skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Matt Levine writes about this sometimes:

> In insider trading, famously, nobody quite knows what “legal” means. There is no statute defining or prohibiting insider trading, and the Securities and Exchange Commission rules on it are slim. But there are some judicially created rules that more or less make sense, that focus, roughly speaking, on whether insiders are using someone else’s information for their own gain. (A question that has nothing to do with market fairness, by the way.) But those rules are hazy and much disputed, and they aren’t written down in one place.

https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-10-15/inside...

When a company employee is told something that's a secret and they trade on it or tell someone else then that's betraying that trust. If someone outside the firm figures it out, say from satellite photos or something like that, then it's not.
Show HN: Compiletime macro to auto generate fast validators for TypeScript types
The COLUMNS variable is kept in sync with window size in any decent shell on any decent kernel that has SIGWINCH and struct winsize.
Compressed was very explicitly made optional so that implementers would have the choice of recycling that encoding space for something else. It was not just an "afterthought".
Why bother writing laws if the mindset of legislators is all the matters? Members of Congress could submit daily diaries for the record, and then the Supreme Court could try to imagine what they might have been thinking 60 years ago whenever an issue comes up.

Please read the decision, it's a very straightforward reading of the law. Transgender discrimination is sex discrimination by definition.
That again is a special case: Sz is never ß at the start of a word... Since there are composite words in German, you have to pay attention to "Schlusssszene" being neither "Schlusßzene" nor "Schlussßene" but "Schlußszene". But I would not blame anyone or any program for getting this wrong.

Also, in this case, Sz is pronounced as the two distinct letters it is composed of. Whereas when "sz" replaces "ß", the pronounciation is just very similar to a plain "s".
> To me, she deserves every dollar she made for making the insurance market more efficient. I'm sure those errors would have cost these companies much more than $400k over the long run.

Couldn't agree more. She did nothing wrong in my book. She found a legal exploit, and exploited it. She was playing by the rules, she exposed a flaw, the flaw is now fixed. If she continues to do the exploit that would be a different story.

400k is small price to pay to close this kind of loophole.
You can't go faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. But, you can definitely go faster than light in a medium. Speed of light in water, for example, is around 0.75c.
What is the point of such correct price? To resist criminals?
Some people would rather argue from their hypothetical spherical fruit stand in a vacuum than to argue from reality at hand.
I read the website, I don’t understand what they mean by “native”. Could someone explains what they mean and what it is?
> Can you de-escalate when there are innocent bystanders?

Sure you can, it's what the vast majority of police forces in developed countries are doing all the time [0].

That way they also don't end up shooting innocent bystanders, which is apparently quite a common thing in the US [1] [2]

[0] https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/05/ge...

[1] https://www.npr.org/2019/12/06/785561122/4-dead-after-armed-...

[2] https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/16/nyregion/firing-at-man-in...
Would this further extend to fishing or hunting licenses?

I think I one could say that fishing or hunting licenses only apply to certain locations - you are only able to use methods X in location Y. This out of state the license is valid but not useful.

Then the question is whether gun license is more like a marriage licet or a hunting license.
> CPU technology is quite arcane, very high level, there are so many patents, IP money and a lot of secrecy involved, since CPU tech is quite a strategic one for geopolitical power. Do you work as an engineer at intel, ARM, AMD? On chip design?

If such a mechanism existing it would be documented at at least a high level and its effects observable under controlled tests. Neither are, in contrast to the power and temperature envelopes I mentioned. There is no actual evidence that aged chips operating with the same clockrate perform computation slower, your subjective experience that hardware 'slows down' does not count.

> It's not about failing, it's about error detection. Redundancy is a form of error detection. If several gates disagree on a result, they have to start again what they worked on. That's one simple form of error detection.

> CPU never really fail, they just slow down because gates generate more and more errors, requiring recalculation until they finally correct the detected error. An aged chip will just have more and more errors, that will slow it down. Which is the reason why old chip are slower, independently of software.

This is not how consumer CPUs work. It's not even how high-reliability CPUs necessarily work (some work through a high level of redundancy but they don't generally automatically retry operations when a failure happens: that's a great way of getting stuck). Such redundancy is so incredibly expensive from a power and chip area point of view that no CPU vendor would be competetive in the market with a CPU which worked like you describe. If a single gate fails in a CPU, the effects can range from unnoticable to halt-and-catch-fire.

The only error correction which is present is memory based, where errors are more common and ECC can be implemented relatively cheaply compared to error checking computations.
Due Process for Tsarnaev – Demanded by a Masshole
From the majority opinion: "The parties concede that the term 'sex' in 1964 referred to the biological distinctions between male and female."

I am not a lawyer but this sounds to me like the Supreme Court just admitted that while the text of the law doesn't include protection for gay or transgendered persons, they are going to retroactively "understand the term" as though it does.

How, then, can we assume any of the laws mean what the text says when a court can decide words mean something else? I have to agree with the dissent in this case; amending the Civil Rights to update, expand, or clarify the definition "sex" is the surest way to protect gay and transgender person from a future court taking a strict textual interpretation and annulling this ruling.

Too bad the court system can't create the equivalent of a bug report for legislation. If we had that then in this case the SCOTUS could have issued a legislative mandate to Congress requiring them to clarify or expand the definition of "sex" so that now-protected classes are protected from a further court ruling on what the actual text of the law says. It is the role of the court to interpret the laws, not make them.
Im yet to see anyone on hn say it will make them more comfortable. Just a bunch of white knights coming to do thier song and dance.
Why Microservices Fail?
Unless I am missing something the general transister density for 14nm is vastly worse than that.

If an A9 has 2 Billion transistors on a 96 mm^2 chip. That's ~45,000 transistor in a row ~= 10 mm = 10000000 nm or 35,000,000 atoms. Or 1 transistor per ~777x777 atoms except that’s across multiple layers so hand wave ~1,000 atoms.
> “The Number To Stay Healthy” implies a threshold beyond which there is no benefit.

To me it doesn't it implies a number which would give you a good average health condition, or maybe a threshold beyond which the marginal benefit will start to outweigh the marginal effort for an average person (hard to establish that, though). A "threshold beyond which there is no benefit" sounds like a way too high target.
>> No one cares about PCs as a business anymore.

Is that true? While I get that this isn't scientific proof, there seem to be a lot of Youtubers out there making a decent living off videos of building and reviewing PCs and Macs.

Linus Tech Tips has >11M subscribers, Dave2D has 2.7M subscribers, etc.
I don't have an example off the top of my head, but I'm pretty sure I've seen arguments presented to the SCOTUS that are absolutely based on hypotheticals, including hypotheticals introduced by the justices themselves.

EDIT: Here's a very recent one: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/supreme-court-justice-s-co...
For a private email address the pricing does indeed seem quite steep.

For a business email system it seems to miss a few features, especially around meetings.

Email seems to be warming to innovation again, but an approach that doesn't go for rip and replace, but rather augments and extends these features into existing email clients might have its benefits? e.g. Yablo [1] extends Outlook with a team collaboration and productivity environment, but it is still the full Outlook client and email to the outside world, so existing workflows and integrations built around that aren't disrupted.

[1] https://yablo.io (currently in open beta)
I believe Sweden requires a bachelors degree and 2.5 years of training to become a cop. In the US it's just a high school diploma and 4 to 6 months of training depending the state.
Conservative != Trump. I actually never say anything about Trump (breaking the rule here), because:

(1) conservative ideas don't depend on Trump for their origin or continuance

(2) Trump isn't really that conservative anyway, and

(3) he is such a polarizing figure that it's almost impossible to have a rational conversation (with either side) once you mention him.
In Nigeria, computer as a subject is being taught at all levels - primary, secondary, and University.

For seniors in secondary schools it's called data processing.

Both Computer studies and data processing however, are mainly theory to be memorized.

The end result is graduates who struggle with basic computing tasks - after taking 10+ years of computer classes.

Even for computer science students in universities, this theory only approach changes only slightly. 80% of the semester in programming courses is spent in classes receiving lectures with the last three weeks in the computer lab.

As for self learning via videos, it's challenging. Nigeria's minimum wage is below $100. Teachers in private schools (university graduates), mostly earn below $100 - NGN 38,750 (GOOGLE) monthly.

Back to video learning, wired internet is non-existent. It's all wireless - so no unlimited internet. 50GB monthly data plan from Nigeria's cheapest data provider GLO costs 10 thousand naira. Relatively cheap comparing absolute dollar amount.

10,000 naira is however 33% of Nigeria's minimum wage of 30,000 naira.
> No, kids don't learn work related bits of technical skills by themselves. They wont learn about file structure, basic maintenance, how to write documents nor how to copy them.

Yes, actually, they can.

"file structure" and other unimportant minutia are minor obstacles which can be picked up as needed when the child has a need to understand it. Specifically, "file structure" is rapidly becoming a meaningless implementation detail from the point of view of computer users-- if you use MacOS for example.

The important thing for a solid education is a focus on fundamentals. Everything else is secondary.

There was a TED talk about exactly this topic in 2007...
https://www.ted.com/talks/sugata_mitra_kids_can_teach_themse...
see also.. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugata_Mitra
There's a fun paper on how you could use a particle accelerator to blow up nuclear weapons in their silos from the other side of the planet with a neutrino beam. There would be no defense against this (highly fanciful) countermeasure. https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/0305062.pdf
I don't think it's intended as that slang... I think it's probably in the scheme tradition of self-deprecating conspiratorial names... I suspect it's meant to invoke that theme.

Not to mention that "bash" sounds like a concussive injury; "gash" sounds like a slicing injury. So follows that theme also.

I would be very surprised if genitalia slang came up in the author's mind as a choice of names but I guess I don't know them.
The counter to this would be that these bans aren't discriminatory on the basis of sex because the same rule applies to both sexes. It all depends on how you want to look at it. It can either be:

(1) People can't have same sex relations

(2) Women can have relations with men but men can't have relations with men.

Practically they are the same, but (2) discriminates on the basis of sex while (1) does not.
So it doesn't download tracking pixels. But my email client doesn't, either. Furthermore I read only plain-text email 99.9% of the time. What's the use case exactly?
Interesting, care to elaborate more? I haven't found that it's even possible with long distances like that.

If corporates are literally blowing holes to mountains to get faster and more direct data links between trading places. Then it sounds like just a question of time when the technology matures enough (if it's possible already).
Completely not shocked.

The post my original reply was to was for teachers and “general government workers”. I gave a typical retirement age for those folks.

Military, police, firefighters, and (iirc) prison employees are a completely different cup of tea. Unions are a part of it, but the element of danger is also supposed to be factored into their pensions (rightly or wrongly). They also can start getting paid as soon as they retire without regard for age (unlike many/most other pensions).

All that said, the reality is actually worse. Structurally those positions tend to give members of those groups a relatively-easy-to-get disability component to their retirement (which can often be huge). They also have functionally similar jobs with higher pay that are designed to goose up their salaries for the last x years that is used to determine their pension.

These pensions are completely out of control, imho. That said, the politics and optics around those jobs make them tough to change to a more reasonable level.

These types of pensions are completely different than that of a typical government worker that doesn’t work in these types of jobs — a complete apples and oranges comparison, imho.
> The 45-year-old woman, surnamed Li, used 20 other identities in addition to her own, to take out almost 900 travel insurance policies from 2015 to 2019.

So identity fraud is just totally fine as long as you're screwing over insurance companies?

Identity fraud aside, stuff like this drives up the cost of insurance for people who legitimately need it. It's clearly both illegal and immoral.
Insurance contracts are contracts of utmost good faith (uberrimae fidei) in most of the common law world (I have no idea about the law in China).

Failure to disclose material facts renders the contract voidable. Insurance is not supposed to be a method for exploiting information arbitrage, and the law is formed explicitly on that basis.
The latest release notes at https://guix.gnu.org/blog/2020/gnu-guix-1.1.0-released/ give some insights about the project's activity. Currently there's ~90 monthly contributors and ~1,700 commits per month. It's active. :-)
Handling multiple bot attacks over Tor
I have a private Jabber server (ejabberd) on my own VPS and my friends are using it to contact me.

And before this, I was using IRC, so the server got my IP address and nothing more.

My phone number is way more private than my IP address, which is dynamic anyway.

I see lots of options that doesn't require giving up anything of importance.
Sonar: P2P database and search engine based on hypercore/dat protocol
> Why should the government be able to legally control what I choose to do with my property and my goods...

When you run a store on your private property, you are inviting the general public onto your private property and it ceases to be as private as it was.

You can be indignant as you wish, make all the arguments that you wish, but this is how it has been for hundreds of years.
> If you doubt about the rigor of some study...

I doubt the rigor of MOST studies.
Ah but did you know how brave you are for existing? Imagine... I couldn't exist like that... but you? So brave... your courage... to just stand there and exist. Wow. I'm so inspired. I tell my wine tasting friends how brave all my lgbt coworkers are and i honestly feel like an honorary lgbt and i just tear up. sniff
Most people probably didn't pin the certificate. I think that the problem was caused by developers configuring their application to trust only the DigiCert Root CA.

This usually happens beacuse some applications don't use by default the root CA bundle of the underlying OS to authenticate TLS connections, but require you to put each Root CA certificate in a trust store (ex. Java).

Some devs probably added just the Digicert root CA and forgot about it.

These kind of changes with certificate are always kind of tricky, because they usually work very reliably until they don't.
Ask HN: Good tool for “mind mapping” projects?
Does anybody have a good tool in mind for mind mapping projects? Other than draw.io, something where you can create a mind map or flow chart of sorts to try and ideate for an engineering project.
Should the article’s title on HN reflect its publication date? (2007)
WD Red DM-SMR Update: 3 Vendors Bail and WD Knew of ZFS Issues
I lump together "PCs are doomed" in the same category as "Apple is doomed".

Both are not even remotely true.
It has more limited usefulness outiside of North America and Japan when it comes to cultural or geographically limited characters, especially food, drink and clothing; The Consortium does recognise this, but with a measly 50+100 new emoji per year, it will be forever before we see this improved significantly.
Just curious - which part of the OP's comment do you find uninformed?

Forgive me but to me your reply sounds condescending. "Poverty is well-known among people who think hard about racism" - seems to translate to "yeah, considered poverty - but no - still racism"?

The OP is saying that "you can't even critique looting/fires/violence any more without being labeled privileged/uninformed" - and then as a reply you're reiterating exactly the same thing with "much better understanding of where people are coming". As if understanding it makes it ok.
Can we use this principle to decrease the latency between continents over the internet? Like transmitting data via artificially generating neutrinos and sending them directly from say Asia to Latin America? There has to be a way, no?

I'm not a physics guy so it would bee be better if someone with domain knowledge could chime in.
I'm using Guix System on new Dell servers, old Sun servers, a Dell laptop, a Purism Librem laptop, an old Thinkpad --- it works just fine.

I think the fear of missing drivers when using Linux without blobs is extremely overstated. Yes, certain WiFi cards won't work without blobs, and yes, the 3D graphics situation is not great thanks to NVIDIA and AMD.

> What do you like about it versus a more typical linux or unix?

Oh, so many things... But most important for me is stateless configuration, reproducible builds, no-nonsense application bundles without all that Dockeresk cruft via "guix pack", ad-hoc environments, etc.
Updated AI Fairness 360 Toolkit Supports R and Scikit-Learn
Textualism != Originalism

Gorsuch, in the majority, asserts that textually, the words written would and do indeed cover discrimination of gender identity and sexual orientation by extension of sex. Textually meaning regardless of whatever the original intent was, ie it doesn't really matter if they were considering transgender people in that list
Many a case law is all about retroactively "understand the term". That's why oftentimes, law is called judge-made law.
Precision Spray Coating Makes Better Perovskite Solar Cells – Tech Briefs
Tech bros vs. exclusionary language in code
It's a good thing this view isn't taken on free speech or you'd have to rely on legislation to make it legal to publish your post online.
> example of how courts evolve the definition of phrases as society evolves

They haven't evolved anything. Please read the court's opinion, the logic they use to describe why "sex" from Title VII isn't divisible ("but for" test) from LGBT rights is extremely difficult to refute.

Nothing has "evolved." They're arguing that you cannot descriminate against LGBT people without ALSO descriminating against someone's sex, which is unlawful. Even the dissenters weren't really able to poke holes in that logic, instead ignoring the whole issue of how someone's sex determines if they'd get decriminated against in some circumstances and not others (e.g. employers banning being married to a women is only "banned" for one gender and not the other, making it sexual descrimination).

They give numerous examples and go into great detail about why it is just sexual descrimination with extra steps, exactly like Title VII was expressly designed to outlaw.
You can own a mortar tube in the US. It's classified as a "destructive device" so you might have to fill out some extra forms, and it's probably hard to find someone who will sell it to you.
Very cool. For anyone interested in this kind of tactical analysis, another (though non-computational) one I've enjoyed is http://www.zonalmarking.net/.
I feel like clips and rename threads are features competitors could easily add. Not sure if I'll sign up for Hey, but always happy to see more competition.
You can easily send them through the earth because they are hard to detect: it’s two sides of how low their interaction is. What’s the point sending data that you cannot pick up? Femilab could probably modulate their bean to Oklahoma (or wherever the detector is located) but you can’t work up enough bandwidth for it to be worthwhile. Ever, for anything.
One answer is law enforcement is largely a bureaucracy of career civil servants, so they're not as subject to the whims of a mayor or elected officials.

On top of that they're a fairly politically active group, so they have an outsized influence on policies, including those that affect them.

But the biggest issue, as you note, is the sheer disparity in who interacts with the police at all.

From a 2015 Bureau of Justic Statistics report

https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cpp15.pdf

Only about 10% of Americans had police-initiated, non-traffic stop contacts.

So 9 out of 10 Americans never see the police, much less have insight as to whether they're too violent.

Blacks 50% more likely than Whites to be subjected to a street stop by police.

Blacks 120% (!) more likely than Whites to be subjected to police force.

And, every single respondent who indicated they were Tasered by police felt it was "excessive" force.

So, yes, fundamentally this is a "rights of the minority" problem - and the minority in this case are younger, poorer, less politically connected, and therefore are underrepresented in discussions about police brutality, effective law enforcement, police training, and other policies which impact them.
I would not get worked up about it if it came from individual OSS projects, out of their own free will, one by one.

However, in several OSS projects I follow, it was always corporate steered "open" source devs who "proposed" the change and rammed it through, often against the majority opinion. To further their careers and stroke their egos.

Now GitHub, who still does business with sketchy companies (as does MSFT) does this entirely meaningless virtue signalling change.

Just to show OSS devs who is the boss and that they can do whatever they like with their money.
Gorsuch has broken rank w/Trump maybe twice. The only other one that comes to mind was a case concerning the property rights of Indigenous People. But that's still voting with him like 90% of the time. And I don't think Kavanaugh has ever voted against Trump's interests yet. We know for a fact that both of them would very much like to overturn Roe v. Wade.

So no, I don't think it was "baseless".