skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I reckon that water under high pressure does have a somewhat higher density. However water is pretty much the textbook example of an incompressible fluid so the difference will probably be rather small.

Edit: Found a direct quote on wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties_of_water#Compressib...:
>The low compressibility of water means that even in the deep oceans at 4 km depth, where pressures are 40 MPa, there is only a 1.8% decrease in volume.[40]
Even if there were a local place or activity for socializing, going to a retail store during the day is a good move. Clerks won't have many people competing for their attention and the clerk-customer roles make it easy to break the ice. The clerk will realize this isn't a sales discussion but is probably happy to shoot the breeze, anyway. Shopping at a store gives a very nice framework for casual conversation.
> Also, might make more sense to choose java if you need types.

Java is not a replacement for "PHP with types". There is currently nothing you can deploy as easily as a PHP web app. The operational overhead is very low because cheap, robust hosting providers have decades of experience with the most typical LAMP style stack.

I would also disagree in terms of language features. Gradual typing through type hints (and other 'on demand'-style consistency features) is a very ergonomic way to introduce consistency during development (plus implied performance optimizations). You write in 'free-dynamic-mode' initially and then add type hints where they make sense bit by bit, typically in function signatures. There are many examples of this in the (semi?) dynamic world.
Python gets love for a number of choices it made right early on, and that its core langauge is obviously well thought out. Even very old Python is generally readable and clear; except for some colons, it looks like pseudo-code.

This is the same reason I think Java gets a lot of respect: they had a few core language design ideas and built the language around them. People will say COBOL's syntax is horribly verbose, but you can see what they were trying to do.

So you might dislike those choices, but your critique becomes about the consequences of the choice, which implicitly is something the person making it can't know at the time.

With PHP, people are complaining that users have to live with a whole host of accidents or poorly thought out ideas that are now baked in.

Other languages get criticized for that, too. Python was hammered over their poorly thought out support for unicode in Py3K[4], which blocked many distros from supporting it until around 3.4. (And, generally, most people agreed Python3 was a mess until ~3.6 and the whole transition is widely seen as a case study in what not to do.)

Java gets dislike for similar bad choices. Java's Date class is pretty notorious[2] as a how-not-to. Java arrays are covariant, and it was staring them in the face as they coded the ArrayStoreException[5] to deal with otherwise perfectly valid assignments. But the .NET one-upped them by knowingly making their arrays covariant, despite knowing it was a problem in Java. (Probably to make it possible to run Java on the CLR.)

To pick on Javascript, critiques of promises[3] center around the fact that people proposed using monads, and the designers brushed it aside as theoretical. The famous 'wat' presentation[1] talks about behavior in Javascript (and others) that is magical and bizarre, and it's principally because Netscape has some neat ideas they didn't think through.

[1]: https://www.destroyallsoftware.com/talks/wat

[2]: https://codeblog.jonskeet.uk/2017/04/23/all-about-java-util-...

[3]: https://github.com/promises-aplus/promises-spec/issues/94

[4]: https://click.palletsprojects.com/en/7.x/python3/

[5]: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/ArraySto...
Compare with Brazil which does have a presidential system winning by popular vote, and I bet you will see a lot of reasons to not want the federal government with even more power than it already has.
BeOS was never released as open-source, Haiku is a clean-room reimplementation, with some very different internals. Development started in 2001/2002, so more than a bit younger than Linux.
> I think you want to seek out companies where the main business risk is technology risk still. That would be database companies, developer tools, artificial intelligence startups, operating systems, ...

This is only true for established companies. At early stages those still might not have a proper engineering culture, whicih makes them turn into pyramid schemes sellling the dream, getting hackier and scammier with each iteration.
> PHP's low entry barrier is a blessing

That's the error.
> You've been CONDITIONED

I haven't been conditioned, thanks.

Large corporations enable efficiencies of scale which in turn enables modern living. We can't live at our current standards with artisan search engines, hand-crafted phones and home-made cars. But the same scale which enables modern living alienates workers from their labour. In most companies, all but a select few at the top have very little agency. They mostly get told what to do and they often don't even see the customer that benefits from the value they create. And the people with agency at the top get the vast majority of the profits.

The result is a society with a lot of inequality and poverty, and a mass of alienated consumers trying to purchase those things which are missing in their lives: narrative, stories which connect their consumption with humanity. Hand-made this, small batch that, experiences you can share with other people., the personal touches which weave a life into a broader more meaningful tapestry.

And raising children, of course. But that's somewhat bitter-sweet, knowing the world they're going out into, unless you have some assurance they're going to be among those with agency.
If PHP is a bad language, your complaints are just just irrelevant, I could probably find some bad code base made in Go and prove that Go is bad.

> but not all languages have the same number of edge cases that PHP has.

I agree , some have more some have less

The things is that from your comment it shows you have no idea what you are talking about, I suggest you let people with experience in PHP to explain hat are the issues and how to work around them. I have a few experience in PHP, experience with 5.4 and older PHP not the 1990 version.
What I could complain about PHP are small things I do not feel that I need some feature from Java or C#, my time is spent reproducing bugs reported by our users, debugging and fixing them or spent on adding new features, creating solutions etc.

I admit when I was younger I would complain about why do we have to use AS3, or PHP or X for this, there are better languages but this days I know that the language is a small part of the entire project, the hard part is creating solutions, a new dev will start by typing code and offering you a fast solution that someone else needs to fix it later, an experienced dev will think at 2,3 or more solutions, consider all the advantages and disadvantages, test then and finally start writing the code - so IMO the fact that soem language has a bit more sugar coding or and IDE starts 2 times as fast is irelevant, what is important is the person that generates the solutions and the person that when a bug is raised can dig deeper and find the cause and fix it.
Been hearing this for 40 years now. Will we be reading this in another 40 years? Call me a skeptic, get angry at me, but I'll believe it when I see it.
At ObservbleHQ they use this to automatically visualise dependencies:
https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/notebook-visualizer

More generally, Observable gives you a 'playground' where you can interactively see graphviz results:
https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/graphviz

Another option - which for some applications is visually more appealing - is Elk:
https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/notebook-visualizer-e...

There's a simple start notebook here:
https://observablehq.com/@tmcw/elk
Yes, copyright is unethical, as is closed-source distribution. Sell actual work - there's always work to be done on or around software. My project is livestreaming software, but it turns out there's plenty of folks who don't want to set up livestreaming software, they just want to pay someone for the result of having a solid branded stream - so my business model is providing them that end. If I could do it reasonably with existing software, I would, but I can't, so I'm writing software for it.
Absolutely, this should be the mindset of prisons.
FWIW my takeaway is that underfunding a whole class of people, especially when it comes to education and healthcare, so they have a much harder time succeeding in the job market and tend to die or go bankrupt if they get sick, is a really bad idea.
I wonder how this relates to the information South Africa handed over in March on the killing.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/08/case-of-sweden...

Maybe through that information they determined any South African leads were dead ends.
Rice team makes tiny, magnetically powered neural stimulator
Possibly Elk? - there's a simple start notebook here: https://observablehq.com/@tmcw/elk
and example of more complex output here:
https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/notebook-visualizer-e...
https://www.ebay.com/itm/Genuine-Zune-Premium-Original-Headp...
I first met Rasmus during my pre-internet BBS days in Toronto, and reached out to him shortly after moving to the Bay Area in '95 when he told me about his pet "Personal Home Page" project. What an amazing trajectory!
In Information Technology, I’d agree as well.

From ‘93 to ‘03 Internet tech got industrialized, commoditized, commercialized. After an ‘03 to ‘08 consolidation phase, from ‘08 to ‘13 it got packetized and packaged by CSPs of varying degrees of specialization or verticality. Disruptive startup or OSS changes in last few years often emerge from lessons learned in those CSPs in mid 00s.

Then this last decade has been spent on figuring out how to “declare” that infotech stack of lego bricks and wire it together. We could get to a consensus way to wire bricks and flows by ‘23 — more likely on bricks, less likely on flows.
>> I stepped out into an uncertain future. I don’t really see meaningful human interaction anymore. I see a society that is impossibly distracted by likes and selfies, smartphones, and similar technologies, and I often find it frustrating to find my place in the midst of this new interconnected world simply because I was not there to naturally evolve with it.

For what is worth he's not alone in this. Being "interconnected" the way he thinks he's missing feels actually being less connected than ever. In a way he sees the right picture IMHO but he thinks he misinterprets things. I guess it's his broken ego which puts these kinds of "I-must-be-wrong" filters in front of him but if he ever gets rid of them I think that his vantage point on the current techscape will be unique exactly due to him being absent of it for so long.
The President can do far more than veto Goliath from steamrolling David. Flipping an unfair power balance, is still an unfair power balance.
Sure, I think people are just objecting to the implication that Linux as an OS had a 'business model' or 'commercialization' problem; in the very early days (I was there) this was the case ... except it was all mostly being done for fun. But these days... it's just everywhere. It's the lingua franca OS for almost all hardware, for better or for worse.

And it certainly wasn't targeted originally for cell phones, etc. And it arguably isn't best suited for it. The unix perimission and user model and file system structure etc make little sense there. But somehow it ended up there.

Arguably a finely tuned single user system makes more sense for those types of system. so who knows... maybe Haiku or something like it has a future there. I doubt it, as I think of Haiku more of a lovely retro computing project... but it's somewhat conceivable.

I mean... former Be engineer Travis Geiselbrecht was behind the early days of Haiku and he's now key behind Fuchsia. So there's some cross polination into that kind of ecosystem anyways.
> A lot of the criticism really should have been aimed at certain PHP developers, rather than the language or the community at large.

Communities should be kept responsible for setting quality standards or failing to do so.
Get-Command is your friend, especially with the -Noun parameter.

Get-Command -Noun Computer

will return you all the cmdlets dealing with Computer.

It returns Rename, Restart and Stop computer cmdlets.

Very handy.
> "that's going to work the way I think it does"

I definitely get where you're coming from. But everyone is different, and thinks differently.

I did a lot of Rails after PHP, so I like using Coffeescript, even though that admission would get me mocked on any JS forum, since I've seen many people be called an idiot for not preferring Typescript.

As for frameworks, I like Svelte, because it works the way I think. I've seen a lot of negative comments from React and Vue users on people using less popular frameworks like Svelte.

My general attitude about these things is "if it works for you, that's great". I'm no longer a PHP user, but I don't think the reasons why I liked it 15 years ago have changed, even though my preferences have.
Habits of Successful Development Teams
This is solid. From my perspective this dichotomy me/others is a false one. I am sure MBAs have their value though sometimes they get so political it's hard to separate the b/s from what they actually do. I think self assessment of what one truly wants is necessary. The poster is looking a lot outside (MBA's, new job opportunities), probably some inner work would give better results now.
Maybe grocery stores should start social events and advertise them to regular customers.
It's not a panacea, but it's objectively better than closed-source. Thank you for pointing out that the binary is unobfuscated.
> In my observations of the American public, people generally seem to be fine with the extreme sentences and punishment that the system doles out.

Many thousands have been marching across the nation for weeks now, precisely because they are not fine with these extreme sentences, and other abuses of law enforcement.
Maximal cooperation?

Two schools of thought:

1. Maximal cooperation require maximal composability

2. Maximal cooperation requires some dictatorship

Interestingly I find that this is quite embodied in two of my favourite languages - Go and Haskell.

Haskell is all about composition. And it does so by dictatorship of its type system.

Go is dictatorial in the sense that there is one way to do things, but encourages compositionality, coming from a unix world where pipes are everything.
Determinism is meaningless if there is no way to exploit that determinism. So it is with the universe: It may well be deterministic, but there is no way to build a computer that could 'look ahead' and make predictions (because of chaos theory, sensistive dependence on initial conditions etc, and because any computer that could model the universe would be bigger than - or become part of - that universe). So determinism is kindof irrelevant. And hence free will is also irrelevant. Its just an incoherent concept. If a given scene was re-run twice with everything exactly the same, then you _might_ choose differently? But in a way that is somehow different from randomness? Its just meaningless.

What people mean by free will is more like 'what happens next is influenced by things inside my skull, rather than solely from outside of it'. Which is fine.

Think of the universe as a determinstic computer that is calculating its own future microsecond by microsecond. There is no way to jump ahead in the calculations, even though it may be determistic.
Sincerely, I think graphviz is great the way it is. I wouldn't change the graph language and most of the suggested changes would be "nice to have".

Thanks for your hard work on it!
Cool. My favourite class in University went from low level, transistors, to gates to assembly. We used logisim and programmed our logic to an FPGA board. Final logic lab was building the circuit for a processor with two instructions of your choice and registers.
How do we know punishment is not a deterrent to crime?

If there was no punishment for committing crimes, do you think the amount of crime would remain approximately the same and is there any good evidence for that?
Right in more than one way.

Palme really was Sweden's JFK, he stepped on all the wrong toes and didn't take the potential consequences seriously.

The Police response and following investigation was a joke.

Who pulled the trigger matters less.
> "Caging me for a decade is not rehabilitating. I may be making excuses for myself, though there is a lesson that could have been learned with the same amount of value for justice if the sentence was 2 years, 3 years, 5 years, even 6 years." From the article at: https://forklog.media/ex-convicted-hacker-ghostexodus-severi...

I don't consider myself a bleeding heart lib but I think that a decade in prison is excessive for most non-violent crimes. I'm American but I live in Asia so maybe I'm now an outsider. I'm not aware of any other country that punishes this harshly.

Serious questions: Does any other country routinely punish so severely? To what end? At what financial and psychic cost to society? If we're unique (exceptional?) why do we do this to ourselves?
Same problem here, it seems like solutions like mixaba, squawk, watercooler might be an option
"I wouldn't have wasted two more days of my life trying out a new state management library that does exactly the same thing as the rest."
No, what I have heard from a Mac developer friend is that Apple's Xcode tool chain is likely able cross-compline x86-64 applications to ARM with relative ease. By forcing developers to move to 64bit last year, much of the work will already be done for the ARM transition.

(Of course, there are always difficult cases that will take lots of work)
>rehabilitate prisoners

Yes that's what i mean with do/learn, give them the tools so they can live a good and legal life after prison.

>to an appropriate extent, punish

I think that's already included in the package..when they take away your freedom.
That's cool! Every time I end up implementing some kind of graph structure, writing a simple dot output method is one of the first things I do. It's incredibly useful for debugging stuff, and only takes a couple minutes to put together.
Wait two seconds, is she the first person to both go to space and reach that depth in the ocean, or is she the first woman to do it?

Based on the title it lead me to think that a man had done that before her and the achievement she accomplished here was being the first US woman to do both. Otherwise the article would had said said person and world record without qualifying the achievement by gender and nationality.

The article does not specify if any of the other 7 people who also reached the depth had been in space, so with the comments in here I am now more unsure what the achievement actually is.

> If it was "some astronaut," that would be weird

If it was the first astronaut to be in both places then its not weird at all. First astronaut that explore both extreme environments is an interesting achievement. I would read that story.
Thinking about it from the wrong direction. We have lifetimes of images that are "not cups" so when we get some cups flagged to us it's differentiated against a huge non-cup baseline.
I'm wondering the same thing. There are also a lot of people in HN who share the same view.

Maybe people can also think more about how to bring the hacker ethos back? Or prove if it's not economically feasible?
There is a non-profit called Defy Ventures[1], that aims to rehabilitate prisoner personnel who are pre-release and equip them with skills and a technical/tactical overview for entrepreneurial-minded prisoners to help them adjust and better reintegrate back into society.

[1] https://www.defyventures.org/
How+to+Fix+a+500+Internal+Server+Error+on+Your+WordPress+Site
I do, when I can.
> Berkeley
Like with anything on HN the EC is has its detractors and promoters.

The US has changed a lot since its inception and has structurally changed in profound ways. The 12th and 17th amendments, the civil war, and the rise of federal power. I think it's important to contextualize what the electoral college originally was versus what it current is. I think it's also very important to note that no method of self-government can accommodate every citizens's preferences in unison. So whether it's direct democracy or not some portion of the US voters will 'lose'.

Personally I think we're running head long into the consequences of a very strong federal government where the people desire a say in which (singular) person gets to 'run' the country. When a single person represents 50% (+/- a few % depending on EC or popular vote) of a nation of over 300 million I think we have deep systemic issues that neither the electoral college can stem nor can the popular vote fix.
I think it's time you decide if your work defines you or of it's just a way to get the money that allows you to live and to do (almost) anything you want outside your work. It's time to decide if you want to take risk and live how you want to, or to keep some security and be happy with a side-project.

Depending if you have kids/wife, your "choice" will be easier.
I think that this also needs to be considered against the depreciating value of "games you own". There are hidden costs involved with organizing them and maintaining compatible hardware, as well as depreciating value in the face of game design getting outdated, multiplayer services shutting down, and remasters and new releases.

On the other hand, it's still up in the air how long-lived Stadia would be. If you compare it against Google's free services it's not a good track record, but if you compare it against content bought in Google Play, it's trustable.
Surprisingly Strong and Deformable Silicon
Yes. https://plantuml.com/state-diagram
What are you using state for in a web app or API?
I have thought similar thoughts for a while to what I think you're getting at. That certain behaviors are harmonious (a net benefit) for all, while others produce negative externalities and are therefore "sinful" for lack of a better term. In terms of religion this would be similar to a concept of man being fallen from the perfect harmony, where they do not always choose the net benefit option. Hence it takes some effort to not "give in to your demons" ie make decisions which are easier but move things away from that harmonious equilibrium
Don't do anything.

Don't touch it until you sure about what should do with that money.

Do not bet or spend money at you don't know well.

Just hold it.
I use this quite often. Graphviz and the dot language are really useful tools. Here is my roundup of a collection of free-software network graphing tools:

https://lwn.net/Articles/639998/
North Korea is harsher
what about template meta-programming C++ code? Can be converted in python or java?
You do realize that (1) and (2) are at odds, right?

Yes, the increase reliance on federal government and increasing grab of power from any president is a problem. But if you remove the EC you'll get the bigger states pushing for their interests and use the federal government even more as a proxy, consequently giving even more power and responsibilities to it.