skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Maybe what we need is a granular permissions model for all executables, including those in the terminal. Instead of the binary choice between "this code is allowed to rewrite my operating system if it wants to" and "this code can 'only' read and write all of my user files", what if we had to explicitly give binaries access to specific directories? Network access? The desktop environment? Drawing to the screen anywhere outside of their designated windows?

IMO this is the real innovation of iOS: not simply locking everything down, but locking everything down by default and putting the user in control of where to release those valves. Catalina introduced a fairly ham-fisted version of this that doesn't work super well in practice, but I think they've got the right idea.

Improvement ideas for the Catalina model:

- A terminal interface. Right now if you run a program that tries to access Documents you get a pop-up. If you ran it from the terminal, why not get a terminal prompt, a la sudo?

- A central place to manage all of the permissions you've allowed and disallowed (this may already exist and I just don't know about it)

- No special status for folders like "Documents" and "Downloads"; a generalized way of specifying any arbitrary directory (recursive and non-recursive, maybe with patterns). For regular users there can be a simplified UI overlaid on top, while power-users could manage these directly.

- Separate read and write permissions for files and directories

Imagine if you ran all those NPM install scripts and they only had write permissions to their subdirectory of node_modules, only had read permissions to your path, and would dynamically prompt you if they had a reason to request something beyond that

EDIT: What if you could also designate certain programs as trusted "authorities" that can then automatically delegate these permissions to other programs? Running with the example, you could allow NPM to dole out narrow permissions to postinstall scripts as needed, coming back up to prompt you in unusual cases. This would hugely improve the user-experience issue and these "authorities" wouldn't really have any more power than they already do today.
A friends was rear ended by a police cruiser while stopped at a red light. Ten police cars showed up. They did everything in their power to find anything wrong. They photographed everything in the car. They intimidated her into saying something was her fault.

She never got the money to repair her car because they don't carry insurance the same way normal people do. She ended up buying a new car. She was lucky to not be put in jail.

It's hard to imagine there are any good cops out there with all this rot.
Lysenko was an idiot who linked his failed theories to the failed communist system via Stalin and indirectly killed millions of Russians - it led directly to the downfall of the USSR via starvation.
Many genomes have the ability to express silenced genes in adverse situations - mostly these are bacterial genomes, but all the higher genomes have this adaptibility that sometimes manifests. It is referred to as epigenetic alteration - more here:- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics
The problem with police in the USA is the lack of accountability (unless millions of people mobilize/protest).
I don't think that (most) Linux users see "free" as the main reason for using Linux.

Personally if Linux had a price tag, and Windows were free I would still be a Linux user.
I don’t think that part of their comment was referring to the App Store, but rather to the way that apps on iOS are sandboxed preventing them from accessing system wide settings and files outside of their sandbox. That’s the way I read that part of their comment anyway.
Or they end up like my parents, who had the screen hinge break off on a $400 HP laptop just from daily opening and closing after only a year and a half.

Or you end up like my dad who nearly couldn't open a Bid Document because Windows randomly decided to deregister Word's file extensions and spit out an "Unspecified Error" whenever he tried to open a file.

The point is, you are very eager to ignore the flaws of the other side.
A neat trick I found while working with GPT-2 is that byte-pair encoding is, in itself a compression method. With Huggingface Transformers, encoding/decoding this way is very fast.

I've implemented this approach in my aitextgen package (https://github.com/minimaxir/aitextgen/blob/master/aitextgen...) to encode massive input datasets as a uint16 Numpy array; when gzipped on disk, it's about 1/10th of the original data set size.

However, the technique in this submission gets about compression to 1/10 w/o the gzipping. Hmm.
I hope this gains traction.
Everyone is so busy in their survival journey, no one wants to take that big step. Google provides a comfort zone that we don't wanna leave.
I created this in bubble.io, and it's my first product built in no-code. Let me know what you think, and I'm happy to answer any questions.
Always Eat After 7PM Review, Legit or a Scam?
> Without another lockdown it's almost assured at this point that we will reach the breaking point of our healthcare system. It's inevitable unless a miracle vaccine arrives very soon.

What sources of information lead you to this conclusion?
Definitely, it's also why seeing "data-driven policing" makes my spider sense go off, since the "data" in this case has been tainted by decades of racist policing and policy.
Apple never got sued for slowing down the iPad.
It's pretty much the main point of the story.
But the point is about whether you are afraid to go outside or not, and if so, is it because of criminals or police. Before you leave, you don't know how many criminals or police you are going to encounter.

Even if tigers are really scary when you meet one, I am not afraid to go outside because I might get eaten by a tiger.

I guess we could do a lot of subgroup analysis here and try to figure out based on day of the week and the route you are taking how much of your fear should be allotted to police versus allotted to criminals. But you start with the big, easy-to-find numbers and do a basic sanity check. I don't think being carefree about criminals and afraid of police is rational in very many situations.
Not directly related but does anybody know where can I find lossless text simplification/ellipsis expansion?

For example
The cat like piano and violin.
Would semantically losslessly expand to
The cat like piano.
The cat like violin.

I'm working on AGI level text understanding and getting those lossless simplification passes would really help.
Do they currently run their backend on MacOS?
I spent $800 on a new Win 10 laptop with an entry-level NVIDIA GPU plus an extra memory stick. Installing the memory took about 10 minutes and was easy enough for my 11-year-old to do herself. It can stream and video conference at once without even getting warm. It can play mid-tier 3d games pretty comfortably. The MBP is so hot its painful. 15 minutes of Zoom or Minecraft is too much. I only need it because I need to support Safari/iOS and Apple doesn't allow cross-platform emulators or VMs.
Oh yeah, I can't even run Steam anymore (because they require 10.11 or newer) so I can't play any of the hundreds of games that WOULD run on my machine, because the downloader (Steam) can't run... :)
Always a bit shocked how much is spent, even on schools which don't perform well. Baltimore spends $16k per student per year, NYC $23k. Maybe it's even higher in rich suburbs but that's quite the "shoestring".

For comparison, these numbers are 2-3x the OECD average. Germany spends about 11k, France 9k. (All from quick googling.)
> i believe that upstream would do good if they would change their mind about having or not a well defined vulnerability identification and notification system.

No. Unless an issue is tested against HEAD, reporting it is just noise.

Reporting a fixed issue is a faux pas one has to pay for: Listening to snarky comments from friends and co-workers, or in this case, because they should know better, a few kegs of beer for the next FOSS event...
Or they feel leaving money on the table by not running ads is pretty stupid?
Yup, they're basically screaming to UX and visual designers "Hey, we're not your stale old bank! We have a design system and a Sketch library, come work for us!" You can also tell that this is career focused as the third link in the header is "Careers". Interestingly enough, I knew someone who worked in their design team. Lasted 2 years I think before heading back to the West Coast.
Update on Firefox Support for macOS 10.9, 10.10 and 10.11
FT have been on WC's case from 2015, looking at various associated accounts dated as far back as 2011.

The 2019 article was the killer, with one of Wirecard's financial partners traced to the home of a baffled fisherman in the Philippines.

IMO it's hard not to wonder if there's a story behind the story. "Oh dear we at BaFin really didn't notice" just doesn't seem at credible, even if you include some toxic politics.
I am a developer and power user. I am incredibly happy with every update from Apple. Unix with good design is exactly what I want from my OS.

Sure I can't disassemble my laptop and change the hardware. I have no desire at all to do that. I literally can think of no reason I personally would want to do this, although I imagine there are a tiny fraction of users who would and you may be among them.
I completely agree and love the sentiment here, but I'd modify it slightly. What the author is saying is that you can't get a person to go from 0% to 100% understanding just by telling someone. The avatar example is great - you're not going to convince people 100% that avatars are game-changing by telling them once.

On the other hand, incremental nudges are possible. e.g. when you tell someone "hey, we're going to have avatars," you might nudge from from 0% to 1% conviction that avatars will be interesting. Maybe that seems pretty useless...

But there's a way to harness it! One way to tell someone something and have them actually understand it is to have them engage in long-form content. Have you ever wondered why books need to be so long to explain topics which you could summarize in a sentence? It always perplexed me why authors like Malcolm Gladwell could write for 50k words what could be distilled into a couple of sentences, or why talks spend 60 minutes going over a couple of points that someone would summarize in a few bullet points on a YouTube comment. But eventually I realized that the extreme verbosity is crucial. You can't bring anyone from 0 to 100% understanding in a single sentence, but if you string enough sentences together, and attack your point from enough unique directions, then you really can start to move the dial.

The problem is that when you talk to someone and you say "avatars are coming!", you've got this big picture in your head of what that could possibly mean, you've thought deeply about all the possible ramifications and associations that avatars bring, and your sentence has so much implicit meaning to you. But since no one else you're telling has that knowledge, that sentence only carries a small sliver of the full context and meaning that you understand. To really get it across, you need to convey your entire context. Which takes a really long time.

And that's why you can't tell anyone. Well, not easily.

P.S. This comment got so long that it came dangerously close to wading into meta territory, but I managed to successfully avoid it. Oh wait.
I don't understand why it shows Chinese characters. Assuming utf-8, English characters are a lot more compact than Chinese characters. So we can't really compare.

Otherwise it's a good idea and it works, but it's super slow, only working for English text, and the system requirements are huge. I like it.
That was vastly preferable to the current status quo where your older relative doesn't even complain about their computer slowing down, because they've been trained by 20 years of planned obsolescence and unupgradable hardware to just buy a new one when given the slightest hint of a problem.
I assume mainly because it's written in Rust and not Go?
Async class constructor in JavaScript / TS (not the usual ways)
If you use Wayland on Ubuntu (Gnome), the exact gesture you're talking about already exists, it's just vertical instead of horizontal. It's actually my most used gesture personally.
How many are symptomatic?
https://arstechnica.com/staff/2013/03/donglegate-is-classic-...

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5391667
That's a particularly polemical point, but the rest of the bullet points are clarifications on Soviet history of science, which seems substantiative.
> but I don't get why (from what I've seen) hospitalizations don't seem to be all that important when reporting on COVID numbers in general.

To an extent, by the time the hospital numbers are going up sharply, it's too late, and the hospitals will inevitably be overwhelmed, so it's not a good guide of policy. New case count is the only vaguely timely indicator we have.
I think base 64 would be a good option as it is easy to copy
Apple usually has a large premium to upgrade the specs. If you can change your own memory or SSD you could save a considerable amount. But now they are soldering everything.
I, for one, welcome our science-understanding overlords.
How is giving you our data going to solve this?
> - By your numbers, 10% of the killings are done by police officers.
- Police officers account for much less than 10% of the population.
Hence, a random police officer is much more likely to kill you than a random person.

It’s odd you would say I’m playing a dangerous game...we are talking about murder, and if you or a loved one is murdered there is a 90% chance you will be murdered by a non-LEO. Not to mention we are playing a dangerous game by converting all justified police killings to murder.
> He almost apologetically told us that Apple had to make the change to deliver the notebooks he had promised two years before -- But couldn't with PowerPC. It made sense. And then, he showed us that all along Apple had the foresight to plan for this many years ahead.

And what is the difference with the current switch?

I mean, apart from the presentation, which I do not care about.
Counterpoint: I've spent a total of an hour (ish) futzing around with my Debian install, for my home/hobby laptop. I feel like my work (OSX) laptop gives me much more to do, but that could be because I'm expecting more of it. My Linux workstation(s) require basically 0 maintenance.
Maybe no statement as such, but at the very least the move to non-user-upgradeable hardware feels like such a move.

For me personally, the ability to upgrade RAM and storage, and graphics card on a desktop are central to a professional workflow, and part of my purchasing decision as a prosumer.

Coupled with a million other issues I've had over the past few years, including reliability and support, I no longer feel the added cost of a Mac versus a Linux machine is justifiable.
The US Government is projected to make 3.8T for 2021.

Isn't that enough to fund the programs you are speaking of?

https://www.thebalance.com/current-u-s-federal-government-ta...
The most terrible thing is that Bafin or their successor organisation will contain nearly all the current managerial cadre, but will have grown by 5 times in the coming 4 years. Nothing will change except for more chauffeur-driven BMWs. Never waste a good crisis.
My x86 Macbook Pro has been just extraordinarily capable, dual-booting Windows and using an eGPU has been great for gaming. Maybe some of this will survive through virtualization if we can assign eGPUs to virtual machines.
What's the benefit of WebP over something like h264? Most sites today just convert uploaded GIFs to MP4 or GIFV.
We need to go carbon negative. Microsoft announced a $1B commitment to go carbon negative by 2030. This sets the course for the rise of air mining technologies.

Interview with Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LeQxTI-s48A

Carbon Removal Weekly Update on the Microsoft announcement: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J429u4RxkI0&t=21s
> The obsession with total cases is maddening. First, they are driven significantly by amount of testing.

I think more significantly they're driven by total cases. Are you suggesting we test less?

Also you seem to have a very black and white view of outcomes. It's not clear cut between alive or dead. There's many things that we still don't know about this virus and the harm it causes.
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200622-the-long-term-ef...
This reminds me of the Dr Who episode "Castrovalva"; the Doctor and his companions do spend some time running around trying to figure out the layout until they realize what's going on.

I've entertained the idea of DMing that type of thing for a while now.
That's what I thought, but I don't have the Google Play version installed.

First I tried installing Tasks from F-Droid, but it said the thing about the signature (even if Tasks wasn't already installed). So I went to Google Play and installed it from there, then uninstalled it, cleared F-Droid's cache and rebooted my phone. Still F-Droid tells me that there is no compatible signature.

I have several other apps installed via F-Droid, and I have never encountered that message when an app isn't installed in parallel.

----

edit: added missing word
The naming scheme is "places in California" not mountains.
In 2020, I'd be willing to short any company whose CEO sports a black turtleneck.
Yes, it’s not uncommon to have do-nothing NPOs that associate themselves with a noble cause and then spend most of their funds on one or two people’s salaries and perks. This is why apps like Guidestar and Charity Navigator were invented.

The IRS doesn’t seem to give these orgs much scrutiny unless they’re egregiously bad or become a big news story.
Police did not exist in England in the 1600s. The first professional police in England dates to the 1800s. Even in the 1700s, up until the American revolution, there were only patrols of citizens organized as the night watch, and only in big English cities.
I read somewhere that nobody had ever identified a technical person who had worked on Rhapsody. Now that's vapourware.
Is the true DAO the one before the fork, or after it?

https://www.cryptocompare.com/coins/guides/the-dao-the-hack-...
I don't recall changing it when I got a new machine in December, but with so much stored in iCloud, I'm uncertain if that's default or not.
Mac App Store was announced in October 2010 (and released Jan 2011) so that's not yet possible, hahaha ;)
Why not take back some of that tax money.

Government spending is out of control and, for now at least, can keep growing. At the same time competition is weak and most "customers" buy that green crap because governments force them to. You'll become Amazon customer whether you want it or not.

What's not to like?
There's already a standardized version of BPG, HEIC is based on the same principle of using the HEVC video codec to store still images

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_F...

Windows, OSX, iOS and Android have support baked in already
It's the other way around, some opinions are intended to influence their stock portfolio value.
This is my biggest gripe with it. The sidebar only extends down for a short length, but causes the entire readme to shrink and results in a lot of empty space. I'm indifferent to all the other changes but the readme shrinking for no good reason is quite annoying.
You are incorrect. Not all police departments started as slave patrols, in fact many of them did not. But to deny that it was a widespread event is counterfactual.

The first American police dept was founded in the 1850s, well after the split from England. The first police department in England was founded in the 1830s.

Prior to that, our communities either took collective action to regulate themselves and the 'spirit of the community', insisted on night watch duty as a rotating responsibility, paid a constable or sheriff (a word whose roots are 'shire reeve', meaning 'shire official'), or hired private guards to protect property.

In the 1850s, around the time of the first police departments in the US, the Fugitive Slave Act was enforced as law -- requiring officials to hunt and 'return' runaway slaves. This was adopted to a greater or lesser degree depending on the area, but it absolutely was a role of law enforcement across much of the US, and it's without a doubt a part of the roots of many police departments in the US.
How is she having a panic attack? How is anything about her behaviour that night congruous to a panic attack?
Seems like you're just writing an alternative narrative to explain away her behaviour.
Why from all the positions possible, they had to put the Sidebar to the right? In the PR Sidebar in the right is ok, because all the items are actions, but in the landing page, it feels awkward
FUCK LIBERALS! Eat shit and die!
In Finland, a new law was made to allow small-scale money collection up to EUR 10000, but it has also other restrictions, so it may not help you: https://intermin.fi/en/police/fundraising
Apple is making it a pain to do even basic things like replace the battery, which is a consumable part.

I've personally upgraded the hard drive and replaced the battery twice on my old 2011 MacBook Pro.
> So what? The story isn't about who Scott Alexander is. The story is about the blog.

It's about the blog and its author. It's like writing about a controversial book without any mention of the author. That's not possible.
That does exist: we have ACLs, containers (no, not docker, but the filesystem views and isolation in macOS - and to some extent windows), chroot etc. Beyond that there are systems like AppArmor and SELinux on the Linux side of things.

Problems with all of those: it becomes too much overhead and the additional moving parts create additional places for things to break (and they do break - even in a preconfigured distro).
> promote dangerous content

I'm definitely biased here, but "dangerous" content does not exist -- only dangerous people. But then again, I get called a "free speech extremist" nowadays so what do I know?
> The "problem" with studying other countries is that US citizens are armed to their teeth compared to citizens of most of the rest of the civilised world.

I don't see that as a problem. Police are at least as heavily armed. I'm not aware of any instances where armed protesters created a dangerous situation.

The overwhelming majority of violence has been perpetrated by armed police on unarmed civilians. "Less lethal" weapons are used as an excuse to continue this pattern.
I want to say this: https://framework.embarklabs.io/news/2019/11/18/nim-vs-cryst... was published on HN at one point. Regardless, it's a decent rundown.
> The world will face severe biological and electronic pandemics, another gift from globalisation.

We know COVID exists; idiots argue about it on the street.

I don't think people realize how much propaganda and marketing dominate all facets of discourse. There is an electronic pandemic, and it's in your feed every day.
Depends. Hermes[1] JS engine from Facebook do not have JIT and provide better perf for React Native.

Modern V8 have both interpreter Ignition[2] and TurboFan[3] JITed compiler. My understanding is that on most websites Ignition will be sufficient but when using omething like SPA application TurboFan will gradually speedup bytecode generated by Ignition using JIT like technology.

I am not sure if JIT is required. There are even ideas to compile Typescript to WebAssembly[4]. You could create a compiler that compile strict subset of JS to more performant Webassembly and it would outperform modern JS engines.

[1] https://github.com/facebook/hermes
[2] https://v8.dev/docs/ignition
[3] https://v8.dev/docs/turbofan
[4] https://www.assemblyscript.org/