skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Why are shorts necessary in the presence of put contracts?

I think the problem some folks have with short selling is that it creates for the market an illusion of willing sellers where there may not be supply.
Bollocks. We can attribute to them the desire to gobble up power to control what we can and can't do on the internet and surveil us, because that's the way they all behave.
This was in the context of people choosing to get the virus, where the risk of infecting a 60yo is essentially nil.

At this point, I'd volunteer for infection where I'm locked in a prison cell with a box of Clif bars and some books and am not permitted any human contact until I'm no longer infectious. Am also willing to sign up for periodic re-infection to ensure that I do actually have immunity.
I guess we have to wait. Do you expect the counts to shoot up 10x or 10%?

* Not sure how to read the Japanese study. There were 3700 passengers on that ship, the CT study only tracks 101 of them. I could not figure out the selection process. Furthermore, how does this compare to the annual flu? Quick Internet search: "Chest CT findings of influenza virus‐associated pneumonia in 12 adult patients" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4941884. Sounds ominous, and yet here we are.

* Yay for a better website!

* Who is better positioned to succeed in asking countries for permission to release the data: random citizens, or the researchers that already have connections to the respective countries health departments on this very topic? Stop hiding behind bureaucratic excuses. Pull whatever strings you have to pull to get the data published.

Edit: Another presentation of the euromomo data: https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2020/04/16/tracking.... Looks quite a bit more balanced than the NYT piece.
How might I use this to delete emails with big attachments? Can I filter and delete by message size?

I'm cheap. :-)
Interesting idea — I had never thought about that (I mean, looking at tables as internals, and procedures + views as the public interface). I'll think about that the next time I'm doing a data migration.

Thanks for sharing, Postgrest looks like intended for people building a web app, and who don't want to write application server code, instead, they install just a database?

Also, I imagine Postgrest is nice for internal admin apps? then one "just" needs to write Javascript and connect to Postgrest via REST?

Actually, it'd be nice if https://postgrest.org homepage explained some different use cases :-) I had to think for a little while, still not sure if I understand all cases when Postgrest can be useful.

Edit: Now I see there're explanations here: https://postgrest.org/en/v7.0.0/ " Motivation
Using PostgREST is an alternative to manual CRUD programming" etc, if I just scroll down ab bit. — I didn't do that until now, I probably stopped reading at the "Sponsors" text & images previously, or I thought it was a documentation page.

This is quite cool: "Creating new views happens in SQL with known performance implications. A database administrator can now create an API from scratch with no custom programming".

It looks a bit like GraphQL also: https://postgrest.org/en/v7.0.0/api.html#resource-embedding

Nice that it's written in Haskell, was my favorite language long ago :- )

(PS. http://postgrest.org redirect to: http://postgrest.org/en/v6.0/ which is not the latest version (& not https), maybe you'd like to redirect to: https://postgrest.org/en/v7.0.0/ instead)
I wish I could get a clear explanation of why faster than light travel breaks causality. I have seen the math but intuitively I am having trouble grasping it especially when you have only two reference frames (most explanations will use three reference frames to show the violation)
https://www.youtube.com/user/rossmanngroup

But be warned, repairing a Pentium desktop motherboard and repairing a recent Apple laptop are 2 different leagues. I did repair a lot of capacitors / magic_smoke on old desktop/vintage motherboards. You just need an acceptable soldering iron (with real temperature control, not just any junk), a tabletop EE heatgun (not the ones looking like a hair drier), a solder suction pump, your eyes and your nose.

However for modern laptops, you need a digital oscilloscope, logic analyzer, microscope, large reflow oven, vacuum chamber a dozen screw drivers and 5-15k$ worth of professional tools. Good luck with that. In my case, I can't even get my hands steady enough to do the smaller surface mount jobs. There is some wizards on the net who did it so many time they can do away with half of the tools, but unless you did it 500x time on the same model, you wont.
Because that's (roughly) the Lifted Condensation Level: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifted_condensation_level

Water vapor around the LCL starts condensing and turning from a gas into liquid cloud droplets. This process happens considerably faster once it begins for a variety of reasons, so once you can have cloud droplets, you get a ton of cloud droplets - not a gradual transition from water vapor to cloud. It's almost like a light switch.

Most air masses are relatively homogenous anyways, so unless there are underlying processes causing things like undulatus asperatus, it will certainly appear very, very flat over a large area.
A whole LOT of time, a whole lot of space.

So estimate 1 minor good random mutation per 10,000 population. Assume 1 major mutation per 1000 years, per 10,000 population.
> I don't really like this focus on the size of audiences that has come with social media.

Neither do I. As a freelancer, I don't care about traffic at all. That's almost the opposite. If you want to choose your clients, that means you need just a select few people to visit your site and then hire you (and not all at the same time, please). In that use case, you optimize for a few people, and what would be of interest to them. If someone else enjoys the site, it's a bonus, but that's not the goal, no matter what the tribe building marketers want you to believe.

Quality over quantity.
That’s a massive understatement. More accurate words describing the government’s track record would be “screwup, coverup, deceit, malicious”.

At every single point in the past where they have had the chance to deal with technology they have done one or more of the following:
1. Screwed up, and then tried to cover it up.
2. Outright lied.
3. Created malicious laws that mandate violating privacy and makes it illegal to tell the truth about it.

Basically they have proven numerous times that they can’t be trusted with technology or privacy.
Graham and Heather
BFPO 40

Granny's Christmas card was delivered. Back then Rhein-d had quite a few people in it. Wacky old West Germany, with Brits in it.
This entertaining article lists what happened to the early LSD researchers: https://slatestarcodex.com/2016/04/28/why-were-early-psyched...
One way I've seen it used is when you need to order by all or nearly all of the columns in a select statement. Sometimes

select a.1, a.2, a.3, ... a.10 GROUP BY 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10

conveys the intent more clearly than listing out all the column names
Fuzzing is fun! If you're doing it on your personal computer (as opposed to a cloud VM somewhere), I'd suggest putting the testcase output directory on a spinning-rust hard drive that you don't care about instead of your (presumably much more expensive) internal SSD. It creates an impressive number of disk writes.

I've been thinking about fuzzing JavaScript code (not attacking V8 or SpiderMonkey, but the JS code itself). While JavaScript might not be vulnerable to buffer overflows and format string vulnerabilities, it certainly can have logic issues, unhandled exceptions, and DoS vulnerabilities that are exposed by fuzzing.

I took a look at the most-depended-on NPM packages. I'll try writing test harnesses on functions that take user input. Does anyone have any ideas for packages that could use some fuzz testing?
In my opinion, saying entropy is a measure of randomness is confusing at best and wrong at worst.

Entropy is a the amount of information it takes to describe a system. That is, how many bits does it take to "encode" all possible states of the system.

For example, say I had to communicate the result of 100 (fair) coin flips to you. This requires 100 bits of information as each of the 100 bit vectors is equally likely.

If I were to complicate things by adding in a coin that was unfair, I would need less than 100 bits as the unfair coin would not be equally distributed. In the extreme case where 1 of the 100 coins is completely unfair and always turns up heads, for example, then I only need to send 99 bits as we both know the result of flipping the one unfair coin.

The shorthand of calling it a "measure of randomness" probably comes from the problem setup. For the 100 coin case, we could say (in my opinion, incorrectly) that flipping 100 fair coins is "more random" than flipping 99 fair coins with one bad penny that always comes up heads.

Shannon's original paper is extremely accessible and I encourage everyone to read it [1]. If you'll permit self-promotion, I made a condensed blog post about the derivations that you can also read, though it's really Shannon's paper without most of the text [2].

[1] http://people.math.harvard.edu/~ctm/home/text/others/shannon...

[2] https://mechaelephant.com/dev/Shannon-Entropy/
Part of my current job is handling the technical side of managing Wordpress sites (we have people who do the design/content writing/page building, but I get pulled in for "why isn't this plugin working" or "why is the site slow" type stuff).

For my personal sites I've always done something custom or a static site generator. That definitely requires some more in-depth setup on the frontend, but the long-term maintenance is drastically reduced compared to Wordpress. Sure you don't need to know the command line, but unless you log in weekly to check for plugin updates, make sure you properly vet your plugins, and either get lucky or spend a bunch of time on site optimization, your site will probably be slow and, at some point, get hacked.

You can pay for more hands-on hosting that includes managing a lot of that stuff, but all of a sudden the costs get a lot higher. For a personal blog, I don't want to pay $30/month for hosting.
It’s open source if that makes you reconsider. It’s definitely worth supporting them IMO.
It is probably cheaper for him to cash all checks than to get some assistant to only cash checks over a certain amount. I would imagine there is a department of people who do receivables for him. Most likely it caused trouble trying to find the matching invoice.
Sorry, edited question
I never figured out why AS isn't allowed in the GROUP BY clause. It would be much simpler to implement `SELECT a1 FROM nums GROUP BY a+1 AS a1`.
That is, in fact, true. Planes can fly with symmetrical wings, including flat wings, and even with upside-down wings, as is easily demonstrated by observing stunt planes actually flying upside-down--in all cases, as long as they are appropriately tilted to redirect the air. Most purpose-built stunt planes even actually have symmetrically-curved wings, because the reduction in right-way-up aerodynamic performance is made up for by the increase in inverted performance.
You can't imagine how they were referring to effort rather than response time?
Game sat in my Steam library untouched from the time of it's release until a few months ago. I'm so glad I decided on a whim to play through it. Incredible game.
Totally agree, and hey, if you or anyone you know is looking for documentation, PM me!
Often that's not a realistic option due to factors such as where family lives, access to minority cultural/religious institutions, access to good jobs, or access to cultural opportunities.
Good catch! Thanks for pointing that out!
This, gravity, and quantum mechanics, I think are things that people just accept as is, I don't think anyone really knows how or why it works, it just works. It could be that our brains are not wired to understand how two things can be pulling each other without anything physically connecting them. My knee jerk explanation is that we live in a simulation, and that the simulation is not in anything like a physical world, and we are just not wired to grasp it, just like an ant won't be able to learn learn calculus.
Have you ever thought why the Australian Government is so far ahead in such matters?

Perhaps it has something to do with the bloody-mined, overly-timid sheep that continually vote these bastards into government year after year—despite the current surfeit of draconian law.

Don't forget there's been no stomach to rock the boat in this country for decades and also we haven't had an effective Opposition for many years.
i just recently (last month) repaired my mbp logic board (screen backlight circuit issue). i had very little experience (have never even taken a circuits class) but i was able to successfully perform the repair (with a little help).

the first step is obviously to get a multimeter (which you probably already have).

the second and thirds steps are to get the boardview and schematics for your logic board

1. boardviewer http://boardviewer.net/

2. boardview and schematics files https://www.apple-schematic.se/board-ids/

the boardview shows you all of the traces on the board and the schematics match components with labels on the boardview (resistor/capacitor values and IC numbers).

once you have these things you can try to debug your issue. i did this buy watching a lot of louis's videos and googling (my issue happened to be common but yours might be as well). i narrowed my problem down to the brightness step-up circuit by finding a ground fault where the shouldn't have been one. i then ordered replacement capacitors from https://www.mouser.com/ (guessing that the dielectric probably broke down on one of them) for all the caps on the circuit an the fuse (values for which i found in the schematics).

the hardest part was actually desoldering/soldering existing caps because they're surface mount (as almost all of the components of modern logic boards are). for this you need a "hot air rework station" - quite an expensive tool. luckily i'm still in school and found someone in my ECE department that not only had one but was pretty handy with it. he did the desoldering and then i did the soldering. when the screen lit up both of us were pretty shocked the operation had worked :) anyway i can't give much more advice than this because i got pretty lucky! but there are forums where you can ask questions and people do discuss these things (louis also has a discord https://discord.gg/kPTwD3 where you can get more real time advice from various people). good luck!
Meanwhile (ok, over a year ago) Angela Merkel took a commercial flight to G20 in Argentina....

https://m.dw.com/en/man-finds-himself-sitting-next-to-german...

Not by first choice, but still..

Respect!
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_(database)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20771435/database-shardi...
>Carry your phone in a container made out of conductive material and while the phone is in it you won't be tracked by it.

If your threat model is a tyrannical government, what's preventing them from making it an offense to not carry a phone or otherwise interfere with the contact tracing system?
I have no knowledge of this particular situation, but...

Before I worked in aerospace as a structural engineer, I couldn't understand why airplanes are as expensive as they are.

Once I'd worked in aerospace as a structural engineer, I couldn't understand why airplanes aren't more expensive than they are.

I worked in stress analysis, where you'd analyze a part of an airplane to determine whether it fulfilled strength/fatigue life requirements. At this stage, the part's already been designed. So you take the part's material properties, geometry, surface preparation and coatings, machined features, and so on, and check it against anywhere from a few dozen to many thousands of load scenarios. You find the handful of critical load cases, and then you write up the analysis against those. The analysis is intended to be mostly self-contained, readable by any qualified engineer, and serve as a complete treatment of the part's structural sufficiency. It's not much of an exaggeration to say that every single structural component of an airplane is backed up by a stress analysis report running somewhere between 20 and 400 pages, written by one or more degreed engineers making what was, in the U.S. probably an average of $50-60/hr. Airliners are made up of many, many structural parts. The costs of proving the safety of those parts add up quickly.

Now, if I had to guess, instruction manuals are probably a bit cheaper to produce. Tech writers probably aren't as well compensated as engineers. But a lot of engineers' time will be eaten up nonetheless. (I once spent a memorable few weeks (!) proving that a dowel pin on a part that hadn't been machined correctly would not, during installation, shear off, so that existing installation documentation could still be used. Yay. After that I was known as the office dowel pin SME.) Good maintenance documents sweat the details and require input from designers, stress analysts, manufacturing engineers, supply chain representatives, and others. And then as the design evolves -- the design always evolves on the way to delivering a product -- these documents must be tweaked, added to, subtracted from, sometimes entirely rewritten, and those changes must be checked by a variety of folks.

So, $84 million for 100,000 pages might sound like a lot. But for what is in many ways a custom built aircraft, with divergences from the base aircraft that probably run into the millions, to me, it doesn't seem ridiculous.
What is the undertaking here and what does it involve? Can you please explain?
In the US, we have ZIP+4, which appends an additional four digits to the five-digit ZIP code. It's mainly used by bulk mailers, as part of qualifying for reduced postage rates.

Like the British postcode, important addresses have their own ZIP+4. E.g., 20500-0001, 20500-0002, and 20500-0003 refer, respectively, to the President, the First Lady, and the White House in general.
I think, unfortunately, the definition of decent in this case is viewed as luxury. Most specifically the concept that everyone should be able to own a house within a reasonable commute of work in a desirable location. This cannot happen while also respecting the idea of properties as investments, the wealthy wanting to be able to purchase disproportionately large places in multiple desirable locations, and the idea that so many people may desire to live in a city that the city cannot possibly take them all.
Doesn't Apple ToS forbid programming (excepting embedded lua etc)? Did that change?

Android 10 is locking down http://termux.com, and wifi ipads have higher compute/$. If this works at full speed, I might get one.
I could imagine having a build system which produces a process as an artifact and then just forks it in the cloud without distributing those pesky archives!
I'm an amateur, but I have been investigating this for myself for a long time and mean to write up a blog post when I have it all settled to my satisfaction. That's not ready yet, but I think I can give you an explanation that is more acceptable than the usual ones (including the other comments here: because it appears to have angular momentum, because it appears to have a two-component complex number that is affected by magnetic fields, etc).

Spin is not an object really 'spinning', but in fact, neither is angular momentum, and momentum isn't really an object 'moving'. Let's be clear about what momentum is in quantum mechanics: there is, say, an electron field, and along a particular path it oscillates as `e^i(Et-px)/hbar`. The momentum determines how frequently the wave oscillates as you move in space; the energy determines how much it oscillates in time (the E and p operators pull E and p scalars out of this, and the Schrodinger equation says that E^2 - p^2 = m^2 (sorta; we take the positive solution of a low-momentum expansion...).

Anyway, the point is, momentum means "the wave function oscillates as you change the position'. Angular momentum means "the wave function oscillates as you change the angle'. The base orbital angular momentum state looks like `e^i m φ`, and the operator that extracts `m` is `- i d_φ`. Etc.

The other thing about wave functions is that they are continuous everywhere. The presence of a particle is something like "having a knot" in the field -- there is a region where there must be some net object, because if you integrate around the region you see non-zero net flux. That kind of thing. So to have "intrinsic angular momentum of 1/2" means that, if you integrate around a region where a fermion is, you'll see a net rotation of the wave function by half a phase.

Now, that seems nonsensical, because if you integrate around a point, you should get back to the value you started at. And in fact, you do, but the two are distinguishable: the reconciliation for this is related to the fact that SO(3) is not simply-connected; if you produce a path of rotations that takes every vector back to where it started (such as XYZXYZ, where X rotates around the X axis), any path that performs one loop does not deform the identity path, but one that does two does -- which makes these states physically different. So if you gave me a wave function, I could bucketize all of the points in, say, the 'z' direction into ones that are in the 'identity' element (relative to a point of my choosing) vs the 'anti-identity' element. These have opposite spins.

I am still working on tightening up the model, and I haven't quite figured out how this causes the magnetic field to send such a particle in a different direction. But the rest feels close, to me, and doesn't rely on any hand-waving statements like "because it seems to work this way".
My program went nowhere, by design. But after a few weeks on a 'new' project using ClearCase and ClearQuest (circa 2017), I was so frustrated with the archaic and painfully bureaucratic system that I decided there was nothing worse, and that to feel better about using it, there had to be something worse. So I made a project management system from scratch to be needlessly bureaucratic. Absolutely everything required approval from a designated project leader.

Want to check something out? You need to wait for approval. Want to check something in? You need to wait for approval? Has someone checked out something that you also need to check out? You need approval twice. Each approval request required a note and priority. It was fiendish.

It was great fun to get started and have this centralised system in place that worked just like I had envisioned. I stopped after a while because I rotated off that project, and was more than happy to see the back of ClearCase and ClearQuest. I should upload the source at some point.
In 1986 I was traveling through Europe after my senior year in college and met an Irish girl in Munich named Fiona O'Reilly. She gave me her address. It was something like:

O'Reilly
The house by the big tree
Glenbrook
County Cork, Ireland

She told me if I was ever in town that I could find the house by stopping anyone on the street and asking where it was. So I did: I hitchhiked to Glenbrook (you could do that in the 80's), stopped a random person on the street, and asked where the O'Reilly house was. They knew.

Good times.
Yeah I'm not sure what you're after here.

Finding something descriptive and a physical phenomena is exactly physics, though. Field lines are tangent to fields, and the fields provide a predicting power over forces and motion experienced by macro objects undergoing electromagnetic phenomena.

Maybe you should look into the hypotheses and techniques that were used by those scientists in developing predictive power over electromagnetism.
Float is the wrong word to use I think. Float implies gravity and water. At the scale of a cell gravity is not as important as intra-molecular forces like van-der-waals forces, and fluids do not behave like we think.