex so can’t comment on that.
> the DSL is just opaque to me.

May I suggest "gron"? As compared to jq it is simpler (good!) has less features (good!) has no DSL (good!) and it is less powerful (good!, in many cases). It is a tool that "expands" json into standalone lines, and you can further process them using the standard tools grep, sed, cut, sort, awk...

EDIT: for example, if you have this json:

{
"outdir" : "out3",
"data" : [
{"img" : "img_01.jpg"},
{"img" : "img_02.jpg"}
],
"roi" : {
"x" : 150,
"y" : 150,
"w" : 700,
"h" : 700
},
"margin_h": 20,
"margin_v": 5,
"tile_size" : 300,
"resolution": 0.5
}

running it through gron produces this

outdir = "out3"
data[0].img = "img_01.jpg"
data[1].img = "img_02.jpg"
roi.x = 150
roi.y = 150
roi.w = 700
roi.h = 700
margin_h = 20
margin_v = 5
tile_size = 300
resolution = 0.5

that some people find really convenient to deal with.
The only place I've ever had private healthcare in the UK was from an American company (BlackRock).
If an individual retains their personal wealth and lifestyle, but is unable to speak publicly - at least on one major platform, perhaps on many or all - then I don’t think it’s a justification of mob culture to say “well, he has a shiny car.” It doesn’t make the mob any less hurtful or hateful, and it doesn’t somehow redress the harm that’s being done to debate and free speech, which in the long run will probably have very damaging consequences not so much for him as for the mob.
Sorry this was confusing bit. As sbmthakur said - in a Brahmin family, when Brahmin lady is cooking stuff - other people in her family who are also Brahmin and blood relatives are not allowed to go near her, touch her, or in short "contaminate" her Kitchen, food etc.
I collected a few links here (mostly German):

How institutions achieve independence from the individual
https://github.com/void4/notes/issues/55
> Caste is another term for race. Both terms are not terms that designate bioligical properties...

Caste is based on profession.
Because it’s not emacs
The problem is not the mechanism of capital distribution, it's the incentives.

Effectively, government (through taxation and public works) is the mechanism of capital (re-)distribution that is not (or should not be) profit driven.
What makes you say it's not particularly suited for SSH?
i dont give a fuck
> let's ask an Indian parent if they'd be comfortable having their child marry someone they think is of a "lower caste" than theirs

I have found that one of the quickest ways to be sure that the answer you get for that question matches what you’d like is to open them up to the possibility you might not get married at all. If my parents ever cared about that, they sure don’t now, and they’re nowhere near desperate ;)
They have some good stuff on YouTube as well.
Emacs is more complex, and Emacs users do more in Emacs than just edit text. (think org-mode, debugger frontends, mail readers, etc.)
You're imagining some reality and it's very strange. Take a look here and you won't see any of the delusional things you're describing:

https://thedonald.win/
Thanks describing the details and congrats on a really cool project!
As in most of the world, except perhaps America, rich/poor != high/low social class.
Oh, would you mind sharing your list please?
The news we want to hear. Thanks.
I’ll second this - I was born in India and moved to US at young age. Never had caste come up ever with my family or relatives, but the only time I had to think about it was when someone asked me about it (out of curiosity, not in any other way).

Lately, I picked up one of the introductory courses from Audible - “Great World Religions: Hinduism from The Great Courses”. It was well put together - a whole chapter dedicated to caste system in India. Particularly talks about restriction of mobility and exceptions when it can happen. Highly recommend it for anyone who wants to learn more about the good, the bad and the ugly of Hinduism.

Apparently, I was born in the artisanal caste of India, specifically Blacksmiths: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panchal
Same. I am still surprised when someone says this was totally unpredictable. That book gave me a great overview of what could happen. For example I had a discussion with some friends about facemasks, they claimed that they were not useful, like governments were saying. In the book I remember that almost every researcher regrets not buying more, they are useful.

At least it gave me the ability to take more informed decisions.