skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Safety in Rust's context is UB-free, memory errors-free, data race-free.

Safety in software engineering is more about designing systems with some degree of assurance against certain failures, but not about surprises or expectations of a programmer.

The usage you call traditional is perhaps common, but not really rooted in anything in software engineering. I'd call it an informal meaning, maybe.

PS. No need for apologies!
At a guess: the level of danger the misinformation poses to the public would be a deciding factor.
No, Salt is distinctive: it uses resident agents, unlike other tools; infamously, they managed to implement e=1 RSA in their transport protocol. You cannot reasonably extrapolate from Salt to Terraform or Ansible.
I definitely agree.

Yet when a platform like YouTube deletes accounts and publicly announces the censoring of information that doesn't conform with the Ministry of Information(aka the World Health Organization), there's no mystery that they're violating people's rights.
It really, truly cannot.
I believe GP is criticising the journalism :)
As much as I love messing around with stuff at home, it is pretty jaw dropping how cheap a cloud hosted solution can be these days - I've got my personal site, a nextcloud instance with 75gb of s3 style storage, a Wireguard server, along with some docker images hosting projects I'm working on all for around 3EUR a month. I used to self host everything, but convenience kills I guess.
The first amendment is about the government. Your speech is not illegal. The government cannot persecute you for your opinion or beliefs. It has absolutely nothing to do with your ability to be heard on the internet.
Everyone is buying a mega bag thinking that they will now suddenly do a lot of baking. My mother did this. My grandmother did this. Many of my 23 year old friends did this.

They end up baking one loaf and then just forgetting about it in the pantry, but they bought a 20 lb bag because of how much they expected to bake.
YouTube is perfectly capable of objectively and correctly deciding that David Icke is full of shit.

And the Constitution decides that the truth is that the First Amendment doesn't apply to YouTube. That's an objective truth you seem to be unaware of.
That's ridiculous. Of course it matters what someone is willing to express. A person willing to express hateful speech is a person who is also more willing to engage in hateful acts.

Making it harder to cross that first line absolutely matters in making it harder for them to cross the line of becoming an active danger to others.
$120m is not ridiculous for a medium to large enterprise.

For an engineering team of ~1000, just the build servers will cost about $1-5m a month (depending on what's being done there).
It might not be as relevant what the specific media is (internet, TV, print, etc.) so much as how dominant that media is.

So it could be the case that in the past conspiracy theorists didn't have access to the most dominant media (e.g. broadcast TV) while today they do.
Not sure this what you are looking for, but when I take certs I usually go with video and I have a 2 pass system:
1) Watch all video content straight through.
2) Take one practice exam/quiz.
3) Watch all video content a second time. On this pass I make notes and if possible take a quiz after each video.
4) Review notes.
5) Practice exams. As I uncover questions I get wrong, I add those specific things to the notes.
6) Review notes day of exam. Take exam.

This is super easy for if you just buy a course for a particular certification. You can "make your own" if its not really an exam by making a small outline or picking a particular video series and then grafting the series onto an outline and then making a schedule for how you will go over each outline item twice.

I always recommend the 2-pass system because of what I call the "coat-hook problem". Basically, you can't just memorize stuff that has no other connections to things you already know. So, in the first pass you are really just putting up the coat-hooks. All you need to get from that first pass is a broad overview of what the content is and hopefully you can get a feel for the shape of everything. The second pass is where you actually start learning the material, i.e. actually hanging some coats on the coat-hooks.

Hope this helps. It's just how I do things, not claiming its for everybody.
They say it has better low light capability, but I haven't found any source that quantifies or demonstrates it. Even the Sony spec sheet doesn't say.
In threads like this I am usually thinking I am taking crazy pills. All this talk about freedom of speech of the neutrality of the platform. No, Youtube, Facebook, Twitter are not the "town square" they are the theater or the pub and every owner has the right to kick your ass out. If you really want to have it as public space have them regulated call your rep and push for it. It is crazy that in the land of free everyone has the right on their own property but not big tech companies. Especially because these companies can't make laws themselves, they have a responsibility to their shareholders and if advertising money takes a hit because there are crazy people on their platform doing crazy shit. They have to act and they can act until they are regulated or taken over by the state.
Let me guess. Public schooling for you?
What if that 'extremist content' is pro-LGBT content somewhere else? What if it's criticism of religion? There's no consensus that those aren't equivalent to extremist content around the world, so such censorship does just as good a job at stopping what we once, in the West, considered abhorrent and obscene, as whatever we consider abhorrent today. I don't get how you can consistently square that circle.
>Private institutions should be bound by the first amendment once they've reached a critical mass.

That would be impossible, since the First Amendment as written explicitly only applies to Congress, and it restricts Congress' ability to pass laws, which is something private institutions don't actually have the power to do anyway.
On-prem servers don't run themselves: there's hardware maintenance, depreciation, security, networking, license renewals etc etc.

The typical customer I see who's moving from on-prem to cloud has a clear trigger/deadline in the form of hardware reaching EOL or licenses being up for renewal, and these aren't going away with COVID.
This is SO COOL!
That note was for Python 3.7, as of Python 3.8 the note is gone.

https://docs.python.org/3.8/using/windows.html#windows-store
Could you explain the argument that you are trying to make?

I'm not sure how scientifically confirmed theories are equivalent to, in many cases overtly disproven, conspiracy theories.
The classic textbook for analog transistor-level design is Analysis and Design of Analog ICs by Gray and Meyer (mentioned in a footnote). It assumes a strong background and goes more for comprehension than building insight so I wouldn't recommend it initially. For actual design, Behzad Razavi's books are great to gain insight. I really enjoy his pedagogical approach. Agarwal and Lang have a good sophomore/junior level book as do Sedra and Smith (Razavi's microelectronics book is also good).

Art of Electronics always deserves a mention in circuits book discussions. The former books all take more rigorous approaches to things while AoE focuses strongly on practical insight. It's less of a textbook than the others (fewer equations) but includes many real examples of circuits, from simple to very complex.
>YouTube is not the government.

Literally nobody believes this, Susan.
I can, and I will. It's not just security that's affected, it's availability, reliability, and maintainability as well, and it fosters a culture which doesn't value any of those things nearly enough, leading to a bunch of hulking monoliths lumbering over to the pile of VC money for dinner. I have no confidence in any of these systems.
This really irked me when I found out because I spent longer
than I care to admit diagnosing why a script I wrote
seemingly did nothing.

I'm not sure if it's different now but when I had just
installed anaconda python, and ran a script the usual way
(`python foo.py`) it just did nothing (not even open the
store page).

My memory might be a little hazy but I think not even
changing PATH order of precedence made a difference. I had
to find a sub-sub page in the modern settings app to disable
the magic store hook.

I agree with some others here: I'm fine if I'm suggested a
solution to a missing command but when that hook overrides
a valid installation I have a bit of a problem :|
Emergency – donate today to save homeless animals – Soi Dog Foundation
Amazon as a retailer, sure, but why would this be true for Microsoft (software licenses) or Google (ads)?
Good point, I was using that map when I made my observation and overlooked the cluster of smaller countries in the Andes. My bad.

After doing some back of the envelope calculations, about 17% of the countries in the Americas are federated and 16% in Europe, so it's actually pretty similar. But countries in the Americas have a much bigger size disparity than in Europe which really makes the federated areas stand out.
That is because the media decided to direct attention in exchange for clicks and ads revenue.
You are right there was no holocaust, 5G spreads COVID19 and there are aliens in your government. Maybe you can talk about the moon landing at the next listener meet and greet. That you seriously typed that comment and maybe even believed yourself is really terrifying.
Thanks for posting. This seems interesting. It takes a while to get to making good points but they provide a good overview of how the various parts of safety, trust, ethics are explored by various explanatory methods like visualization, model distilation, and "intrinsic" methods. It seems like they're not actually addressing the issue of explainability but more the tools that are available for trying to debug extremely large programs composed of matrix multiplications and function applications. It seems like "explainable" in this context really means "debuggable" and "debugging tools".

Because fundamentally neural networks really have a debuggability problem. It's impossible to say if the program/code is actually correct and I'm not sure how visualization is actually going to solve the problem of correctness. If someone explained something to me I'd want to know why it actually addresses whatever problem they claim it addresses and their reasons of appealing to distilled models would not convince me because as long as we are looking at a compressed version of the program then why would we conclude that the larger program is actually correct and never misclassifies a pigeon as a stop sign? So if I can't be sure that a pigeon will never be classified as a stop sign then what has been actually explained and of what value is it?
"Do you have evidence that the truth more often than not win over lies?"

The existence of technology as well as science.
Interesting article about this, one of Canada's biggest flour suppliers has not run out of flour, but rather bags to put it in. https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/robin-hood-flour-baking-yel...
"Modern" tools are anything but. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, and to some extent thereafter (less so as civil-society norms developed, and a shared sense for "reasonable" political advocacy along with those), extremist pamphlets, chapbooks and other printed materials pushing outlandish conspiracy theories were incredibly common. Anyone advocating for freedom of the press would've been familiar with the stuff.
Unfortunately, I fear the reality of this situation is a lot less nuanced than you're expressing here. It's more likely that the advertisers who give YouTube a lot of money simply threatened not to advertise on the platform should he continue to have a presence there.

In David Icke's case, he directly threatens telecommunications carriers' ability to sell 5G services. That's directly counter to said carriers' marketing goals.

Not to anthropomorphize YouTube too much here, services like them derive their morality from profit. If something threatens profitability, they'll do what's required to correct that problem. Moreover, there are a number of feedback loops in place that reinforce this behavior. This isn't a matter of YouTube judging a bad idea on its merit; this is a matter of them judging a bad idea on how it affects advertising revenue.

Put in a somewhat more uncouth manner: Money talks, bullshit walks.
This slope isn't nearly as slippery as you think it is. If YouTube began issuing a million times more bans, it might approach the quality of an average newspaper in terms of accuracy. Would we be living in a dystopia at that point? No, we'd be living just like we did in the year 2000, when YouTube wasn't around but newspapers were.
Perhaps someone should analyse and pop such filter bubbles instead. We all know US gov is incapable going to bathroom by their own, so perhaps EU could step in and require platforms to publish such filter bubbles. I'm fairly sure most platforms actually curate the bubbles already.

IMHO EU should work on disinformation harm reduction strategy. Similarly how some members deal with drug addicts - contact people infected with bullshit and try to set them straight. I guess that (public mental health) would sound too dystopian for HN crowd.
I'd be very happy to chat & share our ongoing and wishlist projects. Feel free to drop me an email at rudi@figma.com. It's just that exciting projects tend to map 1:1 to our product roadmap, which I prefer not to randomly share in a HN comment.

I will say though that from my perspective as an employee, we are far far far from done. I always feel like we have 10x the feature requests at any given time than we have the capability to work on. Design tools in general have been pretty neglected until fairly recently and are far behind developer tools. There are tons of low hanging fruits that translate directly into hours saved for designers.

As we get more and more users, especially international users, there are also backend challenges which we talk a little bit about here: https://www.figma.com/blog/under-the-hood-of-figmas-infrastr...
the power bill is only one small component of the cost of physical servers.

The main cost is the up-front capital. This capital has a cost (aka, the cost of capital in finance parlance), which either come from debt, or financed by equity, or in opportunity cost.

Therefore, shutting the servers down will not decrease that cost of capital, and so continue to cost the business that cannot make use of the servers in a recession.

The great thing about cloud servers is that it's pay per use - so there's no cost of capital. And in bad times, the expense can be eliminated, and directed else where that's more needed.
The dependency problems he's describing sound like they could be relatively easily fixed with some new systemd keywords?

Of course it would take some time to migrate existing unit files.

It doesn't sound like a fundamental critique. Would be nice to turn this into a constructive proposal to fix systemd.
The argument is that people’s individual freedom to speak anything should be held in higher regard than the welfare of society, regardless of what harmful outcomes may come from that speech.

It’s a core tenet of American racists and fascists (and, I suspect, conspiracy theorists), because otherwise they wouldn’t be able to convert others to their cause without being silenced by their platforms.
Not promoting the video in their algorithm would basically accomplish the same functional difference as censorship. Ditto for any platforms that can demote content from their ranking.
It's quite literally in the definition of censorship, and has been since its origination in Ancient Rome. More importantly, the restriction on censorship has been tied to government action since it was first enshrined in the First Amendment.

A private party can choose not to spread the content of a third party. That is not censorship. That is one party choosing not to spend their own resources to further the interests of a different party. If the third party has an issue with that, they can spend their own resources creating their own platform to spread their own ideas.
Cut and paste your surroundings to Photoshop
Yes. This inevitably results in all mass-adopted systems, even messaging services where people just talk to each other. It's not the systems, it's the people.
Where do people get this idea that it’s only censorship if the government does it? Regardless of your view on this, it’s censorship. Period.
This is correct. I can't speak to what you can do with google, but you can, in fact, call (or email) rsync.net and ask for old files.

By old files, that can mean any snapshot schedule you choose to set up (daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly ...).
Then something has to change, because this situation won't become more tenable going forward. Platforms like YouTube will only continue to grow and obtain power. We either need a bill of rights against these corporations or leverage to get them to comply.
Yes, by not addressing that I put myself in the trap where I was forced to respond to it anyway in a later comment.

So, in order to avoid repeating myself, I believe I addressed that notion here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23063309

In short, I am not saying that the truth will necessarily "win out" over the false. Rather I am saying - and this was my fault for not being clear enough - that I reject the notion that we should try to pick a side to suppress. Because the same part of human nature that leads to rampant spread of disinformation is the part of human nature that tries to decide what the capital-T Truth is.

So, my personal belief system - and I know how unpopular this viewpoint is, especially in current times - is just let them have at it. Remove blatant calls for violence, and nothing more. ("nothing more" should include racism and other unpopular beliefs, by the way, in case my viewpoint isn't controversial enough thus far).

So, saying "We should go out and attack $GROUP" should be removed. But saying "I think $GROUP is inferior due to highly discredited scientific-seeming reasons" should not be removed, because however wrong or distasteful it is, it's not directly advocating for violence. Similarly, something like holocaust denial or anti-vax beliefs, etc should similarly not be suppressed.

Again, I know I'm probably in the minority here, but I hope that helps you understand my thoughts on these issues.
When you ban these people you erode something we all hold dear in Western countries, and that’s free speech. Even those who are not aligned with you share that ideal, and we have integrity on this one issue because there’s proof of it - you don’t get censored.

When you do start censoring them, we will all start losing faith in our values as we don’t apply it across the board.

If you look at other non free countries, the average person doesn’t really believe that you have the right to express your views. Take the Muhammad cartoons for example, a vast majority of Muslims in non-western countries think that’s a no go from a rights perspective ( as in, you shouldn’t even have the right to draw it). That kind of thinking extends and extends to all kinds undermining of individual rights. If you look at China, the vastness of inaction to their Internet being censored is another key example of this. It takes a lot to get a society to value it, and we worked pretty hard to get those values ingrained in our culture.

There might be some absolutely abhorrent people in our country, but even they cannot deny that they do have the right to express themselves here. We lose that baseline integrity of our values when we start withering it away, until we ourselves can’t even recognize ourselves anymore, where suddenly we have all these caveats to a principle that defines our society.
Work These (Other) Things
Consumer flour and commercial/industrial flour are apparently different enough that they can't easily redirect the latter into the former's supply chain.
Therefore we should let those with power choose what everyone can say and hear? Sorry, I'm not following.
elementaryOS' mail client is now a separate implementation to Geary and is based on libraries that underly the Evolution mail client.

https://github.com/elementary/mail
If you're only after money then be a Quant for financial company. But you probably had to plan that from college.

The other option is start your own companies (plural cause it's unlikely your first several will be "the one").
I consider your statement to really be saying the following:

"According to myself, YouTube is perfectly capable of objectively and correctly deciding that David Icke is full of shit."
YouTube is not a de facto public utility. It is not currently used as the primary means of news by any segment of the population, by any government entity anywhere in the world.

It is not a means of communication like Zoom or the telephone. It's just videos. Lots and lots of videos. It provides entertainment to billions of people, but that doesn't mean YouTube is a utility. It just means its very popular.
I think the lawyer example is great! People here don’t question how a lawyer or good accountant can charge 500$/hr easily but an engineer, oh heavens no it can’t be possible. Big business pay this because as others have said it’s about returns, and they aren’t experts in the field and they know they’ll make more back. As startup owners or employees, it may be hard to fathom.

If anything more engineers need to be paid even more. Heck even consider a real estate agent that puts your house up for sale, and your house is worth 1m and they get 2.5%, let’s say they walk away with 15k how many hours do you think they spent marketing and managing the sale? In a hot market, where prices are higher and things move fast, even they are reeling in 500$/hr so a PhD level engineer pulling that shouldn’t shock you.
Uhhh... fraud has legal definition, as does libel - these are _civil_ issues not _criminal_. That being said, the right to actually say the words is still protected and nobody is allowed to take that right away.
OK, thank you. Mathematical maturity isn't really my problem, it's more intuition. When you mention the Agarwal book is that this one?

https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/51ORN4BmJmL...
I liked the optical distortion idea. It's not super fitting to me, but it was a nice thought.
No, they just decided, as a commercial entity not under the jurisdiction of the First Amendment, to stop cutting him checks. Get a grip, they're not executing him.
Far from it. It's well known that the Nazis exploited Weimar-era censorship laws to their own ends after seizing power.
The key component is them having access to a platform with global reach. Exposing and debating hasn't been working all that well, has it? These 5G conspiracy theories are absurdly easy to bust. Yet here we are, with people attacking 5G towers and threatening employees. 9/11 conspiracy theories are still popular. Moon landing conspiracy theories. Debating in an of itself doesn't work. Humans aren't perfectly logical.

ugh there are literally people who think the Earth is flat. There are literally people who think the Earth is flat!
As with all such matters, its about the slippery slope, and setting precedents. The belief is, we can have our cake and eat it too. e.g. we will allow free speech, except for the egregious cases like X, Y, Z. The problem of course is, who defines egregious, and can it be objectively defined?
OK. I guess we should let anti-vaxers spread disinformation causing a whole bunch of people dying unnecessarily because people believed it.